US008565346B2
`
`(12) Ulllted States Patent
`Yu et al.
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`*Oct. 22, 2013
`
`(54) APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND
`RECEIVING DATA TO PROVIDE
`HIGH-SPEED DATA COMMUNICATION AND
`METHOD THEREOF
`
`(75) Inventors: flee-Jung Yu’ Daejon (KR); Taehyun
`Jeon, Sungnam (KR); Myung-Soon
`Kim, Daejeon (KR); Eun-Young Choi,
`Daejeon (KR); Sok-kyu Lee, Daejeon
`(KR); Dellk-Sll Lyu, DaejeOn (KR)
`
`(52) US. Cl.
`USPC ......... .. 375/299; 375/267; 375/260; 455/101;
`370/240
`
`(58) Field of Classi?cation Search
`USPC .......... .. 375/299 267 260' 455/101' 370/240
`See application ?le for complete search histgry
`'
`
`56
`(
`)
`
`Ct d
`R f
`e erences l e
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(73) Assignee: Electronics and Telecommuncations
`Research Institute DaeJ-eon (KR)
`’
`sutbletclto altly ‘3531mm? thte germgftglz
`pa en 15 ex en e or a Jus e un er
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`_
`
`( * ) Nome"
`
`3/2005 Gummadi et a1. ....... .. 455/226.1
`2005/0054313 A1 *
`7/2005 Aoki et al.
`370/334
`2005/0163081 A1 *
`2005/0233709 A1* 10/2005 Gardner et a1.
`455/101
`2005/0276347 A1* 12/2005 Mujtaba et al. ............. .. 375/299
`2005/0288062 A1 * 12/2005 Hammerschmidt
`etal‘ """""""""""" " 455/562‘1
`2006/0002487 Al* 1/2006 Kriedte etal. .............. .. 375/267
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Yu, “ETRI proposal speci?cation for IEEE 802.11” TGn. Aug. 13,
`2004*
`
`(Continued)
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`
`(21) Appl. N0.: 13/355,230
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jan. 20, 2012
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`Us 2012/0121040 A1
`May 17 2012
`
`Primary Examiner * Juan A Torres
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm * Hunton & Williams, LLP
`
`Related US. Application Data
`.
`.
`.
`.
`(63) ilolmiguagglnooilaogglgincglloNg' 1132 68806561 15112510:
`colitinu’ation O’f application NO ’ 12/4101 £93 ?led on
`Mar 10 2009 HOW Pat NO 782 968 which is a
`continuétion 0% application NO_ ,1 1/7’67 7,97 ?led on
`Jun 25 2007 HOW Pat NO_ 7 53 5 968_ s
`s
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Dec. 23, 2004 (KR) ...................... .. 10-2004-0111065
`Feb. 11, 2005 (WO) .............. .. PCT/KR2005/0003 93
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`H04L 27/00
`
`(2006.01)
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`1n the present invention, data generated from a source unit are
`distributed to at least one bandwidth; the data distributed to
`the respective bandwidths are encoded in order to perform an
`error correction; the encoded data are distributed to at least
`one antenna; a subcarrier is allocated to the data distributed to
`the respective antennas, and an inverse Fourier transform is
`performed; a short preamble and a ?rst long preamble corre
`sponding to the subcarrier are generated; a signal symbol is
`generated according to a data transmit mode; and a frame is
`generated by adding a second long preamble betWeen the
`signal symbol and a data ?eld for the purpose of estimating a
`channel of a subcarrier Which is not used.
