`EUROPEAN
`TELECOMMUNICATION
`STANDARD
`
`
`
` ETS 300 538
`
`September 1995
` Second Edition
`
`
`
`Source: ETSI TC-SMG
`
` Reference: RE/SMG-040345P
`
`ICS: 33.060.50
`
`Key words: European digital cellular telecommunications system, Global System for Mobile communications
`(GSM)
`
`European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2);
`Technical realization of facsimile group 3 transparent
`(GSM 03.45)
`
`ETSI
`European Telecommunications Standards Institute
`ETSI Secretariat
`Postal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
`Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
`X.400: c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - Internet: secretariat@etsi.fr
`Tel.: +33 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16
`
`
`
`
`
`Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
`foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
`
` European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1995. All rights reserved.
`
` ©
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 1
`
`

`

`Page 2
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
`typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
`"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.
`
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 2
`
`

`

`Page 3
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`Contents
`
`Foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
`O.1
`Scope ................................................................................................................................... 7
`O.2
`Normative references .......................................................................................................... 7
`O.3
`Definitions and abbreviations .............................................................................................. 8
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`Service definition ................................................................................................................................. 8
`
`Network architecture ........................................................................................................................... 9
`
`Reference configuration at the mobile station .................................................................................. 10
`3.1
`Fax Adaptor functionality ................................................................................................... 11
`3.2
`GSM Facsimile Machine functionality ............................................................................... 11
`
`4.2.2
`4.2.3
`
`Connection types .............................................................................................................................. 12
`4.1
`Information transfer protocol model ................................................................................... 13
`4.2
`Interactions with T.30 ........................................................................................................ 14
`4.2.1
`Link control strategy ...................................................................................... 14
`4.2.1.1
`Message detection .............................................................. 15
`Speed conversion for BCS phases ............................................................... 15
`Compatibility checking .................................................................................. 16
`4.2.3.1
`Group 1 and Group 2 support ............................................. 16
`4.2.3.2
`2400 bit/s handshaking ....................................................... 16
`4.2.3.3
`Non-standard facilities ......................................................... 16
`4.2.3.4
`7200 bit/s Facsimile Document Transfer ............................. 16
`4.2.3.5
`Procedure interrupts ............................................................ 16
`Speed checking ............................................................................................. 17
`4.2.4
`Radio Channel Modification Procedures ........................................................................... 17
`4.3.1
`In Call Modification (ICM) .............................................................................. 18
`4.3.2
`Channel Mode Modify (CMM) ....................................................................... 18
`
`4.3
`
`5.2.3
`
`Use of terminal adaptation functions ................................................................................................ 19
`5.1
`Standard TAFs for synchronous services ......................................................................... 19
`5.2
`Specific TAFs for facsimile service .................................................................................... 19
`5.2.1
`Working principle ........................................................................................... 19
`5.2.2
`Basic protocol structure ................................................................................ 20
`Frame formats ..................................................................... 21
`5.2.2.1
`Protocol description ....................................................................................... 21
`5.2.3.1
`IDLE state ............................................................................ 21
`5.2.3.2
`BCS-REC state .................................................................... 21
`5.2.3.3
`BCS-TRA state .................................................................... 22
`5.2.3.4
`MSG-REC state ................................................................... 22
`5.2.3.5
`MSG-TRA state ................................................................... 23
`DCS and TCF processing ............................................................................. 23
`5.2.4
`DCN (disconnect) frame ............................................................................... 24
`5.2.5
`Clocking ........................................................................................................ 24
`5.2.6
`Timeouts........................................................................................................ 24
`5.2.7
`Specific TAFs for facsimile service (T.30/A) ...................................................................... 24
`5.3.1
`Frame detection ............................................................................................ 25
`5.3.2
`Message phase ............................................................................................. 25
`5.3.3
`Additional CMM request ................................................................................ 25
`
`5.3
`
`6
`
`Signalling aspects ............................................................................................................................. 25
`6.1
`Handling of Tonal Signals .................................................................................................. 25
`6.2
`Call establishment ............................................................................................................. 25
`6.2.1
`Mobile Terminated Call - Speech then Fax .................................................. 26
`6.2.2
`Mobile Terminated Call - Auto answer .......................................................... 26
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 3
`
`

