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`•
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`
`PATENT NUMBER
`6810019
`
`1111111111111
`6810019
`
`U.S. UTILITY Patent Application
`PATENT DATE
`0.I.P.E.
`
`OCT 2 6 Tug
`
`09/782360 •
`
`'(cid:9) r‘
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`APPUCATION No. - CONT/PRIOR CLASS "
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`NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED1
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`Amount Due
`Date Paid
`93 01 ipp4
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`ISSUE BATCH NUMBER
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`months of
`•(cid:9) The terminal(cid:9)
`this patent have been disclaimed.'
`WARNING:
`The information disclosed herein may be rest ' ! td.(cid:9) Unauthorized disclosure maybe prohibited by the United States Code Title 35, Sections 122, 181 and 368.
`Possession outside the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office is restricted to authorized employees and contractors only.
`FILED WITH: El DISK (CRF) c FICHE(cid:9)
`CD-ROM
`Form PTO-436A •
`(Rev. 6/99).
`(Attached in pocket on right inside flap)
`
`(date)
`
`The term of this patent
`subsequent to(cid:9)
`has been disclaimad.
`The term of this patent shall
`not extend beyond the expiration date
`of U.S Patent No.
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`

`ISSUE SLIP STAPLE AREA (for additional cross references)
`
`POSITION(cid:9)
`
`INITIALS
`
`ID NO.
`
`DATE
`
`FEE DETERMINATION
`O.I.P.E. CLASSIFIER
`FORMALITY REVIEW
`RESPONSE FORMALITY REVIEW
`
`fil
`
`INDEX OF CLAIMS
`N (cid:9)
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`staple additional sheet here
`
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`148
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`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`SEARCHED
`
`SEARCH NOTES
`
`(INCLUDING SEARCH STRATEGY)
`
`Class
`
`Sub.
`
`Date
`
`Exmr.
`
`Date
`
`'Exmr.
`
`-1-12
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`

`

`NITED STATES PATENT AND MADEMARIC OFFICE
`
`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`United State,. Patent and Trademark 0171.05
`AdAron: COMMISSIONER FOR PATENT 0
`PO. Dot 1450
`A144untki0201 nis 22313-1450
`w.0,1144104
`
`CONFIRMATION NO. 9738
`
`CLASS
`370
`
`GROUP ART UNIT
`2663
`
`ATTORNEY DOCKET
`NO.(cid:9)
`.%
`324-010105-US(PAR)
`
`111111111111111111111101111111111111.
`Bib Data Sheet
`
`SERIAL NUMBER
`091182,360
`
`RUNG DATE
`02/13/2001
`
`RULE
`
`AYPLICANTS
`
`Ville Steudle; Turku, FINLAND;
`
`" CONTINUING DATA """*""*""*""""
`
`" FOREIGN APPLICATIONS "*""*""""""(cid:9)
`FINLAND 20000380 02/18/2000
`
`---___
`
`IF REQUIRED, FOREIGN FILING LICENSEGRANTED
`" 04/04/2001
`Foreign Priority claimed
`35 USC 119 (341) conditions
`Verified and Acknowledged
`
`NI yes /;I no
`met 0-yes q no q Met after Allowance
`Examiner's Signature(cid:9)
`Initials
`
`STATE OR
`COUNTRY
`FINLAND
`
`SHEETS
`. DRAWING
`.(cid:9)
`•(cid:9)
`5(cid:9)
`-
`
`TOTAL
`CLAIMS
`15
`
`INDEPENDENT
`CLAIMS
`4
`
`ADDRESS
`Clarence A. Green(cid:9)
`.
`PERMAN & GREEN, LLP
`425 Post Road
`Fairfield , CT
`06430
`
`TITLE
`REDUCING INTERFERENCE IN INTER-FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT
`
`FILING FEE
`RECEIVED •
`920
`
`FEES: Authority has been given
`to charge/credit
`No.(cid:9)
`for following:
`No.(cid:9)
`
`in Paper
`DEPOSIT ACCOUNT
`
`q (cid:9) All Fees
`q (cid:9) 1.16 Fees ( Filing)
`q (cid:9) 1.17 Fees ( Processing Ext. of time )
`q (cid:9) 1.18 Fees ( Issue )
`q (cid:9) Other
`q (cid:9) Credit
`
`LGE_0000017
`
`

