PCT
`INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHE
`
`WORLD INTELLEC
`lnl
`
`(51) International Patent Classification 6 :
`A61K 7/48, 7/50, 7/06, CllD 3/00, 17/04
`
`A
`
`I ~1~11111111111111~ 111111~1 ~1111111~1
`
`wo
`
`9603972A1
`
`1 (43) International Publication Date:
`
`15 February 1996 (15.02.96)
`
`(81) Designated States: AM, AT, AU, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH,
`CN, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, GB, GE, HU, IS, JP, KE,
`KG,KP, KR,KZ,LK,LR,LT, LU,LV,MD,MG, MN,
`MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK,
`TJ, TM, TT, UA, UG, UZ, VN, European patent (AT, BE,
`CH, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT,
`SE), OAPI patent (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA. GN, ML,
`MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), ARIPO patent (KE, MW, SD, SZ,
`UG).
`
`Published
`With international search report.
`
`(21) International Application Number:
`
`PCf!EP95/02711
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`8 July 1995 (08.07.95)
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`08/285,270
`
`3 August 1994 (03.08.94)
`
`us
`
`(71) Applicant (for AU BB CA GB IE KE LK MN MW NZ SD SG SZ
`IT UG only): UNILEVER PLC [GB/GB]; Unilever House,
`Blackfriars, London EC4P 4BQ (GB).
`
`(71) Applicant (for all designated States except AU BB CA GB IE
`KE LK MN MW NZ SD SG SZ IT UG): UNILEVER N.Y.
`[NLINL]; Weena 455, NL-3013 AL Rotterdam (NL).
`
`(72) Inventors: SOMASUNDARAN, Ponnisseril; 724 Route 9W,
`Nyack, NY 10989 (US). ANANTHAPADMANABHAN,
`Kavssery, Parameswaran; 186 Temple Hill Road, No. 1905,
`New Windsor, NY 12553 (US). FUJIWARA, Mitsuko; 602
`Nelson Court, Edgewater, NJ 07020 (US). TSAUR, Liang,
`Sheng; 12 Garnett Place, Norwood, NJ 07648 (US).
`
`(74) Agent: BRYANT, Tracey; Unilever pic, Patent Division,
`Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ (GB).
`
`(54) Title: DEPOSmON OF MATERIALS TO SURFACES USING ZWITTERIONIC CARRIER PARTICLES
`
`(57) Abstract
`
`Compositions to deposit an active substance on a target surface (i.e. skin, hair). The active substance remains on the surface after the
`product is rinsed off the surface. The preferred deposition is from compositions containing an anionic or nonionic active in the co-presence
`of an anionic surfactant. The compositions contain carrier particles having a zwitterionic or cationic surface and a plurality of outwardly
`protruding filaments containing charged organocarbyl groups. The active substance is contained within the carrier particles.
`
`1
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`

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`FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLY
`
`Codes used to identify States party to the Per on the front pages of pamphlets publishing international
`applications under the Per.
`
`AT
`AU
`BB
`BE
`BF
`BG
`BJ
`BR
`BY
`CA
`CF
`CG
`CH
`Cl
`CM
`CN
`cs
`cz
`DE
`DK
`ES
`Fl
`FR
`GA
`
`Austria
`Australia
`Barbados
`Belgium
`Burkina Faso
`Bulgaria
`Benin
`Brazil
`Belarus
`Canada
`Cenaal African Republic
`Congo
`Switzerland
`COle d•Ivoire
`Cameroon
`China
`Czechoslovakia
`Czech Republic
`Germany
`Denmarlt
`Spain
`Finland
`Fnnce
`Gabon
`
`GB
`GE
`GN
`GR
`HU
`IE
`IT
`JP
`KE
`KG
`KP
`
`KR
`KZ
`u
`LK
`LU
`LV
`MC
`MD
`MG
`ML
`MN
`
`United Kingdom
`Georgia
`Guinea
`Greece
`Hungary
`Ireland
`Italy
`Japan
`Kenya
`KyrgysWl
`Democratic People ·s Republic
`of Korea
`Republic of Korea
`KazakhsWl
`Liechtenstein
`Sri Lanka
`Luxembourg
`Lalvia
`Monaco
`Republic of Moldova
`Madagascar
`Mali
`Mongolia
`
`MR
`MW
`NE
`NL
`NO
`NZ
`PL
`PT
`RO
`RU
`SD
`SE
`Sl
`SK
`SN
`TD
`TG
`TJ
`TT
`UA
`us
`uz
`VN
`
`MauriWlia
`Malawi
`Niger
`Nelherlands
`Norway
`New Zealand
`Poland
`Portugal
`Romania
`Russian Federation
`Sudan
`Sweden
`Slovenia
`Slovakia
`Senegal
`Chad
`Togo
`Tajilr.istan
`Trinidad and Tobago
`Ulr.raine
`United States of America
`Uzbekistan
`Viet Narn
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`W096/03972
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`PCT/EP95/02711
`
`DEPOSITION OF MATERIALS TO SURFACES USING ZWITTERIONIC
`CARRIER PARTICLES
`
`Field of the Invention
`
`The invention relates to compositions for depositing an
`active substance onto a target surface, methods of preparing
`the compositions, and methods of using the compositions.
