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`For Distn'bution Only With a New PC
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`Page 1 of 290
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`LG Electronics Exhibit 1003
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`Page 1 of 290
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`LG Electronics Exhibit 1003
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`

`

`TCP/IP
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`Microsoft. Windows NT” Server
`
`Version 3.5
`
`Microsoft Corporation
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`Page 2 of 290
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`

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`Information in this docu ment is subject to change without notice. Companies, names. and data user
`examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted. No part of this document may be reproduced
`transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechaniwi. for any purpose. wilhom the
`exprm written permission of Microsofi Corporation.
`
`to 1985-1994 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
`
`Microsoft. MS. MS-DOS. MSX. and Win32 are registered trademarks and Windows and Windows
`are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S.A. and other countries.
`
`Apple. AppleTatk, and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer. Inc.
`CompuServe is a registered trademark of CompuServe. Inc.
`Open VMS is a registered trademark and DEC and DECnet are trademarks of Digital Equipment
`Corporation.
`HP is a registered trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company.
`[BM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.
`Lotus and Lotus Notes are registered trademarks of lotus Development Corporation.
`Novell and thWare are registered trademarks of Novell. inc.
`NT is a trademark of Northern Telecom Limited in the U.S.A. and other countries.
`
`PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.
`Sun is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems. Inmrporated.
`UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX Systems Laboratories.
`
`003.A6430.EN112
`
`Page 3 of 290
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`

`

`ill
`
`Contents
`
`Welcome ......................................................... xl
`
`What's New in This Release? ......................................... xii
`
`How to Use This Manual ........................................... xiii
`
`Documentation Conventions ..................... _ .................... xv
`
`Finding More Information ............................................. xv
`
`Chapter 1 Overview ol Mlctoeoft TC PIIP for Windows NT .................... 1
`What Is TCP/IP for Windows NT? ....................................... 2
`
`What Does Microsoft TCP/IP Include? ................................... 3
`
`Windows NT Solutions in TCP/IP Intemetworks ........................... 7
`
`Using TCP/IP for Scalability in Windows Networks...................... 7
`
`Using TCP/IP for Connectivity to the Internet ........................... 8
`
`TCP/IP for Heterogeneous Networking ............... . ............... 10
`
`Using TCP/IP with Third-Parry Software ............................. [1
`
`lnstalllng and Configuring Microsoft
`Chapter 2
`TCPIIP and SNMP .................................................... 15
`
`Be fore Installing Microsoft TCP/IP .................................... 16
`
`Installing PCP/1P .................................................... 17
`
`Configuring T‘CP/IP .................................................. 20
`
`Using DI-ICP .................................................... 20
`
`Configuring TCP/IP Manually ...................................... 21
`
`Configuring TCP/IP to Use DNS ............................ . .......... 25
`
`Configuring Advanced 'ICP/IP Options .................................. 27
`
`Configuring SNMP ................................................. 30
`
`Configuring SNMP Security ....................................... 32
`
`Configuring SNMP Agent Information................................ 34
`
`Removing “PCP/1P Components ........................................ 35
`
`Configunng RAS for Use with TCP/IP .................................. 36
`
`Chapter 3 Networio‘ng Concepts for TCPI‘IP .............................. 37
`
`TCPIIP and Windows NT Networking................................... 38
`Internet Protocol Suite ................................................ 39
`
`Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol ................... 39
`
`User Datagram Protocol ........................................... 40
`
`Addms Resolution Protocol and Internet Control Message Protocol ........ 40
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`Content:
`
`ll’ Addressing ...................................................... 41
`IP Addresses .................................................... 41
`
`NenvorleandHostlD..
`
`i.
`
`wm42
`
`Subnet Masks ............................................. 43
`
`Routing and IP Gateways........................................... 44
`
`Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ................................ 46
`
`Name Resolution for Windows Networking ............................. 43
`NetBIOS over TCP/IP and Name Resolution .......................... 50
`
`B-Node ..................................................... 51
`
`P-Node .................................................... 51
`
`M-Node ...................................................... 52
`
`H-Node ...................................................... 52
`
`B-Node with LMHOSTS and Combinations ........................ 52
`
`Windows lntemet Name Service and Broadcast Name Resolution. .