`

`PATENT APPLICATION SERIAL NO.
`
`U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`FEE RECORD SHEET
`
`02/20/2001 MEDAN' 00000136 09782360
`710.00 OP
`01 FC:101(cid:9)
`80.00 OP
`02 FC:102(cid:9)
`
`PTO-1556
`(5/87)
`
`*U.$. GPO: 2000468-987/39595
`
`LGE_0000018
`
`
`
`

`

`.(cid:9)
`
`.(cid:9)
`
`.(cid:9)
`
`.(cid:9)
`
`,(cid:9)
`
`.(cid:9)
`
`0 k \ 4 --=0 •
`
`.(cid:9)
`
`.
`
`Docket No.
`324:010105-US(PAlt)
`Total Pages in this Submission
`4
`
`UTILITY PATENT APPLICATION TRANSMITTAL
`(Large Entity)
`(Only for new non provisional applications under 37 CFR 1.53(b))
`
`11(cid:9)
`
`ielo
`tn,
`
`TO THE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER FOR PATENTS
`Box Patent Application
`Washington, D.C. 20231
`herewith for filing under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) and 37 C.F.R. 1.53(b) is a new utility patent application for an
`Transmitted
`invention
`entitled:
`REDUCING INTERFERENCE IN INTER-FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT
`
`and
`
`invented by:
`Ville STEUDLE(cid:9)
`
`(34C
`ran
`.i.",s0J....=
`—1,—......m
`e---
`---t-ion
`coo
`=
`
`If
`a CONTINUATION APPLICATION, check appropriate box and supply the requisite
`information:
`No.:
`q (cid:9) Continuation(cid:9) q (cid:9) Divisional(cid:9) q (cid:9) Continuation-in-part (CIP)(cid:9) of prior application
`is a:
`Which
`q (cid:9) Continuation(cid:9) q (cid:9) Divisional(cid:9) q (cid:9) Continuation-in-part (CIP)(cid:9) of prior application
`is a:
`Which
`q (cid:9) Continuation(cid:9) q (cid:9) Divisional(cid:9) q (cid:9) Continuation-in-part (CIP)(cid:9) of prior application
`
`No.:
`
`No.:
`
`Enclosed
`
`are:
`
`Application Elements
`
`1.(cid:9) M(cid:9) Filing fee as calculated and transmitted as described below
`
`2.(cid:9) M(cid:9) Specification having(cid:9)
`
`14(cid:9)
`
`pages and including the
`
`following:
`
`a.(cid:9) M(cid:9)
`Descriptive Title of the Invention
`b(cid:9) q (cid:9) Cross References to Related Applications (if applicable)
`C. 0(cid:9) Statement Regarding Federally-sponsored Research/Development (if
`d. q (cid:9)
`Reference to Microfiche Appendix (if applicable)
`e.(cid:9) NI(cid:9) Background of the Invention
`Brief Summary of the Invention
`[8](cid:9)
`f.(cid:9)
`Brief Description of the Drawings (if drawings filed)
`9.(cid:9) M(cid:9)
`h.(cid:9) M(cid:9) Detailed Description
`1.(cid:9) El(cid:9) Claim(s) as Classified Below
`Abstract of the Disclosure
`j. N(cid:9)
`
`applicable)
`
`Pagel of 4
`
`P07ULRG/REVOS
`
`LGE_0000019
`
`(cid:9)
`

