Paper No. __________
`Filed: _____________
`
`Filed on behalf of: Fidelity National Information Services
`
`By:
`
`Erika Harmon Arner
`Darren M. Jiron
`
`Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, LLP
`Two Freedom Square
`11955 Freedom Drive
`Reston, VA 20190-5675
`Tel.: 571.203.2700
`Email: erika.arner@finnegan.com
`Email: darren.jiron@finnegan.com
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`_____________________________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`_____________________________
`
`Fidelity National Information Services
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`DataTreasury Corporation
`Patent Owner
`
`_____________________________
`
`Patent No. 5,910,988
`
`_____________________________
`
`DECLARATION OF STEPHEN GRAY
`
`Page 1 of 1299
`
`FIS Exhibit 1004
`
`

`

`Table of Contents
`
`I.(cid:3)
`
`II.(cid:3)
`
`INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1(cid:3)
`
`QUALIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................1(cid:3)
`
`III.(cid:3) MATERIALS REVIEWED .................................................................................................4(cid:3)
`
`IV.(cid:3)
`
`V.(cid:3)
`
`VI.(cid:3)
`
`PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART ...............................................................5(cid:3)
`
`LEGAL STANDARDS .......................................................................................................6(cid:3)
`
`OVERVIEW OF THE ’988 PATENT .................................................................................7(cid:3)
`
`A.(cid:3)
`
`B.(cid:3)
`
`Two-Tiered Claims (Claims 1 and 26) ..................................................................11(cid:3)
`
`Three-Tiered Claims (Claims 42, 46, 84, 88, 93, 97, 103, 106, 110, 114,
`118, and 121) .........................................................................................................12(cid:3)
`
`VII.(cid:3) CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ...............................................................................................13(cid:3)
`
`A.(cid:3)
`
`B.(cid:3)
`
`C.(cid:3)
`
`D.(cid:3)
`
`E.(cid:3)
`
`Encrypt ...................................................................................................................14(cid:3)
`
`Tiered Manner / Tiered Architecture .....................................................................17(cid:3)
`
`Communication Network .......................................................................................19(cid:3)
`
`Local Area Network / LAN ...................................................................................21(cid:3)
`
`Wide Area Network / WAN ..................................................................................23(cid:3)
`
`VIII.(cid:3) MOTIVATION TO COMBINE REFERENCES ..............................................................25(cid:3)
`
`A.(cid:3)
`
`B.(cid:3)
`
`C.(cid:3)
`
`D.(cid:3)
`
`E.(cid:3)
`
`F.(cid:3)
`
`G.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Internetworking LANs........................................................26(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and IBM.....................................................................................30(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Golden ................................................................................33(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Liu.......................................................................................36(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Shyu ....................................................................................37(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Froessl.................................................................................39(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Berger .................................................................................41(cid:3)
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`Page 2 of 1299
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`i
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`

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`H.(cid:3)
`
`I.(cid:3)
`
`J.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Hoffman ..............................................................................43(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Lovendusky ........................................................................45(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems and Holt .....................................................................................47(cid:3)
`
`IX.(cid:3)
`
`IMAGING SYSTEMS IN COMBINATION WITH ADDITIONAL PRIOR ART
`DISCLOSES AND RENDERS OBVIOUS CLAIMS 1, 2, 9, 11-27, 29-32, 34-53,
`55-62, AND 64-123 OF THE ’988 PATENT ....................................................................49(cid:3)
`
`A.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination With IBM 3890 Document Processor
`Discloses or Suggests the Features of Claims 1, 2, 16, 18, 26, 51, 52, 56-
`61, and 65 ...............................................................................................................49(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`3.(cid:3)
`
`4.(cid:3)
`
`5.(cid:3)
`
`6.(cid:3)
`
`7.(cid:3)
`
`8.(cid:3)
`
`9.(cid:3)
`
`10.(cid:3)
`
`11.(cid:3)
`
`12.(cid:3)
`
`13.(cid:3)
`
`14.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 1 .......................................................................................................49(cid:3)
`
`Claim 2 .......................................................................................................52(cid:3)
`
`Claim 16 .....................................................................................................53(cid:3)
`
`Claim 18 .....................................................................................................54(cid:3)
`
`Claim 26 .....................................................................................................55(cid:3)
`
`Claim 51 .....................................................................................................59(cid:3)
`
`Claim 52 .....................................................................................................59(cid:3)
`
`Claim 56 .....................................................................................................60(cid:3)
`
`Claim 57 .....................................................................................................60(cid:3)
`
`Claim 58 .....................................................................................................61(cid:3)
`
`Claim 59 .....................................................................................................62(cid:3)
`
`Claim 60 .....................................................................................................62(cid:3)
`
`Claim 61 .....................................................................................................63(cid:3)
`
`Claim 65 .....................................................................................................64(cid:3)
`
`B.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination With IBM and Any One of Golden,
`Lovendusky, or Holt Discloses or Suggests the Features of Claims 55 and
`64............................................................................................................................64(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 55 .....................................................................................................64(cid:3)
`
`Claim 64 .....................................................................................................66(cid:3)
`
`Page 3 of 1299
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`ii
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`

