`
`
`
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`____________________
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`___________________
`
`INTRADO, INC.
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`911 NOTIFY, LLC
`Patent Owner
`
`___________________
`
`Case IPR2014-00505
`___________________
`
`DECLARATION OF JOHN R. MELCHER
`
`
`
`
`
`Patent No.: 6,775,356
`Filed:
`September 27, 2001
`Issued:
`August 10, 2004
`Inventors: Angelo Salvucci, Don E. Reich, Kurt E. Warner, and
`William C. Cook
`REAL-TIME INCIDENT AND RESPONSE
`INFORMATION MESSAGING INA SYSTEM FOR THE
`AUTOMATIC NOTIFICATION THAT AN EMERGENCY
`CALL HAS OCCURRED FROM A
`TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICE
`
`Title:
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 1
`
`

`

`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`
`
`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`I. 
`Introduction and Qualifications ........................................................... 1 
`II.  Materials considered ............................................................................ 8 
`III. Basis of opinions formed .................................................................... 13 
`A. 
`The Earliest Effective Filing Date and Technological
`Field of the ’356 Patent .......................................................... 13 
`The Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art ............................... 14 
`B. 
`Legal Standard for Claim Construction ................................ 15 
`C. 
`Legal Standard for Anticipation Under 35 U.S.C. § 102 ...... 16 
`D. 
`Legal Standard for Obviousness Under 35 U.S.C. § 103 ..... 16 
`E. 
`IV. Overview of Emergency Telecommunications Systems.................... 19 
`V.  U.S. Patent No. 6,775,356 .................................................................. 23 
`A.  Overview of the Prosecution of the ’356 Patent and
`Related Applications .............................................................. 23 
`B.  Overview of the ’356 Patent ................................................... 25 
`C.  Claim Construction ................................................................ 33 
`VI. Overview of the Asserted Prior-Art References ................................ 33 
`A.  Ex. 1022 - U.S. Patent No. 6,295,346 to Markowitz et
`al. ............................................................................................ 33 
`B.  Ex. 1023 - U.S. Patent No. 6,587,545 to Antonucci et al. ..... 45 
`C.  Ex. 1024 - U.S. Patent No. 6,442,241 to Tsumpes ................ 55 
`D.  Ex. 1025 - International Publication No. WO 98/27714
`to Balachandran ..................................................................... 60 
`E.  Ex. 1038 – BellSouth Technical Manual: TR 73577 ............. 64 
`F. 
`Ex. 1040 – National Emergency Number Association
`Standard: NENA-04-001 ........................................................ 64 
`G.  On of ordinary skill in the art would have looked to—
`and combined—Markowitz , Antonucci , Tsumpes,
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 2
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`Balachandran, BellSouth TR 73577, and NENA-04-001
`to design the system of the ’356 Patent. ............................... 65 
`VII.  Patentability Analysis ..................................................................... 66 
`A.  Claim 1 .................................................................................... 66 
`i. Limitation 1.1: A telephone service method within a
`telephone system that provides notification to
`identified parties that an emergency call to an
`emergency service has been made from a subscriber ........... 66 
`ii. Limitation 1.2: Receiving an alert signal indicating
`that a call has been placed to said emergency service ......... 68 
`iii. Limitation 1.3: Collecting real-time data from
`message content of said call in response to receiving
`said alert signal ...................................................................... 71 
`iv. Limitation 1.4: Said real-time data being collected
`within an interval between a time that said emergency
`call is recognized and a response is initiated ........................ 76 
`v. Limitation 1.5: Using said alert signal to fetch a
`subscriber record containing indicia corresponding to
`said identified parties from a subscriber database .............. 79 
`vi. Limitation 1.6: Activating a message response
`system in response to said indicia to thereby initiate
`notification to said identified parties that a call to said
`emergency service has been made from a subscriber
`identified by said alert signal, said notification
`including a message comprised of at least part of said
`real-time data ......................................................................... 83 
`B.  Claim 2 .................................................................................... 88 
`i. Limitation 2.1: The method in accordance with claim
`1 further characterized by ..................................................... 88 
`ii. Limitation 2.2: Creating subscriber data packets
`from subscriber data collected from subscribers as part
`of said telephone service; each of said subscriber data
`packets including a subscriber unique identifying
`information ............................................................................. 88 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 3
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`iii. Limitation 2.3: Periodically transferring a number
`of subscriber data packets to said subscriber database ....... 90 
`iv. Limitation 2.4: Creating, in said subscriber
`database, a number of subscriber data records
`corresponding to each said subscriber unique
`identifying information .......................................................... 91 
`v. Limitation 2.5: Storing in a particular subscriber
`data record a particular subscriber unique identifying
`information, a particular address of an addressable
`notify device supplied by a particular subscriber, and
`said real-time data collected from said message content
`of said call ............................................................................... 91 
`vi. Limitation 2.6: Fetching from said subscriber
`database memory said particular subscriber data
`record upon a condition that said particular subscriber
`unique identifying information in said particular
`subscriber data record matches said alert signal ................. 91 
`vii. Limitation 2.7: Utilizing said address of said
`particular addressable notify device, obtained from
