111111
`
`1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US008457228B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Bremer
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`*Jun. 4, 2013
`
`(54) SYSTEM AND METHOD OF
`COMMUNICATION USING AT LEAST TWO
`MODULATION METHODS
`
`375/305, 308; 455/102, 110; 332/108, 119,
`332/120, 151
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(76)
`
`Inventor: Gordon F. Bremer, Clearwater, FL (US)
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the tenn of this
`patent is extended or adjusted lmder 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis(cid:173)
`claimer.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 13/198,568
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Aug.4, 2011
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2012/0106604 A1
`
`May 3, 201 2
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63) Continuation of application No. 12/543,910, filed on
`Aug. 19, 2009, now Pat. No. 8,023,580, which is a
`continuation of application No. 11/774,803, filed on
`Jul. 9, 2007, now Pat. No. 7,675,965, which is a
`continuation of application No. 10/412,878, filed on
`Apr. 14, 2003, now Pat. No. 7,248,626, which is a
`continuation-in-part of application No. 09/205,205,
`filed on Dec. 4, 1998, now Pat. No. 6,614,838.
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/067,562, filed on Dec.
`5, 1997.
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04L5112
`(52) U.S. Ct.
`USPC ........... 375/261; 375/295; 455/102; 332/108;
`332/119; 332/151
`
`(2006.01)
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC ................. 375/261,269, 285, 222, 298,302,
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`511973 Acker et al .
`3,736,528 A
`9/1973 Bremer
`3,761,840 A
`7/1976 Rigby et al.
`3,970,926 A
`5/1978 Amster
`4,091,422 A
`6/1982 Armstrong et al.
`4,335,464 A
`4,381,546 A
`4/1983 Armstrong
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`"Conelrad Emergency Radio Notification System Born in 1951",
`www.modestoradiomuseum.org, Accessed on Dec. 5, 2010, 2 pages.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner- Dac Ha
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm- Condo Roccia LLP
`
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`A device may be capable of communicating using at least two
`type types of modulation methods. Methods and systems are
`provided for communication of data according to a commu(cid:173)
`nications method in which a master transceiver communi(cid:173)
`cates with one or more slave transceivers according to a
`master/slave relationship. A first data message may include
`first information and second information that are modulated
`according to a first modulation method. The second informa(cid:173)
`tion may include lower data rate data. A second data message
`may include third information that may be modulated accord(cid:173)
`ing to the first modulation method and that may indicate an
`impending change to a second modulation method. The sec(cid:173)
`ond modulation method may be used for transmitting fourth
`information, and the fourth information may be included in
`the second message. 'lhe fourth information may include
`higher data rate data, for example lntemet access data.
`
`52 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets
`
`, • r:
`
`! '!'),'!~-"!A ~M>cl<ul-&6.~ }
`i '1'!1<,\lll>~ S!v\«l
`I
`--------.···-·---~---·---.........l_ _______ j
`
`··ry;>«.A MI?"''M~<·~
`p,~ S•!!"o! :(> 't)'pr. A Tn\'o
`
`EXHIBIT 1223
`1/7/15 Jipgs
`
`reporter: lN\arla s~rp
`RPfl,a.R,CCJI.II, C!lll ll!J24
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 01 of 19
`
`

`

`US 8,457,228 B2
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`4,464,767 A
`8/1984 Bremer
`311985 Bremer eta!.
`4,503,545 A
`4,509,171 A
`411985 Bremeret al.
`4,516,216 A
`5/1985 Armstrong
`4,525,846 A
`611985 Bremeret al.
`4,525,847 A
`611985 Bremer
`711985 Bremeret al.
`4,532,640 A
`4,630,286 A
`12/1986 Betts
`4,645,871 A
`211987 Bremer eta!.
`311987 Bremer
`4,654,807 A
`4,663,766 A
`511987 Bremer
`611987 Betts et al.
`4,677,625 A
`4,782,498 A
`1111988 Copeland, III
`4,811,357 A
`311989 Betts et al.
`4,862,464 A
`8/1989 Betts et al.
`511990 Bremer eta!.
`4,924,516 A
`511990 Krauletal.
`4,926,448 A
`711990 Betts et al.
`4,939,748 A
`411991 Betts et al.
`5,008,903 A
`5,050,536 A
`911991 Baker
`5,070,536 A
`1211991 Mahany eta!.
`5,081,647 A
`1/ 1992 Bremer
`5,099,478 A
`3/1992 Bremer eta!.
`1211992 Laor
`5,168,535 A
`411993 Betts et al.
`5,206,854 A
`5,230,010 A
`711993 Betts et al.
`5,239,306 A
`8/1993 Siwiaketal.
`5,239,607 A
`8/1993 da Silva et al.
`10/ 1993 Brehmer et al.
`5,251,236 A
`5,251,328 A
`1011993 Shaw
`1011993 Auld, Jr. ct al.
