Umted States Patent
`
`[19]
`
`[11] Patent Number:
`
`5,751,672
`
`Yankowski
`
`
`[45] Date of Patent:
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`US00575 1672A
`
`[54] COMPACT DISC CHANGER UTILIZING
`DISC DATABASE
`
`1/1994 European Fat. 011'.
`0580361A2
`0680040A2 11/1995 European Fat. 011'.
`W091/20082 12/1991 WIPO .
`
`.
`.
`
`[75]
`
`Inventor: Carl J. Yankowskl, Dover. Mass.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`[73] Assignees: Sony Corporation, T0130, Japan; Sony
`Electronics Inc., Park R1dge. N-J-
`
`[21] APPL N03 507,544
`.
`,
`Jul' 26’ 1995
`Ffled‘
`[22]
`Int. Cl.6 ..................................................... G11B 17/22
`[51]
`[52] US. Cl.
`..............
`369/30; 369/48; 369/34
`
`[58] Field of Search .................................. 369/30, 32, 49,
`369/48, 50, 59, 34, 36, 38. 33, 47, 58,
`54, 127; 360/191, 33.1, 32, 72.1, 72.2;
`358/341; 340/825.35; 379/67—68
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`CDP—CX153 100—Disc Changer, Features/specifications,
`1995 Sony Electronics Inc., 1 Sony Drive. Park Ridge, NJ
`07656 (Feb. 1995).
`Microsoft Windows Sound System, Version 2.0, Software
`User’s Guide, Microsoft Corp. 1993, Dragon Systems, Inc..
`Newton, MA,USA, Doc. No. HA53828—0993.
`Compact Disc Player, Operating Instructions, CDP—CXIOO/
`CDP—CXlOOS, 1993 Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
`Compact Disc Technology, H.Nakajirna/H. Ogawa, 1992,
`‘ Pub. by Ohmsha, Ltd. 3—1KandaNishiki—cho, Chiyoda—ku,
`Tokyo
`101,
`Japan,
`Chap.5,
`pp.
`85—124,
`ISBN4—274—03347—3.
`The Song Servant Advertisement, undated.
`Denon DN—1400F 200 CD Changer Specification Sheet,
`undated-
`
`4,358,780
`11/1982 Sato ..................................... 346/135.1
`4,397,011
`8/1983 Ogawa ..
`
`....... 369/50
`
`4,491,882
`1/1985 Fujiie ........
`....... 360/53
`4,537,643
`5/1936 Monen et a1.
`369/32
`.....
`
`4,701,900 10/1937 Hasegawa et a]. ............... 369/36
`9/1939 Clinkenbeard eta].
`369/30x
`4,870,613
`
`1/1990 Nakamura et a1. ............. 353/341
`4,393,193
`
`1/1990 Okada ...............
`4,893,199
`....... 360/48
`
`5,148,418
`9/1992 Tsurushima
`....... 369/32
`
`..
`5,243,588
`9/1993 Maeda et a1.
`369/54
`
`9/1993 Tsurushima et a1.
`5,244,705
`423/64
`
`11/1993 Chigasaki ..........
`5,260,922
`
`36936
`5,335,218
`8/1994 Osada ............
`
`“““ 332/953
`
`5341350
`tal...
`
`5,475,835 1313;; gfi; ______________ 395/600
`
`....... 369/30
`5,559.764
`9/1996 Chen et al.
`5,615,345
`3/1997 Wanger ................................. 369/30 X
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`Primary Examiner—Ali Neyzari
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Jerry A. Miller; Peter C. Toto;
`Pasquale Musacchio
`
`‘
`
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A mofllod and apparatus for Updating a memory in a Com-
`pact Disc changer. Information identifying discs stored in a
`CD changer is stored in a memory. The memory is updated
`when a CD is loaded which does not have identifying
`features which are recognized by the CD changer. Updating
`is carried out via a modem connection to a remote database.
`The database can be stored locally in a local database
`..
`.
`reading 1n a personal computer Where the database can be
`queried to locate desired tracks and can be used to facilitate
`control of the compact disc changer by Providing a Simpli-
`fied interface for building a play list and the like.
`
`.
`
`0460869A2 12/1991 European Pat. 01f. .
`
`38 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`
`|PR2014-01154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 1 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`FEEmom—“mm
`
`w....:k
`
`uzmmn—n..mea..25..n.
