10
`
`Document Type: Conference paper
`designed based on spectral
`A
`spectral-based weed
`sensor was
`characteristics of crops, weeds and *soil*. Light-insensitive *colour*
`indices were developed. The sensor was
`tested under
`laboratory
`*conditions*. The *detection* accuracy for wheat, soil and weeds (downy
`brome
`(Bromus
`tectorum),
`field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), Kochia
`sp.,
`flixweed
`{Descurainia
`sophia),
`shepherd's
`purse
`(Capsella
`bursa- pastoris),
`redroot
`pigweed
`(Amaranthus
`retroflexus),
`jointed
`goatgrass
`(Aegilops cylindrical ,
`field pennycress
`(Thlaspi arvense) ,
`Japanese brome
`(B.
`japonicus)
`and Russian
`thistle (Salsola iberica))
`reached 98.68%, 98.26% and 64.29%, respectively. 14 ref.
`
`(rtem 2 from file : 50)
`19 / 7/17
`DIALOG(R)File SO:CAB Abstracts
`(c) 2001 CAB International. All rts. reserv.
`
`CAB Accession Number: 950712176
`03127429
`Candidate high spectral resolution infrared indices for crop cover.
`Malthus, T. J.; Andrieu, B.; Danson, F. M.; Jaggard, K. W.; Steven, M.
`D.
`Environmental Science, School of
`and
`Physiology
`of
`Department
`Agriculture, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK.
`Remote Sensing of Environment vol. 46 (2): p.204 - 212
`Publication Year:
`1993
`ISSN: 0034-4257
`Language: English
`Document Type:
`Journal article
`to *soil*
`indices
`The sensitiY.ity of near-IR:red ratio vegetation
`reflectancJ~ and plant *colour*
`result in ambiguous interpretation of
`plant *condition* and productivity . *Measurements* of the reflectance of
`sugarbeet canopies were made at high spectral resolution to investigate
`candidate vegetation
`indices,
`in the near- and middle-IR (800-2500 nm),
`for
`their ability
`to est imate
`foliage cover
`independently of
`the
`extraneous effects of variations in canopy *colour* and *soil* background
`brightness. Reflectances were measured with an IRIS spectroradiometer over
`plots of sugarbeet sown on different dates and at different densities to
`produce
`a wide
`range
`in canopy cover. Vegetation colour was varied by
`infecting selected plots with sugar beet yellows virus (beet yellows
`closterovirus). Soil brightness was varied by placing
`trays of peat
`between
`the
`plant
`rows. Selected narrow-band near-
`and middle-IR
`reflectances were
`tested for
`their relationship with canopy cover and
`their sensitivity to variations in canopy *colour* and *soil* brightness.
`The
`relationship between canopy cover and traditional near - IR:red ratio
`indices was
`found
`to be sensitive
`to both canopy *colour* and *soil*
`brightness. Most
`IR
`indices were
`insensitive to the effects of canopy
`colour, but those showing the highest correlations with cover tended to be
`significantly
`influenced by soil brightness. The most promising near-IR
`reflectances were
`those beyond
`the
`range
`(760-900 nm) of near-IR
`reflectance detected by current space-borne systems, such as Landsat TM
`and SPOT HRV.
`35 ref.
`
`(rtem 3 from file: 50)
`19/7/18
`DIALOG{R)File 50:CAB Abstracts
`(c) 2001 CAB International. All rts. reserv.
`
`CAB Accession Number:
`02764911
`r- ·srgn-nrcance of organic matter
`\_
`.. schulze, D. G.; Nagel, J.
`Baumgardner, M. F.; Stott, D. E.
`Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana,
`Conference Title: Soil color: proceedings
`
`931982039 -
`d t::1
`1
`·1
`.
`in
`·erm1n1ng soi co ors.
`•
`•
`L.; Scoyoc , G. E. van; Henderson, T. L.;
`
`USA.
`of a symposium, San Antonio,
`
`Karen Lehman EIC3600 306-5783 November 5, 2001
`
`US 8,474,183 File History
`Page 160
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`
`

`
`11
`
`Madison, WI, USA
`
`Texas, 21-26 October 1990
`p. 71-90
`Publication Year: 1993
`Editors: Bingham, J . M. ; Ciolkosz, E.J.
`Publisher : Soil Science Society of America, Inc .
