(12) United States Patent
`Larson et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,051,181 B2
`*Nov. 1, 2011
`
`U8008051181B2
`
`(54) METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING SECURE
`COMMUNICATION LINK BETWEEN
`COMPUTERS OF VIRTUAL PRIVATE
`NETWORK
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Victor Larson, Fairfax, VA (US);
`Robert Dunham Short, [[1, Leesburg,
`VA (US); Edmund Colby Munger,
`Crownsville, MD (US); Michael
`Williamson, South Riding, VA (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Virnetx, Inc., Scotts Valley, CA (US)
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search .......... 709/225—229,
`709/245
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
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`
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`26,
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`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner — Krisna Lim
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — McDermott Will & Emery
`LLP
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A technique is disclosed for establishing a secure communi-
`cation link between a first computer and a second computer
`over a computer network. Initially, a secure communication
`mode ofcommunication is enabled at a first computer without
`a user entering any cryptographic information for establish-
`ing the secure communication mode of communication.
`Then, a secure communication link is established between the
`first computer and a second computer over a computer net-
`work based on the enabled secure communication mode of
`communication. The secure communication link is a virtual
`private network communication link over the computer net-
`work in which one or more data values that vary according to
`a pseudo-random sequence are inserted into each data packet.
`29 Claims, 40 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. l
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 1
`
`

`

`US 8,051,181 132
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`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 2
`
`

`

`US 8,051,181 B2
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`
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`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 3
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 3
`
`

`

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`Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 16, 2004 from corresponding U.S.
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`Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 17, 2004 fi'om corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/702,522.
`Non-Final Oflice Action dated Oct. 21, 2004 from corresponding
`U.S.App1.No.10/401,551.
`Final Office Action dated Apr. 11, 2005 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 09/429,643.
`Non-Final Oflice Action dated Jun. 3, 2005 from corresponding U.S.
`App1.No. 10/401,551.
`Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 10, 2005 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 09/429,643.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Oct. 18, 2005 from corresponding
`U.S. Appl. No. 10/259,494.
`Notice of Allowance dated Dec. 5, 2005 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 09/429,643.
`Final Office Action dated Dec. 7, 2005 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/401,551.
`
`Notice of Allowance dated Feb. 16, 2006 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/401,551.
`Notice of Allowance dated Mar. 17, 2006 from corresponding U.S.
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`Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 28, 2006 from corresponding
`U.S. Appl. No. 10/259,494.
`Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 5, 2006 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/401,551.
`Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 18, 2006 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/401,551.
`Notice of Allowance dated May 9, 2006 from corresponding U.S.
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`Non-Final Ofiice Action dated May 19, 2006 from corresponding
`U.S. Appl. No. 10/702,486.
`Non—Final Office Action dated Oct. 30, 2006 from corresponding
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`Notice of Allowance dated Nov. 21, 2006 from corresponding U.S.
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`Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 21, 2007 from corresponding
`U.S.App1. No. 10/714,849.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Jun. 15, 2007 fi'om corresponding
`U.S. Appl. No. 10/259,494.
`Notice of Allowance dated Oct. 29, 2007 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/714,849.
`Notice of Allowance dated Jan. 11, 2008 from corresponding U.S.
`App1.No. 10/259,494.
`Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 10, 2008 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/714,849.
`Notice of Allowance dated Jul. 1, 2008 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 10/259,494.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Sep. 17, 2008 from corresponding
`U.S. Appl. No. ll/839,969.
`Deposition Transcript for Gary Tomlinson dated Feb. 27, 2009.
`Non-Final Ofi‘lce Action dated Mar. 5, 2009 from corresponding U.S.
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`Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 3, 2009 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 11/839,969.
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`Appl. No. 11/839,987.
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`Appl. No. ll/839,969.
`Notice of Allowance dated Nov. 19, 2009 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. ll/839,969.
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`No. 11/839,987.
`Notice of Allowance dated Jan. 13, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 11/839,969.
`Notice of Allowance dated Jan. 28, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
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`No. ll/301,022.
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`Non-Final Oflice Action dated Jun. 7, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. ll/924,460.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Jun. 9, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. ll/924,460.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Jul. 1, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 11/839,969.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Jul. 8, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
`Appl. No. 11/839,987.
`Non-Final Office Action dated Jul. 14, 2010 from corresponding U.S.
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`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 4
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 4
`
`