`

`C.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM and Liu Discloses and
`Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 9, 11-14, and 19-21 of the ’988
`Patent......................................................................................................................67(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`3.(cid:3)
`
`4.(cid:3)
`
`5.(cid:3)
`
`6.(cid:3)
`
`7.(cid:3)
`
`8.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 9 .......................................................................................................67(cid:3)
`
`Claim 11 .....................................................................................................70(cid:3)
`
`Claim 12 .....................................................................................................71(cid:3)
`
`Claim 13 .....................................................................................................72(cid:3)
`
`Claim 14 .....................................................................................................72(cid:3)
`
`Claim 19 .....................................................................................................73(cid:3)
`
`Claim 20 .....................................................................................................76(cid:3)
`
`Claim 21 .....................................................................................................76(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM, Liu, and Shyu Discloses and
`Renders Obvious All Elements of Claim 15 of the ’988 Patent ............................77(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 15 .....................................................................................................77(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM and Froessl Discloses and
`Renders Obvious All Elements of Claim 27 of the ’988 Patent ............................78(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 27 .....................................................................................................78(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM and Internetworking LANs
`Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 17 and 29 of the
`’988 Patent .............................................................................................................80(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 17 .....................................................................................................80(cid:3)
`
`Claim 29 .....................................................................................................82(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM, Internetworking LANs, and
`Liu Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 30 and 31 of
`the ’988 Patent .......................................................................................................83(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 30 .....................................................................................................84(cid:3)
`
`Claim 31 .....................................................................................................86(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM, Internetworking LANs, Liu,
`and Shyu Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 32, 34,
`and 35 of the ’988 Patent .......................................................................................87(cid:3)
`
`D.(cid:3)
`
`E.(cid:3)
`
`F.(cid:3)
`
`G.(cid:3)
`
`H.(cid:3)
`
`Page 4 of 1299
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`iii
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`