`
`48 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
`
`201
`/
`
`202
`/
`
`2031
`/
`__ ScranbIer/convol ut ion
`encoder (1)
`
`204
`/
`
`205
`/
`
`Bandwidth
`Source
`unit *distribulor
`
`5
`I
`
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`
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`encoder (L)
`
`2301 -230M
`/
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`generator
`
`207/
`
`2111
`2911
`2101
`2091
`205/1 PIIM unit 1 2001
`RF
`Frame
`0P
`(U64)
`Sibcarrier
`tram-it
`generator
`allocator ~>|FFT unit~> adder
`unit. (1)
`(.1)
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`allocator -> IFFT unit» adder -> neneralcr - transmit
`_’ (l)
`(I)
`(II)
`(II)
`unit (II) _J ““ "
`
`‘ '
`distributor
`
`Channel
`212/ (ll inputs)
`(N outputs)
`
`HUAWEI EXHIBIT 1016
`HUAWEI VS. SPH
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`000001
`
`

`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Liu, J ., et al. A Mimo System with Backward Compatibility for
`OFDM Based WLANS, 4th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing
`Advance in Wireless Communications, pp. 130-134, dated 2003.
`Larsson, E. G. et al., Preamble Design for Multiple-Antenna OFDM
`Based WLANs With Null Subcarriers, IEEE Signal Processing Let
`ters, pp. 286-288 V0. 8, No. 11, Nov. 2001.
`
`Information TechnologyiTelecommunications and information
`exchange between systemsiLocal and metropolitan area net
`worksiSpeci?c requirementsiPart 11: Wireless LAN Medium
`Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) speci?cations
`Amendment 1: High-speed Physical Layer in the 5 GHZ band, pp. 40
`International Standard ISO/IEC 8802-11;1999/Amd 1:2000(E).
`Mujtaba, Syed Aon et al.; TGn Sync Proposal Technical Speci?ca
`tion; Nov. 4, 2004; pp. 1-143; Agere Systems; Allentown, Pennsyl
`vania.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`HUAWEI EXHIBIT 1016
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`Oct. 22, 2013
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`Oct. 22, 2013
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`US. Patent
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`0a. 22, 2013
`
`Sheet 8 of9
`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`
`Fig. 8
`
`Data distribution to bandwidths
`i
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`HUAWEI VS. SPH
`
`000010
`
`

`
`US. Patent
`
`0a. 22, 2013
`
`Sheet 9 of9
`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`
`Fig. 9
`
`lni t Ial synchronization
`}
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`HUAWEI EXHIBIT 1016
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`000011
`
`

`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`
`1
`APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND
`RECEIVING DATA TO PROVIDE
`HIGH-SPEED DATA COMMUNICATION AND
`METHOD THEREOF
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a continuation of US. patent applica
`tion Ser. No. 12/805,117, ?led on Jul. 13, 2010, Which is a
`continuation of US. patent application Ser. No. 12/401,293,
`?led on Mar. 10, 2009 and issued as US. Pat. No. 7,782,968,
`Which is a continuation of US. patent application Ser. No.
`11/767,797, ?led on Jun. 25, 2007 and issued as US. Pat. No.
`7,535,968, and claims priority to International Application
`PCT/KR2005/000393, ?led on Feb. 11, 2005, and Korean
`Application No. 10-2004-0111065, ?led on Dec. 23, 2004,
`the disclosures of all of Which are hereby incorporated by
`reference.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to an apparatus for transmit
`ting and receiving data in radio data communication. More
`speci?cally, the present invention relates to an apparatus com
`patible With a conventional Wireless local area network com
`munication system, for transmitting and receiving data in
`high-speed and a method thereof. In addition, the present
`invention relates to a Wireless communication system for
`increasing data rates from 54 Mbps Which has been a maxi
`mum data rate in the conventional Wireless local area network
`communication system, to hundreds of Mbps.
`2. Description of the Related Art
`In the conventional IEEE 802.11a Wireless local area net
`Work (LAN) system using an orthogonal frequency division
`multiplexing method, a 20 MHZ bandWidth is divided into 64
`subcarriers, and 52 subcarriers of the 64 subcarriers are used
`to transmit data and pilot symbols. That is, the data are trans
`mitted at a maximum speed of 54 Mbps by using a single
`antenna and the 20 MHZ bandWidth.
`The present invention provides an apparatus for transmit
`ting and receiving data While being compatible With the con
`ventional IEEE 802.11a orthogonal frequency division mul
`tiplexing (OFDM) method. The apparatus uses multiple
`antennas and a plurality of 20 MHZ bandWidths to achieve a
`high data rate.