`ISBN:
`0-89118-802-9
`Price: $25.00
`Language: English
`Document Type: Conference paper
`-
`... · -
`. --=----i
`Quantitative relationships between *soil* *colour* and organic matter
`content are only poorly understood, but they are . of-Considerable practical
`importance in mapping and classifying soils, interpreting soil properties,
`and
`in des i gning sensors for agricultural equipment . The col our-organic
`matter relationsh ips for Ap horizons from Indiana and Illinois soils were
`studied
`to
`test
`the hypothesis
`that Munsel l value and organic matter
`content are more closely related
`for soils occurring together in soil
`landscapes than for soils over a wide geographical region. Two sample sets
`were collected. Sample set 1 consisted of 105 Ap horizons from throughout
`Indiana, while set 2 consisted of 10 to 15 Ap horizons from each of 16
`landscapes
`in Indiana and Il l inois . Organic matter content was determined
`by dry combustion, and Munsell c o l ours o f both moist and dry sampl es were
`calculated
`from
`reflectance spectra. The
`re l ationship between Munsell
`value and organic matter content: (i) was poor for Indiana soils statewide
`(sample set
`l); (ii) was predictable (r2 >0.9) within soil landscapes if
`soi l textures did not vary widely; (iii) was linear within landscapes with
`silty and loamy textured soils but was curvilinear within landscapes with
`sandy-textured soi l s;
`(iv) was similar among landscapes having the same
`soil
`textures and parent materials; and (v) was not predictable if soil
`texture varied widely (sands vs. silts and loams) within the landscape . I n
`separate study, the colours of various organic and inorganic fractions
`a
`fr0m ·- -the Ap horizons of four Indiana soils were *measured*. The purified
`hu~ic *acid* content was about 15 times the purified fulvic acid content
`for all four soils. The black humic acid, which masked the ye l lowish brown
`colour of
`the
`fulvic acid, was responsible for the dark *colour* of the
`*soil* organic matter.
`37 ref.
`
`( Item 4 from file : 50)
`19 / 7 / 19
`DIALOG(R)File 50:CAB Abstracts
`(c) 2001 CAB International. All rts. reserv.
`
`CAB Accession Number: 911957340
`02437520
`composition of s o ils at Mt . Taishan in China and o f severa l major
`Humus
`s o il s
`i n Japan.
`Xi, Y. F.; Oba, Y.; Tomikawa, A.; Higashi, T.
`Shandong Agric. Univ., China.
`Pedologist vol. 34 (2): p.119-127
`Publication Year:
`1990
`ISSN: 0031-4064
`Summary Language:
`Language:
`Japanese
`Document Type :
`Journal article
`Humus composition of several soils in China and Japan was studied. Soil
`samples were
`taken
`from Entic Brunisolic soil, Orthic Brunisolic soil,
`Mountain Dark-Brown soil and Mountain Shrubby- Meadow soi l at Mt. Taishan
`in China and a l so
`from Light-*coloured* Andosol, Red- Yellow *soil* and
`Acid Brown Forest soi l
`i n Japan. Humus were extracted from the soils with
`0.5% NaOH and a mixture of 0.5% NaOH and O.lM Na4P207 (1:1). Humus
`composition was
`determined
`by
`the
`Kobo
`and
`Oba method,
`and
`visible-ultraviolet absorption spectra of humic *acids* *measured*. The
`types of humic acids extracted from Light-*coloured* Andosol, Red-Yellow
`*soil* and Acid Brown Forest soil were A, Rp and P Type, resp . But the
`humic acids extracted
`from
`the soi l s at Mt. Taishan were a l l Rp, and
`humification was weak.
`4 ref.
`
`engl ish
`
`Karen Lehman EIC3600 306-5783 November 5, 2001
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`
`12
`
`( Item 5 from file: 50)
`19 / 7 / 20
`DIALOG(R)File 50:CAB Abstracts
`(c) 2001 CAB International. All rts. reserv.
`
`CAB Accession Number: 901945470
`02275993
`Characteristics and classification of red, black and yellow soils of
`Rajmahal Trap of Bihar.
`Tiwary, J. R.; Jha, P. P . ; Mishra, B. B.
`Dep.
`Soil Sci .
`and Agric. Chem., Bihar Agric. College, Sabour,
`Bhagalpur, Bihar 813210, India.
`Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science vol. 37 (3): p.518-523
`Publ ication Year:
`1989
`ISSN: 0019-638X
`Language: English
`Document Type:
`Journal article
`Red, black and yel low *coloured* *soils* occur in topographical sequence
`in
`the Rajmahal Trap of Bihar. Various morphological, physicochemical and
`chemical properties of
`these soils
`indicate
`that
`the
`topographical
`situation associated with different moisture and drainage *conditions* was
`instrumental
`in
`*determining* soil characteristics. Red soils are
`Alfisols, while black soils are
`Inceptisols, Vertisols, Entisols and
`Alfisols. The yellow soils are Inceptisols.
`5 ref.
