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`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
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`0.2
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`0.18
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`0.16
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`0.14
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`0.12
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`0.1
`
`0.02
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`0.08
`
`0.06
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`0.04
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`2
`
`4
`
`6
`
`8
`
`10
`
`12
`
`14
`
`16
`
`18
`
`20
`
`Figure 6. Histogram for needed transmissions per hybrid II ARQ packet. Both Q-O-QAM and B-0-
`QAM packet are included.
`
`7. 7.3.3 Macro cell
`
`7.7.3.3.1 Speech
`
`The simulated capacity is 55 kbps/MHz/cell. Then the blocking and dropping is less than 1 % and bad
`quality is less than 1 %. Thus quality requirements are fulfilled with that loading. An user uses in
`average 1.48 slots per frame when it is active. The average fractional cell loading was 72 % in the
`middle cells. The used power dynamics was 10 dB.
`
`With macro cell speech simulations the matrix was 16 time slots x 3 frequencies, which indicates reuse
`1/3. In reality the number of time slots would be 64. Only 16 time slots is used in order to reduce
`simulation time. Thus less diversity is obtained and more blocking happens which leads to that the
`simulated capacity becomes lower than with the full charmel matrix.
`
`7.7.3.3.2 LCD384
`
`The simulated capacity is 113 kbps/MHz/cell. In this simulation 98,1% of all users are satisfied, thus
`quality requirements are fulfilled with this loading. The used modulation is B-O-QAM and available
`link adaptation modes are 6/16, 8/16 and 12/16. With macro cell LCD3 84 simulations the matrix is 16
`time slots x 9 frequencies, which indicates reuse 1/ 1. The average fractional cell loading is ca. 28 % in
`the middle cells. During the simulation, the ratio link adaptation modes (6/ 16, 8/16 and 12/16) were
`11%, 36% and 52%, respectively.
`
`7.7.4 Discussion
`
`System simulation results for WB-TDMA are shown. The used RRM scheme is based on the
`interference averaging principle. In order to study the effects of fast algorithms such as ARQ and
`Frequency hopping, the interface between link and system level results is implemented according to [2].
`
`The results present a lower bound case due to several reasons: downlink results are presented, all the
`possible enhancements by the interference averaging radio resource management algorithms are not
`implemented and network parameter optimization is not completed.
`
`These simulations have been done with FDD assumption. To some extent these results can be
`generalized to show the trends also for the TDD mode. Detailed TDD simulations would be needed to
`evaluate the TDD specific features such as flexibility for resource allocation in up- and downlink and
`
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`utilization of asymmetric spectrum allocations. Also the link level results for TDD may be enhanced
`due to algorithms that make us of reciprocity of the charmel.
`
`The future improvements to be tested include several things. Among these are interference cancellation,
`antemra diversity, antenna diversity, the application of ARQ to LCD data, better coding schemes (e. g.
`increased constraint length, optimal puncturing and concatenated codes), optimized mapping of user
`data into packets, fast power control and channel allocation to cells.
`
`Future work will include the estimation of signaling overhead and degradation of the obtained capacity
`due to signaling. The estimated signaling load is less than 10 % of the capacity. This load has not been
`subtracted from the presented capacity figures.
`
`The obtained simulation results show high capacity for the WB-TDMA system especially for UDD
`services. Main conclusions are:
`
`0 WB-TDMA with interference averaging is very promising alternative especially for non delay
`sensitive packet services.
`
`0 High capacities can be provided without extensive frequency and network management
`
`0
`
`Since WB-TDMA has hardly any intra cell interference and reuse 1 can be applied, additional inter
`cell interference management and reduction techmques, such as adaptive antennas, joint detection
`and cell planmng can still increase the capacity.
`
`0 For RT services the possible gains of faster quality based power control should be investigated.