`5,257,396 A
`5,280,503 A
`111994 Betts et al.
`51!994 Betts et al.
`5,311,557 A
`5,311,578 A
`5/1994 Bremer eta!.
`5,345,332 A
`9/1994 daSilva et al.
`5,355,362 A
`1011994 Gorshe eta!.
`12/ 1994 Rasmussen
`5,373,149 A
`5,392,154 A
`2/1995 Chang et al.
`5,412,651 A
`5/1995 Gorshe
`5/1995 Patel et al.
`5,414,540 A
`5,436,930 A
`711995 Bremer eta!.
`5,444,704 A
`8/1995 Henderson et al.
`5,448,555 A
`911995 Bremeret a!.
`5,450,456 A
`911995 Mueller
`5,473,675 A
`12/1995 Chapman el al.
`5,475,713 A
`12/1995 Bremer et al.
`5,506,866 A
`411996 Bremer et al.
`5,513,212 A
`411996 Bremer
`5,513,213 A
`411996 Patel et al.
`5,521,942 A
`5/1996 Betts et al.
`5,530,718 A
`611996 Gradder el al.
`5,537,398 A •
`7/1996 Siwiak .......................... 370/204
`5,537,411 A
`711996 Plas
`5,537,436 A
`711996 Bottoms et al.
`5,540,456 A
`711996 Meier-Burkamp et al.
`5,548,222 A
`8/1996 Jensen et al.
`5,550,881 A
`811996 Sriclhar et a!.
`911996 Bremeret al.
`5,559,791 A
`5,559,792 A
`911996 Bottoms eta!.
`5,559,810 A
`9/1996 Gilbert e1 al.
`5,563,883 A
`10/1996 Cheng
`1011996 Isenberg et al.
`5,570,295 A
`1111996 Fmuya
`5,577,087 A
`5,602,869 A
`2/1997 Scott
`5,629,992 A
`511997 Amersfoort eta!.
`5,642,379 A
`611997 Bremer
`5,651,114 A
`711997 Davidson, Jr.
`5,661,718 A
`811997 Bremer et al.
`911997 Bremer et al.
`5,671,250 A
`5,684,825 A
`1111997 Ko
`1111997 Betts et al.
`5,684,834 A
`!I 1998 Bottoms eta!.
`5,711,012 A
`5,719,922 A
`2/1998 Bremer et a!.
`5,719,923 A
`211998 Bremeret al.
`5,748,811 A
`511998 Amersfoort et a!.
`5,764,699 A
`611998 Needham et al.
`5,793,800 A
`811998 Jylha eta!.
`5,805,669 A
`911998 Bingel eta!.
`
`911998 Amersfoort et al.
`5,805,755 A
`911998 Betts et al.
`5,812,537 A
`5,825,517 A
`1011998 Antoniades et al.
`1011998 Betts et al.
`5,828,657 A
`1111998 Patel
`5,841,500 A
`12/1998 Betts <:tal.
`5,844,944 A
`1/1999 Betts e1 al.
`5,859,877 A
`311999 Bremeret al.
`5,881,047 A
`5,881,142 A
`311999 Frankel et al.
`511999 Smith et al.
`5,901,205 A
`6/1999 Bremeret al.
`5,915,003 A
`8/1999 Pasternak et al.
`5,936,949 A
`811999 Poon et al.
`5,940,438 A
`5,960,400 A
`9/1999 Bremer
`5,963,620 A
`1011999 Frankel e1 al.
`1211999 Polley eta!.
`5,999,563 A
`l/2000 Martinez et al.
`6,011,814 A
`2/2000 Schurret al.
`6,021,158 A
`2/2000 Bremer eta!.
`6,031,897 A
`6,061,392 A
`5/2000 Bremeret al.
`6,067,297 A
`5/2000 Beach
`612000 Tzannes et al.
`6,072,779 A
`6/2000 Patel et al.
`6,075,512 A
`812000 Laor
`6,097,858 A
`812000 Laor
`6,097,860 A
`8/2000 Laor
`6,101,299 A
`8/2000 Holmquist
`6,108,347 A
`6,111,936 A
`8/2000 Bremer
`9/2000 Frodigh et al.
`6,125,148 A
`1012000 Scannalis
`6,134,245 A
`6,154,524 A
`1ll2000 Bremer
`6,157,680 A
`12/2000 Betts et al.
`12/2000 Bremer
`6,160,790 A
`6,175,436 Bl
`l/200\ Jackel
`2/2001 Mathieu et al.
`6,185,083 Bl
`3/2001 Schramm eta!. ............. 370/465
`6,208,663 Bl •
`4/2001 Ko eta!.
`6,212,227 Bl
`5/2001 Laor
`6,236,481 B1
`6,236,717 Bl
`5/2001 Bremeret al.
