LMK Technologies, LLC Ex. 2023
`BLD Services, LLC v. LMK Technologies, LLC
`IPR2014-00770
`
`

`
`3.2.4 lawzcher—-—combination of a rigid elongated tube and
`lay-flat hose apparatus where the main bladder is attached and
`the main sheet is wrapped around the exterior of the rigid
`portion. The lateral bladder and lateral liner is drawn inside the
`hose. The launcher is positioned within the main pipe; air
`pressure is introduced into the hose causing inflation of the
`main bladderl sheet and inversion of the lateral bladder Lube.
`3.2.5 lzfr—a portion of the MLCIPL that has cured in a
`position such that it has pulled away from the existing pipe
`wall.
`3.2.6 main and lmeral cured in place lining (MLCIPL --a
`textile including plastic coating impregnated by a therrnoset—
`ting resin. This pipe is formed within a portion of the existing
`main pipe and the lateral pipe. Therefore, it takes the shape of
`an existing TEE or WYE fitting and fits tightly to the existing
`pipes.
`3.2.7 resin—polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy or silicate resin
`systems being ambient, steam, or hot water cured.
`3.2.8 resin slug~—excess resin at the upper most end of a
`lateral lining.
`3.2.9 sewer service laIeral~—a pipe servicing a building or a
`side service.
`3.2.10 .sheet-a flat textile sheet that is formed into a 16
`inches long tube within the main pipe. The sheet is connected
`to the lateral tube forming a one-piece TEE or WYE shaped
`fitting.
`transition~the change in pipe diameter commonly
`3.2.1]
`found in lateral pipes.
`
`4319? F2561 -11
`membrane (translucent bladder) that will contain the resin and
`facilitate vacuum impregnation and monitoring of the resin
`saturation during the resin impregnation (wet—out) procedure.
`5.1.3 The main sheet and lateral tube shall be a one-piece
`assembly formed as a TEE or WYE shaped fitting. No
`intermediate or encapsulated elastomeric layers shall be in the
`textile that may cause delamination in the cured in place pipe.
`The main sheet will be flat with one end overlapping the
`second end and sized accordingly to create a circular lining
`equal to the inner diameter of the main pipe. The lateral tube
`will be continuous in length and the wall thickness shall be
`uniform. The lateral tube shall include a hydrophilic O—n'ng
`attached to the interior surface at the tail end of the tube. The
`lateral tube will be capable of conforming to ofiset joints, bells,
`and disfigured pipe sections.
`5.2 Resin:
`5.2.1 The resin/liner system shall conform to Test Method
`l)'lr-H t, 1,0 000-h test.
`5.2.2 The resin shall be a corrosion resistant polyester, vinyl
`ester, epoxy or silicate resin and catalyst system that when
`properly cured within the composite pipe assembly. meets the
`requirements of Practice H ‘2 l (3, the physical properties herein,
`and those, which are to be utilized in the design of the MLCIPL
`for this project.
`5.2.3 The resin shall produce a MLCIPL, which will comply
`with the structural and chemical resistance requirements of
`Practice H2 I n.
`
`4. Significance and Use
`4.) This practice is for use by designers and specifiers,
`regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations who
`are involved in the rehabilitation of sewer service laterals and
`its connection to the main through the use of a resin-
`impregnated tube installed within an existing sewer lateral. As
`for any practice, modifications may be required for specific job
`conditions.
`
`5. Materials
`5.1 fliibe and Sheet:
`5.1.1 The main sheet and who shall consist of one or more
`layers of absorbent textile i.e. needle punched felt or circular
`knit that meet the requirements of Practice Hilo and Speci-
`fication l)f>t$l.$. Sections 6 and 8. The main sheet and tube shall
`be constructed to withstand installation pressures, have stilli-
`cient strength to bridge missing pipe segments, and flexibility
`to lit irregular pipe sections. The volume of resin used should
`be suficient to fill all voids in the tube material at nominal
`thickness and diameter. The wet-out main sheet. and tube shall
`have a uniform thickness and excess resin distribution that
`when compressed at installation pressures will meet or exceed
`the design thickness after cure.
`5.1.2 The outside layer of the tube (before inversion) and
`the interior of the main sheet (before inflation) shall be coated
`with an impermeable, translucent flexible membrane. The main
`sheet befonc insertion shall be permanently marked as a lateral
`identification correlating to the address of the building the
`lateral pipe services. The main sheet and tube shall be
`surrounded by a second impermeable,
`flexible translucent
`
`6. Design Considerations
`6.1 The MLCIPL shall be designed in accordance with
`Practice Flt‘. 16, Appendix X1 in respect to the lateral and main
`line tubes. If the mainline pipe has been renewed with a
`structural lining from manhole to manhole, then the mainline
`portion of the MLCIPL is designed only for hydrostatic
`buckling.
`6.1.1 The design for the main and lateral tube shall assume
`no bonding to the original pipe.
`
`7. Installation Recommendations
`7.1 Access Safety—Prior to entering access areas such as
`manholes or an excavation pit, performing inspection or
`cleaning operations, an evaluation of the atmosphere to deter-
`mine the presence of toxic or flammable vapors or lack of
`oxygen shall be undertaken in accordance with local, state, or
`federal safety regulations.
