111111
`
`1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US007088990Bl
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Isomursu et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`(54) COMMUNICATION NETWORK TERMINAL
`SUPPORTING A PLURALITY OF
`APPLICATIONS
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Pekka Isomursu, Oulu (FI); Juhani
`Miettunen, Oulu (FI); Mikko
`Lietsalmi, Oulu (FI); Arto Lehtonen,
`Tampere (FI); Petri Nykanen, Tampere
`(FI); Patrik Gustafsson, Espoo (FI)
`
`(73) Assignee: Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd., Salo (FI)
`
`4,811,377 A *
`4,819,191 A
`4,843,588 A *
`4,866,766 A
`4,868,561 A
`4,897,714 A
`4,940,963 A
`4,953,162 A
`4,977,520 A
`5,008,854 A *
`
`3/1989 Krolopp et a!. ............. 455/550
`............... 364/518
`4/1989 Scully et a!.
`6/1989 Flynn ...................... 455/186.1
`9/1989 Mitzlaff
`9/1989 Davis
`111990 Ichise et al.
`7/1990 Gutman eta!.
`8/1990 Lyons et a!.
`. 364/521
`12/1990 McGaughey, III et a!.
`4/1991 Maeda et al ................ 345/435
`
`(Continued)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`
`365200
`
`4/1990
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/183,343
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Oct. 30, 1998
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63)
`
`Continuation of application No. 08/804,236, filed on
`Feb. 20, 1997.
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Feb. 26, 1996
`
`(FI)
`
`...................................... 960895
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04Q 7120
`(2006.01)
`(52) U.S. Cl. .................... 455/412.1; 455/517; 455/420
`(58) Field of Classification Search ................ 455/410,
`455/418, 419, 420, 556, 557, 466, 31.3, 38.1,
`455/575, 186.1; 340/572.1, 572.4, 825.4;
`379/93.17; 370/352,389,392, 310; 709/200,
`709/201,217,232,238
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,122,304 A
`4,220,820 A
`4,488,288 A
`4,542,497 A
`
`10/1978 Mal lien, II
`9/1980 Mal lien, II
`12/1984 Turner
`9/1985 Huang et a!.
`
`(Continued)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) docu(cid:173)
`ments: TS GSM 02.04, TS GSM 02.30, TS GSM 02.90, TS
`GSM 03.38, TS GSM 03.40 "Telecommunication Networks:
`Protocols, Modeling and Analysis", Mischa Schwartz,
`Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0-201-16423-X, pp. 12-19.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner-Jean Gelin
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Perman & Green, LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`The present invention relates to a terminal (1) for a com(cid:173)
`munication network, the terminal being capable of support(cid:173)
`ing a plurality of applications (17, 18) and having means of
`communicating user messages. The terminal comprises
`means for receiving user messages having data and a header
`relating to one of the applications (17, 18) and means (8) for
`addressing the data to a respective application according to
`the header. In an embodiment the user messages are short
`messages and the data comprises characters in the short
`message.
`
`30 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets
`
`MS1
`
`MS2
`
`SM-SC
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0001
`
`

`

`US 7,088,990 Bl
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5,029,233 A *
`5,062,132 A
`5,109,403 A
`5,127,040 A
`5,131,020 A
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`5,555,446 A
`5,559,860 A
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`5,577,103 A
`5,579,535 A
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`5,598,461 A
`5,600,312 A
`5,606,597 A
`5,606,712 A *
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`5,628,051 A
`5,655,215 A
`5,666,364 A
`5,687,216 A
`5,689,825 A
`5,692,032 A
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`5,754,775 A
`
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`........................... 4551435
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`
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`5,761,610 A
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`5,794,142 A *
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`5,798,785 A
`5,802,526 A
`5,809,115 A
`5,809,415 A
`5,812,953 A
`5,818,442 A
`5,826,051 A
`5,852,773 A
`5,864,848 A *
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`5,875,404 A
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`5,930,239 A *
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`5,930,700 A *
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`6,108,530 A
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`6,175,741 B1
`6,201,859 B1
`6,278,862 B1
`6,427,064 B1
`6,501,967 B1
`200210110230 A1
`
`. ............ 4551466
`
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`711999 Birze
`711999 Gaskill
`711999 Turcotte ..................... 4551466
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`712002 Henderson
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`812002 Leuca et a!.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`
`459344 A1
`542049
`562890 A1
`0679003 A
`679040 A2
`684591 A1
`
`1211991
`511993
`911993
`1011995
`1011995
`1111995
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0002
`
`