`
`(Item 6 from file: 50)
`19/7 /2 1
`DIALOG(R)File 50:CAB Abstracts
`(c) 2001 CAB International. All rts. reserv.
`
`CAB Accession Number: 901940966 - ---·- - - -
`02211071
`Determination of molecular weights of hum;ic ~acids*-by osmotic pressure
`*measurement* and by permeation chromatography on contrblled pore glass .
`Tsutsuki, K.; Kuwatsuka, S.
`Fae. Agric . , Nagoya Univ., Chikusa-ku , Nagoya, 464-01 Japan .
`Soil Science and Plant Nutrition vol. 35 (3) : p.393-403
`Publication Year:
`1989
`ISSN: 0038-0768
`Language: English
`Document Type:
`Journal article
`(HAs} were
`(Mn) of humic *acids*
`Number-average molecular weights
`*determined* by osmornetry and by permeation chromatography on controlled
`pore glass with a pore size of 500 A . Mn values of dialyzed HAs tended to
`decrease
`in
`the order of Rp(2) > Rp(l) > PO type, and increase in the
`order of
`PO < B < A type. Mn values of non-dialyzed HAs did not show any
`appreciable differences among the HA types, which was considered to be due
`to
`the predominance in the number of species with lower molecular weight
`(< 10,000) in HAs. Mn values calculated from the permeation chromatograms
`showed
`a
`similar
`trend
`to
`those of Mn obtained by osmometry, but the
`values differed depending on t he detect ion methods. Ul traviolet absorption
`gave a smaller value for Mn while the differential refractive index gave a
`larger value
`for Mn
`than that by osmometry . It was shown that both the
`decrease and
`increase
`in
`the molecular weight takes place during the
`humification process of HAs; the decrease was considered t o be associated
`with
`the decomposition of partially decayed bio-polymers and the increase
`with the formation of a dark *coloured* polymer intrinsic to *soils*.
`11
`ref.
`
`(Item 7 from file: 50)
`19/7/22
`DIALOG(R)File 50:CAB Abstracts
`(c} 2001 CAB International. All rts. reserv .
`
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`
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`
`13
`
`CAB Accession Number : 881925298
`02018311
`The significance of gley features
`in s o ils deriv ed from g r ey pare.nt
`mat e r i a l s.
`Moffat, A. J.; Jarvis, M. G.
`Soil Survey of England and Wales, Rothamsted Experimental Station,
`Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
`Journal of Soil Science, UK vol. 39 (2): p.177-189
`Publication Year:
`1988
`6 fig., 4 tab .
`Language: English
`Document Type:
`Journal article
`Detailed observations of gley features in soils derived from grey Upper
`Greensand
`rocks have been compared with
`their *moisture* regimes as
`'*determined* by water-levels
`in dipwells. There was good correlation
`between
`the
`incidence of grey ped face and matrix co l ours of low chroma,
`prominent
`ochreous mottling within
`the matrix and duration of
`waterlogging. Careful examination of soil macromorphology can be used,
`despite inherent greyness, to assess the drainage status and Wetness Class
`of
`these soils . Physical and micromorphological analyses suggest that the
`wetness of
`some Upper Greensand soi l s is due to the combination of low
`vertical permeability
`in
`the underl ying
`rock, and moderate horizontal
`permeability
`in
`the overlying horizons. Such circumstances al l ow perched
`water - tables
`to
`form
`in wet weather,
`sustained by lateral flow when
`rainfall has ceased.
`28 ref.
`
`( Item 1 from fil e : 94 )
`19/7 / 23
`94:JICST-EP1us
`DIALOG(R)Fi l e
`(c)2001 Japan Science and Tech Corp(JST). All rts. reserv.
`
`03111123
`JICST ACCESSION NUMBER : 97A0301425 FILE SEGMENT: JICST-E
`A s imple d iagnostic method for measu~~ng inorg~c nitrogen concentration
`in the soi':l. of a field of ' TOYONOKA ' strawberrie·s .
`(2 ). A s imple
`meas uring method for ino rganic nitrogen· concentration in s oil .
