Exhibit 1012
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`

`
`
`
`Exhibit 1012-00001
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`

`
`e’iT§Z¢Ze§§i1:zi1£§’:
`
`Implementing Interoperable Networ/es
`
`Jim Geier
`
`M A C M l L L AN
`T E C H N I C AL
`P U B L I S H I NG
`0
`.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1012-00002
`
`

`
`Publisher
`
`Jim Le Willey
`
`Executive Editor
`
`Linda Ratts Engelman
`
`Managing Editor
`Caroline Roop
`
`Acquisitions Editor
`Karen Wachs
`
`Development Editor
`Thomas Cirtin
`
`Project Editor
`Laura N. I/Villiams
`
`Copy Editor
`Keith Cline
`
`Indexer
`
`Tim I/Vright
`
`Proofreader
`
`Julie Searls
`
`Acquisitions Coordinator
`Amy Lewis
`
`Manufacturing Coordinator
`Broole Farling
`
`Book Designer
`Gary Adair
`
`Cover Designer
`Sandra Schroeder
`
`Production Team Supervisor
`Tricia Flodder
`
`Production
`Eric S. Miller
`
`Wireless LANs: Implementing Interoperable Networks
`
`Copyright © 1999 by Macmillan Technical Publishing
`
`FIRST EDITION
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmit-
`ted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
`photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval sys-
`tem, without written permission from the publisher, except for the
`inclusion of brief quotations in a review.
`
`International Standard BookLNumber: 1~57870—O81—7
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-85498
`
`200100 99
`
`98
`
`4
`
`3 21
`
`Interpretation of the printing code: The rightmost double—digit number
`is the year of the book’s printing; the rightmost single—digit, the number
`of the book’s printing. For example, the printing code 98-1 shows that
`the first printing of the book occurred in l998.
`
`Composed in Bergamo and MCPdigital by Macmillan Computer Publishing
`
`Printed in the United States qfAmerica
`
`Trademark Acknowledgments
`All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or
`
`service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Macmillan Technical
`Publishing cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a
`term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any
`trademark or service mark.
`
`Warning and Disclaimer
`
`This book is designed to provide information about wireless LAN tech-
`nology. Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as
`accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.
`
`The information is provided on an as—is basis. The authors and
`Macmillan Technical Publishing shall have neither liability nor responsi-
`bility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising
`from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs
`
`or programs that may accompany it.
`
`Feedback Information
`
`At Macmillan Technical Publishing, our goal is to create in—depth techni-
`cal books of the highest quality and value. Each book is crafted with care
`and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique
`expertise of members from the professional technical community.
`
`Readers’ feedback is a natural continuation of this process. If you have
`any comments regarding how we could improve the quality of this book,
`or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us at
`networktecii@mcp.com. Please make sure to include the book title and
`
`ISBN in your message.
`
`We greatly appreciate your assistance.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00003
`
`