`said particular subscriber data record, to activate said
`message response system to thereby send a message to
`said particular addressable notify device ............................. 92 
`C.  Claim 3 .................................................................................... 92 
`i. Limitation 3.1: The method in accordance with claim
`1 ............................................................................................... 92 
`ii. Limitation 3.2: wherein said subscriber record
`includes the subscriber’s telephone number, a list of
`subscriber-supplied notify number(s), and a field that
`identifies said subscriber’s telephone number as a
`wireline or wireless telephone number ................................. 92 
`D.  Claim 4 .................................................................................... 94 
`i. Limitation 4.1: The method in accordance with claim
`2 ............................................................................................... 94 
`ii. Limitation 4.2: wherein said subscriber record
`includes the subscriber’s telephone number, a list of
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 4
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`subscriber-supplied notify number(s), and a field that
`identifies said subscriber’s telephone number as a
`wireline or wireless telephone number ................................. 94 
`E.  Claim 5 .................................................................................... 94 
`i. Limitation 5.1: The method in accordance with claim
`1 further characterized by ..................................................... 94 
`ii. Limitation 5.2: Receiving, in addition to said alert
`signal, said collected real-time data from message
`content of said call .................................................................. 94 
`iii. Limitation 5.3: Composing a notify message
`comprised of a calling phone number derived from said
`alert signal and said real-time .............................................. 95 
`Claim 6 .................................................................................... 98 
`i. Limitation 6.1: The method in accordance with claim
`5 ............................................................................................... 98 
`ii. Limitation 6.2: wherein said additional information
`includes the time, date, subscriber name and
`subscriber location from a location system for wireless
`calls ......................................................................................... 98 
`G.  Claim 7 .................................................................................. 100 
`i. Limitation 7.1: The method in accordance with claim
`5 further characterized by ................................................... 101 
`ii. Limitation 7.2: Receiving, in addition to said alert
`signal, associated data from a location system ................... 101 
`iii. Limitation 7.3: Composing a notify message
`comprised of a calling phone number derived from said
`alert signal, additional information derived from data
`sources including said location system, and said real-
`time data collected from said message content of said
`call ......................................................................................... 102 
`H.  Claim 8 .................................................................................. 103 
`i. Limitation 8.1: The method in accordance with claim
`7 ............................................................................................. 103 
`
`F. 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 5
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`ii. Limitation 8.2: wherein said additional information
`includes the time, date, subscriber name and
`subscriber location obtained from a location system for
`wireless calls ......................................................................... 104 
`Claim 9 .................................................................................. 104 
`i. Limitation 9.1: In a telephone system an apparatus
`comprising ............................................................................ 108 
`ii. Limitation 9.2: An alert signal generated in response
`to recognition that a call has been placed to an
`emergency service ................................................................ 108 
`iii. Limitation 9.3: A computer connected to said alert
`signal ..................................................................................... 108 
`iv. Limitation 9.4: A process in said computer that
`collects real-time data from message content of said
`call in response to receiving said alert signal ..................... 108 
`v. Limitation 9.5: Said real-time data being collected
`within an interval between a time that said alert signal
`is received and a response to said call is initiated ............. 108 
`vi. Limitation 9.6: A message response system
`connected to said computer .................................................. 108 
`vii. Limitation 9.7: A subscriber database connected to
`said computer, said subscriber database having a
`number of subscriber records stored therein ...................... 109 
`viii. Limitation 9.8: At least one subscriber record
`identifying an associated subscriber’s subscription to
`an emergency call notification feature, a subscriber
`unique identifying information and subscriber supplied
`information including one or more telephone numbers
`to be notified ......................................................................... 109 
`ix. Limitation 9.9: A process in said computer capable
`of interacting with said message response system and
`said subscriber database, a subscriber record being
`fetched by said process from said subscriber database
`in response to receipt of unique identifying information
`from said location system that matches an unique
`
`I. 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 6
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`identifying information stored in said subscriber
`database ................................................................................ 109 
`x. Limitation 9.10: A notify message being sent by said
`message response system, in response to said process,
`to notify numbers stored in said one subscriber record,
`said notify message comprised of said calling phone
`number, said real-time data collected from said
`message content of said call and additional information
`supplied by said computer independent of said