`
`Background of the Invention
`
`Many household products and personal products contain active
`ingredients which need to be delivered to and deposited onto
`a target surface, i.e., fabric, skin, hair, or teeth. The
`product must leave the active ingredient (e.g., a perfume, an
`antimicrobial agent) on the target surface after the product
`is washed and rinsed off
`the surface. Since these surfaces
`are negatively charged, the usual approach for deposition
`from "leave on" products is to use cationic actives for
`deposition. Deposition of anionic actives from aqueous
`solutions onto anionic surfaces can be also achieved by using
`cationic polymers as deposition aids. For example, cationic
`polymers can be used to promote the adsorption of anionic
`surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate onto anionic
`silica particles. Similarly, cationic polymers may also be
`used to deposit silica particles onto glass.
`
`Deposition of anionic or nonionic actives onto anionic
`surfaces from compositions containing anionic surfactants is
`much more difficult. Unfortunately, a great number of
`household and personal products (e.g., shampoos, toothpaste,
`soap bar, and skin cleansing compositions) contain anionic
`surfactants. Anionic surfactants interfere with deposition
`by adsorbing on all surfaces as well as forming complexes/
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`precipitates with cationic deposition aids. Even if
`deposition occurs, the formulations may exhibit poor
`stability due to flocculation and precipitation, particularly
`at high concentration of an anionic active and/or at a high
`concentration of an anionic surfactant. Silicone oil
`droplets dispersed in shampoo can be deposited onto hair
`using a commercially available cationic polymer, Jaguar®
`available from Rhone-Poulenc (see e.g., European Patent
`Application 093 601). However, the higher the concentration
`of anionic surfactant, the harder it is to attain deposition
`of actives. Thus, it is desirable to improve the deposition
`of actives onto a negatively charged target surface in the
`presence of an anionic surfactant.
`
`There is a need for compositions and methods for effective
`delivery and deposition of active substances onto negatively
`charged surfaces, particularly when compositions also contain
`anionic surfactants.
`
`The use of nonionic "hairy" structures for steric
`stabilization of particles in different media has been
`described in "Nonaqueous Silica Dispersions Stabilized by
`Terminally-Grafted Polystyrene Chains", Journal of Colloid
`and Interface Science, Vol. 68, No. 1, (January 1979), pp.
`190-195. This document, however, does not address the
`problem of deposition at all. There have been attempts also
`to use functionalized materials for deposition onto surfaces.
`(See e.g., u.s. Patent 5,171,264). These documents, however,
`do not address the problem of deposition in the presence of
`anionic surfactants.
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`summary of the Invention
`
`The present invention accordingly provides a composition for
`depositing an active substance onto a target surface, the
`composition containing
`
`(i)
`
`from about 0.1% to about 50%wt of carrier particles
`selected from the group consisting of:
`
`(a) particles with a zwitterionic surface, the surface
`having a plurality of outwardly protruding
`filaments containing positively charged
`organocarbyl groups and a plurality of outwardly
`protruding filaments containing negatively charged
`organocarbyl groups; and
`
`(b) particles with a cationic surface, the surface
`having a plurality of outwardly protruding
`filaments containing positively charged
`organocarbyl groups;
`
`(ii) from about 0.01% to about 50%wt of an active substance
`within said particle.
`
`In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition
`further includes a cationic or an amphoteric polymer
`deposition aid.