`In response to the demand for high-speed multimedia data
`transmission, various practical applications requesting more
`than 100 Mbps throughput have been being developed. HoW
`ever, even the Wireless LAN system having the greatest
`throughput of the current Wireless communication systems
`does not offer over 25 Mbps of throughputs. Therefore the
`present invention suggests a system offering a data rate Which
`is four times as fast as the conventional IEEE 802.11a system,
`or more.
`In detail, the present invention suggests a con?guration in
`Which a number of antennas and bandWidths are systemati
`cally controlled and a maximum data rate is controlled
`according to characteristics of a system. The present inven
`tion also suggests a method for providing compatibility With
`the conventional system.
`FIG. 1 shoWs a block diagram for representing a system for
`transmitting and receiving data in the conventional Wireless
`LAN.
`In the conventional IEEE 802.1 1a system shoWn in FIG. 1,
`20 MHZ bandWidth is divided into 64 subcarriers. Among the
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`2
`64 subcarriers, 48 subcarriers are used for data transmission 4
`subcarriers are used for pilot symbol transmission, and a DC
`subcarrier and the other 11 subcarriers are not used.
`A convolutional code having 1/2, 2/3, and 3A code rates,
`binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, quaternary
`phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, 16 quadrature ampli
`tude modulation (QAM) modulation, and 64 quadrature
`amplitude modulation (QAM) are used to transmit the data.
`In the system shoWn in FIG. 1, When a source unit 101
`generates binary data, the binary data are provided to a scram
`bler 102 for randomiZing a permutation of the binary data.
`A convolution encoder 103 performs channel encoding
`according to a code rate and a modulation determined by a
`desired data rate, and a mapper 105 performs modulation to
`map the previous data permutation on a complex symbol
`permutation.
`An interleaver 104 provided betWeen the convolution
`encoder 103 and the mapper 105 interleaves the data permu
`tation according to a predetermined rule. The mapper 105
`establishes the complex number permutation to be a group of
`48, and a subcarrier allocator 107 forms 48 data components
`and 4 pilot components from pilot unit 106.
`A 64 inverse fast Fourier transform (64-IFFT) unit 108
`performs an inverse fast Fourier transform on the 48 data and
`4 pilot components to form an OFDM symbol.
`A cyclic pre?x adder 109 adds a cyclic pre?x Which is a
`guard interval to the OFDM symbol.
`A radio frequency (RF) transmit unit 110 transmits a trans
`mission frame formed by the above con?guration on a carrier
`frequency. An RF receive unit 112 receives the transmission
`signal (the transmission frame transmitted on the carrier fre
`quency) through a radio channel 111. The radio channel 111
`includes a multi-path fading channel and Gaussian noise
`added from a receive terminal.
`The RF receive unit 1 12 of the receive terminal receives the
`distorted signal passing through the radio channel 111, and
`doWn-converts the signal transmitted on the carrier frequency
`to a base band signal in an opposite manner executed by the
`RF transmit unit 110 of the transmit terminal.
`A cyclic pre?x eliminator 113 eliminates the cyclic pre?x
`added in a transmitter. A 64 fast Fourier transform (64-FFT)
`unit 114 converts a received OFDM symbol into a signal of a
`frequency domain by performing an FFT operation.
`A subcarrier extractor 115 transmits the 48 complex sym
`bols corresponding to the data subcarrier among 64 outputs to
`an equaliZing and tracking unit 117, and transmits the 4
`subcarriers corresponding to the pilot to an equaliZing and
`tracking parameter estimator 116.
`The equaliZing and tracking parameter estimator 116 esti
`mates a phase change caused by frequency and time errors by
`using the knoWn symbols, and transmits an estimation result
`to the equaliZing and tracking unit 117.
`The equaliZing and tracking unit 117 uses the above esti
`mation result to perform a tracking operation. The equaliZing
`and tracking unit 117 also performs a frequency domain
`channel equaliZation operation for equaliZing channel distor
`tion in the frequency domain in addition to the tracking pro
`cess.
