United States Patent
`
`[191
`
`Oberstar et al.
`
`[541
`
`[751
`
`[73]
`
`[21]
`
`[22]
`
`[511
`
`[52]
`
`[58]
`
`CONDITIONING SHAMPOO
`COMPOSITION CONTAINING A _CATIONIC
`DERIVATIVE OF A NATURAL GUM (SUCH
`AS GUAR) AS THE ACTIVE CONDITIONING
`INGREDIENT
`
`Inventors: Helen Elizabeth Oberstar, Montville;
`Morton Alan Westman, Fort Lee,
`both of NJ.
`
`Assignee: American Cyanamid Company,
`Stamford, Conn.
`
`App]. No.: 711,331
`
`Filed:
`
`Aug. 3, 1976
`
`Int. C1,? ....................... .. A61K 7/08; CIID 1/88;
`C11D 1/94__; ;C11D 3/37
`U.S. Cl. .................................. .. 252/547; 252/142;
`252/145; 252/153; 252/154; 252/155; 252/173;
`252/542; 252/545; 252/546; 252/550;
`252/DIG. 2, 252/DIG. 5, 2'52/DIG. 13;
`424/70; 424/78
`Field of Search ............... .. 252/89, 528, 547, 153,
`252/154, 155, 173,142, 144, 145, 524,542,550,
`DIG. 2, DIG. 5, DIG. 7, D1_G. 13, 546;
`424/70, 71, "78; 536/114
`
`[11]
`
`[45]
`
`4,061,602
`
`Dec. 6, 1977
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`3,580,853
`3,589,978
`3,808,311
`3,917,817
`3,958,581
`3,980,769
`3,990,991
`3,992,336
`
`Parran ................................ .. 252/542
`5/1971
`
`Kamal
`................ .. 162/158
`6/1971
`4/1974 Olson ................................... .. 424/70
`11/1975 Vanlerberghe ...................... ,. 424/70
`5/1976 Abegg .................................. .. 424/70
`9/1976 Ohilardi
`
`1 1/1976 Gerstein ................... ..
`Faucher ............................... .. 424/70
`11/1976
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS '
`1,136,842
`12/1968 United Kingdom ....
`......... .. 536/114
`
`Primary Examiner-—-Dennis L. Albrecht
`Attorney, Agent, or’ Firm—Char1es J. Fickey
`
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A unitary shampoo-creme rinse composition for im-
`proving the combing properties and luster of hair which
`comprises a single phase aqueous detergent composition
`containing an amphoteric detergent and an anionic de-
`tergent and a cationic derivative of a naturally occur-
`ring polymer.
`
`5 Claims, No Drawings
`
`UNL 1048
`
`1
`
`

`
`I
`
`4,061,602
`
`2
`
`CONDITIONING SHAMPOO COMPOSITION
`CONTAINING A CATIONIC DERIVATIVE OF A
`NATURAL GUM (SUCH AS GUAR) AS THE
`ACTIVE CONDITIONING INGREDIENT
`
`The present invention relates to a unitary shampoo-
`creme rinse composition for improving the combing
`properties and luster of hair which comprises a single
`phase aqueous detergent composition containing an
`amphoteric detergent and an anionic detergent and a
`cationic derivative of a naturally occurring polymer.
`The possibility of combining shampoo action with
`creme rinse and conditioning action in a single composi-
`tion for use in a single treatment of hair had been inves-
`tigated heretofore. It is known that anionic detergents
`and polymers are suitable for shampooing and that cati-
`onic detergents and polymers are useful as creme rinses.
`Heretofore the combination of an anionic detergent and
`a cationic detergent was considered impossible because
`of inherent incompatibility. It has recently been discov-
`ered, however, that anionic detergents are compatible
`with certain types of cationic polymers and that effec-
`tive hair conditioning shampoo compositions can be
`obtained thereby.
`V We have now discovered that improved combing
`properties, improvedrhair conditioning and observable
`highly desirable shine or luster can be imparted to hair
`by shampoo compositions which contain proper pro-
`portions of an amphoteric and anionic surface active
`agent and a cationic derivative of a polygalactomannan
`gum.
`The cationic derivatives of polygalactomannan gums
`which are useful in combination with anionic and am-
`
`- photeric surface active agents are quaternary ammo-
`nium salts as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,978.
`Polygalactomannans contain as the basic unit two
`mannose units with a glycosidic linkage and a galactose
`unit attached to one of the hydroxyls of the mannose
`units. On average, each of the sugar units has three
`available hydroxyl sites. The hydroxyl groups of the
`polygalactomannan are reacted with certain reactive
`quaternary ammonium compounds to produce the cati-
`onic polymers of the present invention. Various poly-
`mers can be obtained thereby depending on the quater-
`nary ammonium compound used and on the degree of
`substitution (D.S.), up to a mixture of three per sugar
`unit. The polygalactomannans are available commer-
`cially as guar gum or locust bean gum.
`The quaternary ammonium compounds which are
`suitable for preparing the polymers of the invention are
`defined broadly as conforming to the structure:
`
`1'11
`R..-l'~l+--R;Z—
`R3
`
`where R“ R2, and Rgare selected from alkyl, substituted
`alkyl, aryl and substituted aryl groups, R, is selected‘
`from epoxyalkyl and halohydrin groups, and Z- is an
`anion such as Cl-, Br-, I- and H504:
`Epoxyallcyl groups are defined as:
`
`H26-/-CH--R5-
`O
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`65
`
`and halohydrin groups as
`
`x-cH,—<':H—R,—
`OH
`
`where in each instance R5 is a divalent alkylene radical
`having 1
`to 3 carbon atoms,
`such as ———CH2—,
`*‘CH2CH2—, ——CH2CI'{2CH2— and
`
`—cn,—pn-
`CH,
`
`Particularly preferred quaternary ammonium com-
`pounds are 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chlor-
`ide and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trirnethyl ammonium
`chloride. Particularly preferred cationic polymers are
`those represented by the structure:
`
`R-o—cH,—<l:H—cH,§(cH,),ci—
`OH
`
`where R represents the polymer molecule.
