`
`
`
`
`
`Miemsoft
`
`Cpmputer
`chtlonvk ry
`
`Fifth Ed itiofi"
`
`
`
`
`- Futty updated with the teteet
`teehnetegtee, terms, and eerenjt'ttijet
`
`I Eeey te reed, expertty tttuetreted’
`
`I Defietttve eat-rerege et hardware,
`eeftwere, the tnternet, end mere!
`
`
`
`HTC Exhibit 1006
`
`HTC Exhibit 1006
`
`
`
`

`

`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495-4
`1. Computers--Dictionaries. 2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267
`004'.03--dc21
`
`2002
`
`200219714
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QWT
`
`7 6 5 4 3 2
`
`Distributed in Canada by H.B. Fenn and Company Ltd.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
`
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
`tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at www.microsoft.com/mspress.
`Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com.
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, DirectInput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. X08-41929
`
`HTC Exhibit 1006
`
`

`

`Contributors
`
`Peter Aiken
`
`Bart Arenson
`
`Janice Borzendowski
`
`Jerome Colburn
`
`Duane Hanson
`
`Andrew Himes
`
`Robert Howecton
`
`Annette B. Jackson
`
`Larry S. Jackson
`
`Thomas A. Jackson
`
`Chris Kinata
`
`Ilana Kingsley
`
`Robin Lombard
`
`Thomas A. Long
`
`William G. Madison
`
`Illustrators
`
`Travis Beaven
`
`David Holter
`
`Alton Lawson
`
`Thomas P. Magliery
`
`David Mason
`
`Terrence M. McLaren
`
`Wallace Parker
`
`Charles Petzold
`
`Phil Rose
`
`John Ross
`
`David Rygmyr
`
`Aimée Truchard
`
`Michael Vose
`
`Bruce Webster
`
`Judson D. Weeks
`
`Tom Winn
`
`JoAnne Woodcock
`
`Rob Nance
`
`Joel Panchot
`
`HTC Exhibit 1006
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
`Changes in the Fifth Edition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
`Order of Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
`Entries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
`Future Printings and Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
`
`Dictionary of Computer Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
`
`Appendix A:
`Common Character Sets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587
`ANSI Character Set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .587
`Apple Macintosh Extended Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593
`IBM Extended Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .597
`EBCDIC Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .599
`Appendix B:
`Common File Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605
`
`Appendix C:
`Instant Messaging Emoticons and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613
`
`Appendix D:
`Internet Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623
`
`Appendix E:
`Numeric Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631
`
`v
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`HTC Exhibit 1006
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`