`A demapper 118 performs a hard decision operation for
`converting the output complex number after the channel
`equaliZing and tracking operation into the binary data, or
`performs a soft decision for converting the output complex
`number into a real number. A deinterleaver 119 deinterleaves
`the data in an inverse process of the interleaver 104, and a
`Viterbi decoder 120 performs decoding of the convolution
`code to correct errors and restore the transmitted data.
`
`HUAWEI EXHIBIT 1016
`HUAWEI VS. SPH
`
`000012
`
`

`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`
`3
`A descrambler 121 randomiZes the data transmitted from
`the source unit in a like manner of the scrambler 102 and
`transmits the received data to a sink unit 122.
`The conventional Wireless LAN system shoWn in FIG. 1
`has limits of data rate and throughput, and therefore the
`system is dif?cult to apply to a service requiring a high data
`rate such as a high quality moving picture service.
`Systems using multiple bandWidths and antennas to pro
`vide a high speed data rate have previously not been compat
`ible With the conventional transmitting and receiving system.
`Accordingly, the present invention provides an apparatus
`for transmitting and receiving for providing compatibility
`With the conventional Wireless communication system, and
`the high speed data rate and a method thereof.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`Technical Problem
`
`The present invention provides a data transmitting and
`receiving device to provide a high data rate and compatibility
`With the conventional Wireless communication system, and a
`method thereof.
`
`20
`
`Technical Solution
`
`25
`
`4
`The scrambler is coupled betWeen the bandWidth distribu
`tor and the encoder and performs a scrambling operation. The
`interleaver is coupled betWeen the encoder and the mapper
`and performs an interleaving operation. The cyclic pre?x
`adder adds a cyclic pre?x to an inverse-Fourier-transformed
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal.
`The RF transmit unit transmits the frame through a radio
`channel. The antenna distributor distributes the mapped sym
`bols to antennas or encodes STBC.
`The present invention discloses a data receiving device
`including an RF receiving unit, a channel mixer, an initial
`synchroniZer, a Fourier transforming unit, a signal symbol
`demodulator, a channel estimator, and a detector.
`The RF receiving unit receives a frame through a radio
`channel. The channel mixer performs a channel mixing
`operation in order to extract a 20 MHZ short preamble and a
`20 MHZ ?rst long preamble from the received frame. The
`initial synchroniZer performs an initial synchronizing opera
`tion by using the extracted short preamble and ?rst long
`preamble. The Fourier transforming unit performs a Fourier
`transforming operation of the frame. The signal symbol
`demodulator demodulates a signal symbol and demodulates
`information on a transmit mode. The channel estimator per
`forms a ?rst channel estimation by using the ?rst long pre
`amble, and performs a second channel estimation by using a
`second long preamble transmitting after the signal symbol
`When the information on the transmit mode is a MIMO
`OFDM transmit mode. The detector detects a complex num
`ber symbol corresponding to the data With reference to the
`estimated channel and demodulated signal symbol. We detect
`a transmit mode identi?er established in the signal symbol,
`and determine Whether the transmit mode is a single antenna
`transmit mode or a MIMO-OFDM transmit mode.
`The channel estimator uses the second long preamble to
`perform the second channel estimation of a subcarrier Which
`is not used by a ?rst antenna.
`The data receiving device further includes a cyclic pre?x
`eliminator, a subcarrier extractor, a demapper, a deinterleaver,
`and an error correction decoder.
`The cyclic pre?x eliminator eliminates a cyclic pre?x of
`the signal received from the RF receiving unit. The subcarrier
`extractor extracts subcarriers from the Fourier-transformed
`signal and combines the subcarriers. The demapper performs
`demapping of the signal demodulated to the complex number
`signal into a binary data signal. The deinterleaver performs
`deinterleaving of the demapped signal. The error correction
`decoder performs an error correction decoding operation on
`the deinterleaved signal. The detector is a SDM detector or a
`STBC decoder.
`
`Advantageous Effect
`
`According to the present invention, an increased data rate is
`provided by using multiple bandWidths and antennas in a
`Wireless communication system.
`Because of compatibility With the conventional system, the
`increased data rate is provided Without modifying the existing
`device and design.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 shoWs a block diagram for representing a conven
`tional transmitting and receiving system in the Wireless LAN.