`7.l.l Cleaning and Pre-Inspection and Post Inspection, as
`per NASSCO (National Association of Sewer Service Compa-
`nies) Guidelines.
`7.1.2 Accessing the LateraI—-A clean—out must be located
`outside of the building and upstream at the upper end of the
`finished lateral lining. In order to access both the upstream and
`downstream sides of the lateral pipe, it is recommended that
`the cleanout is TEE shaped where the lateral and riser pipe join.
`7.l .3 Plugging—Thc upstream side of the clcanout shall be
`plugged during insertion and curing of the MLCIPL assembly
`ensuring no flows enter the pipe and no air, steam or odors will
`enter the building. When required, the main pipe flows will be
`by-passed. The pumping system will be sufficiently sized for
`normal
`to peak flow conditions. The upstream manhole is
`
`Copyright by ASTM lnt’l (all rights reserved); Fri Feb 17 17:27:40 FJET 2012
`Downloaded/printed by
`Rick Gage (LMK+Technologies) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
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`monitored at all times and an emergency deflate system will be
`incorporated so that the plugs may be removed at any time
`without requiring confined space entry.
`7.1.4 Inspection of Pr'pelr'nes—'l"ire interior of the pipeline
`shall be carefully inspected to determine the location of any
`condition that shall prevent proper installation, such as roots,
`and collapsed or crushed pipe. These conditions shall be noted
`so that
`they can be corrected before installation of the
`MLCIPL. Experienced personnel
`trained in locating breaks,
`obstacles, and service connections by closed circuit television
`shall perform inspection of pipelines.
`7.1.5 Line 0bstructi0ns——'I'lrc existing service lateral shall
`be clear of obstructions that prevent the proper insertion and
`expansion of the lining system. Changes in pipe size shall be
`accommodated, by sizing the lateral tube according to the pipe
`diameter and condition. Obstructions may include dropped or
`ollset joints of no more than 20 % of inside pipe diameter.
`7.2 Resin Impregnation—The lateral tube and main sheet
`encapsulated within the translucent bladder (linerlbladder as-
`sembly) shall be vacuum-impregnated with resin (wet-out)
`under controlled conditions. The volume of resin used shall be
`sufficient
`to fill all voids in the textile lining material at
`nominal thickness and diameter. The volume shall be adjusted
`by adding 5 to 10 % excess resin for the change in resin
`volume due to polymerization and to allow for any migration
`of resin into the cracks and joints in the original pipe. No dry
`or unsaturated area in the main sheet or lateral tube shall be
`acceptable upon visual inspection.
`73 MLCIPL Inserti0n——The lateral tube and inversion blad-
`der will be inserted into the carrying device. The main bladder
`is connected to the launching device by an airtight clamping
`system. The main sheet is wrapped around the “T” launching
`device and held firmly by four (4) hydrophilic 0-rings. A
`two-part 100 % solid epoxy shall ‘tx: applied as a tWo—inch
`(2-in.) wide band in a volume of 300 ml. to the main sheet/
`lateral tube interface. Both the launching and carrying device
`are pulled into the pipe using a cable winch. The pull
`is
`complete when the main sheet! lateral tube interface is aligned
`with the service connection within the main pipe. The lateral
`tube is completely protected during the pull. The main sheet is
`supported upon the rigid “T” launcher that is elevated above
`the pipe invert by means of a rotating skid system. The
`MLCIPL assembly shall not be contaminated or diluted by
`exposure to dirt, debris, or water during the pull.
`7.4 The bladder is inflated causing the tubular main sheet to
`be unfolded and the hydrophilic o—rings expanded as both are
`pressed against the main pipe. The lateral
`tube is inverted
`through the center of the tubular shaped main sheet up into the
`existing lateral pipe by the action of the lateral bladder as the
`tube is fully extended to the designated termination point. The
`main and lateral bladders shall extend past the termination
`points oi" the main sheet and the tube causing ends to remain
`open whereby no cutting for reinstatement is required.
`7.5 Curing—After insertion is complete. pressure is main-
`tained pressing the MLCIPL firmly against the inner pipe wall.
`The NHJCIPL is chemically cured at ambient temperatures or
`by a suitable heat source. The heating equipment shall be
`capable of delivering and circulating a mixture 01 steam and air
`
`Alflllt‘ F2561 — 11
`or hot water throughout the MLCIPL to uniformly raise the
`temperature above the temperature required to cure the resin.
`The curing of the MLCIPL must take into account the existing
`pipe material, the resin system, and ground conditions (tem-
`perature, moisture level, and thermal conductivity of the soil).
`When using a heat source, temperatures shall be monitored and
`logged at the upstream end of the lateral lining during the cure
`and cool down cycles. The manufacturer’s recommended cure
`schedule shall be submitted.
`7 .6 MLCIPL Proces.sing—Curing shall be done without
`pressure interruption with air or a mixture of air and steam for
`the proper duration of time per the resin manufacturer’s
`recommendations. When the heat source is removed and the
`temperature on both ends of the MLCIPL reaches 100°F or
`less, the processing shall be finished.