`
`The term "zwitterionic" as used herein means a mixture of
`cationic and anionic (not necessarily neutral); thus the
`surface of the zwitterionic particle must have both cationic
`and anionic groups (i.e., positively charged and negatively
`charged organocarbyl groups).
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`The term "a plurality of outwardly protruding filaments" as
`used herein means that a plurality of chemical chains
`protrude outwardly from the surface of the particles, in
`essence forming a filamentous, hairy-like surface. The term
`"organocarbyl groups" means chemical groups or moieties
`comprised of at least carbon and hydrogen, and optionally of
`heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and
`sulphur. Suitable examples of negatively charged
`organocarbyl groups include, but are not limited to, sulfate,
`sulfonate, carboxylate, phosphate groups, and mixtures
`thereof. Suitable examples of positively charged
`organocarbyl groups include, but are not limited to, primary
`amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, quaternary ammonium
`salts, amidines, pyridinium salts and mixtures thereof.
`
`The term "particles" includes solid and semi-solid particles,
`as well as emulsion droplets.
`
`The zwitterionic or cationic particles employed in the
`present invention serve as carrier particles for an active
`material which is entrapped in or distributed throughout the
`carrier particles.
`In use, when the compositions according
`to the invention are applied to a target surface, the active
`material is delivered to and deposited onto a target surface
`by virtue of the deposition of the carrier particles.
`
`The present invention is based, at least in part, on the
`finding that particles having a filamentous zwitterionic or
`cationic surface deposit onto negatively charged surfaces to
`a substantially greater extent than the particles with
`filamentous anionic surface. Unlike the anionic particles,
`the zwitterionic or cationic particles remain on the target
`surface even after the target surface is washed.
`In a
`preferred embodiment of the invention, zwitterionic rather
`than cationic particles are employed in order to minimize or
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`eliminate the formation of floes upon standing in an anionic
`surfactant system. The deposition of the particles employed
`in the present invention is substantially enhanced by the
`presence of a deposition aid, which is selected from cationic
`or amphoteric polymers.
`
`The compositions according to the invention are especially
`useful when it is desired to deposit an anionic active
`substance onto a negatively charged target surface from a
`composition which also contains an anionic surfactant,
`particularly when the concentration of an anionic surfactant
`is high, albeit the compositions may be employed for
`depositing any active substances present in any household or
`personal product composition. Thus, the compositions are
`most useful when it is desired to deposit an active
`substance, particularly an anionic active substance, from a
`laundry detergent, a dishwashing composition, a soap bar, a
`liquid skin cleansing composition, a shampoo, a toothpaste or
`a mouthwash.
`
`The present invention also includes methods of preparing and
`using the compositions according to the invention.
`
`Detailed Description of the Invention
`
`The inventive compositions contain, as a first essential
`ingredient, a particle which serves as a carrier for an
`active material. Suitable carrier particles must be
`insoluble in a final formulation in order to preserve the
`structural integrity of the particles during storage. Since
`consumer products are, for the most part, aqueous based, the
`carrier particles included in the compositions of the
`invention are water-insoluble. However, the carrier
`particles must be water-dispersible so that uniform stable
`suspensions or emulsions can be formed. The carrier
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`particles employed in the present invention have either a
`filamentous zwitterionic surface or a filamentous cationic
`surface. When zwitterionic carrier particles are employed in
`the invention, preferably some filaments on the surface of
`the particles carry positively charged organocarbyl groups or
`moieties and others carry negatively charged organocarbyl
`groups or moieties i.e. the positively and negatively charge
`groups are located on different filaments. When cationic
`carrier particles are employed in the present invention, all
`filaments on the surface of the particles carry positively
`charged organocarbyl groups. Carrier particles having a
`filamentous zwitterionic or cationic surface deposit onto
`negatively charged surfaces to a substantially greater extent
`than the particles with filamentous anionic surfaces. Unlike
`the anionic particles, the zwitterionic or cationic particles
`remain on the target surface even after the target surface
`has been washed off. Although the zwitterionic particles
`used in the present invention may and preferably do have a
`net negative charge under neutral pH (i.e., •a net zeta
`potential"), they still deposit substantially better than
`anionic particles with the same net negative charge. Several
`factors may contribute to the higher deposition of
`zwitterionic particles over homoionic particle having the
`same net zeta potential. Although not wishing to be bound by
`this theory, it is believed that changes in dynamic local
`potentials because of configurational changes of the
`filamentous structure as the zwitterionic surface approaches
`an anionic substrate surface may be playing a key role during
`deposition.
