`
`(12) Ulllted States Patent
`Henry et al.
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`*Aug. 4, 2009
`
`(54) DIGITAL FLOWMETER
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`(75) Inventors: Manus P. Henry, Oxford (GB); David
`W, Clarke, Oxford (GB); James H,
`vignosa Needham Heights, MA (Us)
`
`(73) Assignee: Invensys Systems, Inc., Foxboro, MA
`(Us)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U'S'C~ 154(1)) by 0 days'
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis
`clalmer'
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 11/555,033
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Oct 31, 2006
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2007/0124090 A1
`
`May 31, 2007
`
`_
`_
`Related U‘s‘ Apphcatlon Data
`(63) Continuation of application No. 11/130,233, ?led on
`May 17, 2005, noW Pat. No. 7,136,761, which is a
`continuation of application No. 10/637,620, ?led on
`Aug: 11’ 2003’ nOW_ Pal‘ NO‘ 6’917’887’ Whlch 1S a
`Commuanon of apphcanon NO' 09/931,057’ ?led on
`Aug- 17, 2001: HOW Pat NO- 6754594’ Whlch 15 a
`Continuation of application N0~ 09/ 111,739, ?led 011
`Jul. 8, 1998, noW Pat. No. 6,311,136.
`_
`_
`_
`_
`(60) Provlslonal apphcanon NO‘ 60/066’554’ ?led on NOV‘
`26> 1997'
`
`(51) Int‘ Cl‘
`(2006-01)
`G06F 1 5/ 00
`(52) US. Cl. .............. .. 702/45; 73/861355; 73/861356
`(58) Field of Classi?cation Search ..................... .. None
`See application ?le for complete search history.
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`3,956,682 A
`RE29,383 E
`
`5/1976 Van Dyck ................. .. 318/640
`9/1977 Gallatin et a1. .............. .. 137/ 14
`
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`
`0 698 783 A1
`
`2/1996
`
`(Continued)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`A.F. Skea, “Effects of Gas Leaks in Oil Flow on Single-Phase
`Flowmeters”, Flow Measurement and Instrumentatlon, v01. 10, pp.
`146-150 (1999)‘
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary ExamineriManuel L Barbee
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmiFish & Richardson PC.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A controller for a ?oWmeter includes an input module oper
`able to receive a sensor signal from a sensor connected to a
`vibratable ?oWtube.The sensor signalisrelatedtoa?uid ?oW
`through the ?oWtube. The controller also includes a signal
`processing system operable to receive the sensor signal,
`determine sensor signal characteristics, and output drive sig
`nal characteristics for a drive signal applied to the ?oWtube.
`An output module is operable to output the drive signal to the
`?oWtube and a control system is operable to modify the drive
`signal and thereby maintain oscillation of the ?oWtube during
`a transition of the ?oWtube from a substantially empty state to
`a substantially full state.
`
`48 Claims, 71 Drawing Sheets
`
`Massflow
`Measurement
`105
`
`100
`'A/
`
`Digital
`Controller
`
`Temp.
`Sensor
`i
`l
`|
`
`125
`_/
`
`Driver —————
`
`Fiow Tube
`
`Sensor
`
`\ 115
`
`K
`120
`
`\110
`
`Micro Motion 1001
`
`1
`
`
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`Page 2
`
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`_
`2/1980 Smith .................. .. 73/861.356
`4,187,721 A
`4,358,822 A 11/1982 SnneheZ -~
`- 700/31
`RE31,450 E
`11/1983 Smith ....... ..
`73/86135
`4,419,898 A * 12/1983 Znnkeretnl
`73/86102
`4,422,338 A 12/1983 snnth ------- -~
`-~ 73/861356
`4,491,025 A
`1/1985 Smlth etal.
`.. 73/861.355
`4,688,418 A
`8/1987 Chenng etn1~ -------- -- 73/2901
`4,727,746 A
`3/1988 Mikasa et a1.
`73/23.31
`4,757,390 A
`7/1988 Mehrgnrdt et n1~
`---- -- 386/34
`4,773,257 A
`9/1988 Aeleeen etn1~
`73/6144
`4782711 A 11/1988 Pratt -------- --
`-- 73/861356
`4,801,897 A
`V1989 Fleeken --------------- -- 331/65
`4,817,448 A
`4/1989 Hargarten etal. .
`.. 73/861356
`4,823,614 A *
`4/1989 Dahlin ........ ..