`
`About the Author
`
`Jiln Geier is an internationally known consultant, author, and speaker on wireless
`LAN technologies and implementation strategies. He is currently the director of
`
`Network and Software Systems at Monarch Marking Systems, an international leader
`
`in providing bar code system solutions. Jim’s department develops wireless system
`
`tools and application software for companies and organizations worldwide.
`
`Jim is the author of Wireless Networking Handbook (1996, New Riders Publishing) and
`
`Network Reengineering (1996, McGraw-Hill), as well as numerous articles in leading
`
`publications, including Network Magazine and Byte.
`
`has instructed courses inter-
`
`nationally on c0mputer—related topics, including wireless networking, software devel-
`
`opment, and project management, for George Waslungton University and
`
`Technology Training Corporation. He speaks regularly at conferences and
`tradeshows held throughout the world.
`
`Jim served as chairman of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
`
`Computer Society, Dayton Section, and chairman of the IEEE International
`Conference on Wi.reless LAN Implementation. He was an active member of the
`
`IEEE 802.11 working group, responsible for developing international standards for
`wireless LANS.
`
`Jim’s past 20 years of experience include a Variety of consulting and management
`
`positions. At Wright—Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio,Jim managed the design and
`
`operational support of numerous LANS and a wide area network that supports over
`
`10,000 users. For the base, he evaluated the effectiveness of wireless network tech-
`
`nologies for use in mobile and portable office environments. He led the development
`
`of a tool to aid engineers in the installation of wireless networks and evaluated com-
`
`mercial network technologies for use with U.S. government mobile sensor systems.
`
`He was the principal investigator for a small business innovative research grant to
`
`develop an automated software tool that assists engineers in planning, upgrading, and
`
`maintaining information systems. He managed a test team responsible for testing
`
`computer networks throughout the world. He has developed corporate information
`
`system standards for companies migrating from mainframe to client/server systems.
`
`Jim holds a B.S. degree from California State University, Sacramento, and an M.S.
`
`degree from Air Force Institute of Technology, both in electrical engineering with
`
`emphasis in computer networks. As part of his master’s thesis, he developed and
`implemented an adaptive automatic routing algorithm for a worldwide packet radio
`network.’
`
`Jim’s hobbies include sailing and amateur radio (KCSKQH). He resides with his wife
`
`and four sons in Yellow Springs, Ohio. You can reach him at jimgeie-r*@ao1 .com.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1012-00004
`
`

`
`About the Technical Reviewers
`
`These reviewers contributed their considerable practical expertise to the entire devel-
`
`opment process for Wireless LANs. As the book was being written, these folks
`
`reviewed all the material for technical content, organization, and flow. Their feed-
`
`back was critical to ensuring that Wireless LANs fits our readers’ need for the highest
`
`quality technical information.
`
`D. Ed Larnprecht is a Senior Systems Engineer at Monarch Marking Systems with
`
`15 years of programming experience in applications and operating systems. He
`
`received a bachelor’s degree in 1983 from the University of Northern Iowa and start-
`
`ed his career with NCR Corporation programming operating systems in assembly for
`retail computing systems. It was during this time that Ed also developed applications
`for other platforms, including UNIX and DOS.
`
`In 1988, Ed joined Monarch Marking Systems, a company specializing in bar code
`
`printers and labels. Here he developed bar code applications for MS-DOS and
`
`Microsoft Windows 2.0 and later, including PC drivers and TSRS and connectivity
`
`software. Since 1996, Ed has been involved in data collection systems providing wire-
`
`less network connectivity solutions of handheld printers and data collection terminals
`
`for retail, industrial, manufacturing, and health care markets.
`
`At Monarch, Ed has developed client/server applications, visited customer sites for
`
`analysis and problem solving, and provided international training on products and
`
`Wireless connectivity. Ed holds six patents in bar code software and handheld printer
`and data collectors.
`
`Ed lives with his wife, Michelle, and his son, Colin, in Dayton, Ohio. When not tin-
`
`kering with PCs and networks at home, he enjoys model railroading, railroad memo-
`
`rabilia collecting, golfing, traveling, and spending time with his son.
`
`Peter Rysavy is a consultant specializing in wireless communication and other tech-
`
`nologies related to personal and mobile communication. His firm, Rysavy Research,
`
`assists clients with market research, product and business development, and technolo-
`
`gy assessment. Peter is the chairman of the standards committee of the Portable
`
`Computing and Communications Association (PCCA), a standards group that pro-
`duces wireless-data standards.
`
`Since 1993, Peter has worked as a consultant with numerous clients on projects
`
`involving mobile and wireless communication. Clients include cellular carriers, com-
`
`munications software companies, network hardware companies, investment firms,
`
`automotive electronics companies, research organizations, and universities. He also
`teaches seminars and writes articles about wireless communication.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1012-00005
`
`