`
`The filamentous zwitterionic or cationic surface of the
`carrier particles employed herein may be formed in several
`ways. For example, a water-insoluble material may be coated
`(e.g., coating by adsorption) with a polymer which has
`pendant negatively and positively charged side chains, the
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`polymer thus forming a filamentous zwitterionic surface.
`When this approach is taken, suitable solid materials
`include, but are not limited to, porous silica, zeolite,
`latex particles. Suitable polymers are polyampholytes which
`have a neutral backbone and pendant anionic and pendant
`cationic group, e.g., acrylate/betaine copolymers, as
`described in U.S. Patent 4,985,487, incorporated by reference
`herein; crosslinked anionic polymer/betaine polymer, as
`described in U.S. Patent 5,098,699, incorporated by reference
`herein; zwitterionic gafquat-like materials, as described in
`U.S. Patent 5,045,617, incorporated by reference herein;
`cationic/anionic/amphoteric combinations as described in U.S.
`Patent 4,591,610, incorporated by reference herein;
`carboxylate/ammonium zwitterionic polymers as described in
`U.S. Patent 3,836,537, incorporated by reference herein;
`detergent/zwitterionic polymer mixture as described in U.S.
`Patent 4,075,131, incorporated by reference herein;
`crosslinked amphoteric polymer as described in U.S. Patent
`4,534,892, incorporated by reference herein; DMDAAC/acrylic
`acid copolymers as described in EP 269 243 and in EP 266
`1111. When cationic carrier particles are desired, suitable
`polymers include but are not limited to the polymers
`described in U.S. Patents 3,761,418; 4,673,525; 4,820,447;
`5,064,555; and 4,871,536, all of which are incorporated by
`reference herein.
`
`The preferred polymers are Polyquaternium (CTFA name)
`polymers, e.g., Polyquaternium-1, Polyquaternium-2,
`Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium-5, Polyquaternium-6, (also
`known as Merquat 100~ available from Calgon), Polyquaternium-
`7 (also known as Merquat 550~ available from Calgon),
`Polyquaternium-8, Polyquaternium-9, Polyquaternium-10 (also
`known as Polymer JR 400~), Polyquaternium-11, Polyquaternium-
`12, Polyquaternium-13, Polyquaternium-14, Polyquaternium-15,
`Polyquaternium-16, Polyquaternium-17, Polyquaternium-18,
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`Polyquaternium-19, Polyquaternium-20, Polyquaternium-24,
`Polyquaternium-27, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-29 (also
`known as Kytamer KC® available from Arnerchol),
`Polyquaternium-30, Polyquaternium-31, Polyquaternium-32,
`Polyquaternium-33, Polyquaternium-34, Polyquaternium-35,
`Polyquaternium-36, Polyquaternium-37, Polyquaternium-39.
`
`Another way to obtain a carrier particle with a filamentous
`surface suitable for use in the present invention is to form
`an emulsion of molten wax at a temperature higher than room
`temperature and to obtain emulsion droplets of net positive
`or negative charge by adding a combination of anionic and
`cationic surfactants at appropriate ratios. The emulsion
`droplets form water-insoluble filamentous zwitterionic
`particles upon cooling.
`
`Suitable waxes include, but are not limited to, the
`hydrocarbon waxes such as paraffin wax and microcrystallized
`waxes, waxes derived from natural materials such as beeswax,
`carnuba wax, triglycerides and other animal and vegetable
`waxes. The wax may also contain various plasticizers that
`are used to manipulate their rheological properties and
`melting point. When cationic carrier particles are desired,
`a cationic surfactant alone is employed, rather than a
`mixture of cationic and anionic surfactants. The wax
`emulsion method of forming filamentous carrier particles is
`preferred due to ease of manufacture. Typically, the ratio
`of anionic surfactants to cationic surfactants is in the
`range of from 9:1 to 0.01:1, preferably in the range of from
`2:1 to 0.5:1. The ratio of total surfactant to wax is from
`about 1:100 to about 1:30.
