BLD SERVICES, LLC - EX. 1037
`IPR2014 – 00770
`BLD SERVICES, LLC v. LMK TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
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`US 6,942,426 B1
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13, 2005
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13,2005
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13, 2005
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13, 2005
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 13, 2005
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`US 6,942,426 B1
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`1
`PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR
`REPAIRING PIPES
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 shows a cross-section View of a sewer pipe and the
`devices used to practice the disclosed invention;
`FIG. 2a is a perspective view of the upper portion of the
`first manifold;
`FIG. 2b is a perspective view of the lower portion of the
`first manifold;
`FIG. 3a is a cross-section view of the upper portion of the
`first manifold;
`FIG. 3b is a cross-section view of the lower portion of the
`first manifold;
`FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view of the second manifold in the
`pipe;
`FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the second manifold;
`FIG. 5B is a cross-section view of the second manifold;
`FIG. 5C is an end view of the second manifold;
`FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a length of an extension
`tube having an access relief; and
`FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a length of an extension
`tube without an access relief.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC
`EMBODIMENTS
`
`The disclosed inventions relate generally to a process for
`repairing pipelines, specifically a high temperature and high
`pressure process for curing resin impregnated in a flexible
`liner used to line or repair the inner surface of a segment of
`pipe or pipeline, and apparatus used to practice the several
`embodiments of the disclosed process.
`The first step in the disclosed process of lining a pipe
`comprises isolating a segment of pipe requiring relining. The
`next step requires preparing a hose assembly comprising a
`flexible liner impregnated within a resin. The hose assembly
`is then inserted into the segment of pipe requiring relining so
`that it extends generally longitudinally through the pipe. The
`hose assembly is then closed at each end to allow it to be
`selectively inflated, heated or cooled, and at least one end is
`connected to a source capable of inserting a pressurized
`medium to a source capable of inserting a gas into the hose
`assembly. Thermocouples, or other means for measuring
`temperature, are placed at selected locations on the inner
`surface of the segment of pipe. By injecting a pressurized
`medium into the hose assembly,
`the hose assembly is
`expanded so that
`the hose assembly contacts the inner
`surface of the pipe.
`The temperature of the hose assembly is then elevated to
`a first temperature range to initiate or facilitate cross-linking
`of the resin. In one version, a heated pressurized medium is
`introduced into the hose assembly to elevate the tempera-
`ture. Once the exothermic cross-linking reaction has been
`observed or monitored, the temperature of the hose assem-
`bly is elevated to a second temperature range. While there
`may be some overlap between the first and second tempera-
`ture ranges, the second temperature range is generally higher
`than the first
`temperature range. The hose assembly is
`maintained within the second temperature range for a
`selected time to allow the resin to cure at the inner surface
`
`of the pipe. The hose assembly 10 is maintained at such
`temperature and pressure levels during the resin curing stage
`so that the flexible liner 20 is pressed tight against the inner
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`surface 42 of the pipe 40. Even though the flexible liner 20
`and resin may not adhere to the inner surface 42, the cured
`resin and flexible liner form a sufficiently hard and water
`impermeable barrier thereby lining the pipe 40. Once the
`selected time has transpired, the heated pressure medium is
`evacuated from the hose assembly.
`A hose assembly 10 is prepared by selecting a resin
`impregnated flexible liner 20 of appropriate length and
`diameter. The flexible liner 20 may comprise any fabric
`known in the industry such as, but not limited to, polyester
`felt, fiber fleece or natural or synthetic materials, or any
`combination thereof, for example as described in U.S. Pat.
`Nos. 4,714,095, 4,770,562, 5,029,615, 5,609,439, 6,270,289
`and 6,227,764. In one version, the hose assembly 10 com-
`prises the flexible liner 20. In another version,
`the hose
`assembly 10 comprises the flexible liner 20 and a calibration
`hose 30 placed within the flexible liner 20 in a generally
`concentric or coaxial arrangement. Using existing method-
`ologies and operations, such as but not limited to, direct
`inversion or pulled-in-place technologies, the hose assembly
`10 is inserted into a segment of a pipe 40. In one version, the
`pulled-in-place methodology employs a flexible liner 20 and
`a calibration hose 30, whereas the direct inversion technique
`employs only a flexible liner 20. The particular methodology
`chosen for the disclosed process depends primarily on the
`site specific rigors of the particular installation. These meth-
`odologies are generally known to the artisan, and discus-
`sions of these methodologies and operations are not detailed
`here.