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`. 53
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`WINS in a Routed Environment .................................. 53
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`WINS Name Registration ...................................... 58
`WINSNameRelease.,_____.i_i__i.i..r_u.u..
`...i.,.58
`
`WINS Name Renewal ......................................... 59
`
`IP Addressing for RAS.......................................... 60
`Name Resolution with Host Files .................................... 61
`
`Domain Name System Addressing ................................. 62
`SNMP ............................................................. 65
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Server: ....................... 57
`Chapter 4
`Overview of DHCP Clients and Sewers ................................. 68
`
`Installing DHCP Servers .............................................. 69
`
`Using DHCP Manager ..........................................
`
`.
`
`.
`
`A 70
`
`Defining DHCP Scopes ............................................. 72
`
`Creating Scopes .................................................. 73
`
`Changing Scope Properties ......................................... 75
`
`Removing 2 Scope ................................................ 75
`
`Configuring DHCP Options ........................................... 75
`
`Assigning DHCP Configuration Options .............................. 76
`
`Creating New DHCP Options ....................................... 78
`
`Changing DHCP Option Values ..................................... 80
`
`Defining Options for Reservations ................................... 8t
`
`Predefined DHCP Client Configuration Options ........................ 82
`
`Administering DHCP Clients .......................................... 87
`
`Managing Client Leases........................................... 88
`
`Managing Client Reservations....................................... 39
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` content! to
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`Managing the DHCP Database Files ................................... 91
`
`Troubleshooting DHCP ............................................... 92
`
`Restoring the DHCP Database ................................... 93
`
`Backing up the DHCP Database onto Another Computer ............... 93
`
`AdvancedConfigurationParametersforDl-ICP.,.......A.i._..........
`
`., 94
`
`Registry Parameters DHCP Sewers ................................ 95
`
`Registry Parameters for DHCP Clients ............................. 97
`
`Guidelines for Setting Local Policies .................................... 97
`
`Guidelines for Managing DHCP Addressing Policy .................... 97
`
`Dynamic Allocation of IP Addresses .............................. 97
`Manual Allocation of 1P Addresses ................................ 99
`
`Guidelines for Lease Options ................. , ..................... 99
`
`Guidelines for Partitioning the Address Pool ......................... 100
`
`Guidelines for Avoiding DNS Naming Conflicts. .
`
`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`A
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`. ....... , .. 100
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`Using DHCP with Diskiess Workstations ..................
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`Planning a Strategy for DHCP ....................................
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`,
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`,
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`. 101
`
`101
`
`Planning a Small-Scale Strategy for DHCP Sewers. r 1.
`
`.
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`. .r .
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`.
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`.
`
`. .. . .. 102
`
`Planning a Large-Scale Strategy for DHCP Servers .................... 103
`
`installing and Configuring WINS Servers ...................... 105
`Chapter 5
`WWSBenefits,.... ......................................
`..... 106
`
`installing WINS Servers ............................................. 106
`
`Administering WINS Servers ......................................... 107
`
`ConfiguringWINSSen/ersandReplicationPartners..A... .
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`. .. .
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`.
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`112
`
`Configuring WINS Servers ........................................ 113
`
`Coufiguring Replication Partners ................................... 116
`
`Configuring Replication Partner Properties .
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`TriggeringReplicau‘onBetweenPartners.....mr.....
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`.
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`,
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`. 118
`
`[20
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`Managing Static Mappings ........................................... 120
`
`Adding Static Mappings .......................................... 122
`
`Editing Static Mappings .......................................... 124
`
`Filtering the Range of Mappings .................................... 125
`
`Managing Special Names ......................................... 126
`
`Normal Group Names ............. _ ttttttttttttttt _ ........... 126
`Multiliomed Names ........................................... 126
`
`internet Group Names ......................................... 126
`
`How WINS Handles Special Names ............................. 127
`
`Setting Preferences for WINS Manager. . ... .