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`.OZhzmzm>oz.
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, EX. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 2 of 3
`
`5,751,672
`
`24
`
`20
`
`
`
`CD CHF'NGER E HMPLIFIER
`
`STEREO
`
`25
`
`I‘ ~
`28
`
`3 a
`
`4 U
`
`4 4
`
`COMPUTER
`
`MODEM
`
`PHONE LINE
`
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`DRTRBRSE
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`
`82
`
`F I G . 3
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, EX. 1019
`
`|PR2014-01154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 3 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`STHRT
`
`100
`
`SELECT DISC
`
`
`
`10
`
`8
`
`RERD DISC “FINGERPRINT”
`
`COMPHRE TO MEMORY
`
`”1?”
`
`CD
`
`‘CHHNGER
`
`118
`
`
`mm
`
`CONVENTIONHL
`OPERRTION
`
`114
`
`
`
`
`MESSHGE:"DISC DRTH
`NOT FOUND. PLRY 0R PLHY
`
`RETRIEVE DHTH OR
`MRNUHL ENTRY?”
`
`
`RETRIEVE
`
`MHNUHL
`
`(a
`
`MRNURL
`ENTRY ‘
`ROUTINE
`
`122
`
`DIRL
`
`>SEND "FINGERPRINT"
`TO COMPUTER
`
`
`
`
`CHECK LOCHL
`DHTHBHSE
`
`MEMORY
`
`
`
`G) m CHRNGER
`
`
`
`'DISC DHTR
`MESSHGE:
`NOT FUOND. PLRY. DIHL
`
`
`REMOTE DRTHBHSE 0R
`MRNUHL ENTRY?"
`
`139
`MHNUHL
`
`G9
`
`FIG.4H
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC,EX.1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 4 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`CD
`
`DIRL REMOTE DHTRBRSE
`
`QUERY REMOTE DRTHBHSE
`FOR “FINGERPRINT”
`
`.144
`
`150
`
`COMPUTER
`
`N0
`
`FOUND? YES
`
`152
`158
`"DISC DHTF! NOT FOUND.
`MESSHGE:
`PLHY 0R MHNUFIL ENTRY? "
`
`PLHY
`
`C)
`
`MFINUHL
`
`(9
`
`DONNLORD TO LOCHL DHTRBRSE
`
`155
`
`DOWNLOHD TO cn CHRNGER MEMORY
`
`170
`
`FIG.4B
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 5 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`SEHRCH EDIT
`
`CHFINGER
`
`MORE
`
`174
`
`
`---E-
`
`
`LOCHL
`DHTRBFISE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`--------
`--------
`--------
`n—------
`E-------
`E-------
`--------
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`17B LOCFIL
`
`SEHRCH PLHY PLFIY LIST l MORE
`
`IIISC TITLE TR! TR2 TR3 TR4 TRS
`
`ll-llA-MVIA- REPRESENmmN
`------- or en CHHNGER
`-—mm--V/IA.”E"°RY
`
`-------
`El---m--
`
`DHTFIBHSE
`
`
`
`PLFIY LIST
`
`NIGHTINGFILE
`
`J'HZZMHN
`
`BLUE INTERLUDE
`
`YOU GO YOUR WHY,
`
`I’LL G0 MINE
`
`COME DOWN EHSY
`
`MY MY SHE CRIES
`
`THE FIRST DFiY IN RUGUST
`
`FIG.5
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 6 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`QUERY CD CHHNGER MEMORY FOR
`DISCS INSTHLLED IN CHHNGER
`
`180
`
`FIND CORRESPONDING ENTRIES
`IN LOCHL DRTRBRSE
`
`182
`
`USER COMMHND?
`
`SEHRCH
`
`
`184
`
`DISH—HY
`
`198
`
`
`
`
` INSTRUCT
`cn CHRNGER
`
`T0 PLHY
`188
`CURRENT
`
`PLHY LIST
`
`
`
`
`D§¥SEEEE
`
`QUERY
`ROUTINE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`190
`
`HUD, DELETE, DISPLRY?