`subscriber supplied information .......................................... 110 
`Claim 10 ................................................................................ 110 
`i. Limitation 10.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 9 ................................................................................... 110 
`ii. Limitation 10.2: wherein said additional information
`includes the time, date, subscriber name and
`subscriber location of said call obtained from a location
`system for wireless calls ...................................................... 110 
`K.  Claim 11 ................................................................................ 110 
`i. Limitation 11.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 9 ................................................................................... 110 
`ii. Limitation 11.2: wherein said subscriber record
`includes the subscriber’s telephone number, a list of
`subscriber-supplied notify number(s), and a field that
`identifies said subscriber’ telephone number as a
`wireline or wireless telephone number ............................... 111 
`Claim 12 ................................................................................ 111 
`i. Limitation 12.1: A telephone service method within a
`telephone system that provides notification to
`identified parties that an emergency call to an
`emergency service has been made from a subscriber,
`the improvement characterized by ...................................... 114 
`ii. Limitation 12.2: receiving an alert signal indicating
`that a call has been placed to said emergency service ....... 114 
`
`J. 
`
`L. 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 7
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`iii. Limitation 12.3: collecting real-time data from
`message content of said call in response to receiving
`said alert signal .................................................................... 114 
`iv. Limitation 12.4: said real-time data being collected
`within an interval between a time that said emergency
`call is recognized and a response is initiated ...................... 115 
`v. Limitation 12.5: using said alert signal to fetch a
`subscriber record containing indicia corresponding to
`said identified parties from a subscriber database ............ 115 
`vi. Limitation 12.6: activating a message response
`system in response to said indicia to thereby initiate
`notification to said identified parties that a call to said
`emergency service has been made from a subscriber
`identified by said alert signal .............................................. 115 
`vii. Limitation 12.7: receiving, in addition to said alert
`signal, said collected real-time data from message
`content of said call ................................................................ 115 
`viii. Limitation 12.8: composing a notify message
`comprised of a calling phone number derived from said
`alert signal, said real-time data and additional
`information derived from data sources ............................... 115 
`ix. Limitation 12.9: said associated data including the
`number of a Public Service Answering Point (PSAP) to
`which the emergency call was routed ................................. 115 
`x. Limitation 12.10: presenting to an answering
`notified party an option of placing a call to an
`information telephone station, the ANI of which being
`stored in said subscriber record as said additional
`information ........................................................................... 120 
`xi. Limitation 12.11: placing a call to the information
`telephone station using said ANI obtained from said
`subscriber record, upon a condition that a notified
`party invokes said option ..................................................... 122 
`xii. Limitation 12.12: transferring said notified party to
`said information number ..................................................... 122 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 8
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`M.  Claim 13 ................................................................................ 122 
`i. Limitation 13.1: In a telephone system, an apparatus
`comprising ............................................................................ 126 
`ii. Limitation 13.2: an alert signal generated in
`response to recognition that a call has been placed to
`an emergency service ........................................................... 126 
`iii. Limitation 13.3: a computer connected to said alert
`signal ..................................................................................... 126 
`iv. Limitation 13.4: a process in said computer that
`collects real-time data from message content of said
`call in response to receiving said alert signal ..................... 126 
`v. Limitation 13.5: said real-time data being collected
`within an interval between a time that said alert signal
`is received and a response to said call is initiated ............. 126 
`vi. Limitation 13.6: a message response system
`connected to said computer .................................................. 126 
`vii. Limitation 13.7: a subscriber database connected to
`said computer, said subscriber database having a
`number of subscriber records stored therein ...................... 126 
`viii. Limitation 13.8: at least one subscriber record
`identifying an associated subscriber's subscription to
`an emergency call notification feature, a subscriber
`unique identifying information and subscriber supplied
`information including one or more telephone numbers
`to be notified ......................................................................... 126 
`ix. Limitation 13.9: a process in said computer capable
`of interacting with said message response system and
`said subscriber database, a subscriber record being
`fetched by said process from said subscriber database
`in response to receipt of unique identifying information
`that matches an unique identifying information stored
`in said subscriber database ................................................. 127 
`x. Limitation 13.10: a notify message being sent by said
`message response system, in response to said process,
`to notify numbers stored in said one subscriber record,
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 9
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`said notify message comprised of said calling phone
`number, said real-time data collected from said
`message content of said call and additional information
`supplied by said computer independent of said