`
`Suitable anionic surfactants are water-soluble alkali metal
`salts of organic sulfates and sulfonates having alkyl
`radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms,
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`the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of
`higher acyl radicals. Examples of suitable synthetic anionic
`detergent compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulfates,
`especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C 8 -C 18 )
`alcohols produced for examples from tallow or coconut oil,
`sodium and potassium alkyl (C 9 -C 20 ) benzene sulfonates,
`particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C 10 -C 15 ) benzene
`sulfonates; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates, especially
`those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or
`coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum;
`sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulfates and
`sulpphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid
`esters of higher (C 8 -C 18 ) fatty alcohol-alkylene oxide,
`particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; the reaction
`products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids
`esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium
`hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of
`methyl taurine; alkane monosulfonates such as those derived
`by reacting alpha-olefins (C 8 -C 20 ) with sodium bisulphite and
`those derived from reacting paraffins with so~ and Cl 2 and
`then hydrolyzing with a base to produce a random sulfonate;
`and olefin sulfonates, which term is used to describe the
`material made by reacting olefins, particularly C10 -C 20 alpha(cid:173)
`olefins, with S0 3 and then neutralizing and hydrolyzing the
`reaction product. Further examples are described in "Surface
`Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and III by Schwartz,
`Perry and Berch. Any suitable anionic may be used and the
`examples are not intended to be limiting in any way.
`
`Suitable cationic surfactants include, but are not limited
`to, quaternary ammonium compounds (such as alkyldimethyl(cid:173)
`ammonium halogenides), alkyl and ethoxylated alkyl amines
`(primary, secondary and tertiary), alkyl pyridinium salts and
`amidines.
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`Another suitable way to obtain carrier particles for use in
`the present invention is to select solid materials with
`surface reactive groups such as hydroxide, carbonate,
`sulfate, phosphate, oxide, silicate, (e.g., silica or
`zeolite), calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide and clays and
`hydrotalcites, and to react (or engraft) these materials with
`one or more polymers which contain difunctional organocarbyl
`groups: one of the groups serves to attach the polymer to
`the solid material's surface and the second group serves as a
`functional group on the filament. The second group is, for
`example, a carboxy group to create a negatively charged
`filament or an amine to create a positively charged filament.
`Alternatively, the solid material with the reactive surface
`group (as described above) may be reacted with polyalkyl
`glycol, and subsequently modified (e.g., with carboxylaminel.
`
`Latex particles with engrafted cationic or zwitterionic
`surfaces constitute another source of water-insoluble carrier
`particles for use in the present invention. Suitable latex
`particles may be obtained commercially from
`Interfacial
`Dynamics Corp., Portland, Oregon, telephone:
`(503} 684-8008.
`These latex particles have short filaments terminated with
`functional groups and hydrophobic regions.
`
`In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
`zwitterionic particles which have a net negative charge,
`i.e., particles containing more negatively charged filaments
`than positively charged filaments, are employed in order to
`maximize deposition and to minimize formation of floes.
`
`The carrier particles are present in the inventive
`composition in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 50%,
`preferably from about 0.1% to about 20%.
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`The second essential ingredient included in the compositions
`of the invention is an active substance which, according to
`the present invention, is delivered along with a carrier
`particle to a target surface. An active may be a solid or a
`liquid. According to the present invention, the active is
`entrapped in, distributed throughout, absorbed or adsorbed by
`the carrier particles. The identity of the active depends on
`the particular composition and the particular surface
`targeted.
`
`When the desired target surface is teeth, or an oral
`epithelial surface, the active material is generally selected
`from the group consisting of an anticaries compound, an
`antimicrobial compound, an antiplaque compound, a flavorant,
`and mixtures thereof. Suitable flavorants include, but are
`not limited to, wintergreen oil, oregano oil, bay leaf oil,
`peppermint oil, clove oil, sage oil, sassafras oil, lemon
`oil, orange oil, anise oil, benzaladehyde, bitter almond oil,
`camphor, cedar leaf oil, marjoram oil, citronella oil,
`lavendar oil, mustard oil, pine oil, pine needle oil,
`rosemary oil, thyme oil, cinnamon leaf oil, and mixtures
`thereof. Suitable antimicrobial compounds-include, but are
`not limited to, thymol, menthol, triclosan, 4-
`hexylresorcinol, phenol, eucalyptol, benzoic acid, benzoyl
`peroxide, butyl paraben, salicylamides, and mixtures thereof.
