United States Patent [191
`Hoshowski et al.
`
`[54] HAIR SHAMPOO-CONDmONER
`COMPOSmON
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Myra A. Hoshowski, Addison;
`William J. Brown, Flossmoor, both
`of Ill.
`
`[73] Assignee: Helene Curtis, Inc., Chicago, Ill.
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 623,788
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Dec. 7,1990
`
`Int. CI.s ................................................ A61K 7/06
`[51]
`[52] U.S. CI •................................... 424/70; 424/78.02;
`252/DIG. 13
`[58] Field of Search ................................... 424170, 78;
`252/DIG. 13
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`3,980,769 9/1976 Ghilardi et al ....................... 424170
`3,996,146 12/1976 Tarasov et al .................... 424/70 X
`4,172,887 10/1979 Vanlerberghe et al ............... 424170
`4,213,960 7/1980 · Grollier et al .................... 424170 X
`4,240,450 12/1980 Grollier eta!. ................... 424/72 X
`4,710,374 12/1987 Grollier et al .................... 424/70 X
`4,842,851 6/1989 Grollier et al .................... 424170 X
`4,948,576 8/1990 Verdicchio et al .............. 424/70 X
`
`lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
`US005137715A
`5,137, 715
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent: Aug. 11, 1992
`
`Primary Examiner-Thurman K. Page
`Assistant Examiner-D. Colucci
`Attorrtey, Agent, or Firm-Marshall, O'Toole, Gerstein,
`Murray & Bicknell
`
`[57]
`ABSTRACI'
`A hair shampoo-conditioner composition including an
`anionic cleansing surfactant, such as an alkyl sulfate or
`an alkyl ether sulfate, and a polymeric conditioning
`compound having the formula:
`
`wherein n is a number in the range of from two to about
`1000; m is a number in the range of from one to about
`18; p and r are numbers in the range of from one to
`about four, in a suitable carrier, and having a pH offrom
`about 2.5 to less than 7, to cleanse the hair, to generate
`a copious and stable foam volume and to impart im(cid:173)
`proved wet stage and improved dry stage conditioning
`properties to the hair in a single application of the com(cid:173)
`position is disclosed.
`
`26 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets
`
`% POLYMER
`
`AMD vs. pH
`
`CLARITY AT 80F
`7r---------------------------------------------~
`
`6
`
`5
`
`4
`
`3
`
`pH
`
`HAZY
`
`2 1~~~~~2~~~~3~~~~4~~~~~5~~~~6
`0/o POLYMER AMD
`.1.2
`1.6
`.8
`0 /o POLYMERIC
`AMIDOAMINE
`
`.4
`
`2.0
`
`2.4
`
`1
`
`

`

`%POLYMER AMD vs. pH
`
`CLARITY AT 80F
`
`.jcLEARj
`
`:1f11111
`
`~
`
`~1111111111111111
`
`~I II II II II I II II II II II II I II II II II II I II II II
`
`_..--r1 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 II 1111111
`
`/
`
`~IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHAZY
`lllTfllllllllllllllll II 1111111
`
`71
`
`6f
`
`5~
`
`PH 4l
`
`3i Alllll H 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 II 1111111
`
`21111111111111111 J llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
`2
`4
`1
`3
`5
`6
`0 /o POLYMER AMD
`2.4
`2.0
`1.2
`.8
`1.6
`AMIDOAMINE
`0 /o POLYMERIC
`
`.4
`
`Fl G.1
`
`·~
`•
`00
`•
`
`'"'C =
`""""
`= """"
`tD
`
`> = ~
`
`1-l
`j-l
`1-l
`~
`N·
`
`00
`1:1"
`tD
`
`tD -1-l
`
`Q ....,
`w
`
`...
`Ul
`1-l
`~
`...