`Rnn
`
`192
`HDD SELECTION
`T0 CURRENT
`PLRY LIST
`
`
` DELETE
`SELECTION
`FROM
`CURRENT
`PLRY LIST
`
`OPEN PLHY
`LIST WINDOW
`
`FIG.6
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 7 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`vv
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`0mm
`
`k....:.k
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, EX. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`May 12, 1998
`
`Sheet 8 of 8
`
`5,751,672
`
`322
`
`DIFIL REMOTE DHTHBFISE
`
`
` QUERY REMOTE DHTHBHSE
`
`
`
`
`
`MRNUFIL
`
`MRNUFIL
`ENTRY
`
`FOR "F'INGERPRINT"
`
`
`
`
`MFINUFIL MESSFIGE:
`"DISC NOT FOUND.
`PLFIY 0R MHNUHL ENTRY? "
`
`
`FIG.8
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`5 .75 1,672
`
`1
`COMPACT DISC CHANGER UTILIZING
`DISC DATABASE
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`
`This invention relates generally to the field of audio and
`audio/Video equipment including compact disc (CD) play-
`ers. More particularly. this invention relates to a CD changer
`which can access a database which is user searchable and
`updated upon recognition of an unknown CD. This invention
`is particularly useful for multiple CD changers which serve
`to store substantial numbers of compact discs. In addition,
`this invention provides a mechanism for computer control of
`the operation of the CD changer.
`2. Background of the Invention
`Several large capacity compact disc players are currently
`available commercially. For example. Sony Corporation,
`Tokyo Japan produces several such players such as the
`model CDP—CXIOO and the CDP-CX153, available through
`Sony Electronics Inc..
`1 Sony Drive. Park Ridge, NJ.
`07676. Each of these players includes an internal rotary table
`with 100 slots which can store up to 100 compact discs.
`Players with even higher storage capacity will no doubt
`appear in the future. Compact disc players of this nature are
`commonly used to not only play compact discs, but also as
`a convenient mechanism for storing such discs in a very neat
`and compact arrangement.
`In earlier compact disc players which only hold one or a
`few discs, the compact discs are commonly stored in their
`protective jewel case. Such jewel cases generally include an
`insert provides a written directory for each disc which
`generally lists in order the selections available on the disc
`and often includes play times and other information regard-
`ing each selection (e.g. artist,
`title, author, etc.). Such
`information facilitates the listener’s selection of the desired
`track or disc.
`
`Unfortunately, this information may not be as readily
`avaflable to the user of a CD player which is used as a
`storage device such as the above—mentioned high capacity
`CD players. Since users commonly use such players to store
`the compact discs, they also frequently store the jewel case
`and related informational inserts in a less convenient loca-
`tion. Moreover, the user must know not only the disc which
`he desires to play, but the location of the disc in the rotary
`table and perhaps a track number in order to readily access
`a particular chosen selection. In addition, it is diflicult for the
`user to have a clear overview of the musical selections
`available and to control the play of such selections.
`This problem has been partially addressed in the above
`Sony disc players by providing the user with the ability to
`program the disc player to store identifying information for
`each (disc in the player’ 5 memory and to categorize discs into
`a number of groups of the user’s selection (e.g. jazz,
`classical, Rock. etc.). These multiple CD changers utilize a
`portion of the table of contents (TOC) data for uniquely
`identifying each compact disc stored therein. In particular,
`the total music play time and the number of movements
`(typically songs) as indicated in the TOC is used in some
`changers to uniquely identify the discs. Compact disc chang-
`ers also include a feature known as “Custom File” which is
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`described in Japanese patent application publication number
`03-76082 which is incorporated herein by reference. While
`this technique is helpful in locating a desired selection. the
`user still has only limited access to the available information
`relating to the disc. For example, there is no information
`available on the specified tracks on the disc, ar1ist. etc.
`
`65
`
`2
`unless this information is used to identify the entire disc.
`Moreover. all such information mu st currently be entered by
`the user using a remote control or jog dial to cycle through
`available characters. The process of entering such data is
`somewhat inconvenient (especially for large numbers of
`discs) and thus often omitted by the user. Furthermore, the
`user of such players are currently restricted to controlling the
`discs using stored parameters (e.g. level and sound field
`selections) on a disc by disc basis without regard for the
`content of individual tracks on the disc.
`
`While variations of compact disc format might permit
`various information about the disc to be included on the disc
`itself in machine readable form. there exists a large body of
`work which has no such identification information. Thus,
`there is a need to provide the user with access to an
`equivalent body of information to use. particularly in con-
`nection with high capacity multiple disc players.