`

`US 7,088,990 Bl
`Page 3
`
`EP
`EP
`FI
`FI
`FI
`GB
`GB
`GB
`GB
`JP
`SE
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`wo
`
`0679040 A3
`0756252 A
`100137
`962553
`102020
`2262630
`2269512
`2289825
`2301261
`5-347576
`503752
`wo 91107041
`wo 92/03891
`WO 93/01665 A
`WO 94/12938 A
`WO 94/17480 A
`wo 94/23394
`wo 95/08900
`wo 95/12934
`wo 95/14275
`wo 95/23483
`wo 95/34998
`wo 96/02999
`wo 96/06417
`wo 96/09714
`wo 96/13814
`wo 96/27974
`wo 97/01940
`wo 97/32439
`wo 97/45814
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`10/1996
`111997
`9/1997
`1111997
`9/1998
`6/1993
`9/1994
`1111995
`1111996
`12/1993
`8/1996
`5/1991
`3/1992
`111993
`6/1994
`8/1994
`10/1994
`3/1995
`5/1995
`5/1995
`5/1995
`12/1995
`2/1996
`2/1996
`3/1996
`5/1996
`9/1996
`111997
`9/1997
`12/1997
`
`European Telecommunication Standard, ETS 300 511
`"European Digital Cellular Telecommunication System
`(Phase 2); Man-Machine Interface (MMI) of the Mobile
`Station (MS) (GSM 02.30)", Jul. 1995; (pp. 1-27).
`"Future Technology Will Wire People", downloaded from
`<http:/ /cgi .infoworld.com/cgi -bin/ display Archive.pl? /96/
`48/t22-48.19.htm>; date of first publication Nov. 25, 1996;
`2 pages; vol. 18, Issue 48, InfoWorld; (3 pages).
`"Versit Achieves Widespread Industry Adoption Of Its
`vCard Specification", M2 Presswire, published May 1,
`1996; ( 4 pages).
`"Dynamic Systems Research Tum Your Psion Into A Pow(cid:173)
`erful Mobile Communicator", M2 Presswire published Nov.
`14, 1996; (2 pages).
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`lished Apr. 13, 1982, Financial Times Limited; (3 pages).
`
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`published Sep. 8, 1992, Financial Times Limited; (42
`pages).
`"Information Technology in Europe (13); A Boost for Push(cid:173)
`Button Power-Mobile Phone Calls Will Soon Span the
`Continent", N. Buckley, published Mar. 17, 1992, Financial
`Times Limited; (2 pages).
`"Multiple ACT Versions to be Released", C. Lindquist,
`published Apr. 27, 1992, Computerworld, Inc.; (1 page).
`"Octel Announces Short Message Service (SMS) to Support
`Voice Message Notification on Sierra", published Sep. 22,
`1992, Business Wire, Inc.; (2 pages).
`"All-in-One Telephone Service on the Way", F. Gardner,
`published Jul. 10, 1996, Business Dateline; (2 pages).
`Real Time Tele-Payment System, Behruz Vazvan, Race
`Mobile Summit, Nov. 22-24, 1995, Cascals, Portugal.
`Enhanced Services for Mobile Communications, Behruz
`Vazvan, Helsinki University of Technology, Nov. 1, 1994.
`Enhanced Communication Services for Mobile TCP/IP Net(cid:173)
`working, Markku Kojo eta!. University of Helsinki Dept. of
`Computer Science Series of Publications C, Report C-1995-
`15, Helsinki, Apr. 1995, pp. 1-22; (25 pages).
`Microsoft Exchange User Handbook Working with Contacts
`pp. 590-594, Jan. 1997.
`vCard Electronic Business Card Business Card pp. 1-5, Jan.
`1997; (5 pages).
`"Optimizing World-Wide Web for Weakly Connected
`Mobile Workstations: An indirect approach" Jun. 5, 1995,
`Services in Distributed and Networked Environments,
`1995., Second International Workshop on Whistler, BC,
`Canada Jun. 5-6, 1995, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, IEEE
`Comput. Soc, pp. 132-139, XP010148055, ISBN: 0-8186-
`7092-4 *abstract*, Chapter 3, Figure 1, Liljeberg, M., eta!.;
`(8 pages).
`"Short Message Service Based Applications in the GSM
`Network", Sep. 18, 1994, IEEE International Symposium on
`Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, XX,
`XX, pp. 939-943, XP000612265, p. 942, col. 1, *abstract*;
`(5 pages).
`in Kom(cid:173)
`Giese, E. et a!., "Dienste und Protokolle
`munikationssytemen," Springer Verlag, Berlin, DE 1985,
`pp. 195-203.
`Frith, David, "Pocket-Sized Newtons Tipped to Become A
`Trillion-Dollar Mega-Industry," Sydney Morning Herald,
`Jun. 1, 1992.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0003
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 1 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
`MS1
`
`SM-SC
`
`Figure 1
`
`PC
`
`I
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`
`IMSC
`
`SM-SC
`
`Figure 2
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0004
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 2 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
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`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0005
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 3 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
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`Parsons Russel
`3RD Dimension Inc.
`Technical Manager ,__ ___
`Te1:+32 252 949 373
`Fax:+34 56 876 867
`The Business Park
`London, NWl 7KQ
`
`From:
`+44123554987
`
`Figure 6
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0006
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 4 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
`Tampere bus traffic SMS query
`
`Tampere
`
`Select the bus line, the time of departure from the terminal
`for the next bus you want to know about, and then press 'SEND'
`
`Give the time, if you want to know the times of departure of the lines departing
`after a specified time, otherwise select 'Now'
`
`08:00 ...
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`Fig. 7
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0007
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 5 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
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`SM-SC
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`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0008
`
`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 7 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
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`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0010
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 8, 2006
`
`Sheet 8 of 8
`
`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
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`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0011
`
`