`

`network news
`
`news
`
`network news n. The newsgroups on the Internet, espe-
`cially those in the Usenet hierarchy.
`Network News Transfer Protocol n. See NNTP.
`network operating system n. An operating system spe-
`cifically designed to support networking. A server-based
`network operating system provides networking support for
`multiple simultaneous users as well as administrative,
`security, and management functions. On the desktop, a
`network-aware operating system provides users with the
`ability to access network resources. Unlike a single-user
`operating system, a network operating system must
`acknowledge and respond to requests from many worksta-
`tions, managing such details as network access and com-
`munications, resource allocation and sharing, data
`protection, and error control. Acronym: NOS. Also
`called: network OS.
`network operation center n. The office in an enterprise
`that is responsible for maintaining network integrity and
`improving network efficiency while reducing system
`downtime. Acronym: NOC.
`network OS n. See network operating system.
`network protocol n. A set of rules and parameters that
`defines and enables communication through a network.
`Network Query Language n. A scripting language for
`controlling intelligent agents for Web applications. Acro-
`nym: NQL.
`network server n. See server.
`network services n. 1. In a corporate environment, the
`division that maintains the network and the computers.
`2. In a Windows environment, extensions to the operating
`system that allow it to perform network functions such as
`network printing and file sharing.
`network software n. Software including a component
`that facilitates connection to or participation in a network.
`Network Solutions, Inc. n. See NSI.
`network structure n. The record organization used in a
`particular network model.
`Network Terminator 1 n. An ISDN device that acts as
`an interface between an ISDN telephone line and one or
`more terminal adapters or terminal devices, such as an
`ISDN telephone. Acronym: NT-1. See also ISDN, ISDN
`terminal adapter.
`
`Network Time Protocol n. An Internet protocol used to
`synchronize the clocks in computers connected to the Inter-
`net. Acronym: NTP. See also communications protocol.
`network topology n. See topology.
`network weaving n. See leapfrog attack.
`NetWorld+Interop n. International conference and exhi-
`bition for the networking and information technology
`industry. NetWorld+Interop draws attendees from a vari-
`ety of industries, including telecommunications, Internet
`services, and e-commerce. NetWorld+Interop features
`product exhibits, educational conferences, tutorials, and
`workshops.
`NeuralCast Technology n. Technology developed by
`RealNetworks to improve the transmission of digital
`media over RealNetworks servers. NeuralCast Technology
`uses a variety of protocols, introduces new techniques to
`correct errors in streaming signals, and uses telephone and
`satellite transmissions to coordinate server networks to
`optimize digital media transmission.
`neural network n. A type of artificial-intelligence system
`modeled after the neurons (nerve cells) in a biological ner-
`vous system and intended to simulate the way a brain pro-
`cesses information, learns, and remembers. A neural
`network is designed as an interconnected system of process-
`ing elements, each with a limited number of inputs and an
`output. These processing elements are able to “learn” by
`receiving weighted inputs that, with adjustment, time, and
`repetition, can be made to produce appropriate outputs.
`Neural networks are used in areas such as pattern recogni-
`tion, speech analysis, and speech synthesis. See also artifi-
`cial intelligence (definition 1), pattern recognition.
`newbie n. 1. An inexperienced user on the Internet. 2. In
`a particularly derogatory sense, an inexperienced Usenet
`user who asks for information that is readily available in
`the FAQ. See also FAQ.
`newline character n. A control character that causes the
`cursor on a display or the printing mechanism on a printer
`to move to the beginning of the next line. It is functionally
`equivalent to a combination of the carriage return (CR)
`and linefeed (LF) characters. Acronym: NL. See also car-
`riage return, linefeed.
`news n. The Internet protocol for retrieving files from an
`Internet newsgroup. You can create hyperlinks to news-
`groups using news://.
`
`N
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`

`point of sale
`
`Pong
`
`point of sale n. See POS.
`point-to-point configuration n. A communications link
`in which dedicated links exist between individual origins
`and destinations, as opposed to a point-to-multipoint config-
`uration, in which the same signal goes to many destinations
`(such as a cable TV system), or a switched configuration, in
`which the signal moves from the origin to a switch that
`routes the signal to one of several possible destinations. Also
`called: point-to-point connection.
`point-to-point connection n. See point-to-point config-
`uration.
`point-to-point message system n. In Sun Microsys-
`tems’s J2EE network platform, a messaging system that
`uses message queues to store asynchronous, formatted
`data for coordinating enterprise applications. Each mes-
`sage is addressed to a specific queue, and client applica-
`tions retrieve messages from the queues. See also
`asynchronous, J2EE.
`Point-to-Point Protocol n. See PPP.
`point-to-point tunneling n. A means of setting up secure
`communications over an open, public network such as the
`Internet. See also PPTP.
`Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol n. See PPTP.
`Poisson distribution n. A mathematical curve often used
`in statistics and simulation to represent the likelihood of
`some event occurring, such as the arrival of a customer in
`a queue, when the average likelihood is known. This dis-
`tribution, named after the French mathematician S. D.
`Poisson, is simpler to calculate than the normal and bino-
`mial distributions. See also binomial distribution, normal
`distribution.
`poke vb. To store a byte into an absolute memory loca-
`tion. PEEK (read a byte from memory) and POKE com-
`mands are often found in programming languages, such as
`Basic, that do not normally allow access to specific mem-
`ory locations.
`polar coordinates n. Coordinates of the form (r, q) used
`to locate a point in two dimensions (on a plane). The polar
`coordinate r is the length of the line that starts at the origin
`and ends at the point, and q (Greek theta) is the angle
`between that line and the positive x-axis. Compare Carte-
`sian coordinates.
`
`polarity n. The sign of the potential (voltage) difference
`between two points in a circuit. When a potential differ-
`ence exists between two points, one point has a positive
`polarity and the other a negative polarity. Electrons flow
`from negative to positive; by convention, however, current
`is considered to flow from positive to negative.
`polarized component n. A circuit component that must
`be installed with its leads in a particular orientation with
`respect to the polarity of the circuit. Diodes, rectifiers, and
`some capacitors are examples of polarized components.
`polarizing filter n. A transparent piece of glass or plastic
`that polarizes the light passing through it; that is, it allows
`only waves vibrating in a certain direction to pass through.
`Polarizing filters are often used to reduce glare on monitor
`screens. See also glare filter.
`Polish notation n. See prefix notation.
`polling n. See autopolling.
`polling cycle n. The time and sequence required for a
`program to poll each of its devices or network nodes. See
`also autopolling.
`polygon n. Any two-dimensional closed shape composed
`of three or more line segments, such as a hexagon, an octa-
`gon, or a triangle. Computer users encounter polygons in
`graphics programs.
`polyline n. An open shape consisting of multiple con-
`nected segments. Polylines are used in CAD and other
`graphics programs. See also CAD.
`polymorphism n. In an object-oriented programming lan-
`guage, the ability to redefine a routine in a derived class (a
`class that inherited its data structures and routines from
`another class). Polymorphism allows the programmer to
`define a base class that includes routines that perform
`standard operations on groups of related objects, without
`regard to the exact type of each object. The programmer
`then redefines the routines in the derived class for each
`type, taking into account the characteristics of the object.
`See also class, derived class, object (definition 2), object-
`oriented programming.
`Pong n. The first commercial video game, a table tennis
`simulation, created by Nolan Bushnell of Atari in 1972.
`
`P
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`