`

`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`3.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 32 .....................................................................................................87(cid:3)
`
`Claim 34 .....................................................................................................89(cid:3)
`
`Claim 35 .....................................................................................................91(cid:3)
`
`I.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM, Internetworking LANs, and
`Golden Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 22-25, 36,
`38-41, 66-69, 84-92, 119, 120, 122, and 123 of the ’988 Patent ...........................92(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`3.(cid:3)
`
`4.(cid:3)
`
`5.(cid:3)
`
`6.(cid:3)
`
`7.(cid:3)
`
`8.(cid:3)
`
`9.(cid:3)
`
`10.(cid:3)
`
`11.(cid:3)
`
`12.(cid:3)
`
`13.(cid:3)
`
`14.(cid:3)
`
`15.(cid:3)
`
`16.(cid:3)
`
`17.(cid:3)
`
`18.(cid:3)
`
`19.(cid:3)
`
`20.(cid:3)
`
`21.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 22 .....................................................................................................93(cid:3)
`
`Claim 23 .....................................................................................................97(cid:3)
`
`Claim 24 ...................................................................................................100(cid:3)
`
`Claim 25 ...................................................................................................100(cid:3)
`
`Claim 36 ...................................................................................................102(cid:3)
`
`Claim 38 ...................................................................................................105(cid:3)
`
`Claim 39 ...................................................................................................110(cid:3)
`
`Claim 40 ...................................................................................................111(cid:3)
`
`Claim 41 ...................................................................................................113(cid:3)
`
`Claim 66 ...................................................................................................113(cid:3)
`
`Claim 67 ...................................................................................................118(cid:3)
`
`Claim 68 ...................................................................................................122(cid:3)
`
`Claim 69 ...................................................................................................127(cid:3)
`
`Claim 84 ...................................................................................................132(cid:3)
`
`Claim 85 ...................................................................................................137(cid:3)
`
`Claim 86 ...................................................................................................140(cid:3)
`
`Claim 87 ...................................................................................................141(cid:3)
`
`Claim 88 ...................................................................................................142(cid:3)
`
`Claim 89 ...................................................................................................148(cid:3)
`
`Claim 90 ...................................................................................................149(cid:3)
`
`Claim 91 ...................................................................................................151(cid:3)
`
`Page 5 of 1299
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`iv
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`

`

`22.(cid:3)
`
`23.(cid:3)
`
`24.(cid:3)
`
`25.(cid:3)
`
`26.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 92 ...................................................................................................151(cid:3)
`
`Claim 119 .................................................................................................152(cid:3)
`
`Claim 120 .................................................................................................153(cid:3)
`
`Claim 122 .................................................................................................155(cid:3)
`
`Claim 123 .................................................................................................156(cid:3)
`
`J.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM, Internetworking LANs,
`Golden, and Liu Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claim 37
`of the ’988 Patent .................................................................................................157(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 37 ...................................................................................................157(cid:3)
`
`K.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with IBM and Berger Discloses and
`Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 53 and 62 of the ’988 Patent .............160(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 53 ...................................................................................................160(cid:3)
`
`Claim 62 ...................................................................................................161(cid:3)
`
`L.(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with Golden and Internetworking LANs
`Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claims 42-50, 70-75, 78-
`83, 93-118, and 121 of the ’988 Patent ................................................................162(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`3.(cid:3)
`
`4.(cid:3)
`
`5.(cid:3)
`
`6.(cid:3)
`
`7.(cid:3)
`
`8.(cid:3)
`
`9.(cid:3)
`
`10.(cid:3)
`
`11.(cid:3)
`
`12.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 42 ...................................................................................................162(cid:3)
`
`Claim 43 ...................................................................................................167(cid:3)
`
`Claim 44 ...................................................................................................170(cid:3)
`
`Claim 45 ...................................................................................................171(cid:3)
`
`Claim 46 ...................................................................................................173(cid:3)
`
`Claim 47 ...................................................................................................178(cid:3)
`
`Claim 48 ...................................................................................................179(cid:3)
`
`Claim 49 ...................................................................................................181(cid:3)
`
`Claim 50 ...................................................................................................181(cid:3)
`
`Claim 70 ...................................................................................................182(cid:3)
`
`Claim 71 ...................................................................................................183(cid:3)
`
`Claim 72 ...................................................................................................185(cid:3)
`
`Page 6 of 1299
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`