`

`Page 4
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`Mobile Originated Call - Speech then Fax ................................................... 27
`6.2.3
`Mobile Originated Call - Auto calling ............................................................ 27
`6.2.4
`Mobile Originated Call - Manual calling ........................................................ 27
`6.2.5
`Call release ....................................................................................................................... 28
`
`6.3
`
`7
`
`Interworking to fixed networks .......................................................................................................... 28
`7.1
`Interworking to PSTN ........................................................................................................ 28
`7.2
`Interworking to ISDN ......................................................................................................... 29
`
`Annex I (Informative):
`
`Protocol entities from CCITT T.30 and T.4 ........................................................ 30
`
`Annex II (Informative): Procedure examples .......................................................................................... 31
`
`History ......................................................................................................................................................... 44
`
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 4
`
`

`

`Page 5
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`Foreword
`
`This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Special Mobile Group
`(SMG) Technical Committee (TC) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
`
`This ETS defines the technical realization of facsimile group 3 using transparent network support for the
`European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2). This ETS corresponds to GSM Technical
`Specification (GSM-TS) GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0.
`
`The specification from which this ETS has been derived was originally based on CEPT documentation,
`hence the presentation of this ETS is not in accordance with the ETSI/PNE rules.
`
`Reference is made within this ETS to GSM-TSs (NOTE).
`
`TC-SMG has produced documents which give the technical specifications for the
`implementation of
`the European digital cellular
`telecommunications system.
`Historically, these documents have been identified as GSM Technical Specifications
`(GSM-TSs). These TSs may have subsequently become I-ETSs (Phase 1), or ETSs
`(Phase 2), whilst others may become ETSI Technical Reports (ETRs). GSM-TSs are,
`for editorial reasons, still referred to in current GSM ETSs.
`
`NOTE:
`
`
`
`Transposition dates
`
`Date of adoption of this ETS:
`
`Date of latest announcement of this ETS (doa):
`
`Date of latest publication of new National Standard
`or endorsement of this ETS (dop/e):
`
`Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow):
`
`
`30 September 1995
`
`31 December 1995
`
`
`30 June 1996
`
`30 June 1996
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 5
`
`

`

`Page 6
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`Blank page
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 6
`
`

`

`Page 7
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`O.1
`
`Scope
`
`This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) deals with the procedures allowing the technical
`realization of the Group 3 facsimile Service within the GSM PLMN using transparent Network support,
`according to the definition of Teleservice 61 and 62 specified in the TS GSM 02.03.
`
`O.2
`
`Normative references
`
`This ETS incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
`normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
`hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
`apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the
`latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
`
`[1]
`
`[2]
`
`[3]
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[6]
`
`[7]
`
`[8]
`
`[9]
`
`[10]
`
`[11]
`
`[12]
`
`[13]
`
`GSM 01.04 (ETR 100): "European digital cellular telecommunication system
`(Phase 2): "Abbreviations and acronyms".
`
`GSM 02.03 (ETS 300 502): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); Teleservices supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile
`Network (PLMN)".
`
`GSM 03.10 (ETS 300 528): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) connection
`types".
`
`GSM 04.02 (ETS 300 551): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) access reference
`configuration".
`
`GSM 04.08 (ETS 300 557): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification".
`
`GSM 04.21 (ETS 300 562): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); Rate adaption on the Mobile Station - Base Station System
`(MS - BSS) interface".
`
`GSM 07.01 (ETS 300 582): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); General on Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for Mobile
`Stations (MS)".
`
`GSM 07.03 (ETS 300 584): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) for services using
`synchronous bearer capabilities".
`
`GSM 09.07 (ETS 300 604): "European digital cellular telecommunication
`system (Phase 2); General requirements on interworking between the Public
`Land Mobile Network (PLMN) and the Integrated Services Digital Network
`(ISDN) or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)".
`
`CCITT Recommendation T.35: "Procedure
`members' codes".
`
`for
`
`the allocation of CCITT
`
`CCITT Recommendation F.160 Fascicle II.5: "General operational provision for
`the international public facsimile".
`
`CCITT Recommendation T.4 Fascicle VII.3: "Standardization of group 3
`facsimile apparatus for document transmission".
`
`CCITT Recommendation T.30 Fascicle VII.3: "Procedures for document
`facsimile transmission in the general switched telephone network".
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 7
`
`