`

`Docket No.
`324-010105-US(PAR)
`
`Total Pages in this Submission
`4
`
`UTILITY PATENT APPLICATION TRANSMITTAL
`(Urge Entity)
`(Only for new nbnproVisional applications under 37 CFR 1.53(b))
`
`Application Elements (Continued)
`3. El Drawing(s) (when necessary as prescribed by 35 USC 113)
`a. q Formal(cid:9)
`
`Number of Sheets
`
`b. El Informal(cid:9)
`
`Number of Sheets(cid:9)
`
`5
`
`4. 0 Oath or Declaration
`. q Newly executed (original or copy)(cid:9) q Unexecuted
`
`b.
`
`c.
`
`q Copy from a prior application (37 CFR 1.63(d)) (for continuation/divisional application only)
`
`q With Power of Attorney(cid:9) q Without Power of Attorney
`
`d.
`
`q DELETION OF INVENTOR(S)
`Signed statement attached deleting inventor(s) named in the prior application,
`see 37 C.F.R. 1.63(d)(2) and 1.33(b),
`5. 0 Incorporation By Reference (usable if Box 4b is checked)
`The entire disclosure of the prior application, from which a copy of the oath or declaration is supplied
`under Box 4b, is considered as being part of the disclosure of the accompanying application and is hereby
`incorporated by reference therein.
`Computer Program in Microfiche (Appendix)
`
`6.(cid:9)
`
`0
`
`7. q Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Submission (if applicable, all must be included)
`a. q Paper Copy
`b q Computer Readable Copy (identical to computer copy)
`
`c. 0 Statement Verifying Identical Paper and Computer Readable Copy
`
`Accompanying Application Parts
`
`8. M Assignment Papers (cover sheet & document(s))
`
`9. 0 37 CFR 3.73(B) Statement (when there is an assignee)
`
`10. 0 English Translation Document (if applicable)
`
`11.
`
`q Information Disclosure Statement/PTO-1449(cid:9) q Copies of IDS Citations
`
`12. 0 Preliminary Amendment
`
`13. M Acknowledgment postcard
`
`14.
`
`l Certificate of Mailing
`
`q First Class M Express Mail (Specify Label No.): EL627425036US
`
`Page 2 of 4
`
`POIULRGIREVO5
`
`LGE_0000020
`
`
`

`

`UTILITY PATENT APPLICATION TRANSMITTAL
`(Large Entity)
`(Only for new non provisional applications under 37 CFR 1.53(6))
`
`Docket No:
`324-010105-US(PAR)
`
`Total Pages in this Submission
`•(cid:9)
`4
`
`Accompanying Application Parts (Continued)
`
`15. N Certified Copy of Priority Document(s) (if foreign priority is claimed)
`
`16. N Additional Enclosures (please identify below):
`Applicant claims priority from Finnish Patent Application No. FI 20000380 filed 18 February 2000
`
`Request That Application Not Be Published Pursuant To 35 U.S.C. 122(b)(2)
`
`17.
`
`q Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 122(6)(2), Applicant hereby requests that this patent application not be
`published pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 122(b)(1). Applicant hereby certifies that the invention disclosed
`in this application has not and will not be the subject of an application filed in another country, or
`under a multilateral international agreement, that requires publication of applications 18 months
`after filing of the application.
`
`elf
`
`Warning
`
`An applicant who makes a request not to publish, but who subsequently files in a foreign
`country or under a multilateral international agreement specified in 35 U.S.C.
`122(b)(2)(B)( fi, must notify the Director of such filing not later than 45 days after the date of
`the filing of such foreign or international application. A failure of the applicant to provide
`such notice within the prescribed period shall result in the application being regarded as
`abandoned, unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the Director that the delay in
`submitting the notice was unintentional.
`
`Page 3 of 4(cid:9)
`
`POIULRGIREVO5
`
`LGE_0000021
`
`

`

`UTILITY PATENT APPLICATION TRANSMITTAL
`(Large Entity)
`(Only for new non provisional applications under 37 CFR 1.53(b))
`
`Docket No.
`324-010105-US(PAlt)
`Total Pages in this Submission
`4
`
`Fee Calculation and Transmittal
`
`CLAIMS AS FILED
`#Allowed
`#Extra(cid:9)
`For(cid:9)
`- 20 =
`Total Claims
`- 3 =
`Indep. Claims
`Multiple Dependent Claims (check if applicable)
`
`#Filed(cid:9)
`15
`
`A
`
`•ft
`
`OTHER FEE (specify purpose)
`
`Assignment Cover Sheet
`
`Rate
`$18.00
`$80.00
`
`BASIC FEE
`
`TOTAL FILING FEE
`
`Fee
`$0.00
`$80.00
`$0.00
`$710.00
`$40.00
`$830 00
`
`to cover the filing fee is enclosed.
`5830.00(cid:9)
`N A check in the amount of(cid:9)
`N The. Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge and credit Deposit Account No.
`as described below. A duplicate copy of this sheet is enclosed.
`as filing fee.
`O Charge the amount of(cid:9)
`N Credit any overpayment.
`N Charge any additional filing fees required under 37 C.F.R. 1.16 and
`fre
`q Charge the issue fee set in 37 C.F.R. 1.18 at the mailing of the I - of Allowance
`pursuant to 37 C.F.R. 1.311(b).
`
`16-1350
`
`Dated. TS1---120
`
`CUSTOMER NUMBER: 2512
`
`CC:
`
`Page 4 of 4(cid:9)
`
`POWLRGAREVO
`
`LGE_0000022
`
`