`6/2001 Holmquist
`6,243,391 Bl
`6,252,644 B1
`6/2001 Patel
`8/2001 Chapman
`6,272,108 Bl
`6,272, L 54 Bl
`8/2001 Bala ct al.
`9/2001 BaJa ct al.
`6,292,281 Bl
`1012001 Bala et al .
`6,307,653 B1
`10/2001 Bremer et al.
`6,307,893 B1
`!012001 Bremer eta!.
`6,307,923 B L
`1112001 Bremer
`6,320,879 B1
`1112001 Laor
`6,320,993 B1
`6,330,275 Bl
`12/2001 Bremer
`6,335,992 Bl
`112002 Balaet al.
`2/2002 Vodhanel
`6,347,008 B1
`6,348,986 B1
`2/2002 Doucet et al.
`612002 Bremeretal.
`6,408,056 B1
`9/2002 Zuranski et a!.
`6,445,733 Bl
`1012002 Lin
`6,470,110 B1
`ll/2002 Peale et al.
`6.480,645 B1
`6,493,475 Bl
`12/2002 Lin
`312003 Brener
`6,529,652 B1
`3/2003 N'auman et al.
`6,535,5!l9 R I
`6,546,090 B1
`4/2003 Bremer eta!.
`6,549,692 B1
`412003 Hare] et al.
`4/2003 Mawhinney et al.
`6,556,540 Bl
`6,580,709 B1
`612003 Gorshe et al.
`612003 Bremer et al.
`6,580,785 B2
`6,591,029 B1
`712003 Lin eta!.
`712003 Brener eta!.
`6,597,827 B1
`812003 Pu
`6,603,894 B1
`6,614,838 B1 + 912003 Bremer .... ..................... 3751220
`9/2003 Bonadeo e1 a!.
`6,628,857 B1
`6,631, ll9 B1
`1012003 Mawhinney et al.
`6,633,693 B1
`1012003 Peale et al.
`6,647,058 Bl
`11/2003 Bremer eta!.
`6,658,096 B2
`1212003 Bremeret a!.
`12/2003 Poon et al.
`6,671,328 B1
`6,690,644 B1
`2/2004 Gorshe
`6,690,849 B1
`212004 Dadap, Jr. et al.
`6,715,124 B1
`3/2004 Betts
`612004 Bingel eta!.
`6,744,883 B1
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 02 of 19
`
`

`

`US 8,457,228 B2
`Page 3
`
`6,771,740 B1
`6,775,355 B1
`6,782,094 B1
`6,782,096 B1
`6,885,730 B1
`6,922,415 B1
`6,950,444 B1
`6,970,501 B1
`7,006,445 B1
`7,013,421 B2
`7,020,266 B2
`7,023,829 B1
`7,035,380 B1
`7,046,798 B2
`7,058,833 Bl
`7,065,205 B1
`7,127,048 B2
`7,130,338 B2
`7,155,016 B1
`7,170,867 B2
`7,248,626 B2
`7,272,215 B2
`7,289,604 B2
`7,289,610 B2
`7,352,803 B2
`7,471,777 B2
`7,675,965 B2
`7,707,446 B2
`7,711,109 B2
`7,747,000 B2
`8,023,580 B2 •
`2001/0022836 A1
`2002/0041662 A1
`2002/0167949 A1
`2003/0039348 A1
`2003/0210773 A1
`2003/0210779 A1
`2004/0013183 A1
`2004/0042510 A1
`2004/0052361 A1
`2004/0066929 A1
`2004/0081233 A1
`2004/0179662 A1
`2004/0213170 A1
`2004/0258236 A1
`2005/0025153 A1
`2005/0074057 A1
`2005/0147158 A1
`2005/0152404 A1
`2005/0163303 A1
`200 510180545 A1
`2006/0188088 A1
`2006/0193465 A1
`2006/0195712 A1
`2007/0047730 A1
`2007/0047733 A1
`2007/0286187 A1
`2008/0013608 A1
`2008/0019432 A1
`2009/0111422 A I
`2009/0262911 A1
`2009/0262912 A1
`2010/0183055 AI
`2010/0246598 AI
`
`8/2004 Bingel
`8/2004 Bingel et al.
`8/2004 Venz et al.
`8/2004 Bremer et at.
`4/2005 Bremer
`7/2005 Bremer et al.
`912005 Holmquist et al.
`1112005 Bremer et al.
`2/2006 Cole et al.
`3/2006 Betts
`3/2006 Bremer et al .
`412006 Holmqnist et al.
`412006 Bingel et al.
`512006 Betts et al.
`6/2006 Bremer et at.
`6/2006 Bingel et al.
`I 0/2006 Bremer et at.
`10/2006 Bremer et at.
`12/2006 Betts et al.
`1/2007 O'Toole et al.
`7/2007 Bremer
`9/2007 Bremer et al.
`10/2007 Bremer
`10/2007 Bremer et al.