`
`A
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`A
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`A
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`.. 129
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`Page 6 of 290
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`Managing the WINS Database .......................................
`
`132
`
`Scavenging the Database ......................................... 132
`
`Viewing the WINS Database .................................. 134
`
`Backing Up the Database........................................ 136
`
`TroubleshootingWINS.....
`
`r.
`
`BasicWINSTroubleshooting..,.........,.,.........
`
`,.
`
`137
`
`.. I37
`
`Restoring or Moving the WINS Database ............................ 139
`
`Restoring a WINS Database ................. . .................. 139
`
`Restaning and Rebuilding a Down WINS Server
`
`.
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`.
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`_
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`. 139
`
`MovingtherNSDatabase.
`140
`Advanced Configuration Parameters for WINS......................... 141
`RegistryParameterstorWlNSServers........
`,.
`142
`
`Registry Parameters for Replimtion Partners. .
`Parameters for Push Partners... .
`.....
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`. I43
`.
`... I43
`
`ParametersforPullPartners.......................144
`
`Planning a Strategy for WINS Servers .................................. 145
`
`Planning for Server Performance................................... 145
`
`Planning Replication Partners and Proxies ............................ 145
`
`Planning Replimtion Frequency Between Hubs ........................ 14-6
`
`Chapters Setting Up LMHOSTS ...................................... 147
`
`Editing the LMI-IOSTS File ......................................... 148
`Rules for LMHOSTS ............................................. 148
`
`GuidelincsforLMHOSTS.
`..150
`Using LMHOSTS with Dynamic Name Resolution ....................... 151
`Specifying Remote Serverstn LMHOSTS ........................... 151
`
`Designating Domain Controllers Using #DOMH .
`
`. .. ..
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`.
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`.
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`.
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`. ..
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`.
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`.. 153
`
`UsingCentralizedLMHOSTSFiles......................
`
`155
`
`Chapter7 Uslng the Mlcrosott FTP Server Service ....................... 15?
`
`Installing the FTP Server Service ....................................
`
`158
`
`ConfiguringtheF'I‘PServerService,.........m- ....................... 159
`
`Administering the FTP Server Service .................................. 163
`
`Using FTP Commands at the Comde Prompt ........ . .............. 164
`
`Managing Users ................................................. 164
`
`Controlling the FTP Sewer and User Access ............ . ............. 165
`
`Annotating Directories ............................................ 165
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`Page 7 of 290
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`
`
` Contents vii
`
`Changing Directory Listing Format ................................ 166
`
`Customizing Greeting and Exit Messages ............................ 166
`
`Logging FTP Connections ......................................... 166
`
`Advanced Configuration Parameters for FTP Server Service ................ 167
`
`Chapter 8 Using Periormanee Monitor with TCPflP Services rrrrrrrrrrrrrrr 171
`
`Using Performance Morlitor with TCP/IP ............................... 172
`
`Monitoring ”PCP/1P Performance ...................................... 173
`ICMP Performance Counters....................................... [73
`
`IP Performance Counters ......................................... [75
`
`Network interface Performance Counters for TOP/1P ................... 177
`
`TC? Performance Counters ........................................ I79
`
`UDP Performance Counters .....................................
`
`180
`
`Monitoring FTP Server Traffic ........................................ 180
`
`MOnitoring WlNS Sewer Performance ................................. 182
`
`Chapter 9
`
`Inmrnemrk Printing with TCPllP ............................ 183
`
`Overview of TCP/lP Printing ......................................... 184
`
`SeitingUpWindowsN'TforTCP/IPPrinting....4..i
`
`185
`
`Creating a Printer for TCP/IP Printing .................................. 185
`
`Printing to Windows NT from UNlX Clients .
`
`. .......................... 189
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPlIP ................................... 191
`
`Troubleshooting [P Configuration ................................. .
`
`.
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`.