`INOUE KEIKO (1); YAMAMOTO TOMIZO {1); SUENOBU SHINJI (1)
`(1) Fukuoka Agricultural Res. Center
`Fukuokaken Nogyo Sogo Shikenjo Kenkyu Hokoku(Bulletin of the Fukuoka
`Agricultural Research Center), 1997, N0.16, PAGE.39-43, FIG . 7, TBL . 2,
`REF . 14
`ISSN NO: 1341-4593
`JOURNAL NUMBER: Y0232BAG
`UNIVERSAL DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION: 635.1/.8
`631 . 41/.43
`LANGUAGE: Japanese
`COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Japan
`DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal
`ARTICLE TYPE : Original paper
`MEDIA TYPE: Printed Publication
`ABSTRACT: This report describes a simple measuring method for inorganic
`nitrogen concentration in the soil of 'TOYONOKA' strawberries taking
`appropriate control of ferti l izer application by diagnosing the
`concentration in real time during its growing period. After a minimum
`of two weeks of fertilizer application and when the inorganic nitrogen
`concentration in a field was less than 15mg/100g, approximately 90% of
`the inorganic nitrogen was nitrate nitrogen . For the sake of accuracy
`and simplicity, it is, therefore, considered appropriate that the soil
`inorganic nitrogen concentration is estimated by a concentration of
`nitrat e in water extracts from soil samples measured by nitrate test
`paper. The appropriate procedure for extracting water from soil was as
`follows: field moist soil and water (1:2.5 or 1 . 5) were mixed in a
`polyethylene vessel first, then shaken by hand off and on for 10
`minutes, and finally filtrated. As for the measuring method for nitrate
`concentration in water extracted from *soil*, measuring the *color*
`tone of test paper by a portable reflection photometer showed high
`accuracy. Measuring the color tone of the test paper by the color scale
`was inexpensive but the accuracy was low to some degree. The color
`
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`
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`
`14
`
`scale method can be used when the concentration is less than lOOppm.
`The value of the soil *moisture* *measured* two or three days after
`watering could be used as a constant when nitrate concentration in
`water extracted from soil was measured, because the values did not vary
`much during the growing period. (author abst.)
`
`(Item 2 from file: 94)
`19 /7/24
`DIALOG(R)File 94:JICST- EPlus
`(c)2001 Japan Science and Tech Corp(JST). All rts. reserv .
`
`JICST ACCESSION NUMBER: 92A0133266 FILE SEGMENT: JICST-E
`01439290
`Effect of afforestation on characteristics of Ando soil.
`TAMURA KENJI (1); NAGATSUKA SHIZUO (2); OBA YUTAKA (3)
`(1) Univ. of Tsukuba, Sugadaira Montane Res. Center; (2) Kobe Univ.,
`Faculty of Agriculture; (3) Univ. of Tsukuba, Inst. of Applied
`Biochemistry
`Shinrin Ritchi(Japanese Journal of Forest Environment), 1991, VOL.33,N0.2,
`PAGE . 86-91, FIG.7, TBL.4, REF.14
`JOURNAL NUMBER: G0591AAZ
`ISSN NO: 0388-8673
`UNIVERSAL DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION: 630*24
`63 1 .4
`LANGUAGE: Japanese
`COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Japan
`DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal
`ARTI CLE TYPE: Original paper
`MEDIA TYPE: Printed Publication
`ABSTRACT: The physical, chemical and micromorphological properties of
`surf ace soils under the tree garden and the nursery garden in Sugadaira
`Montane Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Central Japan were
`studied. Species of the four stands in the tree garden were Abies
`veichii, Charnaecyparis obtusa, Larix leptolepis and Betula ermanii,
`Soil was Ando Soil originated from volcanic ash, and the *color* of
`surface *soil* was black (7.SYRl . 7/1) to dark brown (7.5YR3/3) .Bulk
`density of surface soil under Abies and Charnaecyparis stands were 0.33
`(gvml-1), and that in the nursery garden was 0.50 (gvml - 1). The values
`of 24hr water holding capacity in the tree garden were higher than that
`in the nursery garden. pH values in the tree garden indicated more
`acidic than that in the nursery garden. Exchange acidity (Yl) was
`highest under Abies stand, and lowest in the nursery garden. RF values
`of humic acid fraction were higher in the nursery garden than in the
`tree garden. The typ·e of humic *acid* · *determi-ned*~from absorption
`spectra was A type except under C-hamaecyparis s.tand. Microstructure of
`surface soils in the tree garden were crumb and granular structure
`under Abies and Chamaecyparis stands, and were subangular blocky
`structure under Larix and Betula stands. Large amounts of plant
`residues and excrements pedofeatures were found in the thin sections of
`soil samples under Abies. Charnaecyparis and Betula stands. In the
`nursery garden , however, those were very few. From these results, it is
`apparent that properties of surface soils in the tree garden were
`different from in the nursery garden. These suggest that afforestation
`affects soil environment, and characteristics of the surface soils
`vary, and that biological activity in soil under afforested stands is
`higher than under an upland field such as the nursery garden. (author
`abst . )
`
`(Item 3 from file: 9~)
`19 / 7/25
`DIALOG(R)File 94:JICST- EPlus
`(c)2001 Japan Science and Tech Corp(JST) . All rts. reserv.