`

`CERTIFICATE OF MAIL_ ..G BY "EXPRESSS MAIL" (37 CFR 1. il
`Applicant(s): Vile STEUDLE
`
`Serial No.
`
`Filing Date
`13 February 2001
`
`Docket No.
`
`324-010105-US(PAR)
`
`Group Art Unit
`
`Invention: REDUCING INTERFERENCE 1N INTER-FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT,
`
`I hereby certify that this
`
`(Identify type of correspondence)
`is being deposited with the United States Postal Service "Express Mail Post Office to Addressee service under
`
`37 CFR 1.10 in an envelope addressed to: The Commissioner of Patents and . Trademarks Washington, D.C.
`
`20231-0001 on
`
`13 February 2001
`(Date)
`
`Elain Mian
`(Typed or Printed Name of Person Mailing Correspondence)
`
`)
`49).
`(Signature of Person Mailing Correspondence)
`
`EL627425036US
`(' Express Mail" Marling Label Number)
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`Note: Each paper mist have its own certifiSie of Silting.
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`Copyright 1995 legalsoft
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`PD6S5REVO2
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`REDUCING INTERFERENCE IN INTER-FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT
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`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
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`1. Field of the Invention
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`The invention relates to measuring inter-frequencies in a mobile telephone
`system employing frequency division duplex (FFD) and especially to optimising said
`measurements With respect to the total output in a system employing code division
`multiple access (CDMA).
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`2. Brief Description of Related Developments
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`Third-generation mobile telephone systems called UMTS (Universal
`Mobile Telephone System) and IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telephone System),
`15 for instance, will use wideband code division multiple access technology, i.e. WCDMA
`technology, on the radio path. In a WCDMA system, all mobile stations in a cell use
`the same frequency between each other on the transmission link from the mobile
`station to the base station and correspondingly, the same frequency between each other
`on the transmission link from the base station to the mobile station A WCDMA
`20 system can in mobile telephone "systems be-implemented either as frequency division
`duplex (FDD) or time division duplex OM
`In an FDD-type WCtMA system, the uplink direction (from the mobile
`station to the base station) and the downlink direction (front the base station to the
`mobile station) transmissions are independent of each other. Thus, the base stations
`25 need not be synchronized with respect to each other, either. It is, however, typical of
`CDMA systems that a downlink transmission is performed simultaneously from several
`base stations to one mobile station, which transmission the receiver of the mobile
`station is arranged to . receive. This arrangement is called a soft handover, and to
`control it, the mobile station must perform various parameter measurements for both
`30 uplink and downlink connections. Corresponding measurements are also used in
`Updating the location , of a mobile station and , in handovers between WCDMA and
`GSM systems.
`The receiver of a mobile station is typically arranged to receive only one
`frequency at a time, which means that one set of receiving means is enough for the
`35 mobile station and there is no need to design antenna diversity to them, which is
`advantageous both in view of cost and making the structure of the mobile station
`simple. The mobile station can also be designed to comprise several receiving means
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`(dual receiver), which usually include antenna diversity. This type of mobile station is,
`however, more expensive and complex to implement
`Thus, the parameter measurements described above can be performed in a
`5 typical one-receiver mobile station only when there is no transinission. This also
`applies to dual-receiver mobile stations when one set of transmission/reception means
`transmits on almost the same frequency as a second set of transmission/reception
`means performs Measdrethenti. In an FDD-type WCDMA system, the transmission is
`interrupted for a while by generating in a frame a gap during which transmission is
`10 interrupted. This is done by using what is known as compressed mode or slotted mode
`in which information normally transmitted in a 10-ms frame is transmitted in a shorter
`time. Since the same information is transmitted in a shorter time, a gap remains in the
`frame, during which measurements of the parameters described above can then be
`performed Depending on the measurement situation and the transmitter properties,
`compressed mode is only used in uplink or downlink transmissions, ot a combined
`uplink/downlink compressed mode can also be used.
`In CDMA systems, all mobile stations connected to a certain cell typically
`use the same frequency bands in uplink and downlink transmissions, which means that
`the transmissions of various mobile stations and base stations cause interference to