`

`Page 8
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`[14]
`
`[15]
`
`[16]
`
`[17]
`
`[18]
`
`[19]
`
`[20]
`
`CCITT Recommendation V.21 Fascicle VIII.l: "300 bits per second duplex
`modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network".
`
`CCITT Recommendation V.24 Fascicle VIII.l: "List of definitions for interchange
`circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating
`equipment (DCE)".
`
`CCITT Recommendation V.25bis Fascicle VIII.l: "Automatic calling and/or
`answering equipment on the general switched telephone network (GSTN) using
`the 100-series interchange circuits".
`
`CCITT Recommendation V.27ter Fascicle VIII.l: "4800/2400 bits per second
`modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network".
`
`CCITT Recommendation V.29 Fascicle VIII.l: "9600 bits per second modem
`standardized for use on point-to-point 4-wire leased telephone-type circuits".
`
`CCITT Recommendation V.33 Fascicle VIII.l: "14400 bits per second modem
`standardized for use on point-to-point 4-wire leased telephone-type circuits".
`
`for
`CCITT Recommendation X.300 Fascicle VIII.6: "General principles
`interworking between public networks, and between public networks and other
`networks for the provision of data transmission services".
`
`O.3
`
`Definitions and abbreviations
`
`In addition to those below abbreviations used in this ETS are listed in GSM 01.04.
`
`Binary Coded Signalling phase of Facsimile transmission as per CCITT T.30
`Interchange Circuit 105 as per CCITT V.24
`Interchange Circuit 106 as per CCITT V.24
`Interchange Circuit 107 as per CCITT V.24
`Interchange Circuit 108/2 as per CCITT V.24
`Interchange Circuit 109 as per CCITT V.24
`Interchange Circuit 114 as per CCITT V.24
`Interchange Circuit 115 as per CCITT V.24
`The Fax Adaptor specifically located at MT side
`The Fax Adaptor specifically located at IWF side
`Message phase of Facsimile transmission as per CCITT T.30
`
`BCS
`CT105
`CT106
`CT107
`CT108.2
`CT109
`CT114
`CT115
`FA/MT
`FA/IWF
`MSG
`
`All protocol entities from CCITT Facsimile Recommendations (T.4 and T.30) apply; in this ETS they are
`referenced to in the same way as in the above CCITT Recommendations (see also Annex I to this ETS).
`
`1
`
`Service definition
`
`The fixed network Group 3 Facsimile service, as basically defined in CCITT Recommendation F.160, is
`an international telematic service for ISO A4 document transmission between two facsimile stations.
`
`The service specification is comprised of two parts: the control protocol described in CCITT
`Recommendation T.30, and the document transmission coding described in CCITT Recommendation
`T.4.
`
`The GSM facsimile Teleservice is intended to allow facsimile connections between group 3 apparatus
`using:
`
`-
`-
`
`a GSM PLMN as a stand alone facility, for mobile to mobile communication;
`a GSM PLMN to gain access to fixed networks PSTN and ISDN, for mobile to/from land
`communication.
`
`
`For this Teleservice, the document coding is as CCITT Recommendation T.4 with no modifications. The
`protocol used is CCITT Recommendation T.30 modified within the PLMN as detailed in this ETS.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 8
`
`