`
`As shown in FIG. 1, the hose assembly 10 will generally
`extend through the segment of pipe 40 from about a first
`access point 50 to about a second access point 60. The first
`end 12 and a second end 14 of the hose assembly 10 are
`located respectively in proximity to the first and second
`access points 50, 60 when the hose assembly 10 is in the pipe
`40.
`
`A first manifold 70, specifically the lower portion 74,
`(FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B), is attached to the first end 12 of
`the hose assembly 10. In one version, the first manifold 70
`is attached to the first end 12 of the hose assembly 10 before
`the hose assembly 10 is extended through the pipe 40. In
`another version, the first manifold 70 is attached to the first
`end 12 of the hose assembly 10 after the hose assembly 10
`is extended through the pipe 40.
`The first manifold 70 is removably secured to the hose
`assembly 10 by inserting the lower portion 74 into the first
`end 12 and binding the hose assembly 10 around the tapered
`barrel 90 of the first manifold 70. The opening 80 is inserted
`into the first end 12 leaving the connector portion 82 outside
`the hose assembly 10. The hose assembly 10 may be secured
`around the tapered barrel 90 using a banding clamp 92, a
`strap, an elastic band, tape, or any other generally circular or
`closed configuration, or any combination thereof, having a
`circumference that can be tightened around the hose assem-
`bly 10 and the tapered barrel 90.
`The hose assembly 10 is extended longitudinally through
`the segment of pipeline 40. In one version, the hose assem-
`bly 10 is rolled or everted through the pipeline 40. In one
`version, air or gas may be introduced into the hose assembly
`10 through the first manifold 70 to extend the hose assembly
`10 through the pipe 40. In yet another version, the air or gas
`being introduced into the hose assembly 10 is cooled.
`After the hose assembly 10 is extended through the pipe
`40, a second manifold 170 is removably secured to the
`second end 14. In one version, once the hose assembly 10 is
`extended through the pipe 40, the air or gas being introduced
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`US 6,942,426 B1
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`3
`into the hose assembly 10 is stopped and the gas or air in the
`hose assembly 10 is released and a second manifold 170 is
`attached to the second end 14. The second manifold 170 is
`removably secured to the second end 14 in substantially the
`same manner as the lower portion 74 is removably attached
`to the first end 12 by inserting the tapered barrel 210 into the
`second end 14 and securing the hose assembly 10 thereto.
`When the first and second manifolds 70, 170 are respectively
`attached to the first and second ends 12, 14,
`the hose
`assembly 10 becomes substantially an air-tight pressure
`vessel capable of selectively receiving, containing and
`releasing the heated pressurized medium, gas or air.
`Apressurized medium is then injected or introduced into
`the hose assembly 10 to expand the hose assembly 10
`against the inner surface of the pipe 42. In one version
`comprising the flexible liner 20, the hose assembly 10 is
`expanded by increasing the volume of the pressurized
`medium within the flexible liner 20 until the exterior surface
`22 of the flexible liner 20 comes into contact with the
`
`interior surface 42 of the pipe 40. In one version using a
`calibration hose 30, the calibration hose 30 is expanded as
`the volume of the pressure medium or gas increases within
`the calibration hose 30. As the calibration hose 30 expands
`it presses the exterior surface 22 of the flexible liner 20
`against the inner surface 42 of the pipe 40.
`In one version,
`the pressurized medium comprises a
`liquid. In another version, the pressurized medium is a gas.
`In one version the pressurized medium is heated. In another
`version, the pressurized medium is steam. In yet another
`version, the pressurized medium is air. In one version, two
`sources of pressurized medium are used. In one version
`steam and air are used and can be mixed in selected
`
`percentages before being introduced into the hose assembly
`10.