`Suitable anti-caries compounds include, but are not limited
`to, pharmaceutically acceptable fluoride compounds and zinc
`salts. Typical pharmaceutically acceptable fluoride
`compounds that are suitable for use in the compositions of
`this invention include sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride,
`lithium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, zinc fluoride, stannous
`fluoride, sodium monofluoro-phosphate, acidulated phosphate
`fluoride, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride and amine
`fluoride. Zinc salts that are suitable for use in the
`compositions of this invention include zinc chloride, zinc
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`sulfate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate, zinc salicylate, zinc
`thiocyanate and, more generally, any pharmaceutically
`acceptable zinc salts.
`
`The compositions of the invention are preferred applied
`target surfaces selected from mammalian skin, hair, and
`nails, in which case suitable active materials are cosmetic
`acitves in which include, but are not limited to, skin anti(cid:173)
`ageing compounds, skin conditioning compounds, vitamins,
`perfumes, antimicrobials, UV-absorbing materials, anti-acne
`agents, anti-cellulite compounds and mixtures thereof.
`
`Suitable anti-ageing and conditioning compounds include, but
`are not limited to, retinoids, U-hydroxy acids, salts, and
`fat-soluble vitamins, ascorbyl palmitate,
`esters thereof,
`ceramides, pseudoceramides (e.g., pseudoceramides described
`in U.S. Patents 5,198,210; 4,778,823; 4,985,547; 5,175,321,
`all of which are incorporated by reference herein),
`phospholipids (e.g., distearoyl lecithin phospholipid), fatty
`acids, fatty alcohols, cholesterol, plant sterols, and
`mixtures thereof. Preferred fatty acids or alcohols are
`those that have straight or branched alkyl chains containing
`12-20 carbon atoms. A particularly preferred fatty acid is
`linoleic acid since linoleic acid assists in the absorption
`of ultraviolet light and furthermore is a vital component of
`the natural skin lipids. The term "retinoid" as used herein
`includes all natural and/or synthetic analogues of vitamin A
`or retinol-like compounds which possess the biological
`activity of vitamin A in the skin as well as the geometric
`isomers and stereoisomers of these compounds such as all(cid:173)
`trans retinoid acid.
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`Suitable vitamins include, but are not limited to, vitamin A
`and vitamin A derivatives, vitamin B:, pantothenic acid,
`vitamin D, vitamin E.
`
`Suitable skin conditioning agents, include but are not
`limited to, long chain fatty acids, liquid water-soluble
`polyols, glycerin, propylene glycol, sorbitol, polyethylene
`glycol, ethoxylated/propoxylated ethers of methyl glucose
`(e.g., methyl gluceth-20) and ethoxylated/propoxylated ethers
`of lanolin alcohol (e.g., Solulan-75).
`
`Suitable UV-absorbing materials include, but are not limited
`to, PABA and PARA amino benzoate derivatives, salicylates,
`cinnamates, anthranilates, dibenzoyl methanes, camphor
`derivatives and mixtures thereof. Specific examples include,
`but are not limited to, benzophenone-3, benzophenone-8,
`ethyldihydroxypropyl-PABA, glyceryl PABA, octyldumethyl PABA,
`Parsol 1789® (i.e., butyl methoxy debenzoyl methane),
`homosalate, menthyl anthranilate, octocrylene, octylmethoxy
`cinnamate, TEA salicylate, octyl salicylate, and mixtures
`thereof.
`
`Suitable anti-cellulite agents include, but are not limited
`to, isobutylmethylxanthine, caffeine, theophylline,
`yohimbine, and mixtures thereof.
`
`Suitable anti-acne agents include, but are not limited to,
`resorcinol, resorcinol acetate, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic
`acid, azaleic acid, long chain dicarboxylic acids, various
`natural agents such as those derived from green tree, and
`mixtures thereof.
`
`When the desired surface is fabric, suitable active agents
`include, but are not limited to, perfumes, whitening agents,
`brightening agents, fabric softeners.
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`Of course other active ingredients, not listed in the
`specific lists or categories above, are suitable for
`inclusion in the compositions of the invention as long as
`they can be incorporated in the carrier particles.
`
`It should be noted that some active materials may perform
`more than one function. For instance, menthol may perform
`both an antimicrobial and flavoring function; fat-soluble
`vitamins are nutrients for skin, and also serve as
`conditioning and anti-wrinkle actives.