`
`7. 8 REFERENCES
`
`[1] UMTS 30.03 v3.0.0 “Selection procedure for the choice of radio technologies of UMTS”, Annex 2
`
`[2] ETSI SMG2 UMTS ad hoc #3 TDoc 73, Rennes, 1997.
`
`[3] ETSI SMG2 Gamma Concept Group, TDoc G18/97, Sollentuna, 1997.
`
`[4] ETSI SMG2 Gamma Concept Group, TDoc /97, Bad Salzderfurth, 1997 .
`
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`8. High Level Requirements
`This section describes how the W-TDMA concept meets the High Level Requirements for UTRA.
`Boxed text from ETR 04-01 has been included for reference.
`
`Some issues are identified for further study by Gamma Group. Others may be more appropriate for
`consideration by SMG2 during later stages of UMTS standardisation.
`
`8. 1 Bearer capabilities
`
`8.1.] Maximum user bit rate
`
`The UTRA should support a range of maximum user bit rates that depend upon a users current enviromnent as
`follows:
`
`It is desirable that the definition of UTRA should allow evolution to higher bit rates.
`
`Rural Outdoor: at least 144 kbit/s (goal to achieve 384 kbit/s), maximum speed: 500 km/h
`
`Suburban Outdoor: at least 384 kbps (goal to achieve 512 kbit/s), maximum speed: 120 km/h
`
`Indoor/Low range outdoor: at least 2Mbps, maximum speed: 10 km/h
`
`- Rural Outdoor: 144kbps will be available throughout the operator’s service area. The radio interface
`can tolerate the Doppler spread and rapidly changing charmel characteristics associated with high speed
`vehicles (up to at least l500kn1/h with 1/64 slot bursts). The maximum cell size depends on propagation
`conditions, but is comparable with GSM (assuming similar requirements for bearer capabilities and
`quality of service).
`
`- Suburban Outdoor: 384kbps rate will be available with complete coverage of a suburban or urban area
`
`- Indoor/Low range outdoor: 2Mbps will be available indoors and over localised coverage outdoors
`
`The maximum practical bit rate which can be provided depends on factors such as the operating
`environment, required quality of service, traffic loading and proximity of mobile to base station..
`However, the radio interface can support rates up to around lMbps for Rural and Suburban Outdoor,
`and 4Mbps over short ranges.
`
`8.1.1.1 Bearer Service Attributes
`
`i.e. different connection
`The W-TDMA concept can provide bearers with the necessary attributes.
`modes, symmetry, communication configuration, information transfer rate, delay variation, maximum
`transfer delay, maximum bit error rate, error characteristics.
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`8.1.2 Flexibility
`
`Negotiation of bearer service attributes (bearer type, bit rate, delay, BER, up/down link symmetry, protection
`including none or unequal protection),
`
`parallel bearer services (service mix), real-time / non-real-time commumcation modes, adaptation of bearer
`service bit rate
`
`Circuit switched and packet oriented bearers
`
`Supports scheduling (and pre-emption) of bearers (including control bearers) according to priority
`
`Adaptivity of link to quality, traffic and network load, and radio conditions (in order to optimise the link in
`different enviromnents).
`
`Bearer services appropriate for speech shall be provided.
`
`Wide range of bit rates should be supported with sufficient granularity
`
`Variable bit rate real time capabilities should be provided.
`
`The W-TDMA concept provides flexibility of bearer service attributes by use of a number of different
`transmission bursts optimised for different bit rates in different radio enviromnents. The Link
`Adaptation mechanism can be used to dynamically maintain the quality of the connection under changes
`in propagation and interference conditions by adjusting transmission fonnat and number of slots
`allocated.
`
`Bit rate granularity is achieved primarily by allocating different numbers of transmission slots, but this
`can be suplemented if necessary by adjusting charmel coding rates.
`
`Parallel bearers can be transmitted independently, or where appropriate by multiplexing together into a
`single charmel.
`
`Circuit switched and packet oriented services are supported efficiently by Real-Time and Non-Real-
`Time bearer concepts.