`

`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
`2
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`1
`COMMUNICATION NETWORK TERMINAL
`SUPPORTING A PLURALITY OF
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a continuation of copending applica(cid:173)
`tion Ser. No. 08/804,236 filed on Feb. 20, 1997.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`15
`
`The present invention concerns a terminal for a commu(cid:173)
`nication network, the terminal capable of supporting a
`plurality of applications and having means of communicat(cid:173)
`ing user messages wherein it comprises means for receiving
`user messages having data and a header relating to one of
`said applications and means for addressing the data to a
`respective application according to said header. Accordingly
`The present invention relates to a terminal for a commu(cid:173)
`nication network, the terminal being capable of supporting 10 the terminal may readily have a plurality of different appli(cid:173)
`cations on such can be arranged into the terminal at a later
`a plurality of applications and having means of communi(cid:173)
`stage. The later addition of applications can be done by
`cating user messages. The present invention also concerns a
`direct contact of over the air contact to another device. One
`system in a communication network comprising transmit(cid:173)
`user message may contain data relating to one application
`ting terminals and receiving terminals being capable of
`indicated by the header, or a user message could contain data
`supporting a plurality of applications, both of said terminals
`relating to several application, indicated by different head-
`having means of communicating user messages.
`ers, e.g. so that the header indicating a specific application
`is followed by the data relating to that specific application.
`User messages contain a limited amount of information
`20 and are, therefore, quick to transmit. One type of user
`message is the so called short message. The invention is
`especially suitable to be implemented by the use of short
`messages. The mobile phone system according to the stan(cid:173)
`dard IS-136 uses a so called R data field for the transmission
`of similar short messages. Another type of a user messaging
`function kuown in the GSM system according to which SMS
`like messages can be sent as well is USSD (Unstructured
`Supplementary Service Data, which is more closely defined
`in the GSM specifications, e.g. in the following documents:
`TS GSM 02.04, TS GSM 02.30, TS GSM 02.90, TS GSM
`03.38, TS GSM 03.40. A similar messaging form called SOC
`(Service Operator Code) exists in the mobile phone system
`according to the standard IS-136. Communication forms like
`SMS, R data, USSD and SOC are here called user messaging
`functions and the messages are called user messages despite
`the fact that such messages can as well be sent by an operator
`and not only by a user. The benefit with this kind of
`communication is that it does not reserve the voice call
`channel either at all or at least not continuously.
`Similar benefits exists in packet switched communication.
`A protocol based on PRMA (Packet Reservation Multiple
`Access) for relaying packet switched information is kuown
`in mobile communication networks. It is also called "Packet
`Radio". The PRMA is a technology for multiplexing packet
`45 formatted digital speech or data into a time divided carrier
`wave. A packet radio service, GSM GPRS (General Packet
`Radio Service) under development for the GSM mobile
`radio system is used as an example. GPRS is a new GSM
`service offering packet radio service for GSM subscribers.
`50 GPRS reserves radio resources only when there is something
`to transmit, allowing the same resources to be shared by all
`mobile stations according to their needs. Accordingly also
`packet radio transmissions may be used for transmitting user
`messages, that reserve the communication charmel for only
`55 short periods.
`The intention is that any user messages can be used, but
`in following mainly short messages will be referred to as an
`example. In addition to being fast to send, the advantages of
`a short message service can be utilised, such as not reserving
`60 the voice channel. Application related information can either
`be pre-stored in a terminal memory (permanent memory) or
`a user may store the application related information in a
`terminal memory (cache memory) by contacting a server by
`means of a terminal. Depending on the application, the user
`65 may enter user input or modify the information in the
`applications. In another application the information relating
`to an application may be sent by a service provider and the
`
`At present, communicators are being developed which, in
`addition to ordinary mobile station functions, also have data
`processing facilities, which enable, e.g., the maintenance of
`a calendar, and the sending of a fax message and electronic
`mail. The communicators may have or may support several
`different applications like organiser type devices. One type 25
`of communicator has been presented in Patent Publication
`U.S. Pat. No. 5,422,656, comprising a user interface having
`a traditional alpha-numeric keyboard-like keyboard with
`which it is easier to type, e.g., text messages. In the
`publication in question, the keyboard has been implemented 30
`by means of a touch display. However, as traditional mobile
`phones develop, especially as the user interface and displays
`develop further, also more advanced operations will be
`possible by a traditional mobile phone like device.
`Publication WO 94/23394 presents an electronic greeting 35
`card communication system, comprising an electronic mail
`server for a communicator having different types of greeting
`cards, which can be browsed and sent to a similar commu(cid:173)
`nicator, for example, by using radio communication. A
`drawback of the system is that the greeting cards in question 40
`can only be sent to a similar communicator. Therefore, the
`sender should kuow whether or not the receiver has a
`communicator supporting the greeting card communication
`system. In addition, for the implementation of the system, an
`off-line electronic mail server, for storing different types of
`greeting cards, should be separately connected to the net(cid:173)
`work for the service in question. Another drawback is that,
`because the system uses ordinary radio communication to
`transmit greeting cards, the telephone line of the communi(cid:173)
`cator is engaged during transmission. By means of the
`communicator, presented in the publication, graphic images
`including hand written text can be transmitted. The trans(cid:173)
`mission of such an image or a mere hand written message is
`quite slow due to the large amount of information. Publica(cid:173)
`tion WO 94/23394 only discusses the sending of information
`relating to one application or service, i.e. a greeting card
`application. As communicator-like devices have several
`different applications a problem arises of how to send and
`handle information in relation to different applications. In
`the WO publication a separate electronic mail server has
`been arranged for the specific greeting card service. How(cid:173)
`ever, providing a separate electronic mail server for each
`application of a communicator would lead to a rather
`complicated and expensive solution. And even then one
`would face the problem of how to handle information
`relating to different services in the terminal device, e.g. in
`the communicator.
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0012
`
`