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`. 192
`
`Troubleshooting Name Reeolutiorr Problems .......................... [93
`Name Resolution Problems in HOSTS ..................... . ...... 193
`
`Name Resolution Problems in LMI-lOS'TS ......................... I93
`
`Troubleshooting Other Connection Problems.......................... 193
`
`Troubleshooting Other Problems ...................................... [95
`
`Troubleshooting the FTP Server Service ............................. 195
`
`Troubleshooting Telnet ........................................... 196
`
`Troubleshooting Gateways ........................................ [96
`Troubleshooting TCP/IP Database Files ................................ 197
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`Page 8 of 290
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`

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`Chapter 11 Ufillfieo Hebrews........................................ 199
`
`arp ............................................................. 200
`
`finger ............................................................ 201
`
`11]) ...... . ...................................................... 201
`hosmame ......................................................... 204
`
`ipconfig................................................... . ....... 205
`
`lpq ............................................................... 206
`
`lpr ............................................................. 206
`nbtstal ........................................................... 207
`
`netstzt .......................................................... 209
`
`ping .......................................................... 210
`
`rcp ............................................................... 212
`rexcc ............................................................ 215
`
`route ............................................................. 216
`
`rsh .............................................................. 217
`
`telnet ............................................................. 218
`
`tftp.............................................................. 219
`traccrt ............................................................ 220
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Typa for Windows NT .......................... 223
`
`LAN Manager MB 11 for Windows NT Objects ....................... 224
`
`Common Group ............................................... 224
`
`Server Group ................................................... 225
`
`Workstation Group ............................................... 228
`
`Doum'm Group .................................................. 228
`
`Microsoft DI-ICP Objects ............................................ 229
`DHCP MIB Parameters ........................ _ ....... . .......... 229
`
`DHCP Scope Group .............................................. 229
`
`Microsoft WINS Objects............................................. 230
`WINS Parameters........................... .
`.
`_ .................. 230
`
`WINS Datafilw Group ........................................... 232
`
`WINS Pull Group ............................................... 232
`
`WINS Push Group .............................................. 233
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`WINS Cmd Group ............................................... B4
`
`Appendixes
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`Page 9 of 290
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`Comanh
`
`t!
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`Appendlx B Windows Sockets Applications ............................ 237
`Vendors ..................................................... 237
`
`Internet Sources for Applications ................................ 241
`
`Glossary ............................................................................ 2&5
`
`Index ............................................................................. 253
`
`Page 10 of 290
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`

`Welcome
`
`Welcome to Microsofio TCP/IP for Windows NT".
`
`Transmission Control Protocol/Intemet Protocol (TCP/l P) is a networking protocol
`that provides communication across interconnected networks. This manuaL
`Microsoft Windows NT Server TCP/IP, describes how to install, configure, and
`troubleshoot Microsoft TCP/IP on a computer running the Microsoft Windows NT
`Workstation or Windows NT Server operating system It also provides a reference
`for the TCP/IP utilities and information about how to install and use the other
`
`TCP/IP services such as the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server service, TCPflP
`printing, and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), plus the software to
`support new dynamic configuration and name resolution services
`
`This manual assumes that you are familiar with the Microsoft Windows NT
`operating system. if you are not familiar with this product, refer to y0ur
`Microsoft Windows NT documentation set.
`
`This introduction provides the following basic information:
`
`I What’s new in this release
`
`I How to use this manual
`
`I Docttment conventions
`
`I Finding more information
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`Page 12 of 290
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`xii
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`TCPIIP
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`What’s New in This Release?
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`In this new version of Windows NT, TCP/IP capabilities have been expanded to
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`include automatic TCP/IP configuration and powerful name resolution capabilities
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`through the addition of new protocols and supporting administrative tools. New
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`TCP/IP utilities plus the addition of performance counters for TCP/IP and related
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`services will also help make administrative tasks easier. New elements include the
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`following:
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`Enhanced speed and performance
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`Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
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`Microsoft TCP/IP supports automatic TCP/IP configuration through the new
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`DHCP service. When DHCP servers are installed on the network, users can take
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`advantage of dynamic IP address allocation and management.