`The present invention addresses these problems by pro-
`viding a database of the information for access by the user
`to provide searchable access to the information which and
`the ability to download such information. This minimizes
`and in most cases eliminates the need for data input by the
`user.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`It is an object of the present invention to provide a
`compact disc player with access to an external database
`which permits easy selection of discs stored in a multiple
`disc player.
`It is a feature that the present invention provides the
`ability to search a database for desired music selections with
`minimal or no user entry of the database data.
`It is a further feature that the present invention identifies
`a CD by the table of contents area of the disc (or other
`unique identifying information) which is used as a “finger-
`print” for the disc.
`It is a further feature that certain embodiments of the
`present invention can facilitate control over playback param-
`eters of a compact disc on a track-by—track basis.
`It is an advantage that the present invention can provide
`a large body of searchable information for the user to access
`without entry of the data.
`It is a further advantage of the present invention that
`compact discs or other storage media can be easily stored
`within a multiple disc player while producing an enhanced
`ability to locate a music selection of choice.
`It is another advantage of embodiments of the present
`invention to provide for user control of the play selections of
`the CD player via the computer’s user interface.
`Broadly speaking,
`the present
`invention provides a
`modern link to a remote database which a user can utilize in
`
`order to provide information updates to a memory forming
`a part of a CD player. The system uses a “fingerprint” of a
`CD in order to search the remote database for information
`such as title. track names, artist. etc. Once the CD is
`identified, the information associated with the CD can be
`loaded into a local database so that the user can search for
`desired music, artists, etc. In addition, the information is
`loaded into the memory of a CD player so that discs stored
`in the CD player can be readily identified. This is especially
`useful for large capacity multiple CD players which are also
`used to store CDs. The user can further use the computer as
`a simplified control interface to search for selections, build
`play lists as well as enhance control of the playback
`operation.
`
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`
`|PR2014-O1154
`
`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

`5 ,75 1,672
`
`3
`
`The present invention contemplates many alternatives and
`variations. For example.
`in one aspect of the present
`invention. a system for playback of music compact discs
`includes a disc changer for receiving a compact disc and
`reading data from the disc to convert to signals representing
`music. An identifying portion of the disc is read in order to
`uniquely identify the disc. The identifying portion of the disc ’
`with a memory to determine if data relating to the compact
`disc is stored in the memory. A modem is provided along
`with a searching mechanism for accessing a remote database
`via the modem, wherein in the event the comparison does
`not detect the identifying information in the memory, the
`remote database is accessed via the modem to locate iden—
`tifying information relating to the disc.
`the disc being
`identified in the database by the identifying portion. The
`information is then downloaded from the remote database to
`the memory.
`In another aspect of the invention. a system for playback
`of music compact discs includes a disc changer for receiving
`a compact disc and reading data from the disc to convert to
`signals representing music. A portion of the changer reads an
`identifying portion of the disc which can be used to uniquely
`identify the disc. The identifying portion of the disc is
`compared with the memory to determine if data relating to
`the compact disc is stored in the memory. A first searching
`mechanism is provided for accessing a local database,
`wherein in the event the comparison does not detect the
`identifying portion in the memory. the first searching mecha—
`nism accesses the local database to locate the identifying
`portion relating to the disc, the disc being identified in the
`local database by the identifying portion. A second searching
`mechanism is provided for accessing a remote database via
`a modem, wherein in the event the comparison does not
`detect the identifying information in the memory and the
`first searching mechanism does not locate the identifying
`portion in the local database, the second searching mecha-
`nism accesses the remote database via the modem to locate
`identifying information relating to the disc, the disc being
`identified in the database by the identifying portion. The
`information is downloaded from either of the local database
`or the remote database to the memory.
`In another aspect of the invention, a multiple disc compact
`disc player includes a multiple disc CD changer mechanism
`for playing and storing a plurality of compact discs. A
`memory stores information associated with the plurality of
`compact discs. A controller controls operations of the mul-
`tiple disc compact disc player. A modem is coupled to the
`controller for accessing a remote database via a telephone
`line connection. The controller includes capability for issu-
`ing a first query to the memory to determine if the memory
`includes information associated with a selected disc in the
`CD changer mechanism, and for issuing a second query to
`a remote database via the modem in order to find informa-
`tion associated with the selected, if the first query fails to
`locate a information in the memory associated with the
`selected compact disc.