`
`Dedication
`
`I dedicate this book to my wife, Debbie, for her loving support of my writing efforts.
`
`Acknowledgments
`
`When writing this book, I was fortunate to work with an excellent team at
`
`Macmillan Technical Publishing, whose contributions vastly improved the presenta-
`
`tion of this book. In particular, Tom Cirtin, development editor, did an outstanding
`
`job guiding me through the revision of the text. Tom’s ideas and his editing
`
`enhanced this book’s readability and use as a tool for implementing wireless LANs.
`
`I’d also like to give special thanks to Ed Lamprecht for performing the technical
`
`review of the book’s manuscript. Ed’s valuable suggestions greatly refined this book.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00006
`
`

`
`Peter graduated with an MSEE from Stanford University in 1979, where he was
`
`involved in several collaborations between academia and industry. Joining Fluke
`
`Corporation in 1979, he designed communications hardware and software for data-
`
`acquisition products. From 1981 to 1983, he designed ethernet networking hardware
`
`at Time Office Computers in Australia. He rejoined Fluke, and until 1988 managed
`
`the development of a family ofcommunication—oriented touch terminals. From 1988
`
`to 1993, Peter was VP of Engineering and Technology at Traveling Software (makers
`
`of LapLink). His last major project was LapLink Wireless. He also managed the
`development of LapLink and connectivity solutions for a broad variety of mobile
`platforms.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00007
`
`

`
`Contents at a Glance
`
`Introduction.
`
`Part I: Wireless Networks——~A First Look
`
`1
`
`Introduction to Wireless Networks
`
`2 Wireless Network Configurations
`
`3 Overview of the IEEE 802.11. Standard
`
`Part II: Inside IEEE 802.11
`
`4 Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer
`
`5
`
`Physical (PHY) Layer
`
`Part III: Deploying Wireless LANs
`
`6 Wireless System Integration
`
`7
`
`8
`
`Planning a Wireless LAN
`
`Implementing a Wireless LAN
`
`Appendices
`
`A Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC)
`
`B
`
`Products, Companies, and Organizations
`
`Glossary
`
`Index
`
`1
`
`5
`
`7
`
`43
`
`89
`
`127
`
`129
`
`159
`
`191
`
`193
`
`235
`
`281
`
`323
`
`325
`
`353
`
`367
`
`391
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`
`Exhibit 1012-00008
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Introduction
`
`Part |:Wire|ess Networks—A First Look
`
`1
`
`Introduction to Wireless Networks
`
`1
`
`5
`
`7
`
`The Benefits of Wireless Networking .......................................................... ..8
`
`Mobility ............................................................................................ ..8
`
`Cost Savings ...................................................................................... ..8
`
`Wireless Network Markets and Applications ............................................... ..14
`Retail ............................................................................................... ..l4
`
`Warehouses ...................................................................................... . . 15
`
`Healthcare ........................................................................................ ..l6
`
`Real Estate ....................................................................................... ..l7
`
`Hospitality ....................................................................................... ..18
`Utilities ............................................................................................ ..l8
`
`Field Service .................................................................................... ..20
`
`Field Sales ........................................................................................ ..2O
`
`Vending ........................................................................................... ..20
`Wireless Network Concerns ...................................................................... ..2l
`
`Radio Signal Interference ................................................................. ..2l
`
`Power Management ......................................................................... ..23
`
`System Interoperability ..................................................................... ..24
`
`............ ..24
`Network Security ...............................................................
`Connection Problems ...................................................................... ..27
`
`Installation Issues .............................................................................. ..27
`
`Health Risks .............................................................................. ..28
`
`The Components of a Wireless Network ................................................... ..29
`Physical Architecture of a Wirelesflletwork ..................................... ..29
`Logical Architecture of a Wireless Network ...................................... ..37
`
`The History of Wireless Networks ............................................................. ..39
`The Future of Wireless Networks ............................................................... ..41
`
`43
`2 Wireless Network Configurations
`Wireless LANs .......................................................................................... ..43
`
`Radio—Based Wireless LANS ............................................................ ..44
`
`Infrared Light-Based Wireless LANS ................................................. ..58
`Carrier Current LANs ..................................................................... ..62
`
`Wireless Point—to—Point Networks ............................................................. ..63
`
`Wireless Point—to—Point Network Applications ................................. . .64
`Radio—Based Wireless Point—to—Point Networks ............................... ..65
`
`Laser—Basecl Wireless Point~to—Point Networks ................................. ..69
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00009
`
`