`
`Variable rate data services are supported by dynamically changing the capacity allocation.
`
`Scheduling of bearers is allowed, but could be the subject of further study by SMG2.
`
`Bearers optimised for speech are available.
`
`The bearer service attributes can be configured as required on imtiation of a service, and changed
`dynamically if required.
`
`8.1.2.1 Minimum bearer capabilities
`
`The following table shows the potential combinations for the most important characterisation attributes
`(based on ETR-04-01).
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`Non Real Time/Variable Delay
`- Real Time/Constant Delay
`Operating
`Peak Bit Rate
`BER/ Max Transfer Peak Bit
`BER / Max Transfer
`environment
`(note 6)
`Delay (note 1)
`Rate
`Delay (note 2)
`
`Rural outdoor
`.
`(terrnlnal
`speed up to
`500 km/h)
`
`Urban/
`Suburban
`outdoor
`
`(Terminal
`speed up to
`120 km/h)
`
`Indoor/ Low
`range outdoor
`(Terminal
`speed up to 10
`km/h)
`
`at least 144
`kbit/s
`
`granlllarity
`l3kb/s (note 3)
`
`at least 384
`kbit/s
`.
`granularity
`74kb/s (note 4)
`
`delay 20 — 300 ms
`.3
`.7
`BER l0 - 10
`
`at least 144
`kbit/s
`
`BER = 10:5 to 10:8
`Max Transfer Delay 150
`ms or more
`
`delay 20 — 300 ms
`BER 10.3 _ 10.7
`
`at least 384
`kbit/s
`
`BER = 10:5 to 10:8
`Max Transfer Delay 150
`ms or more
`
`2 Mbit/s
`gmnulamy
`l50kb/s (note 5)
`
`delay 20 — 300 ms
`BER 10.3 _ 10.7
`
`BER = 10:5 to 10:8
`Max Transfer Delay 150
`ms °r mm
`
`Speech bearers are supported in all operating environments.
`
`Table 1.: Minimum bearer capabilities for UMTS
`
`Note 1:
`
`Note 2:
`
`Note 3:
`
`Note 4:
`
`Note 5:
`
`The rrlimmum achievable transmission delay is less than 20ms. For a given BER
`operation at lower C/I is possible by extending the interleaving depth. The detailed
`performance trade-offs between delay and BER (via choice of modulation, coding
`and interleaving) require further study.
`
`The delivery time for NRT/variable delay bearers depends on factors such as
`operating environment and traffic loading. Delivery times of the order of l50nls
`with BER in the stated range can be provided (using Type II soft combimng
`ARQ).
`
`The indicated granularity is based on BOQAM with a single l/64 slot allocation
`and 1/2 rate coding
`
`The indicated granularity is based on BOQAM with a single l/l6 slot allocation
`and 1/2 rate coding
`
`The indicated granularity is based on QOQAM with a single l/l6 slot allocation
`and 1/2 rate coding
`
`Note 6:
`
`Finer granularity can be provided by variation of charmel coding rate.
`
`8.1.2.2 Service trajfic parameters
`
`Since W-TDMA provides Link Adaptation as a fundamental feature it can support the use of UMTS in
`various enviromnents with a range of traffic densities range and a variety of traffic mixes in an
`economical way.
`
`8.1.2.3 Performance
`
`Details of performance are given elsewhere in this evaluation document:
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`8.1.3 Configuration management
`
`W-TDMA will allow the definition of configuration management features.
`
`8.1.4 Evolution and modularity
`
`The W-TDMA concept is service independent, and is defined so that UMTS can be implemented in
`phases with enhancements for increasing functionality (for example making use of different modulation
`and coding technology). The requirement for backwards compatibility can be met by provision of a
`negotiation mechanism to agree on supported capabilities between mobiles and infrastructure.