`In another aspect of the invention, a system for playback
`of recorded media includes a media changer for receiving a
`recorded medium and reading data from the medium. An
`identifying portion of the medium is read and used to
`uniquely identify the medium. The identifying portion of the
`medium is compared with with a memory to determine if
`data relating to the medium is stored in the memory. A
`remote database is accessed and searched via a modem,
`wherein in the event the comparison does not detect the
`identifying information in the memory. the remote database
`is searched via the modem to locate identifying information
`
`4
`relating to the medium. the medium being identified in the
`database by the identifying portion. The information relating
`to the medium is downloaded from the remote database to
`the memory.
`A method of updating a memory in an audio compact disc
`changer according to an aspect of the invention includes the
`steps of: reading an identifying portion of a compact disc
`which uniquely identifies the compact disc; comparing the
`identifying portion with identifying portions stored in a
`memory; querying a database residing outside the compact
`disc changer for the identifying portion of the disc if the
`identifying portion is not found in the memory; and down—
`loading data from the database to the memory corresponding
`to the identifying portion.
`A method of updating a memory in recorded media player,
`according to an aspect of the invention includes the steps of:
`reading an identifying portion of a recorded medium which
`uniquely identifies the medium; comparing the identifying
`portion with identifying portions stored in a memory; que-
`rying a database residing outside the recorded media player
`for the identifying portion of the medium if the identifying
`portion is not found in the memory; and downloading data
`from the database to the memory corresponding to the
`identifying portion.
`The present invention further contemplates a method for
`controlling the operation of a compact disc player, which in
`one aspect includes the steps of: storing data relating to a
`compact disc in a database, the database including informa—
`tion relating to each track of the compact disc; storing a
`playback attribute in the database on a track—by—track basis;
`and instructing the compact disc changer to play a selected
`track using the playback attribute.
`Furthermore,
`the present
`invention contemplates a
`method of building a play list for a multiple disc compact
`disc changer, which in one embodiment includes the steps
`of: in a computer, storing information in a database about a
`plurality of compact discs residing in the multiple disc
`compact disc changer;
`the database including playback
`attributes for tracks of the compact discs; displaying a table
`of tracks of the plurality of compact discs; selecting a
`sequential set of tracks from the plurality of compact discs
`to define a play list; and sending a sequence of commands
`from the computer to the multiple compact disc changer to
`sequentially play the selected tracks from the play list.
`The above objects, advantages and features of the
`invention, as well as others, will become apparent to those
`skilled in the art upon consideration of the following
`description of the invention.
`The features of the invention believed to be novel are set
`forth with particularity in the appended claims. The inven-
`tion itself however, both as to organization and method of
`operation.
`together with further objects and advantages
`thereof. may be best understood by reference to the follow—
`ing description taken in conjunction with the accompanying
`drawing.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
`
`FIG. 1 illustrates the TOC data format for a conventional
`compact disc.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the
`present invention.
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the CD changer 20 of FIG.
`
`2
`
`FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are flow charts describing the
`operation of one embodiment of the present invention.
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`HTC, Ex. 1019
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`iIPR2014-01154
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`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

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`5
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`5,751,672
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`FIG. 5 illustrates the use of computer 32 for control of the
`CD changer 20.
`FIG. 6 is a simplified flow chart of one embodiment of a
`routine for issuing commands to the CD changer 20.
`FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the
`present invention.
`FIG. 8 is a flow chart describing the operation of the
`second embodiment as shown in FIG. 7.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`INVENTION
`
`While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in
`many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and
`will herein be described in detail specific embodiments, with
`the understanding that the present disclosure is to be con-
`sidered as an example of the principles of the invention and
`not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodi-
`ments shown and described. In the description below, like
`reference numerals are used to describe the same, similar or
`corresponding parts in the several views of the drawing.
`Before discussing the actual method and apparatus of the
`present invention in detail. it is useful to understand several
`basic concepts relating to the standard formatting of com-
`pact discs so that the options available for uniquely identi—
`fying each disc are understood. Conventional music com-
`pact discs are formatted according to a specification which
`is known in the industry as the “Red Book” specification.