`

`US 8,051,181 B2
`Page 5
`
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 10,
`2010, 9:00 AM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 10,
`2010, 1:00 PM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 11,
`2010, 9:00 AM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 11,
`2010, 1:30 PM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 12,
`2010, 9:00 AM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsofi‘ Corporation dated Mar. 12,
`2010,1215 PM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 15,
`2010, 9:00 AM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 15,
`2010,12z35 PM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 8,
`2010, 8:45 AM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 8,
`2010, 1:30 PM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsofl Corporation dated Mar. 9,
`2010, 9:00 AM.
`Trial Transcript, VirnetX vs. Microsoft Corporation dated Mar. 9,
`2010, 1:30 PM.
`European Search Report dated Jan. 24, 2011 from corresponding
`European Application No. 100119494.
`European Search Report dated Mar. 17, 2011 from corresponding
`European Application No. 101845022.
`Hollenbeck et a1., Registry Registrar Protocol (RRP) Version 1.1.0;
`Internet Engineering Task Force, 34 pages (1999).
`Notice of Allowance dated Mar. 14, 2011 from corresponding U.S.
`App1.No. 11/840,508.
`Tannenbaum, “Computer Networks,” pp. 202-219 (1996).
`Defendants’ Preliminary Joint Invalidity Contentions dated Jul. 1,
`201 1.
`Appendix B: DNS References to Defendants‘ Preliminary Joint
`Invalidity Contentions dated Jul. 1, 2011.
`Appendix A to Defendants’ Preliminary Joint Invalidity Contentions
`dated Jul. 1, 2011.
`Exhibit 1, IETF RFC 2065: Domain Name System Security Exten-
`sions; Published Jan. 1997‘ Vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 2, IETF RFC 2065: Domain Name System Security Exten-
`sions; Published Jan. 19971 Vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 3, RFC 2543‘ vs. Claims ofthe ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 4, RFC 25431 vs. Claims ofthe ’211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 5, RFC 2543‘ vs. Claims ofthe ‘504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 6, SIP Drafi v.2‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 7, SIP Drafi v.2‘ vs. Claims ofthe '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 8, SIP Draft v.2‘ vs. Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 9, H.323‘ vs. Claims ofthe ’135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 10, H.323‘ vs. Claims ofthe ‘211 Patentl.
`Exhibit 11, H.323‘ vs. Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 12, SSL 3.0‘ vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 13, SSL 3.0‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 14, SSL 3.0‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 15, RFC 2487‘ vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Claims ofthe '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 16, RFC 24871 vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 17, RFC 2487‘ vs.
`Claims ofthe '135 Patent".
`Exhibit 18, RFC 2595‘ vs.
`Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 19, RFC 2595‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 20, RFC 2595‘ vs.
`Exhibit 21, iPass‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 22, iPASS‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 23 iPASS‘ vs Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 24, “US ‘034”‘ vs. Claims of the 135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 25, US Patent No. 6,453,034 (“US '034”)‘ VS Claims ofthe
`'21 1 Pateni2
`Exhibit 26, US Patent No. 6,453,034 (“US '034”)‘ vs. Claims of the
`'504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 27, US ’287‘ vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 28, Us ‘287‘ vs. Claims ofthe '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 29, US '287‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 30, Overview ofAccess VPNs‘ vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patent}.
`
`Exhibit 3 1, Overview ofAccessVPNs‘ vs. Claims ofthe '21 1 Patent".
`Exhibit 32, Overview ofAccessVPNs‘ vs. Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 34, RFC 1928‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentl.
`Exhibit 35, RFC 1928‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 36, RFC 1928‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 37, RFC 26611 vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 38, RFC 2661‘ Vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 39, RFC 2661‘ vs Claims ofthe '504 Patentz
`Exhibit 40, SecureConnect‘ vs. Claims of the 135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 41, SecureConnect‘ vs. Claims of the '2 11 Patent2
`Exhibit 42,SecureConnectl vs. Claims ofthe '504 Patent2 .
`Exhibit 43, SFS-HTTP‘ vs. Claims of the ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 44, SFS-HTTP‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 45, SFS-HTTP‘ vs. Claims of the ’504 Patentz.
`Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 46, US '883‘ vs.
`Claims ofthe ‘211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 47, US '883‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 48, Us 883‘ vs.
`Claims of the ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 49, US '132‘ vs.
`Claims of the '21 1 Patentz.
`Exhibit 50, US '132‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 51, US ’132‘ vs.
`Claims of the ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 52, US '213‘ vs.
`Claims of the '21 1 Patentz.
`Exhibit 53, US '213‘ vs.
`Exhibit 54, US ‘213‘ vs. Claims of the ‘504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 55, B&M VPNS‘ vs. Claims of the 135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 56, B&M VPNS‘ vs Claims of the '211 Patentl
`Exhibit 57, B&M VPNs‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 58, BorderManager‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 59, BorderManager‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 60, BorderManager‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 61, Prestige 128 Plus‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 62, Prestige 128 Plus1 vs. Claims of the '21 1 Patentz.
`Exhibit 63, Prestige 128 Plus‘ vs. Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 64, RFC 2401‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 65, RFC 2401‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 66, RFC 2401‘ vs. Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 67, RFC 2486‘ vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 68, RFC 2486‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentl.
`Exhibit 69, RFC 2486‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 70, Understanding IPSec‘ vs. Claims of the‘ 13S Patent2
`Exhibit 71, Understanding IPSec‘ vs. Claims of the ‘211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 72, Understanding IPSecl vs. Claims of the ‘504 Patentz.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 73, US ‘820‘ vs.
`Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 74, US '820‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 75, US ‘820‘ vs.
`Claims of the '21 1 Patentz.
`Exhibit 76, US ‘019‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 77, US '019‘ vs.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 78, US '049‘ vs.
`Claims of the '2 11 Patentz.
`Exhibit 79, US '049‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 80, US '049‘ vs.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 81, US ‘748‘ vs.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 82, US ‘261‘ vs.
`Claims of the '21 1 Patentz.
`Exhibit 83, US ‘261‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 84, US ‘261‘ vs.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 85, US '900‘ vs.
`Claims of the '2 11 Patentz.
`Exhibit 86, US '900‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 87, US '900‘ vs.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 88, US ’671‘ vs,
`Exhibit 89, US '671‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 90, US ‘67 1‘ vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 91, JP '704‘ vs. Claims ofthe ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 92, JP '704‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 93, JP '704‘ vs. Claims of the ‘504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 94, GB ‘841‘ vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 95, GB '841‘ vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 96, GB '841‘ vs. Claims of the ‘504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 97, US '3181 vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Claims ofthe‘211Patent2.
`Exhibit 98, Us ‘318‘ vs.
`Claims ofthe '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 99, US '318‘ vs.
`Exhibit 100, VPN/VLAN‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 101, Nikkei‘ vs.
`Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 102, Nikkei‘ vs.
`Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 103, Nikkei‘ vs.
`Exhibit 104, Special Anthology‘ vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. — Exhibit 1025, p. 5
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Exhibit 1025, p. 5
`
`