`
`The W-TDMA concept is consistent with the requirements of an open modular architecture and
`implementation of software downloading of radio interface features. However these aspects require
`further development within SMG2.
`
`8.1.5 Handover
`
`Provide seamless (to user) handover between cells of one operator.
`
`Efficient handover between UMTS and 2nd generation systems, e. g. GSM, should be possible.
`
`The UTRA should not prevent seamless HO between different operators or access networks.
`
`8. 1. 5. 1 Overall handover requirements
`
`Efficient seamless (mobile assisted) handovers can be provided in networks with synchronised base
`stations and between TDD and FDD systems. Seamless handover between unsynchronised systems, is
`for further study by Gamma Group.
`
`Signalling load from handovers is not expected to be significant but is dependent on scenario, and could
`be the subject of further study by Gamma Group.
`
`The level of security is not be affected by handovers. Security in general is ffor further study in SMG2.
`
`Handover to second generation systems can be supported by use of an idle frame allowing
`measurements of signal strengths from alternative base stations.
`
`The choice of frame structure allows synchronisation of UTRA with GSM sharing the same cell sites
`which simplifies handover in this case.
`
`8.1. 5.2 Handover requirements with respect to the radio operating environments
`The W-TDMA radio interface allows handovers within a network, between different environments and
`between networks run by different operators.
`
`8.2 Operational requirements
`
`8.2.1 Compatibility with services provided by present core networks
`
`ATM bearer services
`
`GSM services
`
`ISDN services
`
`IP (lntemet Protocol) based services
`
`Flexible RT and NRT bearers with a range of bit rates etc., allow current core network services to be
`supported.
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`8.2.2 Operating environments
`
`W-TDMA does not restrict the operational scenario for UMTS, in, for example, international operation
`across various radio operating environments, across multiple operators and across different regulatory
`regimes. Further, a range of different MS types (e. g. speech only, high bit rate data), and a variety of
`services with a range of bit rates are possible.
`
`W-TDMA can support fixed wireless access, but performance in this application is for further study in
`SMG2.
`
`8.2.2.1 Support of multiple radio operating environments
`
`W-TDMA can support the requirements of all the specified radio operating environments.
`
`8.2.2.2 Support of multiple equipment vendors
`
`Minimum specification levels to ensure inter-operability are for further study.
`
`8.2.3 Radio Access network planning
`
`If radio resource planning is required automatic planning shall be supported
`
`The Interference Averaging feature means that network planning is not as sensitive as in GSM. Detailed
`planning procedures are for further study in SMG2.
`
`DCA can be used to re-configure the use of assigned frequency blocks in response to changing traffic.
`
`UMTS terminals using W-TDMA will almost certainly incorporate frequency agility capability to
`support frequency hopping. This could facilitate the use over non-overlapping allocations across
`regions or countries (unless other hardware restrictions apply).
`
`8.2.4 Public, Private and residential operators
`
`It shall be possible to guarantee pre-detennined levels of quality-of-service to public UMTS network operators in
`the presence of other authorised UMTS users.
`
`The radio access scheme should be suitable for low cost applications where range, mobility and user speed may be
`limited.
`
`Frequency planning should not be needed.
`
`Multiple unsynchromsed systems should be able to successfully coexist in the same enviromnent.
`
`It should be possible to install basestations without co-ordination.
`
`Low cost terminals with a restricted set of functionality can be implemented. For example, limited bit
`rate, power output or multipath equalisation capability could be appropriate for private cordless
`telephone applications.
`
`8.2.4.1 Public UMTS operators
`
`The ability to guarantee pre-deterinined levels of quality for public operators is likely to require
`separate frequency allocations for each operator. The possibility of public operators sharing part of the
`spectrum is for further study in Gamma Group/SMG2.
`
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`8.2.4.2
`
`Private UMTS operators
`
`The Bunch concept is suitable for Private UMTS operators who may wish to operate clusters of base
`stations within a restricted area. A Bunch can installed without any cell planning or co-ordination with
`other Bunches (by using Interference Averaging), and it is co-ordination is automatically provided
`within a Bunch.