`.....:1
`.....:1
`1-l
`Ul
`
`2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 11, 1992
`
`Sheet 2 of 3
`
`5,137,715
`
`WET AVERAGE COMBING LOAD (ACL)
`
`'
`
`w
`E
`T
`
`A
`c
`L
`
`1 1
`
`1 .0
`
`9 0
`
`0. 8
`
`0. 7
`
`0 .6
`
`0. 5
`
`.1
`
`.5 1.0
`.25
`.0
`EX .12A
`EX.12E
`EX.12C
`EX.12B
`EX.12B
`EX.12F
`
`2.0
`
`0 /o. POLYMER AMD
`
`Fl G. 2
`
`3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 11, 1992
`
`Sheet 3 of 3
`
`5,137,715
`
`DRY AVERAGE COMBING LOAD (ACL)
`
`11
`
`1 .0
`
`0 .9
`
`8
`0.
`
`0 .7
`
`0. 6
`
`D
`R
`y
`
`A
`c
`L
`
`0. 5
`
`.1
`
`.o
`.50 1.00 2.00
`.25
`EX.12E
`EX .12C
`EX.12A
`EX.128
`EX.12D
`EX.12F
`
`0 /o POLYMER AMD
`
`Fl G.3
`
`4
`
`

`

`HAIR SHAMPOO·CONDmONER
`COMPOSmON
`
`FIELD OF INVENTION
`
`5
`
`wherein r is a number in the range of from two to about 25
`1000, and preferably in the range of from two to about
`500; m is a number in the range of from one to about 18;
`p and r are numbers in the range of from one to about
`four; in c) a suitable carrier; and adjusted to a pH of
`from about 2.5 to less than 7. The hair shampoo-condi- 30
`tioner composition demonstrates exceptional foaming
`properties, effectively cleanses the hair, and, simulta(cid:173)
`neously, imparts unexpectedly improved wet stage and
`dry stage conditioning properties to hair in a single
`application of the composition. Surprisingly, a hair 35
`shampoo-conditioner composition of the present inven(cid:173)
`tion generates an unexpectedly high level of a stable
`foam. In addition, the anionic component and the cati(cid:173)
`onic component of the composition do not interact, and
`therefore are available to effectively cleanse the hair 40
`and to impart wet stage and dry stage conditioning
`properties to the hair.
`
`1
`
`5,137,715
`
`2
`the hair, after rinsing with water, with an undesirable
`harsh, dull and dry touch or feel, usually called "creak".
`As a result, thoroughly cleansed hair is extremely
`difficult to comb, in either the wet or dry stage, because
`the individual hair fibers tend to snarl, kink, and inter(cid:173)
`lock with each other. In addition, incompletely dried
`hair, such as hair dried with a towel, has poor brushing
`The present invention relates to a hair shampoo-con-
`ditioner composition and to a ~ethod of treating hair
`properties. Then, after complete drying, the hair does
`that g~nerates a s~ble an~ copious foam, that cl~ses
`not set well. Furthermore, the combing or brushing
`the barr and that Imp~ ~proved we~ stage ~d _Im- 10 property of the dried hair remains poor. The dried hair
`p_roved d~ s~ge conditiOmng pr?~rties to barr ':fl a
`also bas undesirable electrostatic properties in a low
`smgle applicatiOn. of th~ ~mP:>sition. More _particu-
`humidity atmosphere that cause the hair to "fly away",
`larly, the .~resent mventi?~ IS ~rrect7d to a barr s?llll_l-
`thereby further reducing the brushing property of the
`poo-conditloner compositiOn mcludmg_: a) an aruoruc
`hair. The unsatisfactory combing or brushing property
`cleansing surfactant, like an alkyl ether sulfate, such as 15 of freshly-shampooed hair also causes hair damage,
`sodium lauryl ether sulfate, or an alk>:l sulf~te~ such ~ such as split ends or hair breakage. In addition, the
`ammonium lauryl sulfate; b) a polymenc cat10ruc condi-
`natural luster and resiliency of the hair is reduced.