`
`WIRELESS LAN s
`
`xl
`
`Wireless WANs ......................................................................................... ..71
`
`Packet Radio WANS ........................................................................ ..72
`
`Packet Radio Architecture ................................................................ ..72
`
`Analog Cellular WANs ..................................................................... ..78
`
`Analog Cellular Technology ............................................................. ..79
`
`Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) WANs .................................... ..80
`Satellite Communications ................................................................. ..83
`
`Meteor Burst Communications ........................................................ ..84
`
`Combining Location Devices with Wireless WANs .......................... ..85
`
`GPS/Wireless Applications ............................................................... ..86
`
`3 Overview of the IEEE 802.11 Standard
`
`,
`
`89
`
`The Importance of Standards ..................................................................... ..90
`
`Types of Standards ........................................................................... ..91
`Benefits of the 802.11 Standard ....................................................... ..93
`
`IEEE 802 LAN Standards Family ............................................................... ..96
`IEEE 802.2 LLC Overview .............................................................. ..97
`
`IEEE 802.2 LLC Services ................................................................. ..98
`
`LLC/MAC Layer Service Primitives ................................................ ..104
`Introduction to the IEEE 802.11 Standard ................................................ ..105
`
`IEEE 802.11 Topology ............................................................................. ..108
`
`Independent Basic Service Set (LBSS) Networks .............................. ..108
`
`Extended Service Set (ESS) Networks ............................................. ..109
`
`IEEE 802.11 Logical Architecture ............................................................. ..111
`
`IEEE 802.11 MAC Layer ................................................................ ..111
`
`IEEE 802.11 Physical Layers ............................................................ ..111
`IEEE 80211 Services ................................................................................ ..113
`
`Station Services .............................................................................. ..113
`
`Distribution System Services ........................................................... ..115
`
`Station States and Corresponding Frame Types ............................... ..116
`
`Implications of the IEEE 802.11 Standard ................................................. ..118
`
`IEEE 802.11 Standard Compliance ........................................................... ..118
`Vendor Compliance ........................................................................ ..118
`‘JVLI Forum ................................................................................... ..120
`
`............................................................ ..120
`End—User Compliance ......
`International Electromagnetic Compliance ...................................... ..121
`
`IEEE 802.11 Working Group Operations ................................................. ..123
`Future of the IEEE 802.11 Standard ......................................................... ..123
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00010
`
`

`
`CONTENTS
`
`Part II: Inside IEEE 802.11
`
`4 Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer
`
`127
`
`129
`
`MAC Layer Operations ............................................................................ ..l29
`Accessing the Wireless Medium ...................................................... ..l30
`Joining a Network .......................................................................... ..137
`
`Providing Authentication and Privacy ............................................. ..l 38
`MAC Frame Structure ............................................................................. ..l42
`
`Overall MAC Frame Format .................................................................... ..142 A
`
`Frame Control Field ....................................................................... ..144
`
`MAC Frame Types .................................................................................. ..148
`
`Management Frames ....................................................................... ..148
`Control Frames .............................................................................. ..153
`
`Data Frames ................................................................................... ..157
`
`159
`5 Physical (PHY) Layer
`Physical Layer Architecture ...................................................................... .. 160
`Physical Layer Operations ........................................................................ .160
`Physical Layer Service Primitives ..................................................... ..161
`Carrier Sense Function ..........................
`...................................... ..162
`
`I
`
`Transmit Function ......................................................................... ..163
`
`Receive Function ........................................................................... ..163
`
`Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Physical Layer .................... ..164
`
`FHSS Physical Layer Convergence Procedure ................................. ..166
`FHSS Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) Sublayer ...................... .168
`Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Physical Layer .......................... ..l75
`
`DSSS Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Sublayer........ ..176
`
`DSSS Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) Sublayer ....................... ..l77
`
`Infrared (IR) Physical Layer ...................................................................... ..184
`IR Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Sublayer ............ ..185
`IR Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) Sublayer ........................... ..187
`
`Part III: Deploying Wireless LANs
`
`6 Wireless System Integration
`
`191
`
`193
`
`Wireless System Architecture .......................
`
`.......................................... ..194
`
`Network Distribution Systems ................................................................. ..194
`
`IEEE 802.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) ....................... ..195
`
`IEEE 802.5 Token Ring ................................................................ .202
`
`ANSI Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) ............................... ..203
`
`Wide Area Networking Concepts ................................................... ..204
`Private Versus Public WANS ........................................................... .206
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00011
`
`