`subscriber supplied information .......................................... 127 
`xi. Limitation 13.11: a storage element in said
`subscriber record in which an ANI of the number of a
`Public Service Answering Point (PSAP) to which the
`emergency call was routed is stored .................................... 127 
`xii. Limitation 13.12: wherein said process presents to
`an answering notified party an option of receiving said
`real-time data collected from said message content of
`said call, a reference to which being stored in said
`subscriber record as said additional information ............... 127 
`N.  Claim 14 ................................................................................ 128 
`i. Limitation 14.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 11 wherein .................................................................. 128 
`ii. Limitation 14.2: responsive to a notified party
`invoking said option, placing a call to the information
`telephone station using said ANI obtained from said
`subscriber record, and transferring said notified party
`to said information number ................................................. 128 
`O.  Claim 15 ................................................................................ 128 
`i. Limitation 15.1: A telephone service apparatus
`within a telephone system in which an automatic
`message response system provides notification to
`identified parties that a call to an emergency service
`has been made from a subscriber number identifiable
`by unique identifying information, the improvement
`characterized by ................................................................... 131 
`ii. Limitation 15.2: A computer having stored therein
`an alert signal indicating that a call has been placed to
`said emergency service ........................................................ 131 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 10
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`iii. Limitation 15.3: A process in said computer that
`collects real-time data from message content of said
`call ......................................................................................... 132 
`iv. Limitation 15.4: Said real-time data being collected
`within an interval between a time that said alert signal
`is received and a response to said call is initiated ............. 132 
`v. Limitation 15.5: A subscriber database connected to
`said computer, said subscriber database having stored
`therein a subscriber record containing indicia
`corresponding to said identified parties .............................. 132 
`vi. Limitation 15.6: Said subscriber record being
`fetched to said computer from said subscriber database
`in response to said alert signal ............................................ 132 
`vii. Limitation 15.7: said computer having stored
`therein, in addition to said alert signal, said collected
`real-time data from message content of said call ............... 133 
`viii. Limitation 15.7: A message response system
`connected to said computer, said message response
`system being activated in response to said indicia to
`thereby initiate notification to said identified parties
`that a call to said emergency service has been made
`from a subscriber number identified by said alert
`signal said notify message being comprised of a calling
`phone number derived from said alert signal and said
`collected real-time data ........................................................ 133 
`Claim 16 ................................................................................ 133 
`i. Limitation 16.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 15 further characterized by ....................................... 135 
`ii. Limitation 16.2: Said subscriber database having
`stored therein subscriber data packets containing
`subscriber data collected from subscribers as part of
`said telephone service .......................................................... 136 
`iii. Limitation 16.3: Each of said subscriber data
`packets including a subscriber unique identifying
`information ........................................................................... 136 
`
`P. 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 11
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`iv. Limitation 16.4: Said subscriber database
`containing a number of subscriber data records
`corresponding to each said subscriber unique
`identifying information ........................................................ 136 
`v. Limitation 16.5: A particular subscriber data record
`having stored therein a particular subscriber unique
`identifying information, and a particular address of an
`addressable notify device supplied by a particular
`subscriber ............................................................................. 136 
`vi. Limitation 16.6: Said computer having stored
`therein a particular subscriber data record fetched
`from said subscriber database upon a condition that
`said particular subscriber unique identifying
`information in said particular subscriber data record
`matches said alert signal ..................................................... 136 
`vii. Limitation 16.7: Said indicia contained in said
`subscriber record being said address of said particular
`addressable notify device, obtained from said
`particular subscriber data record ........................................ 137 
`Q.  Claim 17 ................................................................................ 137 
`i. Limitation 17.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 15 wherein said emergency service includes a
`Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) connected to
`said location database, the improvement further
`characterized by ................................................................... 137 
`ii. Limitation 17.2: A data path between said PSAP and
`said computer ....................................................................... 138 
`iii. Limitation 17.3: Said alert signal being transferred
`from said PSAP over said data path between said
`PSAP and said computer in response to a call placed to
`said PSAP ............................................................................. 139 
`R.  Claim 18 ................................................................................ 140 
`i. Limitation 18.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 17 ................................................................................. 140 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 12
`
`

`

`S. 
`
`T. 