`FIG. 2 shoWs a block diagram for representing a con?gu
`ration of a transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment
`of the present invention.
`
`The present invention provides a data transmitting and
`receiving device to provide a high data rate and compatibility
`With the conventional Wireless communication system, and a
`method thereof.
`The present invention discloses a data transmitting device
`including a bandWidth distributor, an encoder, a mapper, an
`antenna distributor, a subcarrier allocator, an inverse Fourier
`transform unit, a preamble generator, and a frame generator.
`The bandWidth distributor distributes data generated in a
`source unit to at least one bandWidth. The encoder performs
`encoding of the distributed data in order to perform error
`correction of the data. The mapper performs mapping of the
`encoded data into a complex number symbol. The antenna
`distributor distributes the complex number symbol to at least
`one antenna. The subcarrier allocator allocates a subcarrier
`for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to the distrib
`uted complex number symbol. The inverse Fourier transform
`unit performs an inverse Fourier transform of the OFDM
`signal to Which the subcarrier is allocated. The preamble
`generator generates a short preamble, a ?rst long preamble,
`and a second long preamble of the subcarrier. The frame
`generator generates frames in an order of the short preamble,
`the ?rst long preamble, a signal symbol, the second long
`preamble, and a data ?eld. At this time, one of the ?rst long
`preambles of a second antenna may be used for the second
`long preamble in order to perform a channel estimation of a
`subcarrier Which is not used by a ?rst antenna When tWo or
`more antennas are used.
`The signal symbol generated by the frame generator com
`prises a transmit mode identi?er for determining Whether a
`transmit mode is a single antenna transmit mode or a mul
`tiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) mode.
`The transmit mode identi?er uses an R4 bit of the signal
`symbols in a frame of IEEE 802.1la.
`A reserved bit of the signal symbol is used as a bit for
`determining Whether the transmit mode uses a spatial division
`multiplexing (SDM) method or a space-time block code
`(STBC) method.
`The data transmitting device according to the exemplary
`embodiment of the present invention further includes a
`scrambler, an interleaver, a cyclic pre?x adder, and an RE
`transmit unit.
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`HUAWEI EXHIBIT 1016
`HUAWEI VS. SPH
`
`000013
`
`

`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`
`5
`FIG. 3 shows a block diagram for representing a con?gu
`ration of a receiver according to the exemplary embodiment
`of the present invention.
`FIG. 4 shoWs an OFDM subcarrier allocation method sup
`porting a single bandWidth and an OFDM subcarrier alloca
`tion method for supporting multiplex bandwidths.
`FIG. 5 shoWs a diagram for representing the IEEE 802.1 1a
`frame con?guration.
`FIG. 6 shoWs a diagram for representing the frame con
`?guration according to an exemplary embodiment of the
`present invention.
`FIG. 7 shoWs a block diagram for representing a con?gu
`ration for initial synchronization of the receiver according to
`an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
`FIG. 8 shoWs a How chart for representing a method for
`transmitting the data according to an exemplary embodiment
`of the present invention.
`FIG. 9 shoWs a How chart for representing a method for
`receiving the data according to an exemplary embodiment of
`the present invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`
`In the folloWing detailed description, only the preferred
`embodiment of the invention has been shoWn and described,
`simply by Way of illustration of the best mode contemplated
`by the inventor(s) of carrying out the invention. As Will be
`realiZed, the invention is capable of modi?cation in various
`obvious respects, all Without departing from the invention.
`Accordingly, the draWings and description are to be regarded
`as illustrative in nature, and not restrictive. To clarify the
`present invention, parts Which are not described in the speci
`?cation are omitted, and parts for Which same descriptions are
`provided have the same reference numerals.
`While this invention is described in connection With What
`is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred
`embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not
`limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is
`intended to cover various modi?cations and equivalent
`arrangements included Within the spirit and scope of the
`appended claims.
`FIG. 2 shoWs a block diagram for representing a con?gu
`ration of a transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment
`of the present invention.