`

`Page 9
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`The interworking between different networks is based on CCITT Recommendation X.300.
`
`The particular features of this Teleservice are:
`
`-
`
`
`
` -
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
` -
`
` -
`
` -
`
`it uses point-point communication;
`
`the information transfer capability is dual "Speech"/"Group 3 Facsimile" for Teleservice 61 and
`"Group 3 Facsimile" only for Teleservice 62;
`
`both mobile originated and terminated calls are supported;
`
`the information transfer mode is circuit, duplex, synchronous and symmetric;
`
`different end-to-end transfer rates are used within the same call to take advantage of the better
`radio path error rate;
`
`use of a standard synchronous terminal adaptation function (as per TS GSM 07.03) within the MS.
`
`Network architecture
`
`
`
`
`
` -
`
` 2
`
`The network architecture applicable to this Teleservice is shown in Fig 1/03.45, below.
`
`v
`
`v
`
`FAX
`
`MT
`
`BSS
`
`MSC/IWF
`
`PSTN
`
`FAX
`
`PLMN
`
`Figure 1/03.45
`
`Network architecture
`
`This shows the case of mobile to fixed network interworking. For mobile to mobile calls, there would
`effectively be a loop back within the PLMN, using two IWFs.
`
`ISDN
`
`
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 9
`
`

`

`Page 10
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`3
`Reference configuration at the mobile station
`
`The mobile reference configurations described in this section are defined as per TS GSM 04.02.
`
`a)
`
`b)
`
`c)
`
`d)
`
`e)
`
`FAX
`
`FAX
`
`FAX
`
`FAX
`
`FAX
`
`2w
`
`/
`
`2w
`
`2w
`
`/
`
`/
`
`FAX
`Adapt.
`
`FAX
`Adapt.
`
` Mobile Station
`R
`
`FAX
`Adapt.
`
`FAX
`Adapt.
`
`S
`
`TA
`
`FAX
`Adapt.
`
`TA
`
`R
`
`TA
`
`U m
`
`MT2
`
`MT1
`
`MT1
`
`MT2
`
`MT1
`
`f)
`
`MT0
`
`
`
`Figure 2/03.45
`
`Reference configurations
`
`The Teleservice definition in TS GSM 02.03 regards the group 3 facsimile terminal as a 2-wire analogue
`terminated equipment. In order to connect this to the MT2 a separate "Fax Adaptor" device is necessary.
`
`This configuration, shown in Figure 2a/03.45, has to be considered as the standard configuration, so that
`all the existing Group 3 facsimile apparatus can be connected to the PLMN.
`
`An alternative realisation would be to combine a standard group 3 facsimile machine and the Fax Adaptor
`into a specially developed "GSM facsimile machine", directly providing a digital output.
`
`Although such a device must appear to the MT2 as identical to the Fax Adaptor (i.e. with an identical
`interface and protocol), it would allow for a significantly smaller and simpler facsimile machine.
`
`This configuration is shown in Figure2d/03.45 and is regarded as a desirable alternative.
`
`In addition of course, it is always possible to realise an MT0, as per Figure 2f/03.45, where both the
`facsimile and mobile termination functions are considered to be part of one integrated unit.
`
`The remaining configurations concern the use of an S interface and are considered as optional
`configurations. Their use is for further study.
`
`The particular terminal adaptation functions used are those detailed in TS GSM 07.03 and the interface to
`the MT2 used is synchronous V.24 with an option for support of V.25bis procedures for autocalling and
`autoanswering.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 10
`
`