`
`JICST ACCESSION NUMBER: 91A0339329 FILE SEGMENT: JICST-E
`01304658
`Humus composition of soils at Mt. Taishan in China and of s veral major
`soils in Japan.
`OBA YUTAKA (1); TOMIKAWA AKIO (l); HIGASHI TERUO (1); XIAO Y F (2)
`
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`
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`
`15
`
`(1) Univ. of Tsukuba, Inst. of Applied Biochemistry; (2) Shandong
`Agricu l ural Univ., CHN
`Pedorojisuto(Pedo l ogist), 1 990, VOL.34,N0.2, PAGE. 119- 1 27, FIG.4, TBL.2,
`REF . 4
`ISSN NO: 0031-4064
`JOURNAL NUMBER: F0963AAP
`UNIVERSAL DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION: 631.41/.43
`LANGUAGE: Japanese
`COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Japan
`DOCUMENT TYPE : Journal
`ARTICLE TYPE: Ori ginal paper
`MEDIA TYPE: Printed Publicat ion
`ABSTRACT: Humus composition of several soils in China and Japan was
`studied. Soil samples were taken from Entic brunisolic soil, Orthic
`Brunisolic soil,Mountain Dark-brown soil and Mountain Shrubby-meadow
`soil at Mt. Taishan in Ch ina a nd also from Light-*colored * Andosol ,
`Red-Ye l low *soi l * and Acid Brown Forest soi l in Japan . Humus we re
`extracted from the soi ls with 0.5% NaOH and a mixture of 0 . 5% NaOH and
`0. l M Ma4P207( 1:1 ) . Humus composition analysis was carrie d out with Kobo
`and Oba method, and then visible-ultraviol et absorption spectra of
`those humic *acids * were *measured*. From the results obtained, types
`of humic acids and the ir degree s of humi fi cation we re e valuated. The
`types of hurnic acid s ext racted from Light -* colored* Andosol, Red-Yel l ow
`*soil* and Acid Brown Forest soil were A, Rp and P Type, r espect i vely .
`But, the types of humic acids extracted from the soils at Mt. Taishan
`in China were a ll Rp, and it is apparen t that the degree of
`humification were quite low .
`(author abst.)
`
`(Item 4 from file : 94 )
`19/7 / 26
`DIALOG(R)File 94:JICST-EPlus
`(c)2001 Japan Science and Te ch Corp(JST) . All rts. reserv .
`
`JICST ACCESSION NUMBER: 88A0544069 FILE SEGMENT: JICST-E
`00693 1 25
`Skillful cultivation of "Koshihikari", a variety of paddy rice, avoiding a
`lodging lodging by a diagnosis of nutrient *condition* through an
`integrated *measurement* of plant growth.
`TANNO FUMIO ( 1 )
`(1) Fukushima Prefect . Agricul tural Exp. Stn .
`Nogyo oyobi Engei (Agricul t ure and Horticulture), 1988, VOL.63 , N0.8,
`PAGE.951-957, FIG.11, TBL . 7
`JOURNAL NUMBER : G0801AAD
`ISSN NO: 0369-5247
`UNIVERSAL DEC I MAL CLASSIFICATION: 633.18
`LANGUAGE : J apan ese
`COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Japan
`DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal
`ARTICLE TYPE: Commentary
`MEDIA TYPE: Printed Publicat ion
`ABSTRACT: Tehcniques for nutrient condition diagnosis were investigated to
`attain a 600kg/10 a yield in the cu l tivation of "Koshihikari" var iety
`(1). Characteristics of growth of (1 ) in Fukushima Prefecture were
`examined to learn an ideal growth pat t ern o f
`(1) to attain the yield.
`Methods are explained for predi c tion a nd dia gnosis of growth of (1) by
`an integrated measurement of pla n t
`l ength, stem number, leaf *color*,
`ammonia ni t rogen in *soil* and temperature.
`
`CODEN : NOOEA
`
`(Item 1 from file: 98)
`19/7/27
`DIALOG(R)File 98:General Sci Abs/ Full-Text
`(c) 2001 The HW Wilson Co. All rts . r e s e rv .
`
`(THIS IS THE FULLTEXT)
`H. W. WILSON RECORD NUMBER: 8GSA99055569
`04055569
`The edaphic factor and patterns of variation in Lasthenia californica
`(Asteraceae) .
`Rajakaruna, Nishanta
`Bohrn, Bruce A
`
`Karen Lehman EIC3600 306 - 57 83 November 5, 2001
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`
`34
`
`serpentine species of Streptanthus (Brassicaceae) : field and greenhouse
`studies . Madrono 42: 458-469.
`LINDSAY, W. L., AND W. A. NORVELL. 1978. Development of a DTPA soi l
`test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Journal of the Soil Science
`Society of America 42: 421-428.