`The transmitter includes a source unit 201, a bandWidth
`distributor 202, scrambler/convolution encoders 2031 to
`203L, an interleaver 204, a mapper 205, a pilot unit 206, an
`antenna distributor 207, subcarrier allocators 2081 to 208M,
`IFFT units 2091 to 209M, cyclic pre?x adders 2101 to 210M,
`preamble generators 2301 to 230M, frame generators 2311 to
`231M, and RF transmit units 2111 to 211M.
`When binary data generated in the source unit 201 are
`transmitted to the bandWidth distributor 202, the bandWidth
`distributor 202 distributes the binary data to L bandWidths
`according to a number (L) of 20 MHZ bandWidths to be used
`in the band distributor 202.
`The scrambler/convolution encoders 2031 to 203L per
`form scrambling and convolutional code encoding operations
`for the respective bandWidths.
`The interleaver 204 receives the convolutionally encoded
`data. At this time, tWo types of interleavers 204 are available.
`One interleaver performs interleaving of each OFDM symbol
`of the respective bandWidths in a like manner of the scram
`bler/ convolution encoders 2031 to 203L, and the other inter
`leaver performs interleaving of the L number of OFDM sym
`bols in every bandWidth. The former interleaver is simple and
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`easy to understand, and the latter interleaver is complex to be
`realiZed and it is expected to obtain performance gain due to
`diversity gain.
`The mapper 205 converts the binary data into complex
`symbols. The converted complex symbols are distributed to
`M number of transmit antennas by the antenna distributor
`207. The subcarrier allocators 2081 to 208M use pilot sym
`bols from the pilot unit 206 and the distributed data complex
`symbols in order to allocate subcarriers for OFDM modula
`tion. Allocation of the subcarriers Will be described later.
`Frequency domain OFDM symbols corresponding to the
`allocated M number of the transmit antennas are inverse
`Fourier-transformed into time domain OFDM symbols by the
`(L*64)-IFFT units 2091 to 209M. The cyclic pre?x adders
`2101 to 210M add cyclic pre?xes corresponding to the
`OFDM symbols of each path.
`The frame generators 2311 to 231M generate proper
`frames for a system shoWn in FIG. 2. Similar to the conven
`tional IEEE 802.11a frame con?guration, a frame con?gura
`tion according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
`invention includes a short preamble, a ?rst long preamble, a
`signal symbol, and data. In addition, the frame con?guration
`includes a second long preamble in the preamble generators
`2301 to 230M. The second long preamble is a long preamble
`having been used in another antenna, and multiple-input/
`multiple-output (MIMO) channel estimation on the subcarri
`ers is performed by the second long preamble.
`The preamble generators 2301 to 230M generate the short
`preamble, the ?rst long preamble, and the second long pre
`amble, and provide the same to the frame generators 2311 to
`231M.
`The frame used in the exemplary embodiment of the
`present invention Will be described later.
`FIG. 3 shoWs a block diagram for representing a receiver
`according to the exemplary embodiment of the present inven
`tion.
`The receiver shoWn in FIG. 3 performs an inverse operation
`on the signal transmitted from the transmitter shoWn in FIG.
`2.
`The signal transmitted through the channel 212 from the
`transmitter is received by N number of receive antennas in N
`number of RF receive units 2131 to 213N. The received signal
`is restored to a transmit signal While passing through cyclic
`pre?x eliminators 2141 to 214N, (L*64) FFT units 2151 to
`215N, subcarrier extractors 2161 to 216N, a channel and
`tracking parameter estimation unit 217, an MIMO detector
`218, a demapper 219, a deinterleaver 220, descrambler/Vit
`erbi decoders 2211 to 221L, and a bandWidth combining unit
`222, and data are transmitted to a sink unit 223.
`A demodulation process of the receiver shoWn in FIG. 3 is
`similar to that of the receiver shoWn in FIG. 1. HoWever, the
`channel estimation unit 217 in the receiver shoWn in FIG. 3
`estimates the MIMO channel, Which is different from the
`system shoWn in FIG. 1. In addition, the equalizing unit 117
`shoWn in FIG. 1 is substituted to the MIMO detector 218 in
`the system shoWn in FIG. 3. A con?guration of the deinter
`leaver has to be changed according to a varied con?guration
`of the interleaver.