`real-mode mapper
`
`real-time conferencing
`
`real-mode mapper n. An enhancement for Windows 3.x
`systems that allows 32-bit file system access. The real-
`mode mapper provides a 32-bit disk access interface to the
`DOS device driver chain. Acronym: RMM.
`real number n. 1. A number that can be represented in a
`number system with a given base, such as the decimal sys-
`tem, by a finite or infinite sequence of digits and a radix
`point. For example, 1.1 is a real number, as is 0.33333....
`See also irrational number. Compare complex number,
`imaginary number. 2. A data type, in a programming lan-
`guage such as Pascal, that is used for storing, to some limit
`of precision, values that include both integer and frac-
`tional parts. See also double-precision, single-precision.
`Compare floating-point number, integer.
`RealPlayer n. An Internet media player and browser
`plug-in developed by RealNetworks, Inc., that supports
`playback of RealAudio and RealVideo, as well as certain
`other formats, after installation of appropriate plug-ins.
`The current version allows RealPlayer users to surf for
`media content directly from the player or through a Web
`browser. See also RealAudio, RealVideo.
`Real Soon Now adv. Soon, but not really expected to be
`as soon as claimed. One might say, for example, that a
`commercial program will have some desired feature Real
`Soon Now if several versions ago the vendor knew of the
`need for the feature and has done nothing. Acronym: RSN.
`real storage n. The amount of RAM memory in a
`system, as distinguished from virtual memory. Also
`called: physical memory, physical storage. See also vir-
`tual memory.
`RealSystem G2 n. An open, standards-based platform
`for delivery of streaming audio and video over the Internet
`and other TCP/IP networks developed by RealNetworks,
`Inc. RealSystem G2 was introduced by RealNetworks in
`its audio and video players, servers, and development
`tools in 1998. Among other features, RealSystem G2
`scales to different bandwidths, includes streaming that
`adjusts delivery to available bandwidth, and supports
`SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language)
`for multimedia presentations. See also RealPlayer,
`RealVideo, SMIL, streaming.
`
`RealSystem Producer n. A software application devel-
`oped by RealNetworks that converts most types of video
`and sound files into RealMedia formats for use as stream-
`ing media over the Internet or within a corporate intranet.
`RealSystem Server n. Software developed by RealNet-
`works to enable a server to broadcast streaming media.
`Several versions of RealSystem Server are available,
`designed to meet needs ranging from small intranet serv-
`ers to large proxy servers.
`real-time adj. Of, or relating to, a time frame imposed by
`external constraints. Real-time operations are those in
`which the machine’s activities match the human percep-
`tion of time or those in which computer operations pro-
`ceed at the same rate as a physical or external process.
`Real-time operations are characteristic of aircraft guid-
`ance systems, transaction-processing systems, scientific
`applications, and other areas in which a computer must
`respond to situations as they occur (for example, animat-
`ing a graphic in a flight simulator or making corrections
`based on measurements).
`real-time animation n. Computer animation in which
`images are computed and updated on the screen at the
`same rate at which the objects simulated might move in
`the real world. Real-time animation allows dynamic
`involvement by the user because the computer can accept
`and incorporate keystrokes or controller movements as it
`is drawing the next image in the animation sequence.
`Arcade-style animation (such as in a flight simulator pro-
`gram) makes use of real-time animation in translating
`game plays into on-screen actions. In contrast, in anima-
`tion done in virtual time, image frames are first calculated
`and stored and later replayed at a higher rate to achieve
`smoother movement. See also animation, bit block.
`real-time clock n. In PCs, a circuit or other hardware ele-
`ment that provides the system with real-world time. Upon
`startup of the system, the real-time clock puts the date and
`time in memory, where it can then be systematically incre-
`mented by the BIOS. A real-time clock generally has a
`battery that is separate from the rest of the system, so it’s
`not dependent upon the system’s power source. This is not
`the same thing as a system clock, which synchronizes the
`processor. Acronym: RTC. See also clock (definition 2).
`real-time conferencing n. See teleconferencing.
`
`R
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`