`.. 73/861357
`4,852,395 A
`8/1989 Kolpak
`73/6144
`4,852,409 A
`8/1989 Herzl ....... ..
`.. 73/861.356
`4,852,410 A *
`8/1989 CorWonetal. .
`.. 73/861.355
`4,879,911 A 11/1989 Zolock ........ ..
`.. 73/861.356
`
`.. 73/861.357
`1/1990 Mattaretal. .... ..
`4,891,991 A
`.
`.
`73/861.355
`1/1990 Bergamlnletal.
`4,895,030 A
`3/1990 Hargarten etal. ........... .. 73/198
`4,911,006 A
`3/1990 Thompson
`.. 73/861.356
`4,911,020 A *
`6/1990 Hussain
`.. 73/861.355
`4,934,195 A
`6/1990 Romano
`.. 73/861.356
`4,934,196 A *
`3/1991 Romano
`__ 73/g61356
`4,996,871 A
`7/1991 TitloWetal
`.. 73/861.356
`5,027,662 A
`7/1991 Llu et a1
`73/g6p04
`5,029,482 A
`9/1991 Thompson __
`__ 73/g61356
`5,050,439 A
`5,052,231 A 10/1991 Christ etal. ......... .. 73/861.356
`5,054,313 A 10/1991 Fitzgerald etal
`____ __ 73/5427
`5,054,326 A 10/1991 Mattar ......... ..
`73/861.355
`5,213,369 A
`6/1993 Pummer
`" 73/629
`5,228,327 A
`7/1993 Bruck
`73/134
`5,259,250 A 11/1993 Kolpak _____ __
`_ 73/g61355
`5,271,281 A 12/1993 Mattaretal ......... .. 73/861.355
`5,295,084 A
`3/1994 Arunachalam et a1‘ ______ __ 702/50
`5,301,557 A
`4/1994 Cage etal. ........... .. 73/861.355
`5,321,991 A
`6/1994 Kalotay ............... .. 73/861.357
`5,343,764 A
`9/1994 Mattaretal.
`.. 73/861.355
`5,347,874 A
`9/1994 Kalotay etal. ....... .. 73/861.357
`5,400,653 A
`3/1995 Kalotay etal. ....... .. 73/861.355
`5,429,002 A
`7/1995 Coleman
`__ 73/g61356
`5,469,748 A 11/1995 Kalotay ............... .. 73/861.356
`5,497,665 A
`3/1996 Cage etal. ........... .. 73/861.356
`5,497,666 A
`3/1996 Patten et a1,
`__ 73/g61355
`5,535,632 A
`7/1996 Kolpak .................. .. 73/86104
`5,555,190 A
`9/1996 Derby etal. ................ .. 702/45
`5,570,300 A 10/1996 Henry etal.
`....... .. 702/45
`5,578,764 A 11/1996 Yokoietal. .......... .. 73/861.356
`5,594,180 A
`1/1997 Carpenter et a1‘ ____ __ 73/g61356
`5,648,616 A
`7/1997 Keel ............ ..
`.. 73/861.356
`5,654,502 A
`8/1997 Dutton .................. .. 73/152.18
`5,676,461 A * 10/1997 Edwards ................ .. 366/1522
`5,687,100 A * 11/1997 Buttleretal.
`702/137
`5,732,193 A
`3/1998 Aberson .................... .. 706/45
`5,734,112 A
`3/199g Bose et a1, _____________ __ 73/86 156
`5,774,378 A
`6/199g Yang ________ __
`702/104
`5,804,741 A
`9/1998 Freeman .............. .. 73/861.356
`5,877,954 A
`3/1999 Klimasauskasetal. ..... .. 700/29
`5,926,096 A
`7/1999 Mattar etal. .............. .. 340/606
`5,969,264 A 10/1999 Rivkin ................. .. 73/861.356
`6,073,495 A
`6/2000 Stadler ................ .. 73/861.356
`
`11/2001 Dutton etal. ............ .. 73/6144
`6,318,156 B1
`11/2001 Smith etal. ..
