DICTIONARY OF
`COMMUNICATIONS
`TECHNOLOGY
`Terms, Definitions and Abbreviations
`Second Edition
`
`· Gilbert Held .
`4-Degree Consulting
`Macon, Georgia, USA
`
`JOHN WILEY & SONS
`Chichester • New York • Brisbane • Toronto . Singapore
`
`Exhibit 1016 01/04
`
`

`

`Copyright@ 1995by JohnWiley&SonsLtd.
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`British library Cataloguing in Publication lJatiJ
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`A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
`
`ISBN 0 471955426
`
`ISBN 0 471 95I26 9 (pbk)
`
`Typeset in 9.5/1 LSpt Times from author's disks by Production Technology
`Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester
`Printed and bound in Great Britain by Bookcraft Ltd
`
`Exhibit 1016 02/04
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`

`

`.. CD
`
`maximum SSCP rerouting count
`
`used to contact other marine telephones or to reach
`landbased telephones through an OJlerator.
`
`cryptographic key used to encipher operational
`keys that will be used at a node.
`
`mark 1. In single-current telegraph communi(cid:173)
`cations, a mark represents the closed, current(cid:173)
`flowing condition. 2. In data communications, a
`mark represents a binary 1; the steady-state, no(cid:173)
`traffic state for asynchronous transmission. 3. The
`idle condition. 4. In the context of the virtual
`tenninal, a mark is a signal inserted into an output
`data stream by the virtual terminal, to acknowledge
`that an attention or interrupt input signal has been
`received.
`
`marker The common control device for a crossbar
`switch.
`
`mark-hold The normal no-traffic line condition
`whereby a steady mack is transmitted.
`
`Markov constraint A constraint on the routing
`method according to which the future route of a
`packet is independent of its past history, such as its
`source or its route so far. This constraint is implied
`by directory routing.
`
`mark-to-Space transition The transition, or switch(cid:173)
`ing from a marking impulse to a spacing impulse.
`
`MARS MilitarJ:: Affiliate Radio System.
`
`MASER (Microwave Ampfification by Simulated
`Emission of Radiation) A device that generates
`signals in the microwave range, with low-noise
`characteristics.
`
`mask Pattern of bits (ls or Os) specified by the user
`that can be used with the trap mode of a communi(cid:173)
`cations test set.
`
`masking A method of transforming one set of data
`into another while blocking or excluding some data
`from this process on the basis of code patterns or
`position.
`
`master clock The source of tinting signals, or the
`signals themselves, which all network stations use
`for synchronization.
`
`master cryptography key In ffiM's SNA, a
`
`In Frequency Division Multiplexing
`master group
`(FDM), an assembly of I 0 supergroups occupying
`adjacent bands in the transmission spectrum
`for purposes of simultaneous modulation and
`demodulation.
`
`In a multipoint system, the modem
`master modem
`that transmits constantly in the outbound direction.
`Usually the modem at the central site. In a multi tier
`system, the term represents a remote master, or a
`master modem that is not located at the central site.
`
`I. In muJtipoint circuits, the unit
`master station
`which controls/polls the nodes. 2. In point-to-point
`circuits, the unit which controls the slave station. 3.
`In LAN technology, the unit on a token-passing ring
`that allows recovery from error conditions, such as
`lost, busy, or duplica.te tokens; a monitor station.
`
`MATE An asynchronous communications software
`program from Concept Automation that operates
`on Data General MV computers.
`
`mathematical model A mathematical description or
`approximation of some real event.
`
`matrix In switch technology, that portion of the
`switch architecture where any input leads and any
`output leads meet.
`
`matrix switch A device that allows any input to be
`cross-connected to any output.
`
`Matrix Switch Host Facility 2 (MSHF2) Soft(cid:173)
`ware from Bytex Corporation of Southborough,
`MA, which operates on mM mainframes, enabling
`Bytex and ffiM matrix switches to send net(cid:173)
`work management data directly to ffiM's Netview
`operating on the host.
`
`MAU Multistation Access Unit.
`
`maximum SSCP rerouting count In ffiM's SNA,
`the maximum number of times a session initiation
`request will be rerouted to intermediate SSCPs
`before the request reaches the destination SSCP.
`This count is used to prevent endless rerouting of
`session initiation requests.
`
`259
`
`Exhibit 1016 03/04
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`

`

`SITA
`
`SITA Societe Intemationale de Tel6communications
`Aeronautiques.
`
`Site A node in a bulletin board system network.
`
`site number A number assigned to a site in a bulletin
`board system network.
`
`skewing The time delay or offset between any two
`signals.
`
`skirt A descending edge on an adapter card behind
`its connector. The presence of a skirt may restrict
`the expansion slots into which the adapter card can
`be installed.
`
`'------'1111 II II Ill Jl
`
`Card with skirt
`
`Card without skirt
`
`Skylin X.25 A satellite-based shared X.25 net(cid:173)
`work service offered by Scientific Atlanta, Inc., of
`Atlanta, GA. Sky lin X.25 supports interactive com(cid:173)
`munications between multiple VSAT locations and
`a shared network hub via a Ku-band satellite.
`
`Skylink.25 A third generation VSAT data network
`marketed by Scientific-Atlanta, Inc., which is based
`upon the ccrrr X.25 architecture and supports a
`variety of commonly used protocols.
`
`Skynet Digital transmission service offering from
`AT&T Communications, featuring on-site earth(cid:173)
`station facilities for wideband satellite trans-
`
`404
`
`mission, with Accunet Reserved 1 .5 circuits.
`Also called High-Cfl.pacity Satellite Digital Service
`(HCSDS) and Skynet 1.5.
`
`Skypaper A trademark of National Satellite Paging
`of Washington, D.C., as well as the name for the
`first FCC licensed and operating nationwide paging
`·
`system marketed by the vendor.
`
`Skyphone A direct-dial telephone service for air(cid:173)
`line passengers offered by British Telecom Inter(cid:173)
`national.
`
`SLAR Side-Looking Airborne Radar.
`
`slave A called unit under the control of commands
`and signals from a master (calling) unit.
`
`slave station In point-to-point circuits, the unit con(cid:173)
`trolled by the master station.
`
`SLC Submarine Laser Communications.
`
`SLCSAT ~Submarine Laser Communications SAT(cid:173)
`ellites.
`
`SLIC Subscriber Line Interface Card.
`
`slicing level A voltage or current level of a digital
`signal where a one or zero bit can be detennined or
`not Also threshold.
`
`slip A defect in timing that caused a single bit or a
`sequence of bits to be omitted or read twice. Slips
`are primarily caused by improper synchronization
`resulting from wander and improper distribution of
`the network reference frequency.
`
`SLIP Serial Line IP.
`
`SLM System Logic Module.
`
`slot 1. A unit of time in a TDM frame where a
`sub-channel bit or character is carried. 2. Basic
`infonnation unit (an 18-bit pattern) sent on an mM
`3600 System Loop. Specifies a command, data, or
`a sync pattyn.
`
`slot sharing A procedure by which more than one
`tenninal may contend for the same slot thereby
`increasing the number of temiinals that may be
`attached an ffiM System 3600 Loop.
`
`! ' " '
`
`A'
`
`Exhibit 1016 04/04
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`