`
`WIRELESS LANS
`
`XII
`
`Roaming Protocols .................................................................................. .209
`
`Proprietary Roaming Protocols ....................................................... .210
`
`Inter—Access Point Protocol (IAPP) ................................................. .213
`Communications Protocols ..................................................................... .214
`
`Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ............................................ .214
`
`Internet Protocol (IP) ............... .._ ................................. .. ................. ..216
`
`TCP/IP: Wireless LAN Issues ......................................................... ..219
`Mobile IP ...................................................................................... ..220
`
`Connectivity Software ............................................................................. ..224
`Terminal Emulation ...................................................................... .225
`
`Direct Database Connectivity ......................................................... ..228
`
`Intranet—Based Connectivity Software ............................................. .230
`Middleware ......................................... .: ......................................... .231
`
`7 Planning a Wireless LAN
`
`235
`
`Managing a Wireless LAN Implementation .............................................. .235
`
`Establishing Project Management Principles ................................... .236
`
`Planning a Project .......................................................................... .236
`
`Executing the Project ..................................................................... .250
`
`Defining the Requirements for a Wireless LAN ....................................... .254
`
`Types of Requirements .................................................................. .255
`
`Eliciting Information ...................................................................... ..259
`
`Defining Requirements .................................................................. .264
`
`Updating the Project Plan ............................................................... .270
`
`Analyzing the Feasibility of a Wireless LAN ............. ..'. ............................ ..272
`Performing a Preliminary Design .................................................... .273
`
`Developing a Business Case ............................................................ .273
`
`Making the Decision to Proceed ..................................................... ..278
`
`8
`
`Implementing a Wireless LAN
`
`281
`
`Designing a Wireless LAN ...................................................................... ..281
`
`Defining Network Elements ........................................................... .282
`
`Selecting Products .......................................................................... .287
`
`Identifying the Location of Access Points ........................................ .288
`
`Verifying the Design ....................................................................... .291
`
`Documenting the Final Design ....................................................... .295
`
`Procuring Components .................................................................. .297
`
`Preparing for Operational Support of a Wireless LAN ............................. .298
`
`Training ......................................................................................... .299
`
`System Administration ................................................................... ..299
`
`Help Desk ...................................................................................... ..299
`
`Network Monitoring ..................................................................... .299
`
`Maintenance and System Development ........................................... ..300
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00012
`
`