`LINHART, Y. B . , AND M. C. GRANT. 1996. Evolutionary significance of
`local genetic differentiation in plants . Annual Review of Ecology and
`Systematics 27: 237-277.
`MASON, H. 1946a . The edaphic factor i n n a rrow endemism. 1. The nature
`of environmental influences. Madrano 8: 209-226.
`MASON, H. 1946b . The edaphic factor in narrow endemism. 2. The
`geographic occurrence of plants in highly restricted patterns of
`distribution. Madrono 8: 24 1 -257.
`MAYER, M. S., AND P. S. SOLTIS. 1994 . Th e evolution of serpentine
`endemics: a chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Streptanthus glandulosus
`complex (Cruciferae) . Systematic Botany 19: 557-574.
`MUNSELL *SOIL* *COLOR* CHARTS. 1 992. Macbeth Division of Kollmorgen
`Instruments Corporation, revised ed . Newburgh, New York, NY.
`NISSEN, P., AND A. A. BENSON . 1964 . Absence of s~lenate esters and
`"selenolipid" in plant s . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 82: 400-402.
`NORUSIS, M. J. 1993. SPSS for windows: base system user's guide
`release 6.0. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL.
`ORNDUFF, R. 1966. A biosystematic survey of the Go l dfield genus
`Lasthenia (Compositae: Helenieae). University of California Publ ications in
`Botany 40: 1-92.
`PAGE, A. L., R. H. MILLER, AND D. R. KEENEY. 1982 . Methods of soil
`analysis, Part 2, Chemical and microbial properties, 281-283. Soil Science
`Society of America, Inc. Madison, WI.
`PROCTOR, J., AND K. WHITTEN . 1 971 . A popul ation of the Val l ey Pocket
`Gopher (Thomomys bottae) on a serpentine soil. American Midland Naturalist
`85 : 517 - 521.
`PROCTOR, J., ANDS . R. J . WOODELL . 1975. The ecology of serpentine
`soils. Advances in Ecologi cal Research 9: 255-366.
`RAVETTA, D. A., S. P . MCLAUGHLIN, AND J. W. O'LEARY . 1997. Eval uation
`of salt tolerance and resin production in coasta l and centra l val l ey
`accessions of Grindelia species (Asteraceae). Madrano 44: 74-88 .
`SNAYDON, R. W. 1962. The growth and competitive abi l ity of contrasting
`natural populations of Trifolium repens L. on ca l careous and acid soils.
`Journal of Ecology 50: 439-447.
`STREIT, B . , R. J . HOBBS, ANDS. STREIT. 1993 . Plant distributions and
`soil chemistry at a serpentine/non-serpent i ne boundary in Ca l ifornia . In B.
`Markert ed .
`, Plants as biomonitors : indicators for heavy metals in
`terrestrial environment. VCH, Weinheim, Germany.
`TADROS, T. M. 1957. Evidence of the presence of an edapho - biotic
`factor in the problem of serpentine tolerance. Ecology 38: 14- 23.
`TURITZIN, S. N. 1982. Nutrient limitation to plant growth in a
`California serpentine grassland. American Midland Naturalist. 107: 95-99.
`TURKINGTON, R., AND L. W. AARSSEN. 1984. Local-scale differentiation
`as a result of competitive interactions. In R. Dirzo and J. Sarukhan
`eds.
`, Perspectives in p l ant population ecology. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA .
`UBC SOIL SCIENCE LABORATORY MANUAL . 1981. Methods manual. Pedology
`Laboratory. Department of Soi l Science, University of British Columbia,
`Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
`WILKINSON, L . , M. HILL, AND E . VANG. 1992. SYSTAT : statistics, version
`5.2 edition. SYSTAT INC., Evanston, IL.
`WOODELL, S. R. J., H. A. MOONEY, AND H. LEWIS. 1975. The adaptation to
`serpentine soils in California of the annual species Linanthus androsaceus
`(Polemoniaceae). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 102: 232-238.
`
`( I t em 1 fro m file : 117)
`1917/ 28
`DIALOG(R)File 11 7:Water Resour. Abs.
`(c) 2001 Cambridge Scientific Abs. All rts. reserv .
`
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`WRA NUMBER: 9203393
`00743112
`Relation o f Cation Exc hange Capacity to Clay and Organic Car b on Co ntent s
`o f I ndiana So ils
`Franzmeier, D P ; Steinhardt, G C ; Brasher, B R
`Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science PIACAP, Vol. 99, No 1, p
`107-112, September, 1990. 2 fig, 1 tab, 8 ref .