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`Windows Internet Name Service (WINS)
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`Microsoft TCP/[P provides a powerful, new name resolution service for easy,
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`centralized management of computer name-to-IP address resolution in medium
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`
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`and large intemetworks.
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`New TCP/[P utilities and commands
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`This version includes a new Windows-based Telnet accessory for connecting to
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`remote systems. The utilities provided with Microsoft TCP/IP have been
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`expanded to include ipconfig for displaying current TCP/IP network
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`configuration values, tracert for determining the route taken to a destination,
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`lpq for showing print queue status for TCP/IP printing, and lpr for printing a
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`file in TCP/IP printing.
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`Performance counters
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`You can use Performance Monitor to track performance of the IP protocols, FTP
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`Server service traffic, and WINS servers. You can also use SNMP to monitor
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`and manage WINS and DHCP servers.
`
`
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`Multiple default gateways
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`You can configure multiple default gateways for Windows NT computers. This
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`ensures maximum reliability in networks that offer redundant routes.
`
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`TCP/IP printing
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`With TCP/IP printing installed on a single Windows NT computer on the
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`network, other Windows networking computers can print to a direct-connect
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`TCP/IP printer or a UNIX®-connected printer, without any special client
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`software.
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`Page 13 of 290
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`Page 13 of 290
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`

`
`
`Welcome Kill
`
`How to Use This Manual
`
`This manual contains the following chapters and appendix:
`
`Chapter 1, “Overview of Microsoft 'DCP/lP for Windows NT“
`Describes the elements that make up Microsoft TCP/IP and provides an
`overview of how you can use Microsoft TCP/IP to support various networking
`solutions.
`
`Chapter 2, “Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP”
`Describes the process for installing and configuring Microsoft TCP/IP, SNMP,
`and Remote Access Service (RAS) with TCP/IP on a computer running
`Windows NT.
`
`Chapter 3. “Networking Concepts for TCP/IP“
`Presents key TCP/lP networking concepts for network administrators interested
`in a technical dimion of the elements that make up Microsofi TCP/IP.
`
`Chapter 4, “Installing and Configuring DHCP Sewers”
`Presents the procedures and strategies for setting up servers to support the
`Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for Windows networks
`
`Chapter 5, “Installing and Coafiguring WINS Servers"
`Presents the procedures and strategies for setting up Windows lntemet Name
`Service servers.
`
`Chapter 6, “Setting Up LMHOSTS"
`Provides guidelines and tips for using LMHOSTS files for name resolution on
`networks.
`
`Chapter 7, “Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service”
`Describes how to install, configure, and administer the Microsoft FTP Server
`service.
`
`Chapter 8, “Using Performance Monitor with TCP/lP Services"
`Describes how to use the performance counters for TCP/IP, FTP Server service,
`DI-ICP servers, and WINS sewers
`
`Chapter 9, “Intemetwork Printing and TCP/lP"
`Describes how to install TCP/IP printing and create TCP/IP printers on
`Windows NT computers with Microsoft TCP/lP.
`
`Chapter 10, “Troubleshooting TCP/il’”
`Describes how to troubleshoot IP connections and use the diagnostic utilities to
`get information that will help solve networking problems.
`
`Page 14 of290
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`xiv
`
`ICPIiP
`
`Chapter 11, “Utilities Reference”
`Describes the TCP/TP utilities and provides syntax and notes
`
`Appendix A, ”LAN Manager MlB II for Windows NT Objects"
`Describes the LAN Manager MlB 11 objects provided when you install SNMP
`with Windows NT.
`
`Appendix B, “Windows Sockets Application Vendors"
`Lists third-party vendors who have created sofiware based on the Windows
`Sockets standard to provide utilities and applications that run in heterogeneous
`networks that use TCP/lP. This appendix also lists Internet sources for public-
`domain software based on Windows Sockets.
`
`The Glossary provides definitions of TCP/IP and networking technical terms used
`in this manual.