`. 73/861.356
`6,318,186 B1
`12/2001 Button
`73/861‘356
`6,327,914 B1
`4/2002 Sharp ....................... .. 73/1.16
`6,378,354 B1
`1/2003 Hem-y et a1‘
`73/861‘356
`6,505,519 B2
`1/2003 Henryetal. ................ .. 702/45
`6,507,791 B2
`4/2003 ZuckerWar etal. ........ .. 600/528
`6,551,251 B2
`5/2003 Button et a1‘
`73/61‘44
`6,564,619 B2
`6,754,594 B2* 6/2004 Henry etal. ................ .. 702/45
`6,917,887 B2
`7/2005 Hem-y et 31‘
`7,136,761 B2* 11/2006 Henry etal. ................ .. 702/45
`2002/0033043 A1
`3/2002 Dutton etal. ............ .. 73/6144
`2002/0038186 A1
`3/2002 Henry etal. ................ .. 702/45
`2002/0133307 A1
`9/2002 Maginnis .................. .. 702/100
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`55
`EP
`
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`
`0076092623 :2
`0827096
`
`51332
`M998
`
`WO 93/21505
`W0 98/20306
`W0 00/10059
`WO 02/08703
`
`10/1993
`5/1998
`2/2000
`H2002
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`David Spitzer; “Mass FloWmeters”; Industries Flow Measurement,
`ChnPter12;PP~ 197-210; 1990,
`E. Lunttaetal, “NeuralNetWorkApproachtoUltrasonic FloWMea
`surements”, Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 10, pp.
`3543,1999
`European Search Reportissued in European Patent Application No.
`EP04021672,n1niledJul~10,2007,3Pngee
`J. Hemp et al., “On the Theory and Performance of Coriolis Mass
`FloWmeters”; Proceedings of theInternational Conference on Mass
`FlowMeasurementDirectandlndirect; IBC Technical Services; 40
`Pages; Feb. 1989.
`J.T. Grumski et al., “Performance of a Coriolis-type Mass Flow
`Meter in the Measurement of TWOPhase (air-liquid) Mixtures”,
`ASME Fluid Engineering Division Publication FED, v91, 17, PP
`7584,1984
`JOSePhDeCnrIO;“TrueMnss-FlewMeasurement”;Fundamentals0f
`FlnwMensuremenl, Unit 11-2; PP 208-220; 1984,
`Kutin, Joie, et al., “Phase-Locking Control ofthe Coriolis Meter’s
`Reeennnee Frequency Based on Virtual Instrumentation,” Sensors
`nndAelunl0rsA104 (2003), PP 86-93
`M. Henry et al., “The Implications of Digital Communications on
`Sensor Validation”, RePen N9 QUEL 1912/92, University of
`Oxford, DePnnnlent of Engineering seieneeAPr 1992
`M~P~ Henry et al, “A NeWAPPrOnCh t9 seneerVnlidntien”, In1Pr9v
`ingAnnlyeerPerfernlnnee,IMC,Mnr17,1992
`M.P. Henry et al., “A Self-Validating Digital Coriolis Mass-?ow
`Meter”(1);9verview,1999,
`M~P~ Henryet al, “A Stnndnrdlnterfnee fer Self-Validating Sensors”,
`RePOn N9 QUEL 1884/91, University of Oxford, DePnnnlent of
`Engineering Seienee, SeP- 1991
`M~P~ Henry etnle “signnlPreeeeeingDntn Handling and Conrnrn
`nications: The Case for Measurement Validation”, Mar. 1992.
`M.P.Henryetal.,“TheSelf-ValidatingSensor:RationaleDe?nitions
`and Examples”, Control Engineering Practice, 1 (4), PP 585-610,
`1993
`M~P~ Henry, “Self-Validation Improves Coriolis Meter”, Control
`Engineering, 42 (6), PP 8l-86(1995)~
`Merrimn-webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth Edition, 1998,11
`
`7/2000 Cunningham etal. .. 73/861.356
`6,092,429 A
`2/2001 Pado et al. ................ .. 700/104
`6,185,470 B1
`100001 Smith
`73/861357
`6 301973 B1
`10/2001 Blazey etal. ..
`.... .. 600/26
`6,309,342 B1
`6,311,136 B1 * 10/2001 Henry et a1. ................ .. 702/45
`
`747~
`“
`_
`_
`_
`_
`W00?" 6‘ 31" A PhaS‘?'L°°ked LOOP for Dnvmg V‘bmtmg Tube
`Denslmeters,” Rev. Sc1. Instrum., vol. 60, No. 3, Mar. 1989, pp.
`493'494'
`* cited by examiner
`
`2
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 1 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`-— Massflow
`Measurement
`105
`Digital J
`Controller
`
`100
`/“
`
`125
`Temp. /
`Sensor
`3
`5
`
`Driver ~——~—
`
`Flow Tube
`
`~——~—— Sensor
`
`\115
`
`\
`120
`
`\HO
`
`3
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 2 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`4
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 3 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`5
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 4 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`0
`
`ZOEEOO
`
`____MQOE
`
`,_.
