By the Editors of the
`
`American Heritag Dictionaries
`
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`LG v. Straight Path, IPR2015-00198
`Straight Path - Exhibit 2032 - Page 1
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`

`
`Words included in this Dictionary that are known to have current trademark regis-
`trations are shown with initial capital and are also identified as trademarks. No
`investigation has been made of common-law trademark rights in any word, because
`such investigation is impracticable. The inclusion of any word in this Dictionary is
`not, however, an expression of the Publisher's opinion as to whether or not it is
`subject to proprietary rights. Indeed, no definition in this Dictionary is to be regard-
`ed as affecting the validity of any trademark.
`
`Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
`No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
`means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any
`information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of
`Houghton Mifflin Company unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal
`copyright law. Address inquiries to Reference Permissions, 222 Berkeley Street,
`Boston, Massachusetts 02116.
`For information about this and other Houghton Mifflin trade and reference books
`and multimedia products, visit The Bookstore at Houghton Mifflin on the World
`Wide Web at http://www.hmco.com/trade/.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`Dictionary of computer words. —Rev. ed.
`p. cm.
`Includes index.
`ISBN 0-395-72834-7 (acid-free paper)
`1. Computers—Dictionaries.
`QA76.15.D5259 1995
`95-1175
`004'.03 — dc20
`CIP
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
`
`DOH 1098 7 6 5 4 3 2
`
`Book design by Anne Chalmers
`
`ART CREDITS: Apple Computer: desktop, dialog box, keyboard (Apple Adjustable),
`menu, overlaid windows, toolbar; Fountain Hills Systems Inc.: keyboard
`(Ergonomic Keyboard); Lexmark International, Inc.: keyboard (Select-Ease);
`Library of Congress: pixel (photograph); Lotus Development Corporation: spread-
`sheet; Maureen Wilken/Cheryl Snyder: range; Microsoft Corporation: screen shots
`at the entries alert box, character-based, graphical user interface, and range reprint-
`ed with permission from Microsoft Corporation; illustration of the Natural Key-
`board at the entry keyboard reproduced with permission from Microsoft Corpora-
`tion; Tech-Graphics: antialiasing, Bezier curve, chip, computer, connector, DIP
`switch, Dvorak keyboard, floppy disk, hard disk, hierarchical, landscape, letter-
`quality, mouse, network, outline font, overlaid windows, pixel, printed circuit
`board, QWERTY keyboard, sector, sine wave, software, trackball, write-protect;
`U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Energy Star.
`
`0:00-4*WiyAtk:-",
`
`LG v. Straight Path, IPR2015-00198
`Straight Path - Exhibit 2032 - Page 2
`
`

`
`operating system
`
`196
`
`Windows, which seems to function as an operating system
`but in fact relies on DOS. See also environment.
`
`operating system Software designed to control the hardware
`of a specific computer system in order to allow users and
`application programs to employ it easily. The operating sys-
`tem mediates between hardware and applications programs. It
`handles the details of sending instructions to the hardware
`and allocating system resources in case of conflicts, thus
`relieving applications developers of this burden and providing
`a standard platform for new programs. The most common
`operating systems for personal computers are DOS, the
`Macintosh System, OS/2, UNIX, and Windows NT. See Table
`18 for features of various operating systems. See also
`Windows 95.
`
`operation 1. An action performed on one or more numbers or
`variables. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
`are common arithmetic operations. See also operand, opera-
`tor. 2. In programming, an action resulting from a single
`instruction.
`
`operator A symbol or character that represents an operation.
`In computing, the following symbols are used as common
`mathematical operators: + (addition), — (subtraction), * (multi-
`plication), / (division), and A (exponentiation). In program-
`ming, spreadsheets, and database query languages, one en-
`counters Boolean operators such as AND, OR, and NOT, and
`relational operators, such as > (greater than) and < (less than)
`
`optical character recognition Abbreviated OCR The use of a
`light-sensitive device, such as an optical scanner or reader, to
`identify and encode printed or handwritten characters. The
`scanner matches the patterns of light and dark on a printed
`page against patterns stored in memory and then generates
`output to the computer or performs some other operation,
`such as sorting or searching. A page that is scanned into the
`computer or received over a fax modem can be converted into
`a computer file and then edited or retransmitted.
`
`LG v. Straight Path, IPR2015-00198
`Straight Path - Exhibit 2032 - Page 3