`
`8.2.4.3
`
`Residential UMTS operators
`
`Residential systems can be deployed in the same way as private systems, except that in the limiting case
`there may be only one base and one mobile in the system.
`
`8.3 Ejficient spectrum usage
`
`8.3.1 Spectral Efficiency
`
`High spectrum efficiency for typical mixtures of different bearer services
`
`Spectrum efficiency at least as good as GSM for low bit rate speech
`
`The spectral efficiency is considered in detail elsewhere in this report.
`
`Preliminary results indicate that speech and data services can be provided more efficiently than in
`GSM.
`
`8.3.2 Variable asymmetry of total band usage
`
`Variable division of radio resource between uplink and down link resources from a common pool (NB: This
`
`division could be in either frequency, time, or code domains)
`
`In an unpaired frequency allocation, TDD provides flexibility by adapting the uplink/downlink duty
`cycle. With paired frequency allocation, asymmetric traffic with pure FDD is likely lead to under
`utilisation of one or other of the band pairs. In this case TDD in the under used band would be an
`efficient solution. Detailed performance and consideration of other approaches is for further study in
`Ganuna Group.
`
`8.3.3 Spectrum utilisation
`
`Allow multiple operators to use the band allocated to UMTS without co-ordination.
`
`second generation system's bands
`
`It should be possible to operate the UTRA in any suitable frequency band that becomes available such as first &
`
`Spectrum sharing requires further study (as noted in ETR 04-01)
`
`W-TDMA can be deployed using for some applications using a single l.6MHz carrier (e. g. isolated
`cell). A small network could be deployed in as little as 5MHz (excluding guard bands). Therefore, since
`the concept is not critically sensitive to choice of carrier frequency this enhances the viability of
`deployment in any available band.
`
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`8.3.4 Coverage/capacity
`
`The system should be flexible to support a variety of initial coverage/capacity configurations and facilitate
`coverage/capacity evolution
`
`Ability to support cost effective coverage in rural areas
`
`Flexible use of various cell types and relations between cells (e. g. indoor cells, hierarchical cells) within a
`geographical area without undue waste of radio resources.
`
`8.3.4.1
`
`Development and implementation risk
`
`The W-TDMA concept is a natural extension to proven technology so unknown factors in development
`and implementation risks are mimmised.
`
`8.3.4.2 Flexibility ofradio network design
`
`8.3.4.2.l Cell size flexibility
`
`The W-TDMA transmission bursts are designed to cover a wide range of charmel conditions. This
`allows operation in picocells, n1icrocells and macrocells. Hierarchical Cell Structures are supported.
`
`8.3.4.2.2 Cell location flexibility
`
`The Interference Averaging concept means that the system performance is not critically sensitive to
`base station location
`
`8.3.4.3 Synchronisation
`
`Time synchromsation between different UMTS networks is desirable to optimise spectrum efficiency
`For both FDD and TDD), but is not essential.
`
`8.3.4.4 Repeaters and relays
`
`Repeaters can be supported in principle, but the details are for further study in SMG2.
`
`8.3.4.4.l Vehicle with mobile BS operating environment
`
`A vehicle with mobile BS can be supported in principle, but the details are for further study in SMG2.
`
`8.3.4. 5 Very large cell sizes
`
`Very large cell sizes can be supported (for example by increasing the number of slots allocated to the
`bearer). Details of other techmques which could be employed, such as adaptive antennas, RF repeater
`stations or remote antennas are for further study.
`
`The implications of frequency conversion of the RF carrier within a RF repeater are for further study in
`Ganuna Group/SMG2.
