`Oral Hearing
`May 21, 2015
`
`ZTE CORP. AND ZTE (USA) INC. and MICROSOFT CORP.,
`Petitioners
`v.
`IPR LICENSING, INC.,
`Patent Owner.
`
`IPR2014‐00525
`
`Before the Honorable SALLY C. MEDLEY,
`MIRIAM L. QUINN, and BEVERLY M. BUNTING,
`Administrative Patent Judges
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 1
`
`
`
`Instituted Ground
`
`Obviousness over the combination of:
`• “Jawanda” – U.S. Patent No. 6,243,581 (Ex. 1003)
`• GPRS (Ex. 1005)
`•
`IEEE 802.11 (Ex. 1019)
`
`Pet. at 8, 19‐28, 38‐48.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 2
`
`Inst. Decision at 22
`
`
`
`Two Principal Issues In Dispute
`
`1. Broadest reasonable interpretation of
`“assigned physical channels”
`
`2. Motivation to combine Jawanda with a “draft” of
`the GPRS Standards available at the time
`
`• Note: The parties treat claims 1 and 8 as
`representative claims.
`
`Reply at 1, 9‐10; Issue 1: Claim Construction Slides, 17‐30 . Issue 2: Motivation to Combine Slides, 41‐47.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 3
`
`
`
`Topics
`
`• The ’244 Patent
`• The Prosecution History
`• The Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art
`• Claim Construction
`• The Prior Art
`• Motivation to Combine the Art
`• Obviousness of the Independent Claims
`• Obviousness of the Dependent Claims
`• Secondary Considerations Support Obviousness
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 4
`
`
`
`The ’244 Patent
`
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 5
`
`
`
`The ’244 Patent (Ex. 1001)
`Priority Date: September 21, 1999
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent)
`
`Pet. at 6.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 6
`
`
`
`Overview of the ’244 Patent
`
`Inst. Decision at 4
`
`Inst. Decision at 4 (citing Ex. 1001 (244 Patent) at Abstract, 9:27‐37, Fig.6); Pet. at 15‐16.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 7
`
`
`
`Overview of the ’244 Patent
`Figure 6
`
`Inst. Decision at 5; Ex. 1001 (244 Patent), Fig. 6; see also Bims Decl. at ¶ 65; Reply at 6‐8.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 8
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent), Fig. 6
`
`
`
`Overview of the ’244 Patent
`Continuation of the ’970 Parent Patent
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent)
`
`Pet. at 1.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 9
`
`
`
`’970 Parent Patent Held Invalid
`Based on Dr. Stark’s Testimony
`
`Ex. 2023‐00018
`
`Ex. 2023‐00019
`
`Reply at 1, 4 (citing Federal Circuit opinion, Ex. 2023); Pet. at 1.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 10
`
`
`
`Prosecution History
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 11
`
`
`
`Prosecution History
`October 2011 rejection over Jawanda
`
`PO Resp. at 5 (citing Ex. 2001).
`
`Ex. 2001‐0008
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 12
`
`
`
`Prosecution History
`April 2012 interview addressed Jawanda
`
`Ex. 2001‐0001
`
`PO Resp. at 5 (citing Ex. 2001).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 13
`
`
`
`Prosecution History
`May 2012 Notice of Allowance is silent as to Jawanda
`
`Ex. 1018‐00006
`
`Pet. at 18; see also Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) at ¶ 85).
`
`Ex. 1018‐00007
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 14
`
`
`
`Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 15
`
`
`
`Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art
`Not addressed in Patent Owner Response
`
`Pet. at 18‐19
`
`Pet. at 18‐19.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 16
`
`
`
`Claim Construction
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 17
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent) at 11:6‐16
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent), 11:6‐16.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 18
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`ZTE’s proposed construction
`
`Pet. at 10.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 19
`
`Pet. at 10
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`ZTE’s construction is consistent with the BRI
`
`“plurality of assigned physical channels”
`
`means
`
`“plurality of physical channels available
`for the subscriber unit to select for use”
`
`Pet. at 10.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 20
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`ZTE’s construction is consistent with the BRI
`
`Pet. at 11; see also Reply at 3‐4 (replying to PO Resp. at 3, 13‐15, 26).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 21
`
`Pet. at 11
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Dr. Stark confirmed the two‐step process
`
`Ex. 2005 (Stark Decl.), ¶ 70
`
`Reply at 3‐4 (replying to PO Resp. at 25‐26); see also Stark Tr. at 31:14‐16.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 22
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`ZTE’s construction is supported by the specification
`
`Pet. at 11
`
`Pet. at 11.