`
`___
`
`mzoaoo
`
`(.,.CO
`
`<
`
`§{E
`
`_
`
`zo:oTJ¢mo
`
`Q3.
`
`m,\/
`
`m
`
`6m6
`
`6
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 5 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`oofiu
`
`_owmmoo:¢
`
`oflvw
`
`w_m2_ooh
`
`>¢o¢
`
`Ayn?
`
`
`
`moqmwv
`
`P<>o<>
`
`_ow:mm
`
`7
`
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 6 of 71
`
`Us 7,571,062 B2
`
`com
`
`wEoEm5m$§momQBmmm
`
`§_§EoE55
`
`
`
`3m.u_“_
`
`
`
`8
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 7 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`600
`W
`
`i
`605
`\ Collect
`Data
`i
`are
`\ Determine
`Frequency
`
`-
`‘
`615
`\ Determine/Eliminate
`Offset
`}
`620
`\ Determine
`.
`Amplitude
`
`}
`025
`\* Determine
`Phase
`i
`630
`\ Generate Drive
`Signal
`i
`635
`\ Generate
`Measurements
`
`FIG.6
`
`9
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 8 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`start_sample_51
`
`S1 - in
`
`voltage m /\
`
`T
`
`T
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`T
`
`F
`
`I
`
`T
`
`_
`
`Tlme
`
`i
`
`j
`
`_.{ l.-
`
`start_offset_51
`
`vonage
`
`starLoffseLSz
`
`S2- in
`
`Time
`
`start_sample_52
`
`FIG.7B
`
`10
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 9 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`0.12
`
`0.1 -
`
`Square of
`Sensor Voltage
`
`‘
`
`0.0
`
`8*
`
`(V
`
`0.06 —
`
`0.005
`
`0.04 P
`
`0.02 —
`
`0
`
`0
`
`104
`3X
`
`_
`
`Square of
`Sensor Voltage
`1w)
`
`0.01
`
`0.02
`
`0.015
`Time(s)
`F I G . 8 A
`
`_
`
`._
`
`—
`
`-
`
`_
`
`\/
`
`0.025
`
`0.03
`
`w
`
`_
`
`-0.5
`0.0121
`
`0.0121
`
`0.0122
`
`0.0122
`Time(s)
`
`0.0123
`
`0.0123
`
`11
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 10 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`9G5 -—~ Initialize Variabies
`
`i
`910
`\' Estimate endpoint
`915
`j
`\ Determine # of Points
`for Curve Fitting
`i
`
`920
`
`iterati0n_count = O
`
`925
`i
`\
`iteration_count = iteration_count + 1
`
`i
`930
`\ Select step iength
`
`ep_int = int end_point + 0.5)
`
`\_ Fiii 2 Array
`
`i
`940
`945 \
`i
`Smooth z[i<—i], zik]. Z[k+’i}
`Q50
`#
`\ Fit Quadratic
`i
`955
`\ Caiculate 2* a W:
`
`960
`
`FIG 9
`
`-
`
`N
`
`900
`)A/
`
`965
`l {
`end_point = _><*
`
`970
`
`iteration_ceunt<8
`
`975
`
`Calculate Frequency
`
`12
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 11 0171
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`1000
`
`1005
`\j Find f1, f2, m, 81mg
`for d1, Q2
`
`§
`_
`1010
`\ Determine
`fZmh ftmz
`$
`1015
`\ Determine Start and
`End of d1m2- d2m1
`i
`020
`\* Determine Phase.
`Amplitude for d1 and
`(12m, and Phase
`Difference
`+
`1025
`\_ Repeat for
`G2! dtmZ
`i
`080
`\ Generate Averages
`of Amplitude 8
`Phase Differences
`
`13
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 12 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`m Qm N me P.
`
`F _ __ _ _
`
`ow
`
`r ‘2206
`
`M210
`
`O
`
`o <: .um
`
`N 4,1205 0 MZKO
`
`Nd.
`
`2- m: .UE
`
`|
`
`1
`
`0
`
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`
`No
`
`0
`
`S‘
`
`we mowzmw
`
`AZ N wo<So>
`
`2- Q: .01
`
`14
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 13 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`2 2% 2% g; 2:‘; L . _W 0M6 UQEWHH
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
` iiii gig;g2_ \\ ; g Q _ ..... é ‘ .I Mr gm Q i: 2:: 2 5i? 0 _______ __ ________ 00¢ ............ W?