`
`You can get online Help by pressing Fl in all dialog boxes for installing and
`configuring TCP/IP and related components. You can also get online Help about the
`Microsoft TCP/lP networking solutions and for the ’DCP/TP utilities.
`
`To get help on Microsoft TCP/IP networking solutions
`
`0
`
`In File Manager, double-click TCPIPHLF in \rysremrooASYSTEM32 (this
`could be C:\WTNNT35\SYSTEM32, or wherever you installed the Windows
`NT system files).
`
`D To get help on TCPIIP utilities
`
`0 At the command prompt, type a TCP/IP command name followed by the -?
`switch. For example, type ping -? and press ENTER to get help on the ping
`command.
`
`—Or—
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`In the Program Manager Main group, double-click the Windows NT Help icon.
`
`tn the Windows NT Help window, click the Command Reference Help button.
`
`[n the Commands window, click a command name.
`
`‘Oi—
`
`In the Command Reference window, choose the Search button, and then type a
`command name in the box or select a command name fiom the list.
`
`Page 15 of290
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`Welcome
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`xv
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`Documentation Conventions
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`This manual uses several type styles and special characters, described in the
`
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`following list:
`
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`Convention
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`Use
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`Represents commands, command options, and file entries. Type
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`bold words exactly as they appear (for example, net use).
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`Introduces new terms and represents variables. For example, the
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`variable computer name indicates that you type the name of a
`workstation or a sewer.
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`Represents filenames and paths. (You can, however, type such
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`entries in uppercase or lowercase letters, or a combination of the
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`Represents keyboard names (for example, CTRL, ENTER, and F2).
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`Encloses optional items in syntax statements. For example,
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`[password] indicates that you can choose to type a password with
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`the command. Type only the information within the brackets, not
`the brackets themselves.
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`Indicates a command element may be repeated.
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`Indicates a procedure.
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`Refers to operating system and networking functionality that is
`available in both Windows NT Server and Windows NT
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`Workstation.
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`\WINNT35, \WINDOWS, or whatever other directory name you
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`specified when installing Windows NT.
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`ALL UPPERCASE
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`SMALL CAPITALS
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`indows NT
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`> W
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`\WlNNT or
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`\systemroot
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`Finding More Information
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`In addition to the standard ways for receiving technical support from Microsoft (as
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`described in the Windows NT Server Installation Guide), you can get support for
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`Windows NT via the Internet.
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`Note Your computer must be connected to the Internet to take advantage of this
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`service.
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`> To get Windows NT support via the Internet
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`0 Start lip and connect to ftp.micros0l’t.com
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`This support service uses anonymous FIT under Windows NT to provide
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`documentation, utilities, updated drivers, and other information for many
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`Microsoft systems products.
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`Page 16 of 290
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`Page 16 of 290
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`nil
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`TCPlIP
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`For a more technical discussion of the topim mentioned in this manual, refer to the
`following texts and articles:
`
`Allard, J. “DHCP—TCP/IP Network Configuration Made Easy,” ConneXions,
`Volume 7, No. 8, August 1993.
`
`Allard, 1., K Moore. and D. Treadwell. “Plug into Serious Network Programming
`with the Windows Sockets API,” Microsoft Systems Journal, July: 35—40, 1993.
`
`Corner, D. Interneovorldng with TCP/IP Volume I: Principles, Protocols, and
`Architecture. Second edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
`
`Corner, D. and D. Stevens. lnternenvorking with TCP/lP Volume II: Design,
`Implementation, and Internals. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
`
`Comer, D. and D. Stevens. lnternehvorking with TCP/IP Volume III: ClientServer
`Programing and Application. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
`
`Hall, M., et a]. Windows Sockets: An Open Interface for Network Programming
`Under Microsoft Windows, Version 11, Revision A, 1993.
`
`Krol, E The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog. Sebast0pol, CA: O'Reilly
`and Amociates, 1992.