`

`Page 11
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`3.1
`
`Fax Adaptor functionality
`
`The Fax Adaptor block, Figure 3/03.45, is intended to specifically complement the Group 3 facsimile
`apparatus in order to be able to communicate over a GSM PLMN.
`
`COMPOSITE
` MODEM
`
`2W
`
`TONE
`HANDLING
`
`PROTOCOL
`MONITORING
` &
`CONTROL
`
`R
`
`
`
`Figure 3/03.45 Fax Adaptor scheme
`
`Whether it has to be a function internal to the GSM PLMN, or an external accessory associated with the
`Group 3 apparatus, is beyond the scope of this Specification, and in any case, does not affect at all the
`working of the procedure as here described.
`
`It can be functionally partitioned in two sections:
`
`an analogue section, dealing with:
`
`-
`
`
`-
`
`
`the modulation and demodulation processes according to CCITT Recommendation V.21,
`V.27ter and V.29 as explained in T.4 and T.30;
`
`handling of the signalling on the 2-wire path to the facsimile machine, including autocalling
`and autoanswer functions where necessary (see section 6).
`
`
`a digital section, dealing with:
`
`-
`
`
`
` -
`
`-
`
`monitoring and where necessary, manipulation of the T.30 protocol as detailed in the rest of
`this Specification;
`
`
`
`
`
`overall control of the adaptor;
`
`connection over the synchronous V.24 interface to the MT as described in TS GSM 07.03;
`
` -
`
` -
`
` -
`
`
`
`where necessary, autocalling and autoanswering functions according to V.25bis.
`
`
`In the following this specification will reference the Fax Adaptor functionality, considering the most
`general case where it operates as a full-featured (see Figure 3/03.45) separate block (see Figure
`2a/03.45), as this reference configuration is implicitly or explicitly exhaustive of all service related
`technical aspects.
`
`3.2
`
`GSM Facsimile Machine functionality
`
`The special GSM facsimile machine shown in the MS configuration of Figure 2d/03.45 has a similar
`functionality to the digital part of the Fax Adaptor, but without any of the analogue portions.
`
`It appears over the V.24 interface as identical to the Fax Adaptor, i.e. the MT2 needs to have no
`knowledge of the particular configuration used.
`
`When necessary this reference configuration, will be explicitly referenced to in the following; otherwise all
`technical aspects relevant to the configuration implicitly apply.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 11
`
`

`

`Page 12
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`4
`Connection types
`
`Table 1/03.45 shows the connection elements attributes applicable to this Teleservice(*), adapted from
`TS GSM 03.10.
`
`Protocol type
`of Figure 6 of TS
`GSM 03.10
`
`Access to TAF
`of the Mobile
`Station
`
`Radio interface
`connection element
`
`
`Intermediate
`rate
`RA1 to RA2
`
`BS-MSC/IWF
`connection
`element
`
`Model 6:Speech
`
`
` ----
`
`
`Model 5:
`Facsimile
`Group 3
`
`
`
`C/D/S UDI
`- 9.6kbit/s
`- 4.8kbit/s
`- 2.4kbit/s
` (**)
`
`Speech/GSM
`
`
`C/D/S UDI
`- 12.0kbit/s
`- 6.0kbit/s
`- 3.6kbit/s
`
` ----
`
`
`C/D/S UDI
`- 16kbit/s
`- 8kbit/s
`- 8kbit/s
`
`CCITT
`A-law
`
`C/D/S UDI
`- 64kbit/s
`- 64kbit/s`
`- 64kbit/s
`
`C = Circuit switched
`D = Full-duplex
`
`
`S = Synchronous
`UDI = Unrestricted Digital Information
`
`Table 1/03.45
`
`Elements of connection types
`
`The Figure 4/03.45 shows the scheme of a typical GSM PLMN connection for this Teleservice,
`considering respectively R and S access at Network Termination.
`
`To grant full support to the CCITT Rec. T.30, requiring different transmission speeds, the following
`strategy shall be implemented:
`
`PLMN provides for three Access Rate only, that is 9600 bit/s, 4800 bit/s, 2400 bit/s;
`
`radio channel modification procedures are used for switching between Speech phase and facsimile
`phase, as well as to select the suitable Access Rate (9600/4800/2400 bit/s) within the facsimile
`phase, as resulting from the preliminary end-to-end negotiation between the terminals;
`
`to transport Binary Coded Signaling (BCS) requiring a synchronous 300 bit/s bit-rate, speed
`conversion will be used at both the PLMN ends.
`
`-
`
`
`
` -
`
`
`
` -
`
`
`(*)
`Teleservice 61 includes both speech and data connection types, but Teleservice 62 only the data connection type
`(**) The highest Access Rate actually supported in this teleservice will be consistent with the highest Access Rate of the
`Transparent Bearer Service provided by the Network Operator.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 12
`
`