`4/2008 Bremer et al.
`12/2008 Bremer et al.
`3/2010 Bremer
`4/20 10 Bremer et al.
`5120 10 Betts et al.
`612010 Bremer et at.
`9/2011 Bremer ......................... 375/261
`9/200 I Bremer et al.
`4/2002 Bremer et al.
`11/2002 Bremer et at.
`2/2003 Bremer et at.
`1112003 Bremer et al.
`1112003 Bremer et al.
`1/2004 Bremer
`3/2004 Bremer et al.
`3/2004 Betts et al.
`412004 Bremer et al.
`4/2004 Bremer et al.
`9/2004 Bremer et at.
`10/2004 Bremer
`12/2004 Bremer et al.
`2/2005 Bremer et al.
`4/200 5 Bremer et at.
`7/2005 Bremeret al.
`7/2005 Holmquist et al.
`7/2005 Bremer et al.
`8/2005 Bremer
`812006 Bingel et al.
`8/2006 Betts et al.
`812006 Bremer et al.
`3/2007 Bremer et al.
`3/2007 Bremer et al.
`12/2007 Bremer et al.
`112008 Bremer
`1/2008 Bremer et at.
`4/2009 Bremer et at.
`I 0/2009 Bremer et al.
`10/2009 Bremer et al.
`7/2010 Bremer
`9/2010 Bremer et al.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Federal Communications Commission(FCC), "Emergency Alert
`System", Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau, www.fcc.
`gov/pshs/services/eas, Accessed on Dec. 5, 2010, 2 pages.
`"Specialized Communications Techniques for the Radio Amateur",
`The American Radio Relay League, Inc., 1975, 1st Edition, Chapter
`4, 78-83.
`"Specialized Communications Techniques for the Radio Amateur",
`The American Radio Relay League, Inc., 1975, 1st Edition, Chapter
`5, 99-113.
`"Broadband Telecommunications Handbook",
`Bates
`(Ed.),
`McGraw-Hill Publishing, NY, 2000, Chapter 9, 128, 129, 131, 132,
`133 and 134.
`
`Benson (Ed.), "Television Engineering Handbook", McGraw-Hill
`Publishers, NY, 1992, 4.14, 4.15, 4.24, 4.34 and 4.35.
`Bluetooth®, "Specification of the Bluetooth System, Master Table of
`Contents & Compliance Requirements", Specification vol. 0, Nov. 4,
`2004, V2.0, 1-1230.
`Bluetooth®, "Specification of the Bluetooth System, Core", Dec. I,
`1999, VI.OB, 1-1082.
`Bluetooth®, "Specification of the Bluetooth System, Profiles",
`Specification vol. 2, Dec. I, 1999, VI.OB, 1-440.
`Chorafas (Ed.), "Telephony: Today and Tomorrow", Prentice-Hall,
`Inc., NJ, 1984, Chapter 15, 191-197.
`Erickson (Ed.), "Options for Presentation of Multilingual Text: Use
`of the Unicode Standard", Mar. 14, 1997, 20 pages.
`Freeman (Ed.), "Telecouununications Systems Engineering: Analog
`and Digital Network Design", John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NY, 1980,
`180.
`Goodman (Ed.), "Radio Amateur's Handbook", The American Radio
`Relay League, Inc., CN, 1965, Chapter 10,291-295.
`Green (Ed.), "RTTY Handbook", Tab Books, 1972, Chapter 4, 266-
`273.
`IEEE Information Technology, "Wireless LAN Medium Access Con(cid:173)
`trol (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications", 1997, 1-466.
`Jurgen (Ed.), "Digital Consumer Electronics Handbook", McGraw(cid:173)
`Hill Publications, NY, 1997, 27.7-27.10.
`Kuecken (Ed.), "Talking Computers and Telecommunications", Van
`Nostrand Reinhold Company, Inc., NY, 1983, 32-36.
`Margulies (Eti.), "SCSA Book", Telecom Library, Inc., NJ, 1993,
`Chapter 8, 250.
`Martin (Ed.), "Telecommunications and the Computer", Prentice(cid:173)
`Hall, Inc., NJ, 2nd Edition, 1976, Chapter 21,410-423.
`Mazda, (Ed.), "Electronics Engineer's Reference Book", 5.sup.th
`Edition, Buttenvorth and Company Publishers, London, 1983, 54.5-
`54.8.
`Newton (Ed.), "Newton's Telecom Dictionary'', Flatiron Publica(cid:173)
`tions, Inc., NY,Apr.l994, 7th Edition, 9, 363,364,426,427, 428, 429
`and430.
`Pallott and Miller, "Implementing Message Priority Polices Over an
`802.11 Based Mobile Ad Hoc Network", IEEE, Military Communi(cid:173)
`cations Conference, 2001, MILCOM 2001, Communications for
`Network-Centric Operations: Creating the Infonnation Force, Oct.