`

`13.(cid:3)
`
`14.(cid:3)
`
`15.(cid:3)
`
`16.(cid:3)
`
`17.(cid:3)
`
`18.(cid:3)
`
`19.(cid:3)
`
`20.(cid:3)
`
`21.(cid:3)
`
`22.(cid:3)
`
`23.(cid:3)
`
`24.(cid:3)
`
`25.(cid:3)
`
`26.(cid:3)
`
`27.(cid:3)
`
`28.(cid:3)
`
`29.(cid:3)
`
`30.(cid:3)
`
`31.(cid:3)
`
`32.(cid:3)
`
`33.(cid:3)
`
`34.(cid:3)
`
`35.(cid:3)
`
`36.(cid:3)
`
`37.(cid:3)
`
`38.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 73 ...................................................................................................186(cid:3)
`
`Claim 74 ...................................................................................................187(cid:3)
`
`Claim 75 ...................................................................................................189(cid:3)
`
`Claim 78 ...................................................................................................190(cid:3)
`
`Claim 79 ...................................................................................................191(cid:3)
`
`Claim 80 ...................................................................................................192(cid:3)
`
`Claim 81 ...................................................................................................194(cid:3)
`
`Claim 82 ...................................................................................................194(cid:3)
`
`Claim 83 ...................................................................................................196(cid:3)
`
`Claim 93 ...................................................................................................198(cid:3)
`
`Claim 94 ...................................................................................................204(cid:3)
`
`Claim 95 ...................................................................................................207(cid:3)
`
`Claim 96 ...................................................................................................207(cid:3)
`
`Claim 97 ...................................................................................................209(cid:3)
`
`Claim 98 ...................................................................................................215(cid:3)
`
`Claim 99 ...................................................................................................216(cid:3)
`
`Claim 100 .................................................................................................218(cid:3)
`
`Claim 101 .................................................................................................218(cid:3)
`
`Claim 102 .................................................................................................219(cid:3)
`
`Claim 103 .................................................................................................225(cid:3)
`
`Claim 104 .................................................................................................228(cid:3)
`
`Claim 105 .................................................................................................228(cid:3)
`
`Claim 106 .................................................................................................230(cid:3)
`
`Claim 107 .................................................................................................236(cid:3)
`
`Claim 108 .................................................................................................237(cid:3)
`
`Claim 109 .................................................................................................239(cid:3)
`
`Page 7 of 1299
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`

`

`39.(cid:3)
`
`40.(cid:3)
`
`41.(cid:3)
`
`42.(cid:3)
`
`43.(cid:3)
`
`44.(cid:3)
`
`45.(cid:3)
`
`46.(cid:3)
`
`47.(cid:3)
`
`48.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 110 .................................................................................................239(cid:3)
`
`Claim 111 .................................................................................................245(cid:3)
`
`Claim 112 .................................................................................................248(cid:3)
`
`Claim 113 .................................................................................................248(cid:3)
`
`Claim 114 .................................................................................................250(cid:3)
`
`Claim 115 .................................................................................................256(cid:3)
`
`Claim 116 .................................................................................................258(cid:3)
`
`Claim 117 .................................................................................................259(cid:3)
`
`Claim 118 .................................................................................................260(cid:3)
`
`Claim 121 .................................................................................................268(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with Golden, Internetworking LANs,
`and Lovendusky Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claim
`76 of the ’988 Patent ............................................................................................275(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 76 ...................................................................................................275(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with Golden, Internetworking LANs,
`and Holt Discloses and Renders Obvious All Elements of Claim 77 of the
`’988 Patent ...........................................................................................................276(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 77 ...................................................................................................276(cid:3)
`
`Imaging Systems in Combination with Golden, and Internetworking
`LANs, and at least one of Berger or Hoffman Discloses and Renders
`Obvious All Elements of Claims 45, 50, 96, 101, 105, and 113 of the ’988
`Patent....................................................................................................................277(cid:3)
`
`1.(cid:3)
`
`2.(cid:3)
`
`3.(cid:3)
`
`4.(cid:3)
`
`5.(cid:3)
`
`6.(cid:3)
`
`Claim 45 ...................................................................................................277(cid:3)
`
`Claim 50 ...................................................................................................278(cid:3)
`
`Claim 96 ...................................................................................................279(cid:3)
`
`Claim 101 .................................................................................................280(cid:3)
`
`Claim 105 .................................................................................................282(cid:3)
`
`Claim 113 .................................................................................................283(cid:3)
`
`M.(cid:3)
`
`N.(cid:3)
`
`O.(cid:3)
`
`X.(cid:3)
`
`CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................287(cid:3)
`
`Page 8 of 1299
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`

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`Page 9 of 1299
`Page 9 of 1299
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`Viii
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`