`
`gig; 2 a a _ 2 § 5 2 ~ “Mr
`
`15
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 14 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`
`
`
`
`hm<_.mv.o§-m><>>mm<:0mI._._>>mm3+>>O.E>._.n:>_mLmom&D_;E<+w
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
` _,§§:§§§§§§§§,1
`
`!O?!
`
`em
`
`Q2m_>En_
`
`o:<zo_m
`
`8.<2.D_n_
`
`_._@m_sEwo.\.ooomoweweNoSo
`
`§§§<§$§§§§§l2
`
`M
`
`S-
`
`
`
`om-mm;.O_u_
`
`to
`
`16
`
`.....5...O
`
`ed
`
`,.........i
`
`a
`
`ENmo<5o>
`
`6ms__._
`
`so2322.no2So.
`
`.2-DEOr.
`
`0
`
`.........INo!
`§-um_.0:
`
`
`
`@.....W....M...?.Wi::.3+,.4..........zumdEOwZwm
`
`AZ_m_u<Zo>
`
`16
`
`
`
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 15 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`1405
`\ Estimate Nominal
`Operating Frequency
`l
`1410
`\ Synthesize
`Nominal Signals
`‘F
`1415
`\_ Multiply by Original
`Sensor Signals
`i
`1420
`\ Eliminate
`High t Components
`‘
`1425
`\ Combine Signals
`to Produce u[k]
`£
`1430
`\ Calculate Frequency
`Deviation
`$
`1435
`\ Add to
`Nominal Frequency
`$
`1440
`\1 Determine
`Amplitude
`l
`1445
`\ Determine
`Phase Difference
`
`i400
`'M
`
`FIG. 14
`
`17
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 16 0f 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`1505
`
`\
`
`-__-> Mass Flow
`
`Measurement
`
`W15“)
`
`Digital Controller
`
`ll
`
`1
`
`0
`151
`f
`l
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 4, 2009
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`Sheet 51 of 71
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`53
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`53
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`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 52 of 71
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`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`mean = 81.9542, std = 0.0173229
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`rawfreq(Hetz)
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`FIG. 38A
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`54
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`HG. 38C
`
`54
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`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 53 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`Mean value = 000123826. std = 0.0117307
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`FIG. 38D
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`Mean value = 0.0169594, std = 0.0234245
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`FIG. 38E
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 54 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
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`Mean value = 0.663722, std = 0.00926315
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`56
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`56
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`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 55 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`mean = 81.9535, Std = 0.00533983
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`freq(Hertz) corrected
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` correctedphase(degrees)
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`Mean value = 000142935, std = 0000659252
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`40
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`60
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`FIG. 393
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`Mean vaiue = 0.0040215, Std = 0.0109707
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`(degrees)
`correctedphase
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`I 0
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`20
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`40
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`100
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`120
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`time(s)
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`57
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`57
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`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 56 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
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`X 10-3
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`Mean value = 000113804, std = 0000601559
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`(degrees)
`correctedphase
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`Mean value = 0.0167976, std = 0.00363328
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`58
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`58
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`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 57 of 71
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`US 7,571,062 B2
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`Mean vaiue = 0.663739, std = 0.0018275?
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sheet 67 of 71
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 4, 2009
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`Sheet 68 of 71
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`US 7,571,062 B2
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`SensorVoltage
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`20
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`30
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`70
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`70
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 69 of 71
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`US 7,571,062 B2
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 70 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`Collect Sensor
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`4500
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`Data
`
`4505
`
`Determine Frequency
`
`4510
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`Eliminate Zero Offset
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`4515
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`Determine Amplitude
`
`Determine Phase
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`Generate Drive
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`Signal
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`Generate Raw
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`Measurements
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`Stall Procedure
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`4570
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`Attemp Restart
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`MV Status = DAZZLED
`
`Generate Nun
`Flaw Measurements
`
`4575
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`Check for Proper
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`Uncertainty Analysis
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`Generate VMU, VU.
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`MV Status. Device Status
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`FIG. 45
`
`72
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`72
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`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 4, 2009
`
`Sheet 71 of 71
`
`US 7,571,062 B2
`
`4600
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`4615
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`4605 —~—_.
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`4625
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`73
`
`73
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`
`
`1
`DIGITAL FLOWMETER
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a