`Accordingly, freshly-shampooed hair usually re-
`tioning compound having the formula:
`quires a post-shampoo hair treatment with a condition-
`20 ing composition to improve the unsatisfactory physical
`and cosmetic condition of the hair. A conditioning com(cid:173)
`position normally is applied separately from the hair
`shampoo, and usually is a rinse or a cream-like lotion
`containing a cationic compound. Therefore, investiga(cid:173)
`tors have sought hair shampoo compositions that gener(cid:173)
`ate a copious and siable amount of foam, cleanse the
`hair and leave the hair in a cosmetically-satisfactory
`state, such that the subsequent treatment with a condi(cid:173)
`tioner composition can be avoided.
`Consequently, investigators sought a composition
`that behaves both as a shampoo and as a hair condi(cid:173)
`tioner. However, the resulting shampoo-conditioner
`compositions possessed several disadvantages. For ex(cid:173)
`ample, it is known in the art that anionic surfactants
`generate a high foam and are suitable for cleansing the
`hair, and that, in many instances, cationic compounds,
`like cationic surfactants and polymers, are suitable hair
`conditioners. However, the major difficulty encoun(cid:173)
`tered by investigators is the inherent incompatibility
`between an anionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant
`or cationic polymer. Consequently, contact between
`the anionic surfactant and the cationic surfactant or
`cationic polymer either produces an intractable precipi(cid:173)
`tate that forms immediately, or causes an interaction
`between the anionic and cationic components that sig(cid:173)
`nificantly reduces their respective foam generating,
`cleansing and conditioning properties. The reduction in
`foaming, cleansing and conditioning effectiveness also
`is observed in compositions wherein the anionic and
`cationic components do not precipitate from the com(cid:173)
`position, but remain in solution or in a suspended state.
`The inherent incompatibility between an anionic
`compound and a cationic compound is well recognized
`by workers skilled in the art. For example, Sagarin in
`Cosmetics, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, p.
`538, 1957, states that anionic and cationic compound
`cannot be used in combination because they react to
`form insoluble salts. Thus, in practice, consumer needs
`traditionally have been met by applying a high-foaming
`and nonsubstantive anionic surfactant-based shampoo
`to the hair to cleanse the hair, then rinsing the hair,
`followed by applying a conditioner composition includ(cid:173)
`ing a substantive cationic compound to the hair to con(cid:173)
`dition the hair.
`As previously discussed, freshly-shampooed hair,
`being inclined to knot and tangle, is difficult to manage
`and comb. The wet combing problem has been solved
`by treating freshly-shampooed hair with a conditioner
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`Most individuals buy and use a hair shampoo for its 45
`cleansing properties. Furthermore, in addition to clean
`hair, the consumer desires sufficiently-conditioned hair
`that holds a preset configuration. However, present-day
`hair shampoos generally are formulated with highly(cid:173)
`effective synthetic surfactants, like anionic surfactants, 50
`that exhibit a high foam and primarily clean, as opposed
`to conditioning, the hair Therefore, it is not surprising
`that hair shampoos neither help detangle wet hair nor
`impart any residual hair conditioning benefits to dry
`hair, such as the manageability or styleability of hair 55
`sets.
`Consequently, after shampooing, the hair normally is
`left in a cosmetically-u~tisfactory state because an
`anionic surfactant-based hair shampoo composition not
`only removes all of the dirt and soil from the hair, but 60
`also removes essentially all of the sebum that is natu(cid:173)
`rally present on the surface of the hair fibers. Therefore,
`it was found that the properties of anionic surfactants
`that effectively cleanse the hair also serve to leave the
`hair in a cosmetically-unsatisfactory condition. In gen- 65
`eral, therefore, shampooing the hair with a hair sham(cid:173)
`poo composition including an anionic surfactant, or a
`nonionic surfactant or llll amphoteric surfactant, leaves
`
`5
`
`

`

`5,137,715
`
`4
`3
`desired degree of manageability. However, the cationic
`composition that includes a compound to coat the hair
`polymers utilized in the prior art also gave the hair a
`shaft and cause the individual hair shafts to resist tan-
`greasy feeling as described above. The primary diffi-
`gling and matting because of conditioner compound
`culty encountered in preparing this type of shampoo-
`residue on the hair shaft. Until recently the desirable
`properties of both a hair shampoo and a hair conditioner 5 conditioner composition has been achieving a sum-
`ciently stable composition without destroYing the deli-
`composition could not be incorporated into a single
`composition. Therefore, a shampoo composition and a
`cate balance of conditioning, cleansing, consumer ap-
`conditioner composition were applied sequentially to
`peal, foam properties, and other functional and esthetic
`achieve the benefits provided by each composition.