`
`In one version, a collection tube 230 is inserted into the
`hose assembly 10 so that the collection tube 230 extends
`from a selected point where liquid may accumulate within
`the hose assembly 10 to the second manifold 170. The
`collection-tube 230 comprises any commercially available
`tubing material suitable for carrying a liquid that will
`withstand the temperature and pressure ranges described
`herein. In one version, the collection tube 230 is a perforated
`tube. In another version, the collection tube 230 comprises
`a plastic material, such as for example, polypropylene,
`urethane, or polyvinyl. In another version,
`the collection
`tube 230 comprises a natural or synthetic rubber tube. In
`another version, the collection tube 230 comprises a metal
`tube. In yet another version, the collection tube 230 com-
`prises a fabric or cloth hose.
`A plurality of thermocouples 290 capable of measuring
`and transmitting temperature readings are removably aflixed
`to selected locations on the inner surface 42 of the segment
`of pipe 40. In one version, the thermocouples are attached to
`the exterior surface 22 of the flexible liner 20. The thermo-
`
`couples may be aflixed to the inner surface 42 or the exterior
`surface 22 using an adhesive or other suitable fastening
`means. In one version, four thermocouples are removably
`secured in the pipe 40 in proximity to the first and second
`access points 50, 60 two at each end. The thermocouples 290
`are operatively connected to a device to display the tem-
`perature at the selected locations on the inner surface 42 of
`the segment of pipe 40. The thermocouples 290 allow for
`monitoring the temperature at the interface of the exterior
`surface 22 of the flexible liner 20 and the inner surface 42
`
`of the pipe 40. In one version, the first and second control
`stations 130, 160 may comprise means for displaying the
`temperature readings from the thermocouples 290. In one
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`version, monitoring the temperature allows for the heated
`pressurized medium to be maintained within the hose assem-
`bly 10 for the shortest time necessary first to initiate the
`cross-linking reaction of the resin, and second to cure the
`resin.
`
`The temperature within the hose assembly 10 is elevated
`to a first temperature range to initiate cross-linking of the
`resin. In one version,
`the heated pressurized medium is
`introduced from the first source 110, through the first mani-
`fold 70, into the hose assembly 10. In another version, the
`air or gas may be evacuated through a second control station
`160 while the heated pressurized medium is being intro-
`duced into the hose assembly 10 from the first control station
`130. The first temperature range must be sufliciently high to
`initiate the resin cross-linking reaction. In one version, the
`first temperature range is at least about 110 degrees Fahr-
`enheit but not more than about 200 degrees Fahrenheit. The
`temperature at which the cross-linking occurs depends on
`the type of resin being used, specifically the kind and
`concentration of isocyonate in the resin.
`By selectively controlling the volume or flow rate of
`heated pressurized medium being introduced into the hose
`assembly 10, the maximum amount of pressure, as recom-
`mended by the manufacturer, exerted radially on the flexible
`liner 20 can be achieved. The pressure limitations vary
`depending on the length and diameter of the pipe 40 being
`rehabilitated and the thickness or composition of the flexible
`liner 20. The various manufacturers of flexible liners 20
`
`provide instructions or guidelines relating to the amount of
`pressure or temperature that may be executed on the flexible
`liner 20 before the resin cures. If too much pressure is
`applied, the flexible liner 20 will stretch to the extent that its
`structural integrity may be adversely affected.
`Generally, the thickness of the hose assembly 10 increases
`as the diameter of the pipe 40 increases. As the thickness of
`the hose assembly 10 increases, it becomes more important
`to monitor the first temperature range; in particular, it is
`important not to overheat the hose assembly 10. Applica-
`tions involving larger diameter pipes 40 and,
`therefore,
`relatively thicker hose assemblies 10, will have relatively
`lower or cooler first temperature range than applications
`involving smaller diameter pipes 40 and correspondingly
`less thick hose assemblies 10.