`The format is also discussed in, for example, chapter 5 of
`Compact Disc Technology, by Heitaro Nakajima and
`Hiroshi Ogawa. 1992, Ohmsha. Ltd, 3—1 Kanda Nishiki-
`cho, Chiyoda—ku. Tokyo 101, Japan, which is incorporated
`herein by reference. While the Red Book specification
`permits an identifying code to be used with each disc, the
`industry rarely utilizes this option. Thus, there is no unique
`label which is currently assured of being available for each
`disc. However. the Red Book specification defines a lead—in
`area to include an area of subcoding having so called
`P—channel data and Q-channel data. This data includes
`information known as the Table of Contents (TOC) which is
`somewhat analogous to the table of contents of a book. Since
`each CD is unique in exact content, it is possible to use this
`the TOC information as a sort of “fingerprint” to uniquely
`identify each CD.
`FIG. 1 illustrates the format of a TOC entry for a typical
`music compact disc. It is noted that a frame of TOC data is
`provided for each track (movement) of the music disc. Each
`TOC entry includes the elapsed time of each movement and
`an absolute time for the POINT content. These times are
`extremely precise in that they are measured in minutes,
`seconds and frames. Each disc may include up to 99 such
`tracks or movements with each TOC entry occupying 72
`bits. The TOC entries are repeated in order to fill the entire
`lead—in area. As stated above, a small portion of this TOC
`information has been used to uniquely identify compact
`discs for purposes of the “Custom File” feature in Sony
`compact disc players. In the present invention, a larger
`sampling of the data may be required to uniquely identify or
`“fingerprint” each compact disc, since the invention depends
`upon unique identification of all discs in an extremely
`extensive database. The solution to this problem is to simply
`select a sampling of information which is large enough t
`uniquely identify each disc.
`,
`An enormous amount of data is available on each disc
`which can be used to uniquely characterize each disc. The
`TOC entry for the first movement alone could theoretically
`account for up to 272 (which is approximately 4.7E21)
`
`unique discs. In practice, the actual number of unique values
`which are likely to occur in this one entry is substantially
`lower since a typical movement has a duration of approxi-
`mately three minutes. the movement number for the first
`movement is always 1. the POINT value is often the same,
`etc. Even so, it is clear that each disc has an adequate amount
`of unique information that one can readily understand that
`each compact disc has its own unique “fingerprint” which
`can be used to uniquely identify the disc from all other discs.
`By way of example, and not to be limiting. an extremely
`large number of discs could be uniquely identified by
`examining the number of movements, the play time of each
`movement (or, e.g. the play time of the first five movements)
`and the total play time of the CD. Such a scheme would
`provide data of a manageable size which would uniquely
`identify a vast number of discs. Due to the variables men—
`tioned earlier, the exact number of discs which can be
`identified by this scheme for practical purposes is difficult to
`ascertain with any degree of exactness. but is clearly huge.
`Other combinations will occur to those skilled in the art. The
`exact scheme selected should be based upon an analysis of
`a large sampling of compact discs to assure that enough TOC
`data is used without making the amount of data unneces-
`sarily large.
`In addition to the above example of using TOC data for
`the identifying information, a sample of the actual disc data
`representing a musical selection or movement can also be
`used to uniquely identify each disc. Due to the wide dynamic
`range of music characterized on each disc. several data
`samples taken at consistent locations on a disc can also be
`statistically likely to uniquely identify the disc, either alone
`or in combination with a portion of the TOC data. Thus, by
`selecting a large enough sampling of data to characterize
`each disc, it is possible to uniquely identify each disc which
`has been manufactured and which is likely to be manufac-
`tured in the future. Accordingly, an exact definition of the
`“fingerprint” data is to be determined by a detailed analysis
`of a large body of discs and is not critical to the understand-
`ing of the overall concept and operation of the present
`invention. After selection of such a sampling of data to be
`used as a CD “fingerprint”. in the unlikely event that the
`identifying “fingerprint” of two or more discs are the same,
`remedies such as user selection of the appropriate disc are
`contemplated by the present invention.