`properties. Surprisingly and unexpectedly, although the
`Investigators attempting to combine all, or some, of the 10 composition of the present invention includes a poly-
`meric cationic conditioning compound, the composition
`beneficial properties of a shampoo composition and of a
`is sufficiently stable, lathers sufficiently, cleanses the
`conditioner composition into a single shampoo-condi-
`tioner composition concentrated particularly on incor-
`hair and imparts conditioning properties to the hair
`porating the properties of a post-shampoo conditioning
`without a greasy feeling, while maintaining excellent
`15 physical and esthetic properties for consumer appeal.
`rinse into a hair shampoo composition.
`Therefore, because hair shampoo compositions are
`Therefore, the present invention relates to a sham-
`predominantly anionic in character, the incorporation
`poo-conditioner composition for cleansing the hair and
`of a substantive cationic compound into an anionic
`for imparting improved physical and cosmetic proper-
`shampoo composition ranges from difficult to impossi-
`ties to the hair, such as improved combing properties,
`ble because of the inherent incompatibility between 20 luster and manageability. It is known that anionic sur-
`anionic and cationic surfactants. Nevertheless, a combi-
`factants are especially useful for shampooing the hair
`nation shampoo-conditioner composition is desirable
`and for generating a copious and stable foam level, and
`because of the convenience such a combination product
`that cationic surfactants and cationic polymers are espe-
`offers to the consumer. In such a shampoo-conditioner
`cially useful for conditioning the hair. In addition, com-
`product, the anionic surfactant acts to rid the hair and 25 bining an anionic surfactant and a cationic compound in
`scalp of dirt, surface film, debris, and the like, while the
`a shampoo-conditioner composition has proven difficult
`cationic compound deposits on the hair to provide con-
`because of the inherent chemical incompatibility be-
`ditioning benefits, such as manageability, shine and
`tween the two classes ofsurfactants. Consequently, and
`texture. However, until the composition and method of
`in accordance with the present invention, it has been
`the present invention, it has proven difficult to provide 30 found that anionic surfactants can be combined with a
`a stable hair shampoo-conditioner composition because
`particular polymeric cationic conditioning compound
`of the inherent incompatibility between cationic and
`to provide a stable and effective hair shampoo-condi-
`anionic surfactants. Consequently, and in accordance
`tioner composition. The composition is sufficiently sta-
`with an important feature of the present invention, a
`ble to resist phase separation during storage and effec-
`polymeric cationic conditioning compound is incorpo- 35 tively resists an interaction between the cationic and the
`rated into a composition wherein an interaction be-
`anionic components of the composition; but, upon ap-
`tween the anionic and cationic components of the com-
`plication to the hair, sufficiently depositS a substantial
`position is essentially precluded. The hair shampoo-
`amount of the polymeric cationic conditioning com-
`conditioner composition then is utilized to cleanse the
`pound onto the hair to withstand rinsing from the hair
`hair and, simultaneously, to impart conditioning proper- 40 during the shampooing and rinsing process.
`ties to the hair. In addition, the composition generates a
`More particularly, it has been found that a polymeric
`copious and stable foam level that usually is demon-
`cationic conditioning compound having the formula:
`strated only by a hair shampoo composition absent a
`conditioning compound.