`
`CONTENTS
`
`Configuration Control ................................................................... ..30O
`
`Documenting Plans for Operational Support .................................. .2101
`
`Preparing for the Transfer to Operational Mode ............................. ..302
`
`Installing a Wireless LAN ........................................................................ ..303
`
`Developing an Installation Plan ....................................................... ..303
`
`Coordinating the Installation .......................................................... ..306
`
`Staging the Components ................................................................ ..306
`
`Installing the Components .............................................................. ..307
`
`Testing the Installation .................................................................... ..311
`
`Performing Testing ......................................................................... ..314
`
`Finalizing the Project ..................................................................... .320
`
`Appendices
`
`A Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC)
`
`323
`
`325
`
`The Benefits of Using Bar Codes ............................................................. ..325
`
`General Benefits of Bar Code Systems ............................................ ..326
`
`Benefits of‘Wireless Systems ........................................................... .328
`
`Bar Code Applications ............................................................................. .328
`
`Receiving....................................................................................... ..328
`
`Cross Docking ............................................................................... ..330
`
`Inventory Management .................................................................. ..33O
`
`Picking........................................................................................... ..331
`
`Shipping ........................................................................................ ..332
`
`Purchasing ..................................................................................... ..334
`
`Asset Management ......................................................................... ..335
`
`Point—of—Sale (POS) Systems .......................................................... .336
`
`Price Marking and Verification ....................................................... .336
`
`Compliance Labeling ...................................................................... ..337
`
`The Concepts of Bar Code Technology .................................................... .339
`
`One—Dimensional Symbologies ...................................................... .340
`
`TWo—Dimensional Symbologies ...................................................... ..342
`
`Bar Code Printing .......................................................................... .343
`Bar Code Readers .......................................................................... ..345
`
`Radio Frequency .[dentif1cation (RF/ID) ....... ..-. ........................................ ..347
`RF/ID Benefits .............................................
`...................... ..’. ..... .348
`RF/ID Components ....................................................................... ..349
`RF/ID Transmission Parameters ..................................................... ..349
`
`RF/ID Applications ........................................................................ ..350
`
`B Products, Companies, and Organizations
`
`353
`
`Wireless Network Product Suppliers and System Integrators ..................... ..353
`
`Organizations and Industry Groups .......................................................... ..361
`
`American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ................................ ..361
`
`Automatic Identification Manufacturers (AIM) ............................... ..361
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00013
`
`

`
`WIRELESS LANS
`
`xiv_
`
`Infrared Data Association (IrDA) .................................................... ..362
`
`Instititute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) ................. ..362
`
`International Organization for Standardization ................................ .363
`
`International Telecommunication Union (ITU) .............................. ..363
`
`Internet Engineering Task Force (LETF) .......................................... .364
`
`Mobile and Portable Radio Research Group ................................... .364
`Mobile Management Task Force (MMTF) ...................................... .364
`Boulder Creek Portable Computer
`
`and Communications Association (PCCA) ................................... ..365
`
`Wireless LAN Group .................................................................... ..365
`
`Wireless LAN Interoperability Forum (WLIF) ................................ ..366
`
`Wireless Opportunities Coalition (WOC) ....................................... ..366
`
`Wireless Research Group ............................................................... ..366
`
`Glossary
`
`Index
`
`367
`
`391
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00014
`
`

`
`Introduction
`
`Wireless LAN technology is rapidly becoming a crucial component of computer
`
`networks, and its use is growing by leaps and bounds. Thanks to the finalization of
`
`the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN standard, wireless technology has emerged from the
`
`world of proprietary implementations to become an open solution for providing
`
`mobility as well as essential network services where wireline installations proved
`
`impractical. Now companies and organizations are increasingly investing in wireless
`
`networks to take advantage of mobile, real—time access to information.
`
`Most wireless LAN suppliers now have 802.11—compl.iant products, allowing com— _
`panies to realize wireless network applications based on open systems. The move
`
`toward 802.11 standardization is lowering prices and enabling multiple-vendor
`
`wireless LANS to interoperate. This is making the implementation of wireless net-
`
`works more feasible than before, creating vast business opportunities for system
`
`implementation companies and consultants.
`
`Many end—user companies and system integrators, however, have little knowledge
`
`of, and experience in, developing and implementing wireless network systems. In
`
`many cases, there is also confusion over the capability and effectiveness of the
`802.11 standard. The implementation of wireless networks is much different from
`
`traditional wired networks. In contrast to ethernet, a wireless LAN has a large num-
`
`ber of setup parameters that affect the performance and interoperability of the net-
`
`work. An engineer designing the network and the person installing the network
`
`must understand these parameters and how they affect the network. To address
`
`wireless installation issues,’ this book is full of implementation notes, especially
`
`regarding 802.11—compliant solutions.
`
`ZTE Corporation and ZTE (USA) Inc.
`Exhibit 1012-00015
`
`

`
`WIRELESS LANS
`
`2l
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`To optimize the operation of wireless systems, you need to be familiar with software
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`options for interfacing wireless handheld appliances to application software and
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`databases located on the network. Terminal emulation, direct database connectivity,
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`a