`
`Rose, MT. The Simple Book. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
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`Page 17 of290
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`

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`CHAPTER 1
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`Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP
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`for Windows NT
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`Transmiwion Control ProtocoUIntemet Pr0tocol (TCP/IP) is a networking protocol
`that provides communication across interconnected networks made up of computers
`with diverse hardware architectures and various operating systems TCP/lP can be
`used to communicate with Windows NT systems, with devices that use other
`Microsoft networking products, and with non—Microsoft systems, such as UNIX.
`
`This chapter introduces Microsofi TCP/iP for Windows NT. The topics in this
`chapter include the following:
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`I What is TCP/iP for Windows NT?
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`I What does Microsoft TCP/IP include?
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`I Windows NT solutions in TCP/IP intemetworks
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`For mere detailed infunnation on TCP/IP and its integration with Microsoft
`Windows NT and other networking products. see Chapter 3, “Networking Concepts
`for TCP/IP."
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`Page 18 of290
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`2
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`TCPIIP
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`What Is TCPIIP for Windows NT?
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`The TCP/IP protocol family is a standard set of networking protocols, or rules, that
`govern how data is passed between computers on a network. T‘CP/IP is used to
`connect the lntemet, the worldwide intern etwork connecting over two million
`universities, research labs, US. defense installations. and corporations. (By
`convention, “Internet” is capitalized when referring to the worldwide intemetworkr)
`These same protocols can be used in private internetworks that connect several
`local area networks.
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`Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT enables enterprise networking and connectivity
`on Windows NT computers. Adding TCP/IP to a Windows NT configuration offers
`the following advantages:
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`- A standard, routable enterprise networking protocol that is the most complete
`and accepted protocol available. All modern operating systems offer TCP/lP
`support, and most large networks rely on ”PCP/1P for much of their network
`traffic.
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`- A technology for connecting dissimilar systems Many standard connectivity
`utilities are available to access and transfer data between dissimilar systems,
`including File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Terminal Emulation Protocol
`(Telnet). Several of these standard utilities are included with Windows NT.
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`I A robust, scalable, am-platfonn client-sewer framework Microsoft "PCP/1P
`supports the Windows Sockets 1.1 interface, which is ideal for developing
`client-server applications that can run with Windows Sockets-compliant stacks
`from other vendors. Many public-domain lntemet tools are also written to the
`Windows Sockets standard. Windows Sockets applications can also take
`advantage of other networking protocols such as Microsoft NWLink, the
`Microsoft implementation of the lPX/SPX protocols used in Novello NetWareo
`networks.
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`I The enabling technology necessary to connect Windows NT to the global
`lntemet. TCP/IP. Point to Point Protocol (PPP), and Windows Sockets lrl
`provide the foundation needed to COnnect and use lntemet services.
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`Page 19 of 290
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`What Does Microsoft TCPIIP Include?
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`Chapter 1 Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
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`3
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`Microsoft TCP/IP provides all the elements necessary to implement these protocols
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`for networking. Microsoft TCP/IP includes the following:
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`Core TCP/IP protocols, including the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP),
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`lntemet Protocol (IP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Address Resolution
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`Protocol (ARP), and lntemet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). This suite of
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`lntemet protocols provides a set of standards for how computers communicate
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`and how networks are interconnected. Support is also provided for PPP and
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`Serial-Line 1P (SLIP), which are protocols used for dial-up access to TCP/IP
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`networks, including the lntemet.
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`Support for application interfaces, including Windows Sockets 1.1 for network
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`programming, remote procedure call (RPC) for communicating between
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`systems, NetBIOS for establishing logical names and sessions on the network,
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`and network dynamic data exchange (Network DDE) for sharing information
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`embedded in documents across the network.
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`Basic TCPIIP connectivity utilities, including finger, ftp, lpr, rcp, rexec, rsh,
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`telnet, and tftp. These utilities allow Windows NT users to interact with and
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`use resources on non-Microsoft hosts, such as UNIX workstations.
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`TCP/IP diagnostic tools, including arp, hostname, ipconfig, lpq, nbtstat,
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`netstat, ping, route, and tracert. These utilities can be used to detect and
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`resolve TCP/lP networking problems.
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`Services and related administrative tools, inclu