`Therefore, the need for an effective and stable sham- 45
`poo-conditioner composition that cleanses the hair and
`conditions the hair, i.e., renders the hair more manage(cid:173)
`able, in a single hair treatment has long been recognized
`in the art. Accordingly, although conditioning compo(cid:173)
`sitions for application to previously-shampooed hair are so
`well known, only recently have shampoo-conditioner
`compositions become available. For example, some
`shampoo-conditioner compositions are specially formu(cid:173)
`lated for mildness, and accordingly low detergency, in
`order to leave a portion of the natural oils on the hair 55
`shaft. However, hair treated with this type of composi(cid:173)
`tion becomes greasy, dirty looking and dirty feeling
`relatively quickly.
`Another type of shampoo-conditioner composition
`includes an oily component, such as a polyglycol, a 60
`glycol ester of a fatty acid, a natural or synthetic wax or
`a lanolin derivative, that is deposited on th~ hair during
`shampooing. However, the oily nature of such compo(cid:173)
`nents reduces shampoo lathering and contributes to the
`feeling of greasy, dirty hair relatively soon after sham- 65
`pooing. Another type of shampoo-conditioner composi(cid:173)
`tion includes a substantive cationic polymer that depos-
`its on the hair shaft during shampooing to impart the
`
`wherein n is a number in the range of from two to about
`1000, and preferably from two to about SOO; m is a
`number in the range of from one to about 18; and p and
`r are numbers in the range of from one to about four,
`when incorporated into a shampoo composition includ(cid:173)
`ing a nonsubstantive anionic cleansing surfactant, pro(cid:173)
`vides a hair shampoo-conditioner composition that gen(cid:173)
`erates a copious and stable foam level and thoroughly
`cleanses the hair, in addition to depositing a sufficient
`amount of the cationic polymer onto the hair to condi(cid:173)
`tion the hair without demonstrating a greasy feeling.
`Such results are unexpected in the art because anionic
`surfactants, as a class, often are incompatible with a
`cationic polymer, and, if compatible, demonstrate a
`substantially reduced ability to generate foam. There(cid:173)
`fore, the compatibility demonstrated by the combina(cid:173)
`tion of the anionic cleansing surfactant and the cationic·
`conditioning polymer utilized in the present invention is
`both new and surprising, thereby permitting sufficient
`deposition of the substantive cationic conditioning com-
`
`6
`
`

`

`5,137,715
`
`5
`6
`small, equimolar amounts of an anionic surfactant and a
`pound onto the hair, while the anionic cleansing surfac-
`monomeric quaternary ammonium surfactant are in-
`tant generates a consumer-acceptable foam level and
`eluded in a hair shampoo based primarily on amphoteric
`shampoos the hair.
`Overall, cationic compounds, such as cationic surfac-
`·and nonionic surfactants. Amphoteric and nonionic
`tants and cationic polymers, are known to be substan- 5 surfactants are mild detergents and are compatible with
`cationic surfactants, but are not as effective in generat-
`tive to human hair and traditionally are used to com-
`plete the hair cleansing and hair conditioning cycle.
`ing foam or in cleansing the hair as anionic surfactants.
`The ability of a cationic compound to interact with the
`Similarly, Anguilla et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 3,816,616,
`keratinous material of hair makes cationic compounds
`discloses the use of a guar gum-based cationic polymer
`the most widely used compounds to impart the desired 10 in an anionic surfactant-based shampoo to provide a
`physical and cosmetic conditioning properties, such as
`combination hair shampoo-conditioner composition.
`wet hair detangling and dry hair manageability, to hair.
`The compositions disclosed by Anguilla et al. were
`Most commonly, the cationic compounds are applied to
`found to clean efficiently but are inefficient in imparting
`freshly shampooed and rinsed hair from a post-shampoo
`conditioning properties to the hair.
`conditioning rinse. More recently, investigators have 15 Gerstein, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,990,991, discloses a hair
`incorporated the cationic compound into anionic sur-
`shampoo-conditioner composition comprising major
`factant-based hair shampoos by carefully balancing the
`amounts of an amphoteric surfactant and an ethoxylated
`composition components to reduce or avoid an interac-
`or propoxylated cryptoanionic surfactant, with a minor
`tion between the cationic compounds and the anionic
`amount of a cationic surfactant or cationic polymer.
`surfactants.