`
`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`ii. Limitation 18.2: wherein said subscriber record
`includes the subscriber’s telephone number, a list of
`subscriber-supplied notify number(s), and one or more
`of the subscriber’s name and location, an account
`status, subscriber-supplied Internet addresses, an
`information line associated with a Public Safety
`Answering Point (PSAP) servicing the subscriber’s
`telephone number, a language choice, a call later tag
`and a security code ............................................................... 140 
`Claim 19 ................................................................................ 144 
`i. Limitation 19.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 15 further characterized by ....................................... 144 
`ii. Limitation 19.2: Said computer having stored
`therein, in addition to said alert signal, associated data
`received from a location system .......................................... 145 
`iii. Limitation 19.3: Said notify message comprised of a
`calling phone number derived from said alert signal
`and additional information derived from data sources
`including said location system ............................................. 145 
`Claim 20 ................................................................................ 145 
`i. Limitation 20.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 19 ................................................................................. 145 
`ii. Limitation 20.2: wherein said additional information
`includes the time, date, subscriber name and
`subscriber location obtained from a location system for
`wireless calls ......................................................................... 145 
`U.  Claim 21 ................................................................................ 145 
`i. Limitation 21.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 17 further characterized by ....................................... 146 
`ii. Limitation 21.2: a location system .................................. 146 
`iii. Limitation 21.3: Said computer having stored
`therein, in addition to said alert signal, associated data
`received from said location system ...................................... 146 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 13
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`iv. Limitation 21.4: Said notify message comprised of a
`calling phone number derived from said alert signal
`and additional information derived from data sources
`including said location system ............................................. 146 
`V.  Claim 22 ................................................................................ 146 
`i. Limitation 22.1: The apparatus in accordance with
`claim 21 ................................................................................. 146 
`ii. Limitation 22.2: wherein said additional information
`includes the time, date, subscriber name and
`subscriber location obtained from a location system for
`wireless calls ......................................................................... 146 
`W.  Claim 23 ................................................................................ 147 
`i. Limitation 23.1: In a telecommunications network
`including an emergency call center that detects an
`emergency call and a notify component, a method
`comprising ............................................................................ 147 
`ii. Limitation 23.2: A. Using said notify component to
`search an emergency response database resulting in
`additional associated information ....................................... 147 
`iii. Limitation 23.3: B. Transferring said additional
`associated information from said emergency response
`database to an emergency call notification service
`subscriber database ............................................................. 148 
`iv. Limitation 23.4: C. Incorporating said additional
`associated information into an outgoing notify message ... 149 
`v. Limitation 23.5: said additional associated
`information of step A including real-time incident and
`response information that is collected within an
`interval between a time that an emergency call is
`detected by said emergency call center and a time that
`said additional associated information is incorporated
`into an outgoing notify message in step C .......................... 150 
`X.  Claim 24 ................................................................................ 151 
`i. Limitation 24.1: The method of claim 23 ......................... 151 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 14
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`ii. Limitation 24.2: wherein said additional associated
`information is obtained from a voice-recording device ....... 151 
`Y.  Claim 25 ................................................................................ 154 
`i. Limitation 25.1: The method of claim 23 ......................... 154 
`ii. Limitation 25.2: wherein said additional associated
`information is obtained from at least one of a computer
`assisted dispatch device and an Automatic Crash
`Notification database ........................................................... 154 
`Claim 26 ................................................................................ 156 
`i. Limitation 26.1: In a telecommunications system
`having at least one subscriber device in a telephone
`network, a method of notifying at least one designated
`telephone number that an emergency telephone call
`has been made from the subscriber device, comprising
`steps of .................................................................................. 156 
`ii. Limitation 26.2: A. recognizing an emergency call
`initiated from said subscriber device at a detection
`point along a network path within said telephone
`network ................................................................................. 157 
`iii. Limitation 26.3: B. generating additional
`information including real-time incident and response
`information, said real-time data being collected within
`an interval between a time that said alert signal is
`received and a response to said call is initiated ................. 157 
`iv. Limitation 26.4: C. associating said emergency call
`with said additional information separate from
`information in said emergency call ..................................... 158 
`v. Limitation 26.5: D. automatically sending a message
`to an addressable communications device designated
`by said subscriber, said message including said
`additional information ......................................................... 158 
`AA.  Claim 27 ................................................................................ 158 
`i. Limitation 27.1: The method of claim 26 ......................... 158 
`
`Z. 
`
`
`
`
`
`Intrado Ex. 1026 - 15
`
`

`

`
`
`Melcher Declaration
`
`IPR2014-00505
`Patent 6,775,356
`ii. Limitation 27.2: wherein said real-time incident and
`response information includes the