`20 each other. In addition, due to the signal propagation mechanism, signals transmitted
`from a mobile station close to a base station arrive at the base station stronger than
`those transmitted with the stile power bin further away froth the base station, i.e.
`what is known as a near-far effect takes place To maximize the capacity of a CDMA
`system in relation to the radio interface, it is essential that signals arriving at the base
`25 station have substantially the same average power, i.e. signal-to-interference ratio
`(SIR). Owing to this, CDMA systems are characterized by a fast but complex
`transmission power control method.
`In the compressed mode described above, a certain amount of data to be
`transmitted is compressed to be transmitted in a shorter time, in which case the
`30 transmission power must be momentarily increased to maintain a constant signal-to-
`interference ratio. Increasing the transmission power then also causes interference to
`the transmissions of mobile stations in the same cell, and they, too, need to increase
`their transmission power to compensate for the interterenct.
`A problem with the above arrangement is that the present WCDMA system,
`35 does not define where in a time division frame compressed mode is used, in other
`words, where in the frame a gap is generated for measuring parameters. Thus, the gaps
`may randomly fall anywhere th the frame If in several mobile stations, the
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`gap falls into substantially the same place, the compressed places in Which transmission
`power has been increased, also overlap at least partly. The total interference in the
`system then increases and the average transmission power of the mobile stations must
`be increased. Further, increasing the transmission power may cause an uncontrolled
`state in which all mobile stations increase their transmission power to its maximum,
`whereby the capacity limit of the system is reached and the quality of the transmissions
`decreases. Because the base station, too, typically transmits at the same frequency as
`the mobile stations, the downlink direction transmission power must also be increased
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
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`In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a method for
`defining measurement gaps in a wireless telecommunications system comprising one
`base station and several wireless terminals, the method comprising: defining for the
`terminals in said telecommunications system measurement patterns which define
`locations of gaps used for measurements in a time-slot frame, and sending the
`measurement patterns to the corresponding terminals through the base station. The
`method is characterized in that various delays are defined for the measurement patterns
`of said terminals so that the gaps of different terminals are in substantially different
`locations in the time-slot frame.
`The invention also relates to a wireless telecommunications system
`comprising a fixed network, at least one base station and several wireless terminals and
`means for defining measurement patterns for terminals, which measurement patterns
`define locations of gaps used in measurements in a time-slot frame and which base
`25 station comprises a transmitter for transmitting the measurement patterns to the
`corresponding terminals. The telecommunications system is characterized in that said
`means for defining measurement patterns are arranged to define various delays for said
`terminal measurement patterns so that the gaps of different terminals are in
`substantially different locations in the time-slot frame.
`30 The invention further relates to a terminal in a wireless telecommunications
`system, which terminal comprises a receiver for receiving measurement pattern
`definitions defined by the telecommunications system and processing means for
`arranging gaps in a time-slot frame according to the measurement pattern definitions,
`and which is characterized in that said processing means are also arranged to set for
`35 the measurement pattern a delay according to the measurement pattern definitions
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`The invention also relates to a base station in a wireless
`telecommunications system, to which base station means , are operationally connected
`5 for defining measurement patterns for terminals, which measurement patterns define
`locations of gaps used in measurements in the time-slot frame and which base station
`comprises a transmitter for transmitting the measurement patterns to the terminals. The
`base station is characterized in that said means for defining measurement patterns
`operationally connected to said base station are arranged to define various delays for
`10 said terminal measurement patterns so that the gaps of different terminals are in
`substantially different locations in the time-slot frame.
`The invention is based on the idea that to make measurements, especially
`those performed in compressed mode, non-simultaneous, at least partly different delays
`are set for the measurement patterns defining the measurement gaps of each mobile
`station, whereby time-slots also transmitted in compressed mode at a higher data rate