`
`8.3. 4. 6 Evolution requirements
`
`8.3 .4.6.l Coverage evolution
`
`The W-TDMA concept supports:
`
`-
`
`-
`
`contiguous coverage (traditional cellular approach);
`
`island coverage (Bunch concept);
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`
`spot coverage (isolated cell).
`
`Since performance is not sensitive to base station deployment, a minimum of planning is required in
`order to install new cells to extend system coverage. Initial calculations indicate that since maximum
`range (for voice) can be comparable to GSM, reusing cellsites is possible to achieve fast roll-out.
`
`8.3.4.6.2 Capacity evolution
`
`Similarly, a minimum of planning is needed in order to install new cells to increase system capacity in
`areas where coverage is already provided.
`
`W-TDMA supports techniques for capacity improvement, such as the use of adaptive antenna, but these
`are not essential.
`
`8.4 Complexity / cost
`
`8.4.1 Mobile Terminal viability
`
`Handportable and PCMCIA card sized UMTS terminals should be viable in terms of size, weight, operating time,
`
`range, effective radiated power and cost.
`
`W-TDMA is not inherently complex. Detailed complexity and other Implementation issues are for
`further study in Gamma Group.
`
`8.4.2 Network complexity and cost
`
`The development and equipment cost should be kept at a reasonable level, taking into account the cost of cell sites,
`
`the associated network connections , signalling load and traffic overhead (e. g. due to handovers).
`
`W-TDMA provides a single radio interface concept which can be adapted to all operating
`enviromnents.
`
`All the operating options within W-TDMA are based on a common approach, in order to minimise
`implementation complexity.
`
`A layered approaches is has been followed in the development of the radio interface.
`
`Detailed evaluation of various costs (e. g. migration from 2nd generation systems) is for further study in
`SMG2.
`
`8.4.3 Mobile station types
`
`It should be possible to provide a variety of mobile station types of varying complexity, cost and capabilities in
`
`order to satisfy the needs of different types of users.
`
`Mobile stations can easily be implemented with various complexity/cost/capability trade-offs. For
`example, low rate terminals may be not need to be capable of transmitting/receiving all possible multi-
`slot options. It should be possible to avoid the need for duplex filters if sufficient performance can be
`obtained without simultaneous transmission and reception.
`
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`8.5 Requirements from bodies outside SMG
`
`8.5.1 Alignment with IMT 2000
`
`UTRA shall meet at least the technical requirements for submission as a candidate technology for IMT 2000
`
`(FPLMTS).
`
`These requirements are met.
`
`8.5.2 Minimum bandwidth allocation
`
`It should be possible to deploy and operate a network in a limited bandwidth
`
`See section 3.2 and Annex 2.
`
`8.5.3 Electromagnetic compatibility
`
`The peak and average power and envelope variations have to be such that the degree of interference caused to other
`
`equipment is not higher than in today's systems.
`
`The peak power and envelope variations can be constrained so that interference is expected to be less
`severe than (or at least comparable) with GSM
`
`8.5.4 RF Radiation effects
`
`UMTS shall be operative at RF emission power levels which are in line with the recommendations related to
`
`electromagnetic radiation.
`
`Details of emission levels are for further study.
`
`For ease of implementation, a maximum transmitter output power of around 1W peak is considered
`desirable for hand portable units.
`
`8.5.5 Security
`
`The UMTS radio interface should be able to accommodate at least the same level of protection as the GSM radio
`
`interface does.
`
`Security issues are for further study in SMG2.
`
`8.5.6 Co-existence with other systems
`
`The UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access should be capable to co-exist with other systems within the same or
`
`neighbouring band depending on systems and regulations
`
`W-TDMA is not inherently sensitive to co- or adjacent channel interference. It also does not produce
`high levels of adjacent charmel interference.
`
`Issues such as use of other systems in adjacent or the same band require further study in SMG2.
`
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`8. 6 Multimode terminal capability
`
`It should be possible to implement dual mode UMTS/GSM terminals cost effectively.