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent), 10:34‐43
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 23
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Patent Owner takes “select” out of context
`
`PO Resp. at 26
`
`Reply at 4‐5 (replying to PO Resp. at 13‐15. 17‐18).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 24
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Dr. Stark equates “allocate” and “use”
`
`* * *
`
`* * *
`
`Reply at 4‐5 (replying to PO Resp .at 13‐15, 17‐18).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 25
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 38:7‐10, 17‐24, 39:1‐2.
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Dr. Stark equates “allocate” and “use”
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 39:1‐8
`
`Reply at 4‐5 (replying to PO Resp. at 13‐15, 17‐18).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 26
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`No requirement of selecting a subset
`
`Reply at 5
`
`Reply at 5; see also Reply at 3‐8 (replying to PO Resp. at 3, 14‐15, 26).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 27
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Cannot narrow claims by “same proceeding disavowal”
`
`IPR2013‐00034, Paper 42, at 11
`
`IPR2013‐00034, Paper 42, at 11
`
`Reply at 6 (citing Microstrategy, Inc. v. Zillow, Inc., IPR2013‐00034
`(PTAB Final Decision, Mar. 27, 2014 ), at 11‐15).
`
`IPR2013‐00034, Paper 42, at 12
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 28
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Specification expressly states it is not limited to embodiments
`
`Reply at 8
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent), 10:65‐11:3
`
`Reply at 8.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 29
`
`
`
`“assigned physical channels”
`Patent Owner may not cherry‐pick which features of Fig. 6 are limiting
`
`Ex. 2005 (Stark Decl. ¶ 56)
`
`Red = PO’s Cherry‐Picked Features
`
`Yellow = Other Features of Figure 6
`
`Reply at 8 (responding to PO Resp. at 3, 14‐15, 26).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 30
`
`
`
`Claim 1
`“maintain a communication session”
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent) at 11:6‐16
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent), 11:6‐16.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 31
`
`
`
`“maintain a communication session”
`ZTE proposes InterDigital’s District Court construction
`
`Ex. 1001 (244 Patent) at 11:6‐16
`
`Pet. at 14
`
`• Not disputed.
`
`Pet. at 14; Reply at 2 n.3.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 32
`
`
`
`The Prior Art
`
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 33
`
`
`
`Jawanda (Ex. 1003)
`U.S. Patent No. 6,243,581
`
`Pet. at 4, 19‐20.
`
`Ex. 1003 (Jawanda)
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 34
`
`
`
`Jawanda (Ex. 1003)
`Figure 1
`
`WWAN = Wireless Wide Area Network (cellular)
`WLAN = Wireless Local Area Network
`
`Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at Fig. 1
`
`Pet. at 26; Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at Fig. 1, 2:42‐47.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 35
`
`
`
`Jawanda (Ex. 1003)
`Figure 3
`
`CAI = Cellular Access Interface (to WWAN)
`WLAN I/F = Wireless Local Area Network
`
`Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at Fig. 3
`
`Pet. at 23; Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at Fig. 3, 2:42‐47, 4:8‐15.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 36
`
`
`
`GPRS Standards (Ex. 1005)
`Ten section from the General Packet Radio Service (“GPRS”)
`
`Pet. at 4, 6.