`28-31, 200 I, 2, 860-864.
`The National Association for Amateur Radio (ARRL), Radio teletype
`(RTTY), "Basic Principles and Machines", Chapter 2.1, Book or
`Journal Title Unknown, Date Unknown, pp. 13 and 14.
`The National Association for Amateur Radio ( ARRL ), Radio teletype
`(RTTY), "Autoslart", Chapter 3.4, "references", Chapter 8, Book or
`Journal Title Unknown, Date Unknown, pp. 107-111, 183, 185, 186
`and 187.
`Rzeszewski (Ed.), "Color Television", IEEE Press, John Wiley and
`Sons, Inc, NY, 1983, 3, 8 and 9.
`Shrader (Ed.), "Electronic Communication", McGraw-Hill Publish(cid:173)
`ers, NY, 1959, 551-555.
`Shrader (Ed.), "Electronic Communication", McGraw-Hill Publish(cid:173)
`ers, NY, 1959, 519.
`Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)-Technologies Web
`Page, http://www.3gpp.orgl-technologies-, Accessed on Feb. 8,
`2011, 2 pages.
`Vi lips (Ed.), "Data Modem: Selection and Evaluation Guide", Artech
`House, Inc, MA, 1972, Section I, 3 pages.
`Wilson eta! (Ed.), "The ARRL Handbook for Radio Communica(cid:173)
`tions", 64th Edition, The American Radio Relay League, Inc., 1986,
`Chapter 19, 19-9-19-13.
`Wilson et al. (Ed.), "The ARRL Handbook for Radio Communica(cid:173)
`tions", 85th Edition, The American Radio Relay League, 2008, Chap(cid:173)
`ter 9, 9.32, 9.33 and 9.34.
`Wilson et al. (Ed.), ''The ARRL Handbook for Radio Communica(cid:173)
`tions", 64th Edition, The American Radio Relay League Inc., 1986,
`Chapter 14, 14-13 and 14-14.
`International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunication Stan(cid:173)
`dardization Sector of ITU (ITU-T). Series T: Tenninal Equipments
`and Protocols for Telematic Services, "Procedures for Document
`Facsimile Transmission in the General Switched Telephone Net(cid:173)
`work", ITU-T Recommendation T.30, Jul. 1996, 176 pages.
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 03 of 19
`
`

`

`US 8,457,228 B2
`Page4
`
`International Telecommunications Union, The International Tele(cid:173)
`graph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT), Data Com(cid:173)
`munication Over the Telephone Network, "A 2-Wire Modem for
`Facsimile Applications with Rates Up to 14 400 bit/s", Recommen(cid:173)
`dation V.17, Feb. 1991, 13 pages.
`International Telecommunications Union, Telecorrununication Stan(cid:173)
`dardization Sector of ITU (ITU-T), Series T: Terminal Equipments
`and Protocols for Telematic Services, "Standardization of Group 3
`Facsimile Terminals for Document Transmission", ITU-T Recom(cid:173)
`mendation T.4, Jul. 1996, 60 pages.
`International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunication Stan(cid:173)
`dardization Sector ofiTU (ITU-T), Series T: Terminal for Telematic
`Services, "Standardization of Group 3 Facsimile Tenninals for Docu(cid:173)
`ment Transmission", ITU-T Recommendation T.4-Amendment 1,
`Jul. 1997, JO pages.
`International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunication Stan(cid:173)
`dardization Sector ofiTU (ITU-T), Series T: Terminals for Telematic
`
`Services, "Standardization of Group 3 Facsimile Tenuinals for Docu(cid:173)
`ment Transmission", ITU-T Recommendation T.4-Amendment 2,
`Oct. 1997, 14 pages.
`International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunication Stan(cid:173)
`dardization Sector ofiTU (ITU-T), Series T: Terminals forTelematic
`Services, "Procedures for Document Facsimile Transmission in the
`General Switched Telephone Network", IlU-T Recommendation
`T.30-Amendment 1, Jul. 1997, 110 pages.
`International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunication Stan(cid:173)
`dardization Sector ofiTU (ITU-T), Series T: Terminals forTelematic
`Services, "Procedures' for Document Facsimile Transmission in the
`General Switched Telephone Network", ITU-T Recommendation
`T.30-Amendment 2, Oct. 1997, 18 pages.
`
`• cited by examiner
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 04 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun. 4, 2013
`
`Sheet 1 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`r~~-~---' l r-·:::~~
`I -~~- I I ·;:::: I
`L, __ ~ ~6 ___ } L
`tfi~~----J
`r--~ .... ,.l."'"'"'~ .,,.._,.._._ ..... ~··· _, ........ ",. ...... 1..., ....... -.~~~-· • •
`-1
`l ................ ~ ...... ~ ............. ........_,.,VilliM.~-\-...........M ..