`

`Page 13
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`GR 3 Apparatus
`
`2w
`
`GR 3 Apparatus
`
`
`
`2w
`
`DTE
`
`DCE
`
`MT2
`
`MSC/IWF
`
`FAX
`
`Adaptor
`
`PLMN
`
`2w
`
`FAX
`
`Adaptor
`
`R I/F
`(V.24)
`
`MT1
`
`MSC/IWF
`
`FAX
`
`Adaptor
`
`PLMN
`
`S I/F
`
`TA
`
`Adaptor
`
`FAX
`
`2w
`
`GR 3 Apparatus
`
`GR 3 Apparatus
`
`Figure 4b/03.45 Optional Teleservice connection (F.F.S)
`
`4.1
`
`Information transfer protocol model
`
`The Figure 5/03.45 depicts the protocol model for this Teleservice, deduced from model 5 of Figure
`6/03.10.
`
`The main point to be underlined is that all the protocol modules specific for this Teleservice are confined
`in the Fax Adaptation functions at both the MT and IWF ends.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 13
`
`

`

`Page 14
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`Mobile Station
`
`Base Station
`
`MSC/IWF
`
`R I/F
`
`Radio I/F
`
` BSS-MSC I/F
`
` Fax
`Adapt.
`
`T.30
`
` Fax
`Adaptation
` function
`
` Fax
`Adaptation
` function
`
`T.30
`
`
`
`RA1'
`
`RA1'
`
`RA1
`
`RA1
`
`I/F Cct
`
`I/F Cct
`
`FEC
`
`FEC
`
`RA2
`
`RA2
`
`Figure 5/03.45
`
`Information transfer protocol model
`
`4.2
`
`Interactions with T.30
`
`The philosophy of this Specification is to allow the T.30 protocol to pass transparently wherever possible,
`through the Fax Adaptors at both ends of the PLMN channel. Manipulations are only made to the protocol
`where necessary to overcome problems resulting from the differences between the PSTN and the GSM
`system. Basically, these problems fall into four categories:
`
`supporting facsimile on a digital connection type;
`
`bit errors during transfer of BCS frames;
`
`the need to change speed to reduce the impact of bit errors during transfer of Fax encoded
`Messages;
`
`inability to support some features of T.30.
`
`Link control strategy
`
`-
`
`
`
`
`
` -
`
` -
`
` -
`
`
`
`
`4.2.1
`
`Though the T.30 procedure is plain half-duplex, between the FAs at both the GSM PLMN ends a full-
`duplex mode connection will be established. Information transfer is structured in fixed length blocks,
`carrying either data received from the local modem, or idle synchronization patterns.
`
`Establishment, maintenance and release of the data circuit is performed autonomously by each FA, by
`properly handling the physical interface to its local modem.
`
`Due to the rigid timeout constrains in T.30 protocol procedure, which will be actually concatenated to the
`procedure defined here for the GSM connection part, a strictly forwardonly approach is adopted for data
`link control; that is no retransmission means are explicitly introduced to recover corrupted information
`blocks.
`
`Although in the majority of cases the T.30 protocol can take care of lost frames and easily recover, there
`are some particularly critical points where two consecutive segments in the procedure, without any
`interposed acknowledgement, require different transmission speeds (BCS speed/Message speed).
`
`In these cases, to grant that a correct change-over from one modem type to another takes place at both
`the PLMN ends, some additional protection is necessary in the GSM environment.
`This protection, actually at the beginning and at the end of the Fax page transmission, is given by means
`of a confirmation mechanism, whereby the originating FA waits while transmitting a fixed pattern until an
`explicit acknowledgment is received from the terminating FA. In these cases an interruption of the normal
`T.30 information flow may eventually result.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 14
`
`