`
`Inst. Decision at 7
`ZTE Ex. 1026 37
`
`
`
`802.11 Standard (Ex. 1019)
`
`Ex. 1019‐00003
`
`Pet. at 6.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 38
`
`
`
`“Draft” Documents are Available
`No dispute that “draft” documents are available to interested public
`
`Pet. at 6
`
`Pet. at 6‐7 (citing Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl. at ¶¶120‐121).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 39
`
`
`
`“Draft” Documents are Available
`No dispute that “draft” documents are available to interested public
`
`Ex. 2006 (Bims Tr.) at 24:18‐22
`
`Pet. at 6‐7 (citing Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl. at ¶¶120‐121); Reply at 10‐11 (replying to PO Resp. at 43).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 40
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 41
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ GPRS
`Jawanda provides an express motivation
`
`Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at 3:6‐9
`
`Pet. at 26, 38; see also Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) at ¶¶ 181‐82.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 42
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/GPRS
`The “draft” GPRS documents are draft “wireless data protocols”
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 94:24 ‐ 95:10
`
`Reply at 10‐11 (replying to PO Resp. at 37, 43).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 43
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ GPRS
`POSITA would look to GPRS
`
`Pet. at 27; see also Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) at ¶¶ 122, 166.
`
`Pet. at 27
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 44
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ GPRS
`POSITA would look to GPRS
`
`Reply at 11 (responding to PO Resp. at 37, 43).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 45
`
`Reply at 11
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ GPRS
`POSITA would not ignore drafts of the GPRS Standards
`
`Reply at 10‐11 (replying to PO Resp. at 37, 43).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 46
`
`Ex. 2006 (Bims Tr.) at 25:19 ‐ 26:7
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ GPRS
`Dr. Stark’s “then‐existing GPRS Standards” excludes Ex. 1005.03
`
`* * *
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 72:4‐15, 73:2‐5
`
`Reply at 10 n.5 (replying to use of “then‐existing” in PO Resp. at 9‐13, 34‐37).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 47
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ IEEE 802.11
`Jawanda suggests WLAN
`
`Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at 2:62‐67
`
`Pet. at 27‐28, 39; see also Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) at ¶¶ 138‐150, 167.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 48
`
`
`
`Motivation to Combine w/ IEEE 802.11
`First internationally recognized wireless LAN standard
`
`Ex. 1012‐0020
`
`Pet. at 27; see also Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) at ¶ 142.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 49
`
`Ex. 1012
`
`
`
`Obviousness of the
`Independent Claims
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 50
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Preamble: Jawanda
`
`Pet. at 38.
`
`Pet. at 38
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 51
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Limitations (1a) and (23a): Jawanda
`
`Pet. at 38; see also Bims Decl., ¶¶ 181‐84, 232‐33; Reply at 9 (replying to PO Resp. at 18).
`
`Pet. at 38
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 52
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Limitations (1a) and (23a): GPRS
`
`Pet. at 38‐39; see also Pet. at 20‐22;
`Bims Decl., ¶¶ 181‐84, 232‐33; Reply at 9 (replying to PO Resp. at 18).
`
`Pet. at 38‐39
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 53
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Limitation (1b): Jawanda
`
`Pet. at 38‐39.
`
`Pet. at 38‐39
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 54
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Limitation (1b): Admitted Prior Art
`
`Pet. at 39‐40
`
`Pet. at 39‐40.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 55
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Limitations (1c) and (23b/c): Jawanda
`
`Pet. at 40
`
`Pet. at 40; see also Pet. at 22‐25 (citing Bims Decl., ¶¶ 134‐35, 192‐95, 200‐03);
`Reply at 12‐13 (citing Bims Decl., ¶¶ 126‐30, 156‐157, 193‐95, 200‐04).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 56
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Jawanda: “maintaining a communication session” when not in use
`
`Pet. at 24
`
`Pet. at 24 (citing Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at Fig. 4).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 57
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Patent Owner has accused PDP context of infringement
`
`Ex. 1023, at pp. 3‐4
`
`Pet. at 24 (citing Ex. 1023 (InterDigital Infringement Chart for the 244 Patent)).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 58
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`Dr. Stark: PDP context would be considered a logical connection
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 88:14‐19
`
`Reply at 12 (citing Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.), at 87:14‐88:19).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 59
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`GPRS: “maintaining a communication session” when not in use
`
`Pet. at 24‐25 (citing Ex. 1005.03 § 13.4 and Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) at ¶¶ 201‐02).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 60
`
`Ex. 1005.03, § 13.4
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claims 1 and 23
`GPRS: “maintaining a communication session” when not in use
`
`Reply at 12 (citing Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) 87:14‐88:19, and
`Ex. 1002 (Bims Decl.) ¶¶ 126‐130, 156‐157, 200‐204).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 61
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 87:14‐88:5
`
`
`
`Jawanda is Consistent with GPRS
`Jawanda teaches using the WLAN instead of the cellular connection
`
`Ex. 1003 (Jawanda) at 5:39‐42
`
`Reply at 13 (replying to PO Resp. at 30‐31).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 62
`
`
`
`Obviousness of the
`Dependent Claims
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 63
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 7, 8, 29
`
`Pet. at 45.