`I, Stephen Gray, declare as follows:
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`1.
`
`I have been retained by Fidelity National Information Services (“FIS” or
`
`“Petitioner”) as an independent expert consultant in this proceeding before the United States
`
`Patent and Trademark Office.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`I am being compensated at a rate of $405/hour for my work.
`
`My compensation is in no way contingent on the nature of my findings, the
`
`presentation of my findings in testimony, or the outcome of any proceeding.
`
`4.
`
`I understand that this proceeding involves U.S. Patent No. 5,910,988 (“the ’988
`
`patent,” attached as Ex. 1001). The application for the ’988 patent was filed on August 27,
`
`1997, as U.S. Patent Application No. 08/917,761 (“the ’761 application”). The ’761 application
`
`issued as the ’988 patent on June 8, 1999.
`
`5.
`
`I have been asked to consider whether certain references disclose or suggest the
`
`features recited in the claims of the ’988 patent. My opinions are set forth below.
`
`II.
`
`QUALIFICATIONS
`
`6.
`
`I am an independent consultant. All of my opinions stated in this declaration are
`
`based on my own personal knowledge and professional judgment. In forming my opinions, I
`
`have relied on my knowledge and experience in designing, developing, and deploying digital
`
`image processing systems, distributed client/server systems, graphical user interfaces, and
`
`website platforms, and e-commerce systems, and on the documents and information referenced
`
`in this declaration.
`
`7.
`
`I am over 18 years of age and, if I am called upon to do so, I would be competent
`
`to testify as to the matters set forth herein. I have attached to this declaration a copy of my
`
`Page 10 of 1299
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`