`Referring now to FIG. 2, a first embodiment of a system
`according to the present invention is shown in block diagram
`form. In this embodiment, a CD changer 20 is coupled in a
`conventional manner to a stereo amplifier (or receiver) 24
`which provides power amplification suitable to drive a pair
`(or more) of stereo speakers 26 and 28 or headphones (not
`shown). According to the present embodiment,
`the CD
`changer 20 includes an interconnection to an external com—
`puter 32 such as a personal computer or a dedicated com—
`puter designated to carry out the functions of the present
`invention. Computer 32 includes input devices such as a
`keyboard. mouse or other input device and a display screen.
`Computer 32 may be coupled to the CD changer 20 via any
`suitable standard or proprietary interface including SCSI or
`RS-232, or via a local are a network interconnection as
`desired. Computer 32 includes a disc drive 36 including any
`suitable database management software (for example, a SQL
`compliant database such as those commercially available
`from various manufacturers).
`Computer 32 also includes a modem 40 (either internal or
`external) which is connected to a telephone network 44.
`While the present invention contemplates a conventional
`data modem connection using conventional
`telephone
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`|PR2014-01154
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`HTC, Ex. 1019
`HTC v. Advanced Audio Devices
`IPR2014-01154
`
`

`

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`Artist
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`Movement #1
`Title
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`Movement #1
`time (Min,
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`06:38‘42
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`Movement #99
`Title
`
`,Moveflt #99
`(Min. Sec, Frame)
`
`Tot31 # of
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`(Min. Sec, Frame) Movements
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`.
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`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`8
`
`7
`
`5,751,672
`
`TABLE 1
`
`8
`commercially available Sony CDP-CX153 and associated
`service. those skilled in the art will appreciate that a number
`signal processing circuitry 78 to provide control thereto in a
`of alternatives are possible such as ISDN networks and
`conventional manner. Controller 68 is also coupled to a
`associated terminal adapters.
`display/control panel 82 to receive commands directly from
`In operation. the present invention utilizes the modem 40
`the user and to provide visual ‘displays in a more or less
`to dial up a database 50 which may be maintained by an 5
`conventional manner. In addition. controller .68 may be
`online service provider or made available on the Internet. for
`CO"?161d 150 a: inflfra-red (or RF) I‘CCCIVC; 84 Wthh receives
`example. Database 50 is preferably industry maintained to
`contro Slgn S om a remote comman er.
`.
`assure the maximum level of completeness. but could also
`Controller 68 15 used to control the normal functions of
`be maintained by the user community.
`the CD changer
`manufacturer. cormnercial ventures or other sources. Data— 10 the compact disc changer 20 11.1 a conventional manner and
`b
`50 includes identifyin information as described above
`1n addition provrdes the function 0f (1) receiVing memory
`ase
`g
`_
`.
`.
`,
`,
`updates from the computer interface 64.
`(2) updating
`for a large body of compact discs which is assoc1ated With
`memory 72, and (3) sending requests. via interface 64 for
`tabulated data for each disc. An example of the type of data
`information updates for memory 72.
`m web a database 15 111“!“th 1n TAPLE _1 below. The
`One method of operation according to the present inven-
`PTFf‘md Flew“ for “06551118 and “Uh-1mg this woman” 15 tion is illustrated in the flow chart of FIG. 4 (which is broken
`W111 described later.
`down into FIGS. 4A and 4B. The process starts at step 100.
`When the user selects or loads a disc at step 104,
`the
`controller 68 directs the changer mechanism 74 to read the
`portion of the disc which contains the identifying informa—
`20 tion or “fingerprint” of the selected disc at step 106. The
`controller then compares this with the “fingerprints” stored
`in memory 72 at step 110. If the “fingerprint” is found at step
`114, the CD changer 20 operates in a more 01' less conven-
`tional manner at step 116 and then returns to await the next
`25 disc selection.
`If the “fingerprint” is not found at step 114. the user is
`informed via a display (or other message system) indicating
`that the disc data was not found in the CD changer’s
`database. The_user is then asked if the disc is to be played.
`30 if the user Wishes to attempt to retrieve the data from a
`database, or if the user desires to enter data manually at step
`120. The user may respond via a remote commander or via
`the display/control panel 82. If the user decides to simply
`play the disc (for example. if the disc is borrowed or
`35 infrequently played), control returns to step 116 where
`conventional operation proceeds. Ifthe user decides to enter
`As illustrated in TABLE 1, the machine readable data
`the data manually. a manual en