`serial port adapter
`
`Server Message Block
`
`serial port adapter n. An interface card or device that
`either provides a serial port or converts a serial port to
`another use. See also adapter, serial port.
`serial printer n. A printer connected to the computer via
`a serial interface (commonly RS-232-C or compatible).
`Connectors for this type of printer vary widely, which is
`one reason they are less popular than parallel printers
`among those who use IBM and IBM-compatible PCs.
`Serial printers are standard for Apple computers. See also
`DB connector, serial, serial transmission. Compare paral-
`lel printer.
`serial processing n. See sequential processing (defini-
`tion 2).
`Serial Storage Architecture n. See SSA.
`serial transmission n. The transfer of discrete signals
`one after another. In communications and data transfer,
`serial transmission involves sending information over a
`single line one bit at a time, as in modem-to-modem con-
`nections. Compare parallel transmission.
`series circuit n. A circuit in which two or more compo-
`nents are linked in series. All the current passes through
`each component in a series circuit, but the voltage is
`divided among the components. See the illustration. Com-
`pare parallel circuit.
`
`F0Sgn09.epsSeries circuit.
`
`serif1 adj. Marked by the use of serifs. For example,
`Goudy is a serif typeface, whereas Helvetica is a sans serif
`typeface. See the illustration. See also serif2. Compare
`sans serif.
`
`S
`
`Serifs
`
`F0Sgn10.epsSerif. A serif typeface (top) and a sans serif typeface (bottom).
`
`serif2 n. Any of the short lines or ornaments at the ends of
`the strokes that form a typeface character.
`
`server n. 1. On a local area network (LAN), a computer
`running administrative software that controls access to the
`network and its resources, such as printers and disk drives,
`and provides resources to computers functioning as work-
`stations on the network. 2. On the Internet or other net-
`work, a computer or program that responds to commands
`from a client. For example, a file server may contain an
`archive of data or program files; when a client submits a
`request for a file, the server transfers a copy of the file to
`the client. See also application server (definitions 1 and 2),
`client/server architecture. Compare client (definition 3).
`server appliance n. A device designed to deliver one or
`more specific network services in a single turnkey pack-
`age that includes both hardware and software. All neces-
`sary programs are preinstalled on a server appliance,
`which has minimal, simplified options and controls.
`Server appliances can be used to complement or replace
`traditional servers on a network and can provide such ser-
`vices as file and printer sharing and Internet connectivity.
`Also called: appliance. See also information appliance.
`server-based application n. A program that is shared
`over a network. The program is stored on the network
`server and can be used at more than one client machine at
`a time.
`server cluster n. A group of independent computer sys-
`tems, known as nodes, working together as a single system
`to ensure that mission-critical applications and resources
`remain available to clients. A server cluster is the type of
`cluster that Cluster service implements. See also cluster.
`server control n. See ASP.NET server control.
`server error n. A failure to complete a request for infor-
`mation through HTTP that results from an error at the
`server rather than an error by the client or the user. Server
`errors are indicated by HTTP status codes beginning with
`5. See also HTTP, HTTP status codes.
`server farm n. A centralized grouping of network servers
`maintained by an enterprise or, often, an Internet service
`provider (ISP). A server farm provides a network with
`load balancing, scalability, and fault tolerance. Individual
`servers may be connected in such a way that they appear
`to represent a single resource.
`serverlet n. See servlet.
`Server Message Block n. See SMB.
`
`474
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`