`
`W-TDMA shares aspects of TDMA with GSM, including related frame structures. This is beneficial for
`implementation of dual mode terminals.
`
`8. 7 Services supported by the radio interface
`
`8.7.1 Location service
`
`The detailed mechamsm for support of user position location is for further study in SMG2. Since users
`are orthogonal in time domain in WB-TDMA, implementing position location with observed time
`difference can be done.
`
`ERIC-1007 I Page 425 of 551
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`

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`9. Conclusions
`
`This draft evaluation document presents the Wideband TDMA concept and the evaluation work. The
`report has been prepared by the SMG2 Concept Group Gamma (WB-TDMA).
`
`The Radio Transmission Technology (RTT) building blocks for the WB-TDMA are described in
`chapters for Logical Charmels, Physical Channels, Layer 2 Radio Protocols and Radio Resource
`Management. Advanced TDMA features which can be used to enhance the performance of the WB-
`TDMA scheme are described. More detailed descriptions of the Layer 2 protocols and RM schemes
`can be found in Tdocs SMG2 Gamma l9 and 15 respectively.
`
`Evaluation for the services as described in Tdoc SMG2 258/97 has been done on link and system layer
`according to the table below.
`S
`
`Proaation model
`Outdoor to Indoor Microcell
`and Pedestrian A
`
`Link level
`completed
`completed
`completed
`completed
`com leted
`
`S stem level
`completed
`completed
`(not required)
`(not required)
`
`1.1
`
`3.1
`3.2
`3.3
`extra
`extra
`
`extra
`extra
`extra
`4
`extra
`extra
`
`Outdoor to
`Indoor and
`Pedestrian
`3 km/h
`
`LDD 384
`Speech
`LCD 144 kbit/s
`LDD 2048
`L DD 144
`
`LDD 2048
`Speech
`LCD 384 kbit/s
`50 % speech + 50 % UDD 384
`LDD 2048 with walls
`L DD 144
`L DD 3 84
`LDD 144
`Speech
`LCD 384 kbit/s
`L DD 3 84
`L DD 2048
`
`Speech
`L DD 144
`L DD 3 84
`Speech
`L DD 144
`L DD 3 84
`
`Vehicular
`120 km/h
`
`Vehicular
`120 km/h
`
`Vehicular
`250 km/h
`
`Indoor A
`
`Picocell
`
`Vehicular A
`
`Macrocell
`
`Vehicular B
`
`Vehicular B
`
`completed
`completed
`completed
`(not required)
`(not required)
`completed
`completed
`completed
`completed
`completed
`completed
`com leted
`
`completed
`completed
`completed
`completed
`completed
`com leted
`
`completed
`(not required)
`(not required)
`preliminary
`completed
`
`(not required)
`completed
`completed
`
`(not req)
`
`(not req)
`
`Considerations how the WB-TDMA concept fulfils the SMG2 high level requirements have also been
`included (see chapter 8).
`
`Specific aspects that have been considered during development of the WB-TDMA concept are:
`
`- Support of high bit rates with relatively simple terminal
`
`- Effective support of non-real-time traffic with fast variations in data rate and packet size
`
`- Support of TDD mode with data rates fulfilling the UMTS requirements
`
`- Possibility to implement simple terminals for low bit rate use
`
`- Narrow spectrum and low interference to adjacent carriers
`
`- Flexibility for introduction of enhancements
`
`ERIC-1007 I Page 426 of 551
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`10. Annex 1 (ETR04.02)
`
`Technologies Description Template
`
`Al .1
`
`Test environment support
`
`ti Al . l .1
`
`In what test environments will the SRTT operate ?
`
`All test environments described in Section 1.1 ofannex 2.
`
`td A1. 1.2
`
`If the SRTT supports more than one test environment, what test environment does this
`technology description template address ?
`
`This template considers all the environments.