`
`The term cross-linking means the chemical reaction of
`basic molecules into a network of connected molecules. The
`
`final properties of the resin depend on the degree of cross-
`linking. A cured resin having a large number linking points
`will be much harder than a cured resin having a small
`number of linking points. The cross-linking occurs by add-
`ing a small monomer molecule such as styrene. The mono-
`mer provides the link between the polymer chains.
`The first temperature range is maintained until the exo-
`thermic cross-linking reaction is observed. The volume of
`gas within the hose assembly 10 is selectively adjusted to
`ensure that the temperature within the hose assembly 10
`does not substantially or materially exceed the first tempera-
`ture range. The exact time to maintain the hose assembly 10
`within the first temperature range depends on several factors,
`including without limitation, the type of resin, the diameter
`of the pipeline, the length of the pipeline being repaired or
`rehabilitated, the thickness of the flexible liner 20, and the
`ambient temperature and pressure at or within the pipe 40.
`The thermocouples 290 are monitored to determine when
`the cross-linking has initiated. Because the cross-linking
`process is exotherinic, the thermocouples 290 will register a
`measurable temperature increase when the cross-linking
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`US 6,942,426 B1
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`5
`reaction occurs, which in one version, will be observed at the
`first or second control stations 130, 160.
`If the resin gets too hot before cross-linking occurs, one
`or more components of the resin will start to boil thereby
`deteriorating the resin, weakening the resulting hardened
`hose assembly 10, or causing the resin to cure improperly. If
`the flexible liner 20 is over heated it may blister or also
`bubble thereby decreasing its strength and reducing the
`effectiveness of the relining process.
`the temperature
`After the cross-linking is completed,
`within the hose assembly 10 is increased to a second
`temperature range to facilitate or expedite the resin curing
`process. Although some overlap may exist between the first
`and second temperature ranges, the upper end of second
`temperature range is generally higher than the upper end of
`the first temperature range because the cross-linking reaction
`removes the risk of damaging the resin of the flexible liner
`20 of the hose assembly 10. In one version,
`the heated
`pressure medium is introduced into the hose assembly 10 to
`elevate the temperature to a second temperature range. The
`increased volume of the heated pressure medium also
`increases the pressure within the hose assembly 10 up to a
`maximum of about 15 pounds per square inch.
`In one
`version, the temperature within the hose assembly 10 is
`elevated to the second temperature range by decreasing or
`stopping the volume of the air or gas leaving the hose
`assembly at
`the second control station 160.
`In another
`version, the temperature is elevated to the second tempera-
`ture range by increasing the volume of heated pressurized
`medium being introduced through the first manifold 70,
`allowing the air or gas to exit the hose assembly 10 from the
`second manifold 170 until the heated pressure medium starts
`to exit the hose assembly 10 from the second manifold 170,
`and then closing the second control station 160.
`In one version,
`the introduction of the pressurized
`medium is continued throughout the two heating stages to
`promote or facilitate the movement of the medium from the
`first end 12 to the second end 14 of the hose assembly 10,
`to prevent boiling of components in the resin, to prevent
`blistering of the flexible liner 20, and to equalize or nor-
`malize the heat gradient throughout the hose assembly 10.
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`The lowest temperature of the second temperature range
`must be sufficient to quicken the resin curing. The highest
`temperature of the second temperature range is not more
`than about 300 degrees Fahrenheit.
`In one version,
`the
`lowest temperature of the second temperature range is at
`least 150 degrees Fahrenheit. In another version, the lowest
`temperature of the second temperature range is at least 200
`degrees Fahrenheit, and the highest
`temperature of the
`second temperature ranges is not more than about 260
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`
`The temperature within the hose assembly 10 is moni-
`tored using the thermocouples 290. In one version,
`the
`thermocouple displaying the lowest temperature reading is
`used to determine the time necessary to maintain the hose
`assembly 10 within the second temperature range. Referring
`to Chart 1, Curve 1 represents the minimum time for which
`the second temperature range must be maintained.