`20 U.S. Pat. No. 4,061,602 to Oberstar et al. discloses a
`Cationic compounds that have been incorporated
`conditioning shampoo composition, comprising an am-
`into anionic hair shampoo compositions include, for
`photeric surfactant, an anionic surfactant and a cationic
`example, water-soluble proteins or protein degradation
`derivative of a naturally-occurring polymer, that cleans
`products, or polycationic polymers, such as the amino
`and imparts conditioning properties to the hair. Koehler
`polycarbamide resins of the type described in DE-OS 25 et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,273,760 discloses a hair condi-
`tioning shampoo including a cationic polymer, an ani-
`No. 21 50 899; polycationic cellulose derivatives of the
`type described in U.S. Pat. No." 3,816,616; or polyca-
`onic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant that conditions
`tionic guar derivatives of the type described in U.S. Pat.
`and cleanses the hair
`No. 4,292,212. Many other water-soluble polymers con-
`Barker in U.S. Pat. No. 4,247,538 discloses a condi-
`taining cationic or quaternary ammonium groups have 30 tioning shampoo comprising an amphoteric surfactant
`been proposed for use in an anionic surfactant-based
`base, a cationic surfactant and an anionic macrocolloid
`hair shampoo. However, even though particular cati-
`polymer. Cseh, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,676,978, discloses a
`onic compounds, especially particular cationic poly-
`conditioning shampoo that includes a polycationic guar
`mers, are compatible with anionic surfactants, a disad-
`derivative, a hardenable cationic polycondensation
`vantage common to all cationic hair conditioning com- 35 product, a nonionic surfactant, and a film-forming poly-
`pounds is that at least a partially-reduced conditioning
`mer in an anionic surfactant-based shampoo. Scandel, in
`effect and a substantially-reduced foam generating abil-
`U.S. Pat. No. 4,832,872, teaches a hair shampoo-condi-
`ity is observed when the cationic compound is included
`tioner including an anionic surfactant, a conditioning
`in an anionic surfactant-based hair shampoo. In con-
`amine oxide, and a conditioning cationic quaternary
`trast, and as will be demonstrated more fully hereinaf- 40 polymer.
`ter, the hair shampoo-conditioner compositions of the
`Homma et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 4,381,259, disclose a
`present invention generate a copious and stable foam,
`hair shampoo-conditioner composition comprising a
`effectively cleanse the hair and impart conditioning
`surfactant effective for washing hair, an anionic phos-
`properties to hair equivalent to properties imparted by a
`phoric acid ester surfactant and a cationic polymer.
`post-shampoo conditioner composition.
`·
`45 Specifically, Homma et al. disclose, at column 4, lines
`Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a
`37-39, that a suitable cationic polymer is a copolymer of
`hair shampoo-conditioner composition, including a
`adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropylene dieth-
`nonsubstantive and high-foaming anionic cleansing sur-
`ylenetriamine. This polymer differs from the polymer
`factant and a polymeric conditioning compound, that
`utilized in the present invention in that a nitrogen atom
`simultaneously cleanses the hair and imparts desirable SO of the diethylenetriamine is substituted with a propylene
`physical and cosmetic properties to the hair. By treating
`moiety including a hydroxy substituent and a dimethyl-
`the hair with the shampoo-conditioner composition of
`amino substituent. The copolymer utilized in the pres-
`the present invention, the hair is easily-combed when
`ent invention does not include a substituent on a nitro-
`wet and the hair possesses satisfactory cosmetic proper-
`gen atom of the polyamine. Further, the composition
`ties when dry, including, in particular, elasticity, body, 55 and method of the present invention do not require an
`anionic phosphate ester surfactant to generate a sum-
`sheen and manageability. In contrast to the prior art,
`cient foam volume, to cleanse the hair or to impart
`wherein cationic polymers were blended primarily with
`amphoteric surfactants, the hair shampoo-conditioner
`conditioning properties to the hair.