`
`Pet. at 45
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 64
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Claim 8
`GPRS network layer protocols are not incompatible with CDMA
`
`Reply at 13‐14 (replying to PO Resp. at 39‐40).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 65
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark Tr.) at 92:7‐20
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 2, 3, 22, 24, 25, 44
`
`Pet. at 41
`
`Pet. at 41.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 66
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 2, 3, 22, 24, 25, 44
`
`Pet. at 41
`
`Pet. at 41.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 67
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 2, 3, 22, 24, 25, 44
`
`Pet. at 41‐42
`
`Pet. at 41‐42.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 68
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 4, 6, 16, 26, 28, 38
`
`Pet. at 42.
`
`Pet. at 42
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 69
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 4, 6, 16, 26, 28, 38
`
`Pet. at 42.
`
`Pet. at 42
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 70
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 4, 6, 16, 26, 28, 38
`
`Pet. at 42‐44.
`
`Pet. at 42‐44
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 71
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`IEEE 802.11 Standard: Claims 4, 6, 16, 26, 28, 38
`
`Pet. at 42‐43.
`
`Pet. at 42‐43
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 72
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`IEEE 802.11 Standard: Claims 4, 6, 16, 26, 28, 38
`
`Pet. at 42‐43.
`
`Pet. at 42‐43
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 73
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`IEEE 802.11 Standard: Claims 4, 6, 16, 26, 28, 38
`
`Pet. at 42‐44.
`
`Pet. at 42‐44
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 74
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 5, 21, 27, 43
`
`Pet. at 44
`
`Pet. at 44.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 75
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 5, 21, 27, 43
`
`Pet. at 44‐45
`
`Pet. at 44‐45.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 76
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 14, 36
`
`Pet. at 45‐46.
`
`Pet. at 45‐46
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 77
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 15, 37
`
`Pet. at 46.
`
`Pet. at 46
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 78
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`GPRS: Claims 15, 37
`
`Pet. at 46‐47.
`
`Pet. at 46‐47
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 79
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`GPRS: Claims 15, 37
`
`Pet. at 46‐47
`
`Pet. at 46‐47.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 80
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 19, 20, 41, 42
`
`Pet. at 47‐48.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 81
`
`
`
`Obviousness of Dependent Claims
`Jawanda: Claims 19, 20, 41, 42
`
`Pet. at 47‐48.
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 82
`
`
`
`Secondary Considerations
`Simultaneous invention by others indicates obviousness
`
`Pet. at 37.
`
`Pet. at 37
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 83
`
`
`
`Secondary Considerations
`Patent Owner’s alleged secondary considerations lack nexus
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark. Tr.) at 9:2‐10
`
`Reply at 14‐15 (replying to PO Resp. at 44‐46).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 84
`
`
`
`Secondary Considerations
`Patent Owner’s alleged secondary considerations lack nexus
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark. Tr.) at 9:16 ‐ 10:3
`
`Reply at 14‐15 (replying to PO Resp. at 44‐46).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 85
`
`
`
`Secondary Considerations
`Patent Owner’s alleged secondary considerations lack nexus
`
`Reply at 14‐15 (replying to PO Resp. at 44‐46).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 86
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark. Tr.) at 10:4‐20
`
`
`
`Secondary Considerations
`Patent Owner’s alleged secondary considerations lack nexus
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark. Tr.) at 11:3‐12
`
`Reply at 14‐15 (replying to PO Resp. at 44‐46).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 87
`
`
`
`Secondary Considerations
`Patent Owner’s alleged secondary considerations lack nexus
`
`* * *
`
`Ex. 1025 (Stark. Tr.) at 11:1‐21, 12:4‐7
`
`Reply at 14‐15 (replying to PO Resp. at 44‐46).
`
`ZTE Ex. 1026 88
`
`