`23 -~
`
`--~-__,.,. , • . •
`
`' t •
`J
`I
`-~-~~....n·.·.-:..,..,...._-:if'~
`_ -~?·~-·~·n~m-~~ :""- · .
`~
`
`~~------.1 I
`1
`
`Tributary
`Tt:amcei\ler
`26
`' '.:«W!:".,(.r..:,.:.C,:.:.:;:~~n;m.;: •. .:..;.(~ .
`
`FIG .. 1
`Prior Art
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 05 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun.4,2013
`
`Sheet 2 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`Trib 2
`
`M~aster
`gj!
`
`Trib 1
`
`................
`
`. ......
`4.$
`l
`.. .,....~.,~
`5~
`__ ,~)
`54
`, ___ )
`
`·~....... . ..... . ..
`
`'~-"- ~- ... , ..
`
`FIG~ .2
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 06 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun.4,2013
`
`Sheet 3 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`FJG .. 3
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 07 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun.4,2013
`
`Sheet 4 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`FIG.,4
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 08 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun.4,2013
`
`Sheet 5 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`·Trib 2
`TypeB
`
`Master
`TypeA+B
`
`tJ4
`,..., ... .;..;,.
`
`Trib 1
`Type A.
`
`$6#
`
`~$
`
`-
`
`· ··•""
`
`l:o
`
`:~·.,-a·
`"'""
`
`N~"" :;.~~,~ ........ .x~ ......... ..... Wro' .. ,
`tl~tW
`
`FIG~ 5
`
`'~--~~~-w·.~~~•'-'· '~'
`
`1$.$
`.,,/
`
`142
`.. ./.
`144
`"./
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 09 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun.4,2013
`
`Sheet 6 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`......_,
`
`r..._~~ete
`' · Tramsmissf.ott
`
`.FIG .. 6
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 10 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun.4,2013
`
`Sheet 7 of8
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`FIG .. 7
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 11 of 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jun. 4, 2013
`
`8..I000tB8hS
`
`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`
`·t
`
`~.":"'~::::1:
`
`'
`
`,_
`
`•
`
`~
`j
`i 1Y~i!:i!~.~ S!~'l~1
`! tr~ 11, M~Uf;i~~W4 >
`
`WMm
`
`
`
`.3.._w§.mW..m§.w..
`
`
`
`wwamnwm?amKKCw§.$.:
`
`.$S€.S§e...>$.........ua.¢var¢>.r2»;.wr:..lt....:.I:::.I..l......
`
`
`
`.K..H..§§..a§¢Ka...,...a.%.%%®..~Kaw“.
`.c..........s:zi.2.i..z.§3..z:...£2..$..z.z§zz22z.,.E...S3£S:................:....||n..a...l......,.2.................................».H.......n..uJ
`
`
`HR.3..ma$<§x..w_§é_fi§..,m“Wu.WW..u...H.
`iEl\>..¢..t:§.:...!%:€\\s\\.}\s.l.i¢f.:\.\2}§..‘......:...l«t.<;2...:3sR><..3.$:2i>z2<§.(¥\s..s.$§2s>22.:é¢s2.2-.\I.s2¢2:ol.Km
`
`
`
`~;.,.,:.,;_,;,..,N.I,~.I',.,~HN>N~,_N'NI'~NNIH#'N'~#Y~I,.,.,H~-n~
`
`FIG. 8
`
`agut
`
`'
`
`• . ...-
`
`"'''""-''I''~''''""',.,._,.,_..,,~.,H•'''~'' \)!p
`
`'O;;st~ f:i!W1~l!o 'f"tra, A Tr~~~
`
`'ly~A M!!!1.:~!~l.3:,'!':.
`
`~~-""'NY-N~~.I'N'~I'N'N'-"'".1'-,.•;Y'\''·'~"~~HI,~-
`
`1-·--loh"_o:,,,,.hJ.u,-.. .. ~_...__,,,
`J (·~~th T.~..-~ ~. A/.%l~~i
`1
`i ;:;~ A M~.M~li>li 1
`
`'rr-~~l<nt. Sl~t~~l
`
`_m
`
`1:-;:::
`
`Mw
`
`T
`
`
`
`Ma...
`
`an2%.»3&».§_
`
`;S.amé
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 12 of 19
`
`

`

`us 8,457,228 82
`
`1
`SYSTEM AND METHOD OF
`COMMUNICATION USING AT LEAST 'IWO
`MODULATION METHODS
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELAfED
`APPLICATION
`
`This application is a continuation of U.S . application Ser.
`No. 12/543,910 filed on Aug. 19, 2009, which is a continua(cid:173)
`tion of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/774,803, filed on Jul. 9,
`2007, which is a continuation of U.S . application Ser. No.