`composition of the present invention includes a particu-
`The following additional patents and publications
`lar polymeric conditioning compound to condition the 60 also are directed to hair shampoo-conditioner composi-
`hair and an anionic surfactant to cleanse the hair. In
`tions and compounds used in hair shampoo-conditioner
`addition, the stability and incompatibility problems
`compositions: A. Hunting, "The Function of Polymers
`normally encountered when a cationic compound and
`in Shampoos and Conditioners", Cosmet. Toiletries,
`anionic surfactant are present in the same composition
`99(6), 57-60, 1984; Coney, U.S. Pat; No. 3,793,210;
`have been overcome.
`65 Olson, Jr. et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,697,452; Hewitt, U.S.
`Previous attempts ~o provide a combination sham-
`Pat. Nos. 3,755,559, 3,849,348 and 3,642,577; Tarasov et
`poe-conditioner composition include the disclosure of
`al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,996,146; Birkofer, U.S. Pat. No.
`Goff in U.S. Pat. No. 2,950,255, wherein relatively
`3,926,840; Barker U.S. Pat. No. 3,668,136. The prior art
`
`7
`
`

`

`5,137,715
`
`8
`anionic cleansing surfactant and a polymeric condition(cid:173)
`ing compound having the general structural formula (1):
`
`(I)
`
`7
`teaching that an amphoteric detergent is necessary in a
`shampoo-conditioner composition is exemplified by the
`following patents directed to conditioning shampoos
`U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,313,734; 3,962,418; 2,999,069;
`3,055,836; 3,996,146; 4,009,256 and 3,400,198. These 5
`patents, and others, teach the necessity of including an
`amphoteric or polar nonionic component in the compo(cid:173)
`sition to achieve compatibility between the cationic
`conditioning compound and the remaining components
`of the shampoo formulation.
`Forestier et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 4,866,159, disclose
`the use of a polyaminoamide in a skin care or a hair care
`product to filter ultraviolet radiation, and therefore to
`protect the skin or hair from harmful solar radiation.
`Forestier et al. specifically disclose a crosslinked 15
`polyaminoamide including a condensation product of a
`dicarboxylic acid and a polyamine partially substituted
`with an ultraviolet radiation absorbing moiety. The
`substituted condensation product is incorporated into a
`skin care or a hair care composition in a sufficient 20
`amount to protect the treated skin or hair from ultravio-
`let radiation. The Forestier et al. disclosure does not
`teach or suggest the use of a substantially uncrosslinked,
`unsubstituted copolymer of a dicarboxylic acid and
`polyamine as a hair-conditioning compound that does 25
`not adversely affect the ability of an anionic surfactant(cid:173)
`based composition io generate a stable and copious
`foam volume.
`As will be shown in the following detailed descrip(cid:173)
`tion of the invention, these references fail, singly or in 30
`combination, to anticipate or suggest the composition
`and method of the present invention, wherein a poly(cid:173)
`meric conditioning compound is combined with an
`anionic cleansing surfactant, at a pH of from about 2.5
`to less than 7, to provide a sufficiently stable hair sham- 35
`poo-conditioner composition that effectively, and si(cid:173)
`multaneously, generates a copious and stable foam vol(cid:173)
`ume, cleanses the hair and imparts improved condition(cid:173)
`ing properties to the hair. Surprisingly, the composition
`of the present invention is sufficiently stable to resist 40
`phase separation even though both an anionic surfactant
`and a cationic component are present in the composi(cid:173)
`tion. Furthermore, the composition demonstrates a su(cid:173)
`perior ability to generate a thick, stable lather and to
`deposit the conditioning agent on the hair without ex- 45
`hibiting an excessive build-up of the polymeric condi(cid:173)
`tioning compound on the hair shaft after repeated sham(cid:173)
`pooings.
`Therefore, and in accordance with the present inven(cid:173)
`tion, the hair is cleansed and, simultaneously, excellent 50
`hair conditioning properties are imparted to the hair by
`a method of contacting the hair with a composition
`comprising an anionic cleansing surfactant and a partic(cid:173)
`ular polymeric conditioning compound, and having a
`pH of from about 2.5 to less than 7. Consequently, the 55
`method of the present invention provides a copious and
`stable foam, and both cleanses the hair and conditions
`the hair to provide more m~ageable and esthetically(cid:173)
`pleasing hair in a single application of the shampoo-con-
`ditioner composition to the hair.