`

`vCalendar
`
`vector display
`
`protected mode, and automatically allocates space in RAM
`rather than requiring the user to reserve space for the cache.
`See also cache, driver, protected mode, RAM, VFAT.
`vCalendar n. A specification defining the format for
`applications to exchange scheduling information. The
`vCalendar specification is based on existing industry stan-
`dards, including international standards for representing
`dates and times, and permits the exchange of schedules
`and “to-do” lists of the sort users commonly enter into
`personal calendars. Like the companion vCard specifica-
`tion for electronic business cards, it was created by the
`versit consortium founded by Apple, AT&T, IBM, and
`Siemens. Handed off to the Internet Mail Consortium
`(IMC) in 1996, vCalendar is supported by numerous hard-
`ware and software vendors. See also vCard.
`vCard n. A specification for creating an electronic busi-
`ness card (or personal-information card) and for the card
`itself. Designed to be exchanged through applications
`such as e-mail and teleconferencing, a vCard includes
`information such as name, address, telephone and fax
`number(s), and e-mail address. It can also include time-
`zone, geographic location, and multimedia data such as
`photographs, company logos, and sound clips. Based on
`the ITU’s X.500 directory services specification, vCard
`was developed by versit, a consortium whose principal
`members include Apple, AT&T, IBM, and Siemens. The
`specification is under the guidance of the Internet Mail
`consortium Version 3.0 of the vCard specification has
`been approved as a proposed standard by the IETF. A
`companion specification known as vCalendar supports
`electronic exchange of scheduling information. See also
`vCalendar, X series.
`V-chip n. Electronic chip for installation in a television,
`VCR, cable box, or stand-alone device to provide adults
`with the ability to block programming they deem inappro-
`priate. Intended to provide parents with a means of control-
`ling the programming viewed by children, the V-chip allows
`adults to screen programs based on a rating level transmit-
`ted in the portion of the TV signal known as the vertical
`blanking interval (the same portion that carries closed cap-
`tioning information). When programs exceed the chosen
`level, the V-chip signals the television, which then displays
`an “unauthorized to receive” message on a blank screen.
`VCOMM n. The communications device driver in Win-
`dows 9x that provides the interface between Windows-
`based applications and drivers on one side, and port driv-
`ers and modems on the other. See also driver.
`
`VCPI n. See Virtual Control Program Interface.
`VCR-style mechanism n. 1. A user interface for playing
`movie files that has controls similar to those on a video-
`cassette recorder (VCR). 2. A type of motorized docking
`mechanism in which a laptop or notebook computer is
`physically locked into place by the docking station. The
`advantage to a VCR-style mechanism is that it provides an
`electrically consistent, secure bus connection. See also
`docking mechanism, docking station, laptop, portable
`computer.
`VDD n. Acronym for virtual display device driver. See vir-
`tual device driver.
`VDL n. Acronym for Vienna Definition Language. A meta-
`language, containing both a syntactic and a semantic
`metalanguage, used to define other languages. See also
`metalanguage.
`VDM n. See video display metafile.
`VDSL n. Short for very-high-speed digital subscriber line.
`The high-speed version of the xDSL (digital subscriber
`line) communication technologies, all of which operate
`over existing phone lines. VDSL can deliver up to 52
`Mbps downstream, but it is effective only within about
`4500 to 5000 feet of the central exchange. The data deliv-
`ery rate is, in fact, related to the distance the signal must
`travel. To attain a rate of 52 Mbps, for example, the sub-
`scriber must be within 1000 feet of the exchange office. At
`a distance of 3000 feet, the data rate drops to about 26
`Mbps; and at 5000 feet, the data rate drops to about 13
`Mbps. See also central office, xDSL.
`VDT n. Acronym for video display terminal. A terminal
`that includes a CRT (cathode-ray tube) and keyboard. See
`also CRT.
`VDU n. Acronym for video display unit. A computer
`monitor. See also monitor.
`vector n. 1. In mathematics and physics, a variable that has
`both distance and direction. Compare scalar. 2. In computer
`graphics, a line drawn in a certain direction from a starting
`point to an endpoint, both of whose locations are identified
`by the computer using x-y-coordinates on a grid. Vectors are
`used in the output of some graphics programs instead of
`groups of dots (on paper) or pixels (on screen). See also
`vector graphics. 3. In data structures, a one-dimensional
`array—a set of items arranged in a single column or row.
`See also array, matrix.
`vector display n. A CRT (cathode-ray tube), commonly
`used in oscilloscopes and DVST (direct view storage
`
`548
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`HTC Exhibit 1006
`
`V
`
`