`10/412,878, filed Apr. 14, 2003, which is a continuation-in(cid:173)
`part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/205,205, filed Dec. 4,
`1998, and which claims priority to and the benefit of the filing
`date of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/067,562, filed
`Dec. 5, 1997, each of which is incorporated by reference
`herein.
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`The present invention relates generally to the fields of data
`communications and modulator/demodulators (modems),
`and, more particularly, to a data communications system in
`which a plurality of modulation methods are used to facilitate
`communication among a plurality of modem types.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`2
`Thus, communication systems comprised of both high per(cid:173)
`formance and low or moderate performance applications can
`be very cost inefficient to construct. For example, some appli(cid:173)
`cations (e.g., internet access) require high performance
`5 modulation, such as quadrature amplitude modulation
`(QAM), carrier amplitude and phase (CAP) modulation, or
`discrete multitone (DMT) modulation, while other applica(cid:173)
`tions (e.g., power monitoring and control) require only mod(cid:173)
`est data rates and therefore a low perfonnance modulation
`10 method. All users in the system will generally have to be
`equipped with a high performance modem to ensure modu(cid:173)
`lation compatibility. These state of the art modems are then
`run at their lowest data rates for those applications that require
`relatively low data throughput performance. The replacement
`15 of inexpensive modems with much more expensive state of
`the art devices due to modulation compatibility imposes a
`substantial cost that is unnecessary in terms of the service and
`perfom1ance to be delivered to the end user.
`Accordingly, what is sought, and what is not believed to be
`20 provided by the prior art, is a system and method of commu(cid:173)
`nication in which multiple modulation methods are used to
`facilitate communication among a plurality of modems in a
`network, which have heretofore been incompatible.
`
`25
`
`SUMMARY
`
`In existing data communications systems, a transmitter and
`receiver modem pair can successfully communicate only 30
`when the modems arc compatible at the physical layer. That
`is, the modems must use compatible modulation methods.
`This requirement is generally true regardless of the network
`topology. For example, point- to-point, dial-up modems oper(cid:173)
`ate in either the industry standard V34 mode or the industry 35
`standard V.22 mode. Similarly, in a multipoint architecture,
`all modems operate, for example, in the industry standard
`V27bis mode. While the modems may be capable of using
`several different modulation methods, a single common
`modulation is negotiated at the beginning of a data session to 40
`be used throughout the durntion of the session. Should it
`become necessary to change modulation methods, the exist(cid:173)
`ing data session is tom down, and a new session is negotiated
`using the new modulation method. Clearly, tearing down an
`existing data session causes a significant disruption in com- 45
`munication between the two modems .
`As discussed in the foregoing, communication between
`modems is genernlly unsuccessful unless a common modu(cid:173)
`lation method is used. In a point-to-point network architec(cid:173)
`ture, if a modem attempts to establish a comnnmication ses- 50
`sian with an incompatible modem, one or both of the modems
`will make several attempts to establish the communication
`link until giving up after a timeout period has expired or the
`maximum ntlll1ber of retry attempts has been reached. Essen(cid:173)
`tially, communication on the link is impossible without 55
`replacing one of the modems such that the resulting modem
`pair uses a common modulation method.
`In a multipoint architecture, a single central, or "master,"
`modem commtmicates with two or more tributary or "trib"
`modems using a single modulation method. If one or more of 60
`the trib modems are not compatible with the modulation
`method used by the master, those tribs will be tmable to
`receive communications from the master. Moreover, repeated
`attempts by the master to communicate with the incompatible
`trib(s) will disturb commtmications with compatible trib(s) 65
`due to time wasted in making the futile communication
`attempts.
`
`The present invention disclosed herein includes methods
`and systems for communication of data according to a com(cid:173)
`munications method in which a master transceiver commu(cid:173)
`nicates with one or more slave transceivers according to a
`master/slave relationship. Communication ±!·om the one or
`more slave transceivers may be in response to a communica(cid:173)
`tion from the master to at least one of the one or more slave
`transceivers. Example communication methods may include
`transmitting at least a first message, which may be low data
`rate message, of a plurality of data messages. TI1e plurality of
`data messages may be transmitted over a communication
`medi urn from the master transceiver to the one or more slave
`transceivers. The first message may include first information,
`and the first information may be modulated according to a
`first modulation method. The first message may include sec(cid:173)
`ond information. The second infonnation may be modulated
`according to the first modulation method. The second infor(cid:173)
`mation may comprise lower data rate data, for example low
`data rate application data. The first message may include first
`message address data that may be indicative of an identity of
`one of the one or more slave transceivers as an intended
`destination of the second information. Example communica(cid:173)
`tion methods may include transmitting a second message,
`which may be a high data rate message, of the plurality of <lata
`messages. The second message may comprise third informa(cid:173)
`tion (e.g., first information of the second message/high data
`rate message), and the third information may be modulated
`according to the first modulation method. The third informa(cid:173)
`tion may be indicative of an impending change in modulation
`to a second modulation method for transmission of fourth
`information (e.g., second information of the second message/
`high data rate message). The second message may comprise
`the fourth information, and the fourth information may be
`transmitted after transitioning from the first modulation
`method to the second modulation method. The fourth infor(cid:173)
`mation may be modulated according to the second modula(cid:173)
`tion method. The second modulation method may be of a
`different type than the first modulation method. The fourth
`information may comprise higher data rate data, for example
`Internet access application data. The fourth information may
`be intended for a single slave transceiver of the one or more
`
`Exhibit 1223 Page 13 of 19
`
`

`

`US 8,457,228 B2
`
`3
`slave transceivers. The higher data rate data may be transmit(cid:173)
`ted at a higher data rate than the low data rate application data.