`In
`general, the lower the measured temperature at the thermo-
`couple 290 recording the coolest temperature, the longer the
`temperature must be maintained at that lowest measured
`temperature. Curve 2 represents relationships of temperature
`and time analogous to those of Curve 1, but the times to be
`maintained for a given measured temperature are twice the
`times shown in Curve 1. In one version, the hose assembly
`10 is maintained within the second temperature range until
`the thermocouple showing the lowest temperature is main-
`tained for the corresponding time as shown in Curve 1 of
`Chart 1. In yet another version, the hose assembly 10 is
`maintained at the second temperature range until the ther-
`mocouple showing the lowest temperature is maintained for
`the corresponding time as shown in Curve 2 of Chart 1.
`
`The curing times disclosed in Chart 1 are representative of
`times that will ensure that the resin has cured. The curing
`time depends on the temperature and pressure achieved at
`the interface of the hose assembly 10 and the pipe 40. Higher
`temperatures, and thus quicker curing times, may be
`achieved under different conditions without departing from
`the scope of the disclosed invention.
`
`CHART_1
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`CURING TIME
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`80
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`60
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`40
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`20
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`00
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`TEMPERATURE,°F.
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`40
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`60
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`80
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`100
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`120
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`140
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`TIME (Minutes)
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`10
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`10
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`10
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`US 6,942,426 B1
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`7
`The disclosed invention will work with various types of
`resins, including without limitation, polyester, vinyl ester
`and epoxy. In one version, isophthalic polyester resin is
`used. In another version, vinyl ester resin are used. In yet
`another variation, epoxy resins may be used. The resin may
`be styrenated or non-styrenated. Examples of resins used
`include without limitation Reichhold Polylite® 33420, (a
`thixotropic isophthalic polyester resin), Interplastic Corpo-
`ration’s COR 72-AA-455 (an unsaturated polyester resin)
`and Ashland Chemicals’ Aropol MR 12018 (unsaturated
`polyester orthophthalic resin).
`Once the resin has cured, the hose assembly is cooled. In
`one version, the hose assembly 10 is air cooled. In another
`version,
`the heated pressurized medium is exhausted
`through the second manifold 170. In yet another version, the
`air or gas is introduced into the hose assembly 10. In yet
`another version, the air or gas is chilled or cooled before
`being introduced to cool
`the hose assembly 10. In one
`version, the hose assembly 10 is cooled until the temperature
`reading at all the thermocouples 290 is less than about 100
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`The foregoing described process may be practiced using
`the following described apparatus.
`A first control station 130 is provided. The first control
`station 130 comprises a first source 110 of heated pressur-
`ized medium, a second source 120 of gas, a first control
`value 112, and a chiller 140. The first control station 130 is
`operatively connected to the first manifold 70 by way of the
`first or second hoses or lines 102, 104, or any combination
`thereof.
`
`The first source 110 provides the heated pressurized
`medium of varying temperature. In one version, the first
`source 110 comprises a steam generator. In another version,
`the first source 110 comprises a hot water boiler. In one
`version, a first hose or line 102 operatively connects the first
`source 110 to the first manifold.
`
`The second source 120 provides the air or gas into the first
`manifold 70. In one version, the second source 120 is an air
`compressor. In another version, the second source 120 is a
`reservoir suitable for containing and selectively releasing a
`gas. In another version, the second source 120 is provided
`with a chiller 140 located operatively on the discharge end
`of the second source 120 to provide cooled gas or air into the
`hose assembly 10. A second hose or line 104 operatively
`connects the second source 120 and the first manifold 70.
`
`In one version, the first source 110 and the second source
`120 are located on a truck or a trailer. In another version, the
`first and second source 110, 120 are operatively connected
`to the first manifold 70 with separate hoses or lines 102, 104.
`In yet another version, the same line or hose 102 may be
`used to transfer the heated pressurized medium and the air
`or gas from the first and second sources 110, 120 to the first
`manifold 70. A first control valve 112 regulates the volume
`of heated pressurized medium and gas or air to adjust the
`temperature as needed. The control valve 112 may be
`operatively positioned at the first control station 130, along
`the hoses 102, 104 orat the first manifold 70.