`1990
`DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal article
`ABSTRACT: Soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a measure of the cations
`adsorbed on the negative sites o f solid particles and is commonly
`expressed as milliequivalents of positive charge per 100 gm. of soil
`(me/aOOg) . Proper soil management requires knowledge of CEC in
`determining the ability of a soil to retain nutrient cations and to
`prevent them from getting into the surface or groundwater. CEC has been
`determined for many soils, but not for many others. Summation of the
`relationships of CEC to clay and organic matter contents, which are
`more commonly determined, can be used to predict CEC for soils with no
`CEC data. CEC was determined at two pH levels. Basic cations (Ca++,
`Mg++, Na+ and K+) were extracted with ammonium acetate solution, and
`extractable *acidity* was *determined* by the barium
`chloride-triethanolamine method at a pH of 8.2. Al l cations in the soil
`were replaced by NH4+ ions and adsorbed NH4+ was determined . The base
`saturation was calculated by dividing the sum of extracted base cations
`extracted by the ammonium acetate and multiplying the result by 100 to
`give a percentage. Particle size was determined by the pipette method
`and organic carbon was determined by wet oxidation. On average for all
`soils of the state, 100 grams of clay contributes 59 me CEC and 100
`grams of organic matter contributes 208 me CEC measured at pH 8.2. This
`CEC is about 15% higher than the CEC measured at pH 7.0. Soil pH can be
`used to predict base saturation with moderate accuracy. CEC can also be
`predicted from *soil* texture and Munsell *color* designation which can
`be estimated in the field and which are recorded in many soil pedon
`descriptions. (Doyle-PPT) 35 009058011
`
`( Item 2 from file: 117 )
`1 9/ 7 / 29
`DIALOG(R)File 117:Water Resour . Abs .
`(c) 2001 Cambridge Scientific Abs . All rts. reserv .
`
`WRA NUMBER : 7402301
`00568036
`WATER REGIME OF SOLONCHAK SOLONETZES IN OPEN AREAS OF FORESTS IN THE NORTH
`CASPIAN SEA REGION,
`(VODNYY REZHIM SOLONCHAKOVYKH SOLONTSOV NA
`POLYANAKH LESNYKH NASAZHDENIY SEVERNOGO PRIKASPIYA)
`OLOVYANNIKOVA,
`I N
`POCHVOVEDENIYE, NO 11, P 44-55, 1972. 3 FIG, 5 TAB, 8 REF.
`1972
`DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal article
`ABSTRACT: TO STUDY WATER REGIME OF SOLONCHAK SOLONETZES IN OPEN AREAS . OF
`FORESTS IN THE SEMIDESERT OF THE NORTH CASPIAN SEA REGION,
`INVESTIGATIONS WERE CARRIED OUT ON VIRGIN SOLONCHAK SOLONETZ AND ON
`DARK-*COLORED* *SOIL* OF SINKS {1966-69), AND ON SOLONETZES IN OPENINGS
`BETWEEN TREES PLANTED IN 1952 (1963-68) . - soIL " *~OISTUR!E)CONTENT WAS
`<::-*BETERMINED* TO THE ROOTING DEPTH MONTHLY DURTNG--THE-CROWNING SEASON
`AND_ ~O THE WATER TABLE IN SPRING AND AUTUMN . ADDITIONAL WETTING THROUGH
`ACCUMULATION OF SNOW ON OPEN AREAS PRODUCED A RADICAL CHANGE IN THE
`WATER REGIME OF SOLONCHAK SOLONETZES, RESULTING IN DESALINIZATION AND
`DESOLONETZIZATION OF THESE SOILS. AN INCREASE IN WETTING DEPTH AND SOIL
`WATER STORAGE IN SPRING CONTRIBUTED TO GROWTH OF A LUXURIANT GRASS
`COVER ON SOLONETZES IN OPEN AREAS. DEPTH OF ROOTING OF WELL-DEVELOPED
`PLANTS AND DEPTH OF SOIL DRYING WERE GREATER IN THE OPEN THAN IN VIRGIN
`SOLONETZ. WATER LOSS FROM OPEN AREAS DURING A GROWING SEASON EXCEEDED
`THAT FROM VIRGIN SOLONETZES BY A FACTOR OF 1.5-3 AND APPROACHED THE
`
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`AMOUNT OF WATER LOST BY STEPPE VEGETATION OF SINKS .
`
`(JOSEFSON- USGS)
`
`( I t em 3 from f ile: 117 )
`19/ 7 / 30
`DIALOG(R)File 117:Water Resour.Abs .
`(c) 2001 Cambridge Scientific Abs. All rts . reserv .