`

`Page 15
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`Aiming at minimizing any possible delay in the end-to-end transmission between the two facsimile
`apparatuses, the FAs will pass on information without error control of the message integrity .(*)
`
`To this regard, however, it is worth underlining that an essential requirement in this procedure is the
`detection of some key messages exchanged between the terminals, carrying basic control information.
`Hence, in parallel to the primary information passing process, a continuous monitoring of the information
`flowing across the FA is necessary, to detect these messages, fully checked in their logical integrity.
`
`In addition, as detailed below, some fields in some frames may need to be changed.
`
`4.2.1.1
`
`Message detection
`
`While in BCS, the following frames have to be detected:
`
`DIS/DTC, to monitor all operational parameters proposed to the sender terminal by the receiver
`terminal;
`
`DCS, to realize (see Table 2/T.30) the actual message transmission speed accepted by the sender
`terminal and the relevant message transfer direction;
`
`NSF, to inhibit Non-Standard Facilities, if explicitly required by the user Fax Adaptor configuration;
`
`-
`
`
`
` -
`
` -
`
`
`
` -
`
`
`
`DCN, to initiate the Call release procedure.
`
`
`During the Message phase (C phase of T.30) a single bit pattern has to be detected, the EOL character,
`a unique codeword that can never be found within a valid line of Fax coded Data (see CCITT Rec. T.4,
`section 4.1.2), and therefore used to control the buffer level in each FA, as detailed in the following
`section 5.2.6.
`
`4.2.2
`
`Speed conversion for BCS phases
`
`Given the signalling load caused by the Channel Mode Modify procedure, rather than changing the radio
`channel speed to 300 bit/s to carry the BCS frames, a speed conversion mechanism is exploited at both
`the PLMN ends, allowing to maintain the Channel rate of the Message phase (9600/4800/2400 bit/s)
`during BCS phases.
`
`A speed conversion factor can be defined as:
`
`Fax Message speed (9600 or 4800 or 2400 bit/s)
`---------------------------------------------------------------------
`Standard BCS speed (300 bit/s)
`
`which will assume the value 8 or 16 or 32, depending on the actual Message speed negotiated between
`the terminals.
`
`On the basis of the above speed conversion factor, in the originating FA up-conversion to Message
`speed will be performed according to the repetition algorithm specified in section 5.2.3.2.
`
`In the terminating FA, down-conversion to the BCS speed will require a decimation algorithm (see section
`5.2.3.3); this algorithm is assumed implementation dependent, and hence its actual definition is beyond
`the scope of this Specification.
`
`As the actual Access Rate over the GSM-TCH may change throughout the Call, speed conversion factor
`needs to be updated in both FAs.
`
`The FA/IWF will update this value upon successful completion of a CMM procedure (see 4.3.2 below).
`
`
`(*)
`All V.21 modems in the FAs shall use the faster response time provided by CCITT Rec. V.21 (see Table 2/V.21) for OFF to
`ON transition of CT109 and CT106.
`
`Google Ex. 1119, pg. 15
`
`

`

`Page 16
`ETS 300 538: September 1995 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0)
`
`The FA/MT which does not have direct access to the GSM signalling channel (except for MT0
`configuration), shall estimate the actual Access Rate established over the GSM-TCH from the effective
`Access Rate of the MT data interface (or any other means in case of MT0); this check shall be performed
`whenever a BCS frame is sent towards the Radio path after which a change for GSM-TCH Access Rate
`may be expected (e.g., DIS and DCS frames for Normal Fax mode, PPR and CTC frames for Error
`Correction Mode).
`
`4.2.3
`
`Compatibility checking
`
`Some features of T.30 cannot be supported in the GSM PLMN environment.
`Fax Adaptation function is in charge of dealing with such compatibility checking.
`
`4.2.3.1
`
`Group 1 and Group 2 support
`
`Group 1 and Group 2 equipments are not supported by the Teleservice as described in this Specification.
`
`
`To this purpose, any tonal signalling specific to the above kind of Fax apparatus will be ignored by the
`Fax adaptation function at MS and IWF.
`
`4.2.3.2
`
`2400 bit/s handshaking
`
`Only standard 300 bit/s Binary Coded Signalling is supported. To this purpose the FA will ignore this
`capability within the B segment of T.30 procedure, looking for DIS frame, by default, from V.21 modem
`only.
`
`4.2.3.3
`
`Non-standard facilities
`
`Non-standard facilities are supported in so far they are not in conflict with the standard procedure
`described in this GSM Specification.
`
`All the relevant BCS frames are passed end-to-end, unless an explicit deletion is required by the user
`(e.g. by a specific input at the Fax Adaptor associated with the Mobile Station). In this case, upon
`detection (see section 4.2.1.1) of the NSF frame identifier (the Facsimile Con