`
`10 wherein n is a number in the range of from two to about
`1000, and preferably in the range of from two to about
`500; m is a number in the range of from one to about 18;
`and p and r are numbers in the range of from one to
`about four; in a suitable carrier. Optionally, a nonionic
`surfactant, like an alkanolamide; an amphoteric surfac(cid:173)
`tant, like a betaine or a hydroxysultaine; or a combina-
`tion thereof, can be included in the composition to im(cid:173)
`prove the esthetic properties and consumer appeal of
`the composition.
`Consequently, treating the hair with single applica(cid:173)
`tion of an aqueous composition including an anionic
`cleansing surfactant, such as an alkyl ether sulfate, like
`sodium Iaury! ether sulfate; and a substantially uncross(cid:173)
`linked polymeric conditioning compound having gen(cid:173)
`eral structural formula (1), like a copolymer of adipic
`acid and diethylenetriamine, provides a copious and
`stable lather, effectively cleanses the hair and simulta(cid:173)
`neously imparts excellent wet stage and excellent dry
`stage conditioning properties to the hair. Surprisingly
`and unexpectedly, hair treated with an easy-to-apply
`shampoo-conditioner composition of the present inven-
`tion is thoroughly cleansed and exhibits improved phys(cid:173)
`ical and cosmetic properties, such as wet combing, dry
`combing, manageability, softness and body.
`Therefore, in accordance with an important feature
`of the present invention, a hair-treating composition
`that cleanses the hair and imparts improved physical
`properties and cosmetic properties to the hair in a single
`application is provided. The hair-treating composition
`comprises an anionic cleansing surfactant and a poly(cid:173)
`meric conditioning compound of general structural
`formula (I) in a suitable carrier; and, optionally, a non(cid:173)
`ionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant or a combina(cid:173)
`tion thereof. The hair shampoo-conditioner composi(cid:173)
`tion of the present invention generates a copious, stable
`foam level and is capable of cleansing the hair and im-
`parting improved physical and cosmetic conditioning
`properties to the hair over a pH range of from about 2.5
`to less than 7.
`The present invention also is directed to a method of
`treating hair comprising contacting the hair with a com(cid:173)
`position having a pH of from about 2.5 to less than 7,
`wherein the composition includes an anionic cleansing
`surfactant and a polymeric conditioning compound, like
`a copolymer of adipic acid and diethylenetriamine, in a
`suitable carrier, and, optionally, a nonionic surfactant,
`an amphoteric surfactant, or a combination thereof;
`rinsing the hair; then drying the hair, to cleanse the hair
`and simultaneously impart improved physical and cos(cid:173)
`metic conditioning properties to the hair in a single
`application of the composition.
`In accordance with another important feature of the
`present invention, a method of treating hair to yield
`cleansed and unexpectedly well-conditioned hair in(cid:173)
`cludes contacting the hair with an aqueous composition
`comprising from about 1% to about 20% by weight of
`an anionic cleansing surfactant, and from about 0.1% to
`about 2.5% by weight of a polymeric cationic condi-
`
`60
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`In brief, the present invention is directed to a compo(cid:173)
`sition imd method of simultaneously shampooing and
`conditioning hair. More particularly, the present inven- 65
`tion relates to a method of treating the hair, whereby
`the hair is cleansed and conditioned, simultaneously, by
`contacting the hair with a composition comprising an
`
`8
`
`

`

`(I)
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`The above and other objects and advantages and
`novel features of the. present invention will become
`apparent from the following detailed description of the
`preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying
`figures that show the cleansing ability and the hair con- 40
`ditioning properties imparted to shampooed hair by
`using the method and composition of the present inven(cid:173)
`tion, wherein:
`FIG. 1 is a graph of pH vs. percentage of polymeric
`ami