`are distributed more evenly to various mobile stations in relation to the time-slot frame.
`The method and system of the invention provides the advantage that by
`optimizing the distribution of the measurement gaps between various mobile stations,
`the interference caused by mobile stations to each other at a higher transmission power
`is reduced. This provides the further advantage that the average transmission power of
`the system remains low, thus improving the capacity of the system.
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
`In the following, the invention will be described in greater detail by means
`25 of preferred embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings, in which
`Figure 1 shows the structure of an UMTS mobile telephone system in a
`simplified block diagram,
`Figure 2 shows a frame structure used on the radio link of a WCDMA
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`system,
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`to prior art,
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`Figure 3 illustrates scribe parameters used in defining compressed mode,
`Figures 4a and 4b show some measurement pattern definitions according
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`Figure 5 shows a comparison between prior art measurement pattern
`definitions and those of the invention in a table, and
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`Figure 6 shows the structure of a radio system and mobile station of the
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
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`The invention can be used in all wireless telecommunications systems
`needing total transmission power control on the uplink transmission path, especially for
`distributing uplink transmissions and interference of terminals evenly in relation to
`10 time. The method of the invention can also be applied to decreasing the transmission
`power of a downlink transmission path. The examples describe the use of the invention
`in a universal mobile telephone system employing wideband code division multiple
`access, without, however, limiting the invention to it.
`The structure of an UMTS mobile telephone system is described , with
`15 reference to Figure 1 Figure 1 only contains the blocks essential for explaining the
`invention, but it is obvious , to a person skilled in the art that a conventional mobile
`telephone system also comprises other functions and structures, which need not be
`described in greater detail herein. The main parts of a mobile telephone system are a
`core network CN, a UMTS mobile telephone system terrestrial radio access network
`20 UTRAN, and a mobile station or user equipment UE. The interface between CN and
`UTRAN is referred to as Iu and the air interface between UTRAN and UE is referred
`to as Uu.
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`UTRAN typically comprises radio network subsystems RNS, the interface
`between the RNSs being referred to as Iur (not shown) A radio network subsystem
`25 RNS comprises a radio network controller RNC and one or more nodes B The
`interface between RNC and B is referred to as Iub. The service area, i.e. cell, of node
`B is indicated with C in Figure 1
`The user equipment UE can, for instance, be a fixed or a portable terminal
`or one installed in a vehicle. The infrastructure UTRAN of the radio network
`30 comprises radio network subsystems RNS, i.e. base station systems. The radio
`network subsystem RNS comprises a radio network controller RNC, i.e. a base station
`controller, and at least one node B, i e base station, under its control.
`The base station B has a multiplexer 114, transceivers 116 and a control
`unit 118 which controls the operation of the transceivers 116 and the multiplexer 114
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`With the multiplexer 114, the traffic and control channels used by several transceivers
`116 are placed in the transmission link Tub
`The transceivers 116 of the base station B are connected to an antenna unit
`5 120 with which a bi-directional radio link Uu is implemented to the user equipment
`UE. The structure of the frames being transmitted over the bi-directional radio link Uu
`is clearly specified
`The radio network controller RNC comprises a group switching field 110
`and a control unit 112. The group switching field 110 is used for speech and data
`connection and to connect signalling circuits The base station system formed by the
`base station B and the radio network controller RNC also comprises a transcoder 108
`Distribution of tasks between the radio network controller RNC and the base station B
`as well as their physical structure can vary depending on implementation. Typically, the
`base station B takes care 'of the radio path implementation as described abeVe. The
`radio network controller RNC typically takes care . of the following: Management of
`radio resources, control of handover between cells, power adjustment, timing and
`synchronization, paging the subscriber terminal.
`The transcoder 108 is usually located as close as possible to a mobile
`switching centre 106, because speech can then be transmitted in mobile telephone
`system format between the transcoder 108 and the radio network controller RNC,