`

`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
`4
`FIG. 6 illustrates one application according to the present
`invention,
`FIG. 7 illustrates another application,
`FIG. 8 illustrates the transmission of the application
`related information, illustrated in FIG. 7, from the system's
`viewpoint,
`FIG. 9 illustrates the implementation of the terminal
`according to the present invention,
`FIG. 10 illustrates in sequence the function of one appli-
`10 cation in the terminal according to the invention,
`FIG. 11 illustrates in sequence the function of one appli(cid:173)
`cation in the terminal according to the invention, and
`Appendix 1 illustrates the application related information,
`illustrated in FIG. 7, presented in characters.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`3
`information may be such that it is not possible for the user
`to modify it, only to request the service provider to modify
`it. The information readily printed in the application can also
`be transmitted. An application type identifier or header is
`preferably added to the transmission, so that a receiving
`terminal identifies the short message as not an ordinary short
`message, but as a short message containing information
`relating to and intended for a specific application. The
`identifier can be a code in an address or a control field of the
`short message, or it can be a code in the message part of the
`short message. Because it has been realised that the short
`message service, already existing in the mobile station
`system, can be utilised for sending information on applica(cid:173)
`tions, the advantages are, e.g., that there is no need to
`establish an off-line server for sending the application 15
`related information, such as, for example, in the system
`presented in Publication WO 94/23394. Especially advan(cid:173)
`tageous is that one and the same server, i.e. the SMS server
`(the Short Message Service Centre SM-SC) can be used for
`sending and forwarding information relating to any appli- 20
`cation, so there is no need to have separate servers for each
`application. The SMS server will forward any short message
`and the terminal will address the information to the correct
`application according to the header or identifier in the
`message. And since a short message can be sent simulta- 25
`neously with a circuit-coupled connection, the sending of
`the application related information does not engage the
`terminal's communication line, e.g., in case of a simulta(cid:173)
`neously incoming call. A network like the GSM network is
`maintained by several operators and usually each operator
`has at least one SMS server of their own. In this case
`naturally any SMS server or several servers may be used for
`the invention.
`A terminal according to the present invention is wherein
`it comprises means for receiving user messages having data 35
`and a header relating to one of said applications and means
`for addressing the data to a respective application according
`to said header. Another terminal according to the present
`invention is wherein it comprises means for sending data
`relating to one of said applications in a user message and 40
`means for adding a header to the user message, the header
`indicating the respective application that the data relates to.
`Correspondingly, a system according to the present inven(cid:173)
`tion is wherein the transmitting terminals comprise means
`for sending data relating to one of said applications in a user 45
`message and means for adding a header to the user message,
`the header indicating the respective application that the data
`relates to, and the receiving terminals comprise means for
`receiving user messages having data and a header relating to
`one of said applications and means for addressing the data 50
`to a respective application according to said header.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`In following the invention will be explained in more detail
`by using as an example one form of user message function,