`

`Xerox PARC
`
`XML-RPC
`
`Xerox PARC n. Short for Xerox Palo Alto Research Cen-
`ter. Xerox’s research and development facility in Palo Alto,
`California. Xerox PARC is the birthplace of such innova-
`tions as the local area network (LAN), the laser printer, and
`the graphical user interface (GUI).
`XFCN n. Short for external function. An external code
`resource that returns a value after it has completed execut-
`ing. XFCNs are used in HyperCard, a hypermedia program
`developed for the Macintosh. See also HyperCard, XCMD.
`XFDL n. Short for Extensible Forms Description Lan-
`guage, a document description language introduced and
`submitted to the World Wide Web Committee in 1998 by
`the Canadian Internet forms company UWI.Com. XFDL
`is an XML-based language for describing complex forms,
`such as legal and government documents. It is designed to
`allow for interactivity yet remain consistent with Internet
`standards.
`XGA n. See Extended Graphics Array.
`x-height n. In typography, the height of the lowercase
`letter x in a particular font. The x-height thus represents
`the height of the body only of a lowercase letter, exclud-
`ing ascenders (such as the top of the letter b) and
`descenders (such as the tail on the letter g). See also
`ascender, descender.
`XHTML n. Short for Extensible Hypertext Markup Lan-
`guage. A markup language incorporating elements of
`HTML and XML. Web sites designed using XHTML can
`be more readily displayed on handheld computers and
`digital phones equipped with microbrowsers. XHTML
`was released for comments by the World Wide Web Con-
`sortium (W3C) in September 1999. See also HTML,
`microbrowser, XML.
`XIP n. See execute in place.
`XLANG n. A derivative XML language that describes the
`logical sequencing of business processes, as well as the
`implementation of the business process by using various
`application services.
`XLink n. An XML language that provides a set of
`attributes that are used to create links between resources.
`XLink provides complex extended linking, link behavior,
`and management capabilities. XLink is able to describe
`links that connect sets of resources, point to multiple tar-
`gets, or serve multiple roles within an XML document.
`
`XLL n. Acronym for eXtensible Linking Language. Broad
`term intended to denote the family of XML linking/pointing/
`addressing languages, which include XLink, XPointer, and
`XPath.
`XMI n. 1. Acronym for XML Metadata Interchange For-
`mat. An object-based model for exchanging program data
`across the Internet. XMI is sponsored by IBM, Unisys, and
`others and was submitted as a proposed standard to the
`Object Management Group (OMG); it is now one of
`OMG’s recommended technologies. XMI is designed to
`allow for storing and sharing programming information
`and exchanging data among tools, applications, and storage
`locations through a network or the Internet so that software
`developers can collaborate on applications, even if they are
`not all using the same development tools. 2. As XMI bus,
`a 64-bit parallel bus supported on certain DEC and Alpha-
`Server processors. An XMI bus is capable of transferring
`data, exclusive of addressing overhead, at 100 Mbps.
`XML n. Acronym for eXtensible Markup Language, a
`condensed form of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup
`Language). XML lets Web developers and designers cre-
`ate customized tags that offer greater flexibility in orga-
`nizing and presenting information than is possible with the
`older HTML document coding system. XML is defined as
`a language standard published by the W3C and supported
`by the industry. See also SGML.
`XML attribute n. Information added to a tag to provide
`more information about the tag, such as <ingredient
`quantity=“2”units=“cups”>flour</ingredient>.
`XML element n. Information delimited by a start tag
`and an end tag in an eXtensible Markup Language
`(XML) document. An example would be <Last-
`name> Davalio</LastName>.
`XML entities n. Combinations of characters and symbols
`that replace other characters when an XML document is
`parsed, usually those that have other meanings in XML.
`For example, < represents the < symbol, which
`is also the opening bracket for a tag.
`XML Metadata Interchange Format n. See XMI (defi-
`nition 1).
`XML-RPC n. Acronym for eXtensible Markup Language-
`Remote Procedure Call. A set of XML-based implemen-
`tations that allows cross-platform and cross-programming
`language procedure calls over the Internet. XML-RPC
`
`X
`
`578
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`HTC Exhibit 1006
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`