`
`Does the SRTT include any feature in support of FWA application ? Provide detail about
`impact of those features on the technical parameters provided in this template, stating
`whether the technical parameters provided apply for mobile as well as for FWA
`applications.
`
`No additional feature is required to support FWA.
`
`Technical parameters
`
`Note : Parameters for both forward link and reverse link should be described separately, if
`necessary.
`
`What is the minimum frequency band required to deploy the system (MHz) ?
`
`Minimum value depends on the application, the load of the network, the QoS and the user
`trafiic model. A 2Mbit/s is possible in an isolated cellfrom 1.6 MHZ in TDD mode and
`small cellular networks are possible flom 2x4.8MHz.
`
`t-F
`
`What is the duplex method : TDD or FDD
`
`Both FDD and TDD options are proposed. The TDD option allows to support asymetric
`trafiic.
`
`What is the minimum up/down frequency separation for FDD ?
`
`Based on DCS]800 assumptions, a sensible value seems to be the uplink or downlink
`bandwidth plus 10 MHZ to make the duplexer feasible.
`
`What is requirement of transmit/receive isolation ? Does the proposal require a duplexer in
`either the mobile or base station.
`
`In FDD mode low rate terminals can operate with non—overlapping transmission and
`reception time slots and in this case a duplexer is not required.
`
`ERIC-1007 I Page 427 of 551
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`ti
`
`ti
`
`Does the SRTT allow asymmetric transmission to use the available spectrum ?
`Characterize.
`
`Asymmetric service is possible both in the FDD and TDD modes.
`
`It can be done easily in FDD, especially by taking profit of the unpairedfiequency band, by
`allocating a low bit rate carrierfor the uplinkfiom the “paired” band and a high bit rate
`carrierfiom the « unpaired » band. The unused pair of the low bit rate carrier can be used
`for asymmetric services within the symmetric band. TDl\/[A makes this allocation scheme
`reasonable to implement.
`
`TDD asymmetry could be achieved by ‘traditional ’ means by allocation a fixed amount of
`slots through the whole operator ’s TDD spectrum for both directions.
`
`However, due to the uncertainty concerning trafiic profiles in different environments this
`approach does not seem to be very attractive. One idea in the usage of the TDD band is to
`allocate asymmetric capacity on an individual basis i.e. the fiequency band would not be
`divided into purely uplink and downlink channels in the time domain but rather in a
`dynamic manner enabling the usage ofall channels in fiequency and time domain for both
`directions. These scheme is possible both by using RNC controlled Channel Allocation
`which enables fast handovers in the fiequency and time domain or by Interference
`Averaging between different cells.
`
`The described scheme would lead to minimum fiequency planning. The operator does not
`have to putfixed percentage of the overall system capacity to up— or downlink trafifc.
`
`What is the RF channel spacing (kHz) ? In addition, does the SRTT use interleaved
`frequency allocation ?
`
`The channel spacing is 1. 6 MHZ, both in FDD and TDD modes. Interleavedfiequency
`allocation is not assumed.
`
`Note : Interleaved frequency allocation ; allocating the 2nd adjacent channel instead of
`adjacent channel at neighboring cluster cell is so called << interleaved frequency
`allocation ». If a proponent is going to employ this allocation type, proponent should be
`stated at A1 .2.4 and fill Al .2. 15 of protection ratio for both of adjacent and 2nd adjacent
`channel.
`
`What is the bandwidth per duplex RF channel (MHz) measured at the 3 dB down points ?
`
`It is given by (bandwidth per RF channel) X (l for TDD and 2 for FDD). Please provide
`detail.
`
`The 3 dB bandwidth of the duplex RF channel is around 1.1 MHZ in TDD mode (the exact
`value depending on the linearity requirements of the power amplifier which is not defined
`yet), while it is twice this valuefor the FDD mode.
`
`ERIC-1007 I Page 428 of 551
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`

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`Does the proposal offer multiple or Variable RF channel bandwidth capability ? If so, are