`the short message service. For understanding the invention
`prior art relating to short messages will first be described by
`referring to FIGS. 1-5, and the embodiments of the present
`invention will be explained by referring to FIGS. 6-11, and
`to Appendix 1.
`In digital mobile communications systems, as in the GSM
`system, it is possible to send so-called short messages. In the
`GSM system, this is known as the SMS (Short Message
`Service). Thus, in addition to telephone calls and data
`transfer, the GSM system also provides, in the form of a
`30 short message service, a paging system-like service. How(cid:173)
`ever, the short message service known from the GSM system
`is considerably more advanced than an ordinary paging
`system. By means of a mobile station, text messages can be
`both received from and transmitted to another mobile sta-
`tion. One of the advantages of the short message service of
`the GSM system is also that the short message can be sent
`or received at the same time as an ordinary circuit-coupled
`communication is open, e.g., during a call. Thus, the sending
`of a short message does not keep the mobile station engaged
`in case of a possible incoming call.
`The advantage of short messages as compared to tele(cid:173)
`phone calls is that they can be sent to a receiver although the
`receiver cannot be contacted at the time the message is being
`transmitted. This has been implemented by dividing the
`transmission of the short message, from a first mobile station
`to a second mobile station, into two parts as illustrated in
`FIG. 1: from a transmitting mobile station MS1 to a SM-SC
`(Short Message Service Centre), wherein the short message
`is stored and sent further to the actual destination, i.e., to a
`receiving mobile station MS2, as soon as contacted. In FIG.
`2, the connection of the short message service centre SM-SC
`to a mobile station system has been illustrated in more detail.
`Below, the transmission and flow of short messages between
`different interfaces, known for prior art, will be discussed by
`55 referring to FIGS. 1-5.
`The structure of a mobile station system and connections
`for transmitting short messages are illustrated in FIG. 2.
`Mobile stations MS are connected to base stations BTS by
`means of radio communication. The base stations BTS are
`60 further connected, through a so-called Abis interface, to a
`base station controller BSC, which controls and manages
`several base stations. The entity formed by a number of base
`stations BTS (typically, by a few dozen base stations) and a
`single base station controller BSC, controlling the base
`stations, is called a base station system BSS. Particularly, the
`base station controller BSC manages radio communication
`channels and handovers. On the other hand, the base station
`
`The invention will be discussed below in detail by refer(cid:173)
`ring to the enclosed drawings and appendices, in which
`FIG. 1 illustrates the flow of a short message from one
`mobile station to another,
`FIG. 2 illustrates connections of a mobile station system
`to a short message service centre,
`FIG. 3 illustrates a user interface of an ordinary mobile
`phone,
`FIG. 4a illustrates segmenting of a message into frames in
`transmission,
`FIG. 4b illustrates reconstruction of a message in recep- 65
`tion,
`FIG. 5 illustrates a frame of a short message,
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1075-0013
`
`

`

`US 7,088,990 Bl
`
`5
`controller BSC is connected, through a so-called A interface,
`to a mobile services switching centre MSC, which co(cid:173)
`ordinates the formation of connections both from and to
`mobile stations. A further connection is made, through the
`mobile service switching centre MSC, to outside the mobile
`communications network. The aforementioned short mes(cid:173)
`sage service centre SM-SC is coupled to the mobile services
`switching centre MSC.
`When a user wants to send a short message by means of
`the mobile station MSl (FIG. 1), he/she writes a message to
`be transmitted (using a user interface of th