`the first
`Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, 3A and 3B,
`manifold 70 comprises an upper portion 72 and a lower
`portion 74. The upper portion 72 comprises one or more
`ports 100. The ports 100 will be suitable for removably
`affixing one or more hoses or lines 102, 104 extending from
`the first source 110. The upper portion 72 and the lower
`portion 74 each comprise a connector portion 82 and arc
`releasably attached to each other. The connector portions
`comprise screw-type threads, screws, bolts, hooks, fasteners,
`
`8
`the
`clasps, or any combination thereof In one version,
`connector portion 82 comprises a male half of a male-female
`connector that is inserted into the upper portion 72, wherein,
`the upper portion 72 and the lower portion 74 comprise
`gaskets to provide an air-tight seal and are connected to each
`other using a quick-connect clamp system. In one version,
`various lengths of extension tubes 260, 270 (FIGS. 7 and 8)
`may be removably and selectively positioned between the
`upper portion 72 and the lower portion 74 depending on
`depth of the pipe 40.
`A second control station 160 is provided in proximity to
`the second access point 60. In one version,
`the second
`control station 160 is operatively connected to the second
`manifold 170. The second control station 160 has a second
`
`control valve 162. The second control valve 162 may be
`operatively positioned on the second manifold 170,
`the
`evacuating conduit 190, or anywhere on the second control
`station 160 to release selectively the heated pressure
`medium, gas or air from the hose assembly 10. In one
`version, the second control valve 162 is positioned at the
`second control station 160 opposite to the end having the
`third port 250.
`Referring to FIGS. 2B, 3B, 5A, 5B and 5C, the diameter
`of the first tapered barrel 90 and the second tapered barrel
`210 changes, at least, one inch (1“) in diameter for every
`twelve inches (12“) in length. In another version, the diam-
`eter of the first and second tapered barrels 90, 210 changes
`at least one inch (1“) in diameter for every six inches (6“) in
`length. The diameter of the openings 80, 215 is selected
`depending on the diameter of the flexible liner 20 being
`used, which in turn depends on the diameter of the pipeline
`40. In one version, the openings 80, 215 have a diameter of
`at least four inches. The diameter of the openings 80, 215
`may be modified without departing from the scope of the
`specification or the accompanying claims.
`FIG. 4 shows a fragmentary view of the second manifold
`170 in the pipe 40. The hose assembly 10 is securely bound
`around the second tapered barrel 210 of the second manifold
`170 using a clamp 212. In one version, the collection tube
`230 is placed within the hose assembly 10 and is attached to
`the drain 180 to allow fluid collected in the collection tube
`
`230 to flow through the drain 180. In another embodiment,
`a drain hose 200 is attached on the downstream opening of
`the drain 180. The evacuating conduit 190 is removably
`secured to the second port 220 and extends to the second
`control station 160 where it is removably secured to the third
`port 250.
`Referring to FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C, the second manifold
`170 has a second tapered barrel 210, a second clamp 212, a
`second opening 215, at least one second port 220, and a
`drain 180. The second manifold 170 is removably secured to
`the second end 14 in a manner substantially the same as the
`first manifold 70 is secured to the first end 12. The drain 180
`
`may be selectively opened and closed to void the collection
`tube 230.
`
`Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the extension tubes 260, 270
`comprise a rigid material. In one embodiment the extension
`tubes 260, 270 comprise aluminum. In another version, the
`extension tubes 260, 270 comprise Rainway Model HPRL
`1200. In another version, the extension tubes 260, 270 are of
`3711/15 inches in circumference and twelve inches (12“) in
`diameter, by desired length, by one-eighth inch (%“) alumi-
`num rolled to fit ends and welded. The length of the several
`sections of the extension tubes 260, 270 may vary. Several
`sections of extension tubes 260, 270 are capable of being
`releasably secured to one another in the same manner as the
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`US 6,942,426 B1
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`9
`upper and lower portions 72 and 74 are secured to each other
`to form an extension tube of any desired length while
`allowing for disassembly. In another version, the extension
`tubes 260, 270 have an access relief 280.
`While specific embodiments of the disclosed invention
`have been shown and described for
`the purpose of
`illustration, the protection offered by any patent which may
`issue upon this application is not limited to the disclosed
`embodiments. Rather,
`the protection extends to all
`structures, arrangements and processes falling fairly within
`the scope of the claims appended hereto.