`saving transmission capacity The transcoder 108 converts the different digital coding
`formats of speech used between the public switched telephone network and the mobile
`telephone network to be compatible with each other, for instance from the 64 kbit/s
`format of a public network to another (e.g 13 kbit/s) format of a cellular network and
`vice versa. The hardware required is not described in detail herein, but it should be
`• noted that other data than speech is not converted in the transcoder 108 The control
`unit 112 takes care of call control, mobility management, collection of statistics, and
`signalling
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`The core network CN comprises an infrastructure belonging to a mobile
`telephone system and external to UTRAN. Figure 1 describes two of the components
`in a core network CN, i.e. a mobile switching centre 106 and a gateway mobile
`switching centre 104 which handles the connections of the mobile telephone system to
`the outside world, such as to a public analogue telephone network (PSTN, public
`switched telephone network) 101 or a digital telephone network (ISDN, integrated
`services digital network) 102 or to the Internet 103. It should be noted that the UMTS
`system is designed so that the core network CN can be identical with that of the GSM
`system, thus making it Unnecessary to rebuild the entire network infrastructure
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`Figure 2 shows the frame structure of an FDD-type WCDMA System in a
`physical channel. Frames 240A, 240)3, 240C, 240D are numbered sequentially from 1
`to 72, and they form a 720-millisecond long super frame. The length of this super
`5 frame is a multiple of the multi-frame of the GSM system (6x120 ms) which, for its
`part, makes it possible to use the GSM core network in a WCDMA system The length
`of one frame 240 is 10 milliseconds. Frame 240 is divided into fifteen (0 to 14) slots
`230A, 230B, 230C, 230D. The length of one slot 230C is 2560 chips, i.e. 0.666
`milliseconds. One slot 230 typically corresponds to one power adjustment period
`during which power is adjusted one decibel up or down, for instance
`Physical channels are divided into two groups: common physical channels
`and dedicated physical channels.
`The following transport charnels are transmitted in the cornmon physical
`channels PCH (paging channel), BCH (broadcast channel, RACE (random access
`15 channel) and FACH (forward access channel).
`Dedicated physical channels comprise dedicated physical data channels
`(DPDCH) 210 and dedicated physical control channels (DPCCH) 212. Dedicated
`physical data channels 210 are used to transmit dedicated control channels, i.e. data
`200 which is generated on the second layer of OSI (Open Systems Interconnection)
`20 and above Dedicated physical control channels 212 transmit control information
`generated on the first layer of OSI. Control information comprises at least pilot bits
`208 used in channel estimation, feedback information (FBI) 204, transmit power
`control commands (TPC) 206, and optionally a transport format combination indicator
`(TFCI) 202. The transport format combination indicator 202 indicates to the receiver
`the transmission formats of the different transport channels, i.e. the transport format
`combination, used m the frame m question
`As shown in Figure 2, on the downlink, the dedicated physical data
`channels 210 and the dedicated physical control channels 212 are time-multiplexed to
`the same slot 230C. However, on the uplink, the channels in question are transmitted
`30 parallel so that they are IQ/code-multiplexed to each frame 240C.
`Figure 3 shows parameters relevant to the invention, which are used m
`defining compressed mode in an FDD-type WCDMA system. A connection frame
`number (CFN) defines the number of the time division frame in which the application
`of the compressed mode is started. In other words, CFN defines the frame into whose
`35 time-slot(s) a gap is left for measuring inter-frequency parameters. A transmission gap
`starting slot number (TGSN) defines the time-slot of the 15 time-slots in the frame in
`question, from which the gap starts Transmission gap length 1/2 (TGL1/2) defines
`how long the gap is as a number of time-slots, in other words, it defines the length of
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`time during which transmission is interrupted at one time. Transmission gap distance
`(TGD) is the distance between two consecutive gaps indicated as a number of time-
`slots. Transmission gap pattern length 1/2 (TGPL1/2) defines the number of
`5 consecutive frames which comprise one or two gaps. Sequences of transmission gap
`pattern lengths are repeated until the required measurement has been made. The total
`time of measurement is defined as a transmission gap period repetition count
`(TGPRC), which is indicated as a number of frames and typically comprises several
`gap patterns It should be noted that other parameters, too, are used in compressed
`10(cid:9) mode definition, but a more detailed description of them is not essential for the
`invention
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`The performance of the measurements is typically defined by means of the
`parameters TGL1/2, TGPL1/2, TGD and TGPRC.