`The shampoo—creme rinse composition of the present
`invention contains a mixture of one of more amphoteric
`detergents and one or more anionic detergents, gener-
`ally in essentially equal amounts, although their relative
`proportions may vary widely.
`Suitable amphoteric detergents include fatty alkyl
`dicarboxylic derivatives of imidazolines, such as those
`sold as Miranols; alkyl beta-aminopropionates, such as
`Deriphats, sold by General Mills; sultaines, such as
`1-(myristyl
`dimethylammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-3-
`sulfonate, and betaines, such as 1-(myristyl dimethylam-
`monio)acetate, and the like. A preferred amphoteric
`detergent is the dicarboxylic coconut derivative sold
`under the name Miranol C2M-SF. The proportion of
`amphoteric detergent used in the shampoo composition
`should be sufficient to produce the desired effect of
`solubilizing the cationic polymer and providing a vehi-
`cle for deposition on the hair, but ordinarily will range
`between 5 and 20 percent by weight, preferably 10 to 17
`percent by weight.
`Anionic detergents are generally added to the sham-
`poo composition to provide foaming and also to solubi-
`lize the polymer. Suitable anionic detergents include
`sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium polyhydroxy monoether
`sulfate, cocoyl sarcosine, diethanol/triethanol ammo-
`nium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl ether sulfate
`and the like. A preferred anionic detergent is cocoyl
`sarcosine sold under the trade name Hamposyl C. The
`anionic detergent is used in an amount ranging from
`about 5 to 20 percent by weight, preferably 10 to 17
`percent by weight.
`Suitable nonionic detergents, which provide rinsabil-
`ity and wet and dry conditioning, including polyethy-
`lene glycol mono— and distearates, octyl and nonyl-
`phenoxy polyethoxyethanol, such as Triton X-100, fatty
`acid alkanolamides, oxyethylated polypropylene gly-
`cols, such as Pluronics (BASF Wyandotte), amine ox-
`ides, and the like. A particularly preferred nonionic is
`polyethylene glycol 6000 distearate, sold by Armak Co.
`The nonionic detergent may be used in an amount rang-
`ing from about 0.1 to 5 percent by weight, preferably
`0.1 to 1 percent by weight.
`
`2
`
`

`
`4,061,602
`
` 4
`
`-continued
`
`3
`
`The cationic polymer is used in amount sufficient to
`impart conditioning action to the hair, but ordinarily is
`used in an amount of from about 0.1 to 5 percent by
`
`weight, preferably 0.2 to 2 percent by weight.
`The pH of the composition should be as least about
`4.5, to about 8.0, and desirably from about 5.5 to 7.5.
`The pH may be adjusted to the desired level by the use
`of an acidic and/or an alkaline material, for example
`citric acid or water-soluble amines such as triethanola-
`mines. Citric acid also serves as a sequestering agent and
`a buffering agent and is frequently added for these pur-
`poses even if not needed for pH adjustment.
`Various other additives are conventionally added to
`
`shampoo compositions such as preservatives, dyes, per-
`fumes, antibacterials, and the like.
`The following specific example is illustrative of the
`invention, and will enable persons skilled in the art to
`better understand and practice the invention.
`
`EXAMPLE
`
`
`% by Weight
`
`Dicarboxylic coconut derivative of
`imadazoline, sodium salt, (Miranol C2M-SF)
`Mixed diethanol/triethanolammonium
`laurylsulfate (Standapol 7021)
`Cocoyl sai-cosine (Hamposyl C)
`Polyethylene glycol distearate, MW 66])
`Cationic polymer (1)
`
`36.00
`
`5.00
`8.00
`0.25
`0.48
`
`% by Weight
`0.35
`Preservatives
`0.30
`Perfume
`to pH
`5.80
`Citric acid
`Deionized water 100.00 q.s. to
`
`
`
`(I) 3-(trimelhylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl gun chloride salt; General Mills Chemi-
`cals. Inc.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`The above formulation was evaluated by professional
`beauty operators in a professional beauty salon using a
`test panel of 14 subjects. The operators evaluated the
`shampoo for both wet and dry hair properties. Using a
`scale of 1 to 5 (highest) the average wet evaluation was
`4.3 and the average dry evaluation was 3.4.
`We claim:
`1. A shampoo-creme rinse composition consisting
`essentially of about 5 to 20 weight percent of at least one
`amphoteric detergent,‘ about 5 to 20 weight percent of
`at least one anionic detergent and from about 0.1 to 5
`weight percent of 3-(trimethylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl
`guar chloride salt.
`2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pH is
`about 4.5 to 8.
`
`25
`
`3. The composition of claim 1 comprising in addition
`citric acid.
`
`4. The composition of claim 2 wherein an acid or base
`is added to obtain said pH.
`5. The composition of claim 1 comprising in addition
`from about 0.1 to 5 weight percent of a nonionic deter-
`gent.
`O
`O
`C
`I
`0
`
`30
`
`3