`What is claimed is:
`
`1. A process of lining a pipe, the process comprising the
`steps of:
`a. isolating a segment of pipe requiring relining;
`b. preparing a hose assembly, the hose assembly com-
`prising a flexible liner impregnated within a resin;
`c. introducing the hose assembly into the segment of pipe
`requiring relining;
`d. expanding the hose assembly so that the hose assembly
`contacts an inner surface of the pipe by injecting a
`heated pressurized medium into the hose assembly;
`e. elevating the temperature of the hose assembly to a first
`temperature range to allow for cross-linking the resin;
`f. elevating the temperature of the hose assembly to a
`second temperature range;
`g. maintaining the temperature of the hose assembly
`within the second temperature range for a sclcctcd time
`to allow curing of the resin; and
`h. cooling the hose assembly.
`2. The process of claim 1, wherein the hose assembly
`further comprises a calibration hose, the calibration hose
`being placed within the flexible liner in a generally parallel
`position.
`3. The process of claim 1, before inserting the heated
`pressure medium, further comprising the step of removably
`attaching a plurality of thermocouples to selected locations
`on the inner surface of the segment of pipe.
`4. The process of claim 1, wherein the medium comprises
`a liquid.
`5. The process of claim 1, wherein the medium comprises
`a gas.
`6. The process of claim 1, wherein the medium comprises
`steam.
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`7. The process of claim 1, wherein the medium comprises
`air.
`
`8. The process of claim 1, wherein the volume of the
`medium is increased in the hose assembly to elevate the
`temperature to the first temperature range.
`9. The process of claim 1, wherein the volume of gas
`within the hose assembly is increased to elevate the tem-
`perature to the first temperature range.
`10. She process of claim 1, wherein the resin is selected
`from the group consisting of a polyester, a vinyl ester or an
`epoxy resin, and any combination thereof.
`11. The process of claim 1, whereas the resin is styrenated
`or non-styrenated.
`12. The process of claim 1, wherein the volume of the
`heated pressure medium is increased to elevate the tempera-
`ture of the hose assembly to the second temperature range.
`13. The process of claim 1, wherein the first temperature
`range is from about 110 degrees Fahrenheit to about 200
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`14. The process of claim 1, wherein the selected pressure
`range is about 15 pounds per square inch.
`15. The process of claim 1, wherein the highest tempera-
`ture of the second temperature range is no greater than about
`300 degrees Fahrenheit.
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`16. The process of claim 1, wherein the lowest tempera-
`ture of the second temperature range is at least about 150
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`17. The process of claim 1, wherein the lowest tempera-
`ture of the second temperature range is at least about 170
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`18. The process of claim 1, wherein the lowest tempera-
`ture of the second temperature range is at least about 190
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`19. The process of claim 1, wherein the lowest tempera-
`ture of the second temperature range is at least about 210
`degrees Fahrenheit.
`20. The process of claim 1, wherein the hose assembly is
`maintained at the second temperature range for a selected
`time.
`21. The process of claim 20, wherein the selected time is
`dependent 11pon a
`lowest
`temperature monitored at
`the
`plurality of thermocouples.
`22. The process of claim 20, wherein the selected time is
`greater than about five minutes.
`23. The process of claim 20, wherein the selected time is
`greater than about ten minutes.
`24. The process of claim 20, wherein the selected time is
`less than about one hundred and forty minutes.
`25. The process of claim 20, wherein the selected time is
`less than about seventy minutes.
`26. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of
`monitoring the thermocouples while evacuating the heated
`pressure medium until all measure temperatures of less than
`about 100 degree Fahrenheit.
`27. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of
`continuously introducing the heated pressure medium into
`the hose assembly while maintaining the hose assembly
`within the first and second temperature ranges.
`28. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of
`inserting a collection tube into the flexible liner before the
`step of introducing the heated pressure medium to allow
`moisture to be collected and drained from the hose assembly.
`29. Aprocess of lining a pipe, the process comprising the
`steps of:
`a. isolating a segment