`The second message may indicate an identity of the single
`slave transceiver as being an intended destination of the
`fourth information using second message address data 5
`included in the second message.
`The present invention has many advantages, a few of which
`are delineated hereafter as merely examples.
`One advantage of the present invention is that it provides to
`the use of a plurality of modem modulation methods on the 10
`same communication medium.
`Another advantage of the present invention is that a master
`transceiver can commm1icate seamlessly with tributary trans(cid:173)
`ceivers or modems using incompatible modulation methods.
`Other features and advantages of the present invention will 15
`become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination
`of the following drawings and detailed description. It is
`intended that all such additional features and advantages be
`included herein within the scope of the present invention.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`4
`tion medium 28. Note that all tribs 26-26 are identical in that
`they share a common modulation method with the master
`transceiver 24. Tlms, before any communication can begin in
`multipoint system 22, the master transceiver and the tribs
`26-26 must agree on a common modulation method. If a
`common modulation method is found, the master transceiver
`24 and a single trib 26 will then exchange sequences of
`signals that are particular subsets of all signals that can be
`communicated via the agreed upon common modulation
`method. These sequences are commonly referred to as train(cid:173)
`ing signals and can be used for the following purposes: 1) to
`confirm that the common modulation method is available, 2)
`to establish received signal level compensation, 3) to estab(cid:173)
`lish time recovery and/or carrier recovery, 4) to permit chan(cid:173)
`nel equalization and/or echo cancellation, 5) to exchange
`parameters for optimizing performance and/or to select
`optional features, and 6) to confirm agreement with regard to
`the foregoing purposes prior to entering into data communi(cid:173)
`cation mode between the users. In a multipoint system, the
`20 address of the trib with which the master is establishing
`communication is also transmitted during the training inter(cid:173)
`val. At the end of a data session a communicating pair of
`modems will typically exchange a sequence of signals known
`as trailing signals for the purpose of reliably stopping the
`session and confirming that the session has been stopped. In a
`multipoint system, failure to detect the end of a session will
`delay or disrupt a subsequent session.
`Referring now to FIG. 2, an exemplary multipoint commu(cid:173)
`nication session is illustrated through usc of a ladder diagram.
`Tl1is system uses polled multipoint communication protocol.
`That is, a master controls the initiation of its own transmission
`to the tribs and permits transmission from a trib only when
`that trib has been selected. At the beginning of the session, the
`master transceiver 24 establishes a common modulation as
`indicated by sequence 32 that is used by both the master 24
`and the tribs 26a, 26b for communication. Once the modula(cid:173)
`tion scheme is established among the modems in the multi(cid:173)
`point system, The master transceiver 24 transmits a training
`sequence 34 that includes the address of the trib that the
`master seeks to communicate with. In this case, the training
`sequence 34 includes the address oftrib 26a. As a result, trib
`26b ignores training sequence 34. After completion of the
`training sequence 34, master transceiver 24 transmits data 36
`to trib 26a followed by trailing sequence 38, which signifies
`the end of the communication session. Similarly, with refer(cid:173)
`ence to FIG. 8, the sequence 170 illustrates a Type A modu-
`lation training signal, followed by a Type A modulation data
`signal. Note that trib 26b ignores data 36 and trailing
`sequence 38 as it was not requested for communication dur(cid:173)
`ing training sequence 34.
`At the end of trailing sequence 38, trib 26a transmits train(cid:173)
`ing sequence 42 to initiate a communication session with
`master transceiver 24. Because master transceiver 24 selected
`trib 26a for communication as part of training sequence 34,
`55 trib 26a is the only modem that will return a transmission.
`Thus, trib 26a transmits data 44 destined for master trans(cid:173)
`ceiver 24 followed by trailing sequence 46 to terminate the
`communication session.
`The foregoing procedure is repeated except master trans-
`60 ceiver identifies trib 26b in training sequence 48. In this case,
`trib 26a ignores the training sequence 48 and the subsequent
`transmission of data 52 and trailing sequence 54 because it
`docs not recognize its address in training sequence 48. Master
`transceiver 24 transmits data 52 to trib 26b followed by trail