`
`8. Finish
`
`8.1 The finished MLCTPL shall be continuous over the
`entire length of the rehabilitated sewer service lateral and 16 in.
`of the main pipe (5 in. on either side of a 6-in. lateral or 6 in.
`on either side of a 4-in. lateral connection). The MLCIPL shall
`provide a smooth bore interior. The MLCIPL shall be free of
`dry spots, lifts, and delamination. 'Ihe MLCIPL shall taper at
`each end so as to accept video equipment and maintain a proper
`flow. After the work is completed, the installer will provide the
`owner with video footage as per NASSCO guidelines docu-
`menting the overall integrity of the MLCIPL and the visual
`lateral identification address markings as completed work. The
`finished product must provide an airtight! water-tight verifiable
`non-leaking connection between the main sewer and sewer
`service lateral.
`
`9. Recommended Inspection Practices
`9.1 Sampling——As designated by the purchaser in the pur-
`chase agreement,
`the preparation of a MLCIPL sample is
`required. The sample shall be prepared by securing a flat plate
`mold using the textile tube material and resin system as used
`for the rehabilitated lateral and lateral to main line connection.
`9.1.1 The pressure applied on the plate sample will be equal
`to the highest sustained pressure exerted on the textile lining
`during the cure process at any location.
`9.1.2 The minimum length of the sample must be able to
`produce at least five specimens for testing in accordance with
`Test Method l)'79U.
`9.2 Condin'oning—Condition the test specimens at 73.4 I
`3.6°F (23 i 2°C) and 50 3: 5 % relative humidity for not less
`than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Practice Deals, for
`those tests where conditioning is required.
`9.3 Shorz—Term Flexural Properries——'l.‘he llexural strength
`and flexural modulus of the lVll.ClPL shall be determined in
`accordance with Test Method l)'79tl. The values shall meet the
`minimum requirements of Tahlr
`I or the values used in design,
`
`TABLE 1 MLCIPL Initial Physical Properties
`Minimum Value
`
`
`Property
`
`ASTM Test
`
`Flexural strength
`Flexural Modulus
`
`[3790
`plan
`
`psi
`
`4500
`250 000
`
`(MP5)
`
`(31)
`(1724)
`
`Copyright by ASTM lnt'l (all rights reserved); Fri Feb 17 17:27:40 EST 2012
`Dnwnloadedlprinted by
`Rick Gage (LMK.+'l’echnologies) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
`
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`43]]? F2561 — 11
`test should take place after the MLCIPL has cooled down to
`ambient temperature. This test is limited to pipe lengths with
`no service connections. The test pressure shall be 4 psi for a
`3~min test time and during this time the pressure shall not drop
`below 3.5 psi.
`
`whichever are higher.
`9.4 MLCIPL Wall Thickness—Tl1e average wall thickness
`for the lateral section shall meet the thickness determined by
`the design or as otherwise specified. The average wall thick-
`ness for
`the main line section shall meet
`the thickness
`determined by the design or as otherwise specified. The
`average thickness shall be determined in accordance with
`Specification l)1~8 I .t. The minimum wall thickness at any one
`point, as determined in accordance with Specification [)5i~'t3,
`shall not be less than 87.5 % of the thickness required by
`design or otherwise specified.
`9.5 Grat-i1§v Pipe Leakage Testing——Il‘ required by the owner
`in the contract documents or purchase order, gravity pipes
`should be tested using an air test method where a test plug is
`placed adjacent to the upstream and downstream ends of the
`main sheet and at the upper most end of the lateral tube. This
`ASTM international takes no position rtespectlng the validity of any patent rights asserted In connection with any item mentioned
`in this standard. Users of (his standard are expresslyadvised that deterrnination or the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
`of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility
`ible technical committee and must be reviewed every ilve years and
`This standard is subject to revision at any time by the respons
`vited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
`ifnot revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Yourcomments are In
`and should be addressed to ASTM lntematlonai Headquarters. Your comments will receive carelul consideration at a meeting oi the
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`make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
`Harbor Drive, PO Box C700. West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
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`this standard may be untamed by contacting ASTM at the above
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`COPYRIGHT/).
`
`10. Keywords
`10.] ambient cure; continuous; cured~in-place pipe; epoxy‘,
`felt; flange shaped gasket; hydrophilic neoprene rubber; hydro-
`philic O~rings; inflation; inversion; knit; lateral identification;
`lateral pipe;
`lateral
`tube;
`launcher;
`liner/bladder assembly;
`main pipe; main sheet; main to lateral connection; MLCIPL;
`one-piece; resin; sewer lateral lines‘. sheet; steam cure; TEE;
`textile sheet; textile tube; transition; translucent bladder; tube;
`vacuum impregnate; WYE
`
`4
`Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved)’, Fri Feb 17 17:27:40 EST 2012
`Downloaded/printed by
`Rick Gage (LMK+Teehnnlogies) pursuam to License Agrccment. No further reproductions authorized.
`
`47