`

`current curriculum vitae (Ex. 1025), which details my education and experience, and a list of all
`
`other cases during the previous four years in which I testified as an expert at trial or by
`
`deposition. The following provides an overview of some of my experience that is relevant to the
`
`matters set forth in this declaration.
`
`8.
`
`I graduated from California Polytechnic University in 1973 with a Bachelor’s
`
`Degree in Economics.
`
`9.
`
`Since the mid-1970s, I have designed, developed, and deployed distributed
`
`computing systems and products that operate in distributed computing environments, including
`
`image processing systems. As such, I have acquired expertise and am an expert in the areas of
`
`distributed computing architecture and design, graphical user interfaces, website platforms,
`
`eCommerce systems, image processing systems, operating systems, local area and wide area
`
`networks, and various programming languages used in the development of those systems and
`
`products. I have been employed by or retained as a consultant, including acting as a litigation
`
`consultant, for numerous companies such as Burroughs, Filenet, Fujitsu, Marriott Corporation,
`
`MCI, Northern Telecom, Olivetti, TRW, and Xerox, as well as other companies.
`
`10.
`
`As a consultant to TRW Financial Systems (TFS) in the late 1980s and early
`
`1990s, I worked on several projects that performed various aspects of image-assisted item
`
`processing. I worked on a joint project with TFS and IBM to develop a distributed remote item
`
`processing system using IBM components including Check Processing Control System (CPCS),
`
`High Performance Transaction Systems (HPTS), CIMS, and others. Also I led the design of a
`
`high performance, LAN-based image capture and statement printing subsystem using IBM
`
`system components including CPCS, Multiple Virtual Storage/Enterprise Systems Architecture
`
`(MVS/ESA) and DB2 relational database for TFS. Finally, I led the design of an image assisted,
`
`Page 11 of 1299
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`remittance processing system using IBM system components such as CPCS, MVS/ESA and
`
`Sybase relational database in a client/server architecture for TFS.
`
`11.
`
`I have developed and presented numerous public and in-house courses in
`
`computer system technology, including courses relating to applications for IBM MVS, UNIX,
`
`Linux, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, and related networking technologies. I have lectured on
`
`distributed image processing in numerous publicly offered training sessions oriented to engineers
`
`interested in maintaining their professional credentials with continuing education units.
`
`12.
`
`As my curriculum vitae shows, much of my career has been spent as a software
`
`development professional. As a software development professional, I have had numerous
`
`occasions to write, modify, analyze, and otherwise review bodies of source code. I have
`
`analyzed source code written in several variants of C, SQL, COBOL, RPG, variants of Basic,
`
`Java, Perl, several Assembler languages, and others. For example, as an individual contributor at
`
`Xerox during the mid-1980s to 1990, I evaluated the quality of source code from third party
`
`software providers for possible inclusion in the Xerox product line. Also, as another example, I
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`evaluated the source code of several application software packages for completeness and
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`maintainability for possible inclusion into the NTN product line in 2000-2001. During my early
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`career, I spent time maintaining source code written by others. In each of these assignments, I
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`analyzed the source code to identify the data structures, logical flow, algorithms and other
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`aspects.
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`13.
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`In addition, on several occasions, I have served as an expert witness where source
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`code analysis was required to render an opinion. These matters include Autobytel v. Dealix;
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`NetRatings v. Coremetrics, et al.; Ampex v. Kodak, et al.; AB Cellular v. City of Los Angeles;
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`Page 12 of 1299
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`3
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`Oracle v. Mangosoft; Harrah’s Casino v. Station’s Casino; Autobytel v. Dealix; MediaTek v.
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`Sanyo; MathWorks v. Comsol; and other matters still pending.
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`14.
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`Also, I have served as an expert witness where operating system technology was
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`an issue in the matter. These matters include SuperSpeed v. IBM; FedEx v. U.S.; MathWorks v.
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`Comsol; Ametron-American Electronic Supply v. Entin, et al; BMC Software v. Peregrine
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`Systems, Inc.; and ADV Freeman v. Boole & Babbage.
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`15.
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`I was retained as an expert witness by US Bank in the DataTreasury v. Wells
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`Fargo et al. litigation and testified during that litigation.
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`16.
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`I have testified as an expert at trial or by deposition within the preceding four
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`years, as set forth in Ex. 1025.
`
`III. MATERIALS REVIEWED
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`17.
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`In forming my opinions, I have reviewed the ’988 patent and its file history
`
`(attached as Ex. 1002), as well as the following documents:
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`(cid:120)
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`Nathan J. Muller, Computerized Document Imaging Systems: Technology and
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`Applications (Artech House, Inc. 1993) (“Imaging Systems”) (Ex. 1008);
`
`(cid:120)
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`Nathan J. Muller & Robert Davidson, Internetworking LANs: Operation, Design, and
`
`Management (Artech House, Inc. 1992) (“Internetworking LANs”) (Ex. 1011);
`
`(cid:120)
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`IBM 3890 Document Processor Application Programming (International Business
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`Machines Apr. 1985) (“IBM”) (Ex. 1009);
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,031,089 (“Liu”) (Ex. 1010);
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,774,872 (“Golden”) (Ex. 1012);
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,091,975 (“Berger”) (Ex. 1013);
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`U.S. Patent No. 3,818,187 (“Lovendusky”) (Ex. 1014);
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`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
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`4
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`Page 13 of 1299
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`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
`
`(cid:120)
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,097,517 (“Holt”) (Ex. 1015);
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,613,012 (“Hoffman”) (Ex. 1016);
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,923,792 (“Shyu”) (Ex. 1017);
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`U.S. Patent No. 5,109,439 (“Froessl”) (Ex. 1018);
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`Nathan J. Muller, “LAN Internet Helps Prudential Securities Compete,” International
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`Journal of Network Management (June 1993.) (Ex. 1028); and
`
`(cid:120)
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`Declaration of Nathan J. Muller (Ex. 1005).
`
`18.
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`All of the opinions contained in this declaration are based on the documents I
`
`reviewed and my knowledge and professional judgment. My opinions have also been guided by
`
`my appreciation of how a person of ordinary skill in the art would have understood the claims of
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`the ’988 patent at the time of the alleged invention, which I have been asked to initially consider
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`as August 27, 1997, the filing date of the ’761 application.
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`IV.
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`PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART
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`19.
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`In my opinion, the art relevant to the ’988 patent relates to networking and
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`software for business or financial activities including the transfer of document images over a
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`distributed network.
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`20.
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`I have been advised that “a person of ordinary skill in the art in the rel