`The bandWidth combining unit 222 added in the system
`shoWn in FIG. 3 performs an inverse operation of the band
`Width distributor 202 of the transmitter shoWn in FIG. 2.
`While the (L*64) IFFT and (L*64) FFT are used in FIG. 2
`and FIG. 3, L number of 64 FFTs and 64 IFFTs may be used,
`and one (L*64) IFFT and one (L*64) FFT may be also used.
`These modi?cations are apparent to those skilled in the art.
`FIG. 3 shoWs a receiving and demodulating con?guration
`in correspondence to the MIMO transmitter shoWn in FIG. 2,
`
`HUAWEI EXHIBIT 1016
`HUAWEI VS. SPH
`
`000014
`
`

`
`US 8,565,346 B2
`
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`and a con?guration of the receiver for performing initial
`synchronization and channel estimation Will be described
`later.
`In FIG. 2, a spatial division multiplexing (SDM) method
`for increasing the data rate by using the multiple transmit/
`receive antennas has been described.
`The SDM method, one of the MIMO methods, increases
`the data rate by transmitting independent data via the respec
`tive transmit antennas.
`When a system is designed for the purpose of broadening a
`service area and increasing a signal to noise ratio (SNR)
`rather than for increasing the data rate, a space-time block
`code (STBC) for achieving the diversity gain may be applied
`to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
`When the STBC is applied in the exemplary embodiment
`of the present invention, the antenna distributor 207 is sub
`stituted for an STBC encoder, and the MIMO detector 218 is
`substituted for an STBC decoder.
`For convenience of description, a system including tWo
`transmit antennas and tWo bandWidths Will be exempli?ed to
`describe the frame con?guration of the exemplary embodi
`ment of the present invention. That is, L is 2 and M is 2 in the
`system shoWn in FIG. 2. The conventional frame con?gura
`tion and OFDM symbol con?guration are used in the exem
`plary embodiment of the present invention for the purpose of
`providing compatibility With the existing IEEE 802.11a sys
`tem.
`As to the OFDM symbol con?guration, a 40 MHZ band
`Width is divided into 128 subcarriers Which are generated by
`combining tWo 20 MHZ bandWidths each of Which is divided
`into 64 subcarriers in the prior art in the exemplary embodi
`ment of the present invention. Accordingly, 128-IFFT is used
`to perform the OFDM modulation in 20 MHZ and 40 MHZ
`bandWidths.
`FIG. 4 shoWs an OFDM subcarrier allocation method sup
`porting a single bandWidth and an OFDM subcarrier alloca
`tion method for supporting multiplex bandWidths.
`A subcarrier allocation con?guration (a) is formed When a
`signal is transmitted by a single antenna and a single band
`Width in the conventional IEEE 802.11a. The con?guration
`(b) according to the exemplary embodiment of the present
`invention corresponds to that of the conventional IEEE
`802.11a When a signal ?lls a desired bandWidth, 0 ?lls other
`bandWidths, and the signal is transmitted through the single
`antenna.
`That is, the data and pilot are allocated in 52 subcarriers
`betWeen 0 and 63, and 0’ s are ?lled betWeen —64 and —1 When
`one side bandWidth having a loWer frequency is used in a
`signal con?guration (b) using the tWo bandWidths of the
`subcarrier allocation con?guration shoWn in FIG. 4. Accord
`ingly, the system according to the exemplary embodiment of
`the present invention is compatible With the conventional
`IEEE 802.11a system because the conventional frame con
`?guration is transmitted in the neW system.
`The frame con?guration according to the exemplary
`embodiment of the present invention Will be described.
`FIG. 5 shoWs a diagram for representing the IEEE 802.1 1a
`frame con?guration.
`The IEEE 802.11a frame con?guration shoWn in FIG. 5
`includes short preambles t1 to t10, long preambles T1 and T2,
`guard intervals G1 and G2, a signal symbol SIGNAL, and
`d