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`News & Analysis
`Interoperability issues dog
`Bluetooth's rise
`Interoperability issues dog Bluetooth's rise
`Junko Yoshida
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`6/16/2000 06:31 PM EDT
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`MONTE CARLO, Monaco — Bluetooth wireless technology was
`rolled out in the form of chips, modules and systems at the
`Bluetooth Congress this past week. But enthusiasm for the short
`range network aimed primarily at consumer and communication
`devices was mixed with concern about lingering issues of
`interoperability with other wireless networks.
`
`Bluetoothenabled devices shown here included headsets, mobile
`phones, PC cards, electronic pens, incar systems, video
`
`cameras, mobile music players and entertainment robots. "We are
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`cameras, mobile music players and entertainment robots. "We are
`convinced that Bluetooth will change the consumer world, adding
`simplicity, friendliness and versatility [to consumer devices]," said
`Hiroshi Yoshioka, vice president of the Personal IT Network Co. at
`Sony Corp., in an opening keynote speech.
`
`Broadcom Corp. too was apparently convinced of the importance
`of Bluetooth, bidding $440 million earlier this week for startup
`Innovent Systems Inc. (El Segundo, Calif.), a Bluetooth device
`designer. Innovent is the second company with Bluetooth
`technology that Broadcom has acquired, follwing its May
`acquisition of Pivotal Technologies Corp. (Pasadena, Calif.).
`
`Anders Edlund, marketing director for Bluetooth at Ericsson
`Mobile Communications, acknowledged that the Bluetooth spec
`was intentionally written in such a way as to allow unusual silicon
`designs such as CMOS RF, with the expectation of further silicon
`integration in the future. But as a result, he said, many chip
`companies had to start their RF designs from scratch and many
`"underestimated the complexity of baseband design."
`
`Although the Bluetooth version 1.0 spec came out in July 1999,
`the final test specification won't be completed until the end of this
`year. Lacking the details on test equipment, the Bluetooth special
`interest group (SIG) now offers an intermediate qualification
`process under which relatively relaxed interoperability testing is
`done against the socalled "Blue Units" system developed by
`Ericsson.
`
`Intense debate
`
`At a time when so many companies still need to correctly
`implement Bluetooth 1.0, the SIG members are reluctant to
`discuss details of version 2.0. "The spec is most likely to be
`released by the end of this year," said Edlund, but its rate is still
`under intense debate. Different parties are reportedly backing
`everything from 2 to 20 Mbits/second. In Edlund's view, the most
`important new function in version 2.0 will be "the automatic
`handover to the next access point" in voice applications.
`
`Meanwhile, developers are concerned about how Bluetooth may
`play — both from a technology and a market perspective — with
`two other wireless nets in the 2.4GHz ISM band, HomeRF and
`802.11. Bluetooth offers 721kbit/s data rates at a range of up to
`10 meters, against 1.6 Mbits/s for HomeRF and as much as 11
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`10 meters, against 1.6 Mbits/s for HomeRF and as much as 11
`Mbits/s for 802.11b. HomeRF and 802.11 also support
`transmission over considerably longer distances, albeit at a cost of
`additional power and die size.
`
`Some developers said last week that if HomeRF does not get an
`OK from the Federal Communications Commission to extend
`transmissions to 10 Mbits/s, Bluetooth and 802.11 may split the
`market for wireless LANs. However, the two nets face some
`interoperability issues that are a particular concern for notebook
`computer makers whose products might use both links, said David
`Lyon, chairman and chief executive officer at Silicon Wave (San
`Diego), a chip company specializing in RF ICs.
`
`When Bluetooth and 802.11b devices are used in close proximity,
`competing signals can cause a dramatic reduction in throughput,
`resulting in a much slower data rate and shorter transmission
`distances. Some industry players indicate that they expect a
`solution to arrive before the end of the year in the form of a high
`level software layer that sits above Bluetooth and 802.11b.
`
`The 802.11 net usually bears the brunt of the contention problems
`when the two collide. "We made sure the Bluetooth spec is
`extremely robust, withstanding interference," said Ericsson's
`Edlund.
`
`That's because Bluetooth uses a narrowband fastfrequency
`hopping scheme with a randomhop pattern. But 802.11 depends
`on directsequence spreadspectrum hopping. Hopping at a rate
`of 1,600 hops/second, Bluetooth can easily evade interference
`that could swamp 802.11, said Lyon.
`
`While Bluetooth and 802.11 industry players have set up separate
`working groups to take a hard look at the issue, a few companies
`are claiming to be close to solving the difficult problem on their
`own. Silicon Wave, for one, claims to have a proprietary
`technology — "some extra thing we think we can help the
`industry," said Lyon.
`
`By partnering with unnamed companies, "We hope to come up
`with recommendations before the end of this year," he said. "Our
`hope is that the solution would be on the software layer high
`above 802.11 and Bluetooth specifications," so that few if any
`changes will be necessary in hardware. Lyon, however, quickly
`added, "We are not making promises right now, though."
`
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`added, "We are not making promises right now, though."
`
`Lucent Technologies also claims to have "some thoughts" on
`managing graceful degradation between 802.11 and Bluetooth. As
`a player in both industry groups, "We have some intellectual
`property we think we can contribute," said Paul Kan, strategic
`marketing manager for Bluetooth at Lucent's Microelectronics
`Group. Elsewhere, Intel and Microsoft said they would cooperate
`on a software environment to bring Bluetooth to the PC in a
`standard way.
`
`— John Walko of Electronics Times contributed to this report.
`
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`space that the long gone humans had once inhabited.
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