`
`The active ingredient is deposited on the target surface
`along with the carrier particles and the active is
`subsequently gradually released. The release of the active
`is accomplished by sheer (e.g., rubbing of the particles onto
`the skin), temperature (e.g., melting of the particles at
`body temperature), diffusion and combination thereof. The
`compositions of the invention are especially useful for
`depositing anionic actives.
`
`The active material is present in the compositions according
`to the invention in an amount effective to.deliver the
`desired benefit. The particular amount of the active
`material depends on the identity of the active, the desired
`benefit, and the nature of the composition.
`In general, the
`amount of the active is from about 0.01% to about 50%,
`preferably from about 0.1% to about 20%, most preferably from
`about 0.05% to about 2%, by weight of the composition.
`
`An optional but highly preferred ingredient to be included in
`the compositions according to the invention is a cationic or
`amphoteric polymer deposition aid. Suitable amphoteric
`polymer deposition aids include, but are not limited to,
`Merquat 280® (a copolymer of dimethyl/diallyl ammonium
`chloride and acrylic acid available from Calgon). Suitable
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`cationic polymer deposition aids include but are not limited
`to the polymers described in U.S. Patents 3,761,418;
`4,673,525; 4,820,447; 5,064,555; and 4,871,536, all of which
`are incorporated by reference herein.
`
`The preferred cationic deposition aids are Polyquaternium
`(CTFA name) polymers, e.g. Polyquaternium-1, Polyquaternium-
`2, Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium-5, Polyquaternium-6,
`(also known as Merquat 100~ available from Calgon),
`Polyquaternium-7 (also known as Merquat 550<!' available from
`Calgon), Polyquaternium-8, Polyquaternium-9, Polyquaternium-
`10 (also known as Polymer JR 400~), Polyquaternium-11,
`Polyquaternium-12, Polyquaternium-13, Polyquaternium-14,
`Polyquaternium-15, Polyquaternium-16, Polyquaternium-17,
`Polyquaternium-18, Polyquaternium-19, Polyquaternium-20,
`Polyquaternium-24, Polyquaternium-27, Polyquaternium-28,
`Polyquaternium-29 (also known as Kytamer KC! available from
`Amercholl, Polyquaternium-30, Polyquaternium-31,
`Polyquaternium-32, Polyquaternium-33, Polyquaternium-34,
`Polyquaternium-35, Po1yquaternium-36, Polyquaternium-37,
`Polyquaternium-39.
`
`The most preferred cationic polymer aids in order to attain
`maximum deposition are Merquat 100~, Merquat 550<!', Polymer JR
`400®, and Jaguar C13S~ (cationic guar gum) .
`
`The amount of the polymeric deposition aid in the
`compositions according to the invention is in the range of
`from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.001%
`to about 2%.
`
`Although the compositions according to the invention may be
`used in any household or personal care product, their use in
`products containing anionic surfactants is particularly
`advantageous. Consequently in a preferred embodiment of the
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`invention, the compositions further contain an anionic
`surfactant. The anionic surfactants are usually water(cid:173)
`soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulfates and sulfonates
`having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about
`22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the
`alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals. Examples of suitable
`synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium and
`potassium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by
`sulphating higher (C 8 -C 18 ) alcohols produced for examples from
`tallow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (C 9-C 20 )
`benzene sulfonates, particularly sodium linear secondary
`alkyl ( C10 -C 15 ) benzene sul fonates; sodi urn alky 1 glyceryl
`ether sulfates, especially those ethers of the higher
`alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic
`alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty
`monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium and potassium
`salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C 8 -C 18 ) fatty
`alcohol-alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction
`products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as
`coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and
`neutralized with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts
`of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine; alkane monosulfonates
`such as those derived by reacting alpha-olefins (Ce-C 20 ) with
`sodium bisulphite and those derived from reacting paraffins
`with S0 2 and Cl 2 and then hydrolyzing with a base to produce a
`random sulfonate; and olefin sulfonates, which term is used
`to describe the material made by reacting olefins,
`particularly C10 -C 20 alpha-clef ins, with S0 3 and then
`neutralizing and hydrolyzing the reaction product. Another
`preferred surfactant is an acyl isethionate having the
`formula:
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`in which R denotes a linear or bra