`
`WRA NUMBER : 7 21313 0
`00548329
`VISIBLE AND NEAR INFRARED REMOTE-SENSING OF SOIL MOI STURE LEVELS
`SEWELL, J I
`; ALLEN, W H ; PILE, R S
`TENNESSEE UNIV., KNOXVILLE
`TRANSACTIONS AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS, VOL 14, NO 6, P
`1163-1166, NOV-DEC. 1971. 5 FIG, 4 TAB, 9 REF.
`1971
`DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal article
`ABSTRACT: LABORATORY AND FIELD TESTS USING INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHIC
`TECHNIQUES SHOW THAT DETECTING DIFFERENCES IN SURFACE SOIL MOISTURE
`LEVELS OF FALLOW SOILS IS TECHNICALLY POSSIBLE. A TECHNIQUE FOR
`EVALUATING THE SOIL MOISTURE LEVELS OF LARGE AREAS WILL BE USEFUL IN
`LOCATING AREAS NEEDING IMPROVED DRAINAGE AND FOR SCHEDULING IRRIGATION.
`DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FILM DENSITY AND SURFACE *MOISTURE* WERE *DETECTED*
`BEST WITH COLOR INFRARED FILM AND WRATTEN NO 15 OR NO 15 PLUS 80B FILM
`FILTERS. WHILE BLACK- AND- WHITE INFRARED FILM CAN ALSO BE USED TO
`*DETECT* SURFACE *SOIL* *MOISTURE* DI-F-FERENCES-;- ~*CO.COR* INFRARED FILM
`.. --·-~
`EXHIBITED GREATER VARIATIONS IN THE ·T0NE· ASSOCIATED WITH SOIL MOISTURE
`DIFFERENCES. VARIATI ONS IN OPTICAL DENSITY OF INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHS ARE
`MORE CLOSELY RELATED TO COLOR AND REFLECTED LIGHT THAN TO THERMAL
`PROPERTIES. THE PRECISION OF AERIAL INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIES MAY
`BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY VARYING CLOUD COVER, DIFFERENT SUN ANGLES,
`DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FILM LOTS, AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RUNS IN FILM
`PROCESSING. EVALUATING SOIL MOISTURE LEVELS OF SOILS HAVING HEAVY
`VEGETAL COVER MAY BE DIFFICULT.
`(USBR)
`
`(Item 1 from fil e: 144)
`19 / 7 / 31
`DIALOG(R)File 144:Pascal
`(c) 2001 INIST/CNRS. Al l rts. reserv.
`
`PASCAL No.: 98-0431946
`13739458
`Preferent ial flow in a well draine d a nd a poorly dr ained soil unde r
`different o verhead irrigation regimes
`MCLEOD M; SCHIPPER L A; TAYLOR M D
`Landcare Research NZ Ltd. Private Bag 3127, Hamilton, New Zealand
`Journal: Soil use and management,
`1998, 14 (2) 96-100
`ISSN: 0266-0032 CODEN: SUMAEU Availability: INIST-20853;
`354000076875450070
`No. of Refs.: 22 ref.
`Document Type: P (Serial} ; A (Analytic)
`Country o f Publ ication: United Kingdom
`Language: English
`There
`is environmental concern about the increasing land application of
`dairy shed effluent in New Zealand. To minimize groundwater contamination
`by applied nutrients and pathogens it is desirable to avoid preferential
`flow
`through
`topsoils. Our objective was to determine an irrigation rate
`that retained applied effluent in the topsoil of two commonly irrigated New
`Zealand soils. In a field experiment, well drained Horotiu soi l s and poorly
`drained Te Kowhai soils were
`irrigated with a pyranine dye/KBr tracer
`sol ution at
`f our rates
`(5, 10, 15, 20 mm/h) using a drip-type rainfall
`simulator. Twenty minutes after irrigation ceased the soil was excavated
`horizontally at 25 or 50 mm intervals, and photographed under UV light
`until no further fluorescence was visible. Each layer was also analysed for
`bromide content, without
`subsampling. The wetting pattern was uneven in
`both soils as
`leachate moved preferentially
`through worm channels and
`
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`
`structural cracks. Preferential flow was greatest in the Te Kowhai soil and
`increased at
`faster application rates. Dye fluorescence was curvilinearly
`related
`to bromide concentration. At both study sites, maintaining the
`irrigation rate at <= 10 mm/h minimized leachate movement into the subsoil.
`Pu lsed irrigation at faster rates was not retained in the topsoil.
`
`Copyright (c) 1998 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.
`
`{Item 2 from file: 144}
`19/7/32
`DIALOG(R)File 144:Pascal
`(c) 2001 INIST/CNRS. All rts. reserv.
`
`PASCAL No.: 90-0175805
`09007624
`Use of color splJ