`

`US 8,051,181 132
`Page 6
`
`Exhibit 105, Omronl vs. Claims of the ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 106, Gauntlet System vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 107, Gauntlet Systeml vs. Claims of the ‘151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 108, Gauntlet Systeml vs. Claims of the '180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 109, Gauntlet Systeml vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 110, Gauntlet Systeml vs Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 1 11, Gauntlet Systeml vs. Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 112,1ntraPort Systeml vs Claims of the ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 113, IntraPort Systeml vs. Claims of the '151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 114,1ntraPort Systeml vs. Claims of the '180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 115, IntraPort Systeml vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 116 IntraPort Systeml vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 117,1nt1‘aPort Systeml vs. Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 118, Altiga VPN System: vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 119, Altiga VPN System vs. Claims of the ‘151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 120, Altiga VPN Systeml vs. Claims of the ‘180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 121, Altiga VPN Systeml vs. Claims ofthe ‘2 11 Patentz.
`Exhibit 122, Altiga VPN Systeml vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 123, Altiga VPN System1 vs. Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 124, Kiuchil vs. Claims of the ‘135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 125, Kiuchil vs. Claims of the '151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 126, Kiuchil vs. Claims of the '180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 127, Kiuchil vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 128, Kiuchil vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 129, Kiuchi vs. Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 130, Overview ofAccess VPNs and Tunneling Technologies
`(“Overview")l vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 131, Overview ofAccess VPNs and Tunneling Technologies
`(“Overview")l vs. Claims of the '151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 132, Overview ofAccess VPNs and Tunneling Technologies
`(“Overview”)l vs. Claims of the ‘180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 133, Overview ofAccess VPNs and Tunneling Technologies
`(“Overview")l vs. Claims ofthe '211 Patent".
`Exhibit 134, Overview ofAccess VPNs and Tunneling Technologies
`(“Overview")l vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 135, Overview1 vs. Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 136, RFC 24011 vs. Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 137, Schulzrinne vs.
`vs. Claims of the ‘151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 138, Schulzrinnel
`. Claims of the '180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 139, Schulzrinnel vs
`Claims of the ‘2 1 1 Patentz.
`Exhibit 140, Schulzrinnel vs.
`vs Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 141, Schulzrinne'v
`Claims of the '759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 142, Schulzrinne vs
`Exhibit 143, Solana vs. Claims ofthe '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 144, Solanal vs. Claims of the '151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 145, Solanal vs. Claims of the 180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 146, Solanal vs. Claims of the '211 Patentz.
`Exhibit 147, Solanal vs. Claims of the '504 Patentz.
`Exhibit 148, Solanal vs. Claims of the ‘759 Patentz.
`Exhibit 149, Atkinson vs. Claims of the '135 Patent2
`Exhibit 150, Atkinsonl vs. Claims of the '151 Patentz.
`Exhibit 151, Atkinsonl vs Claims of the ’180 Patentz.
`Exhibit 152, Atkinson‘ vs. Claims of the '21 1 Patent2
`Exhibit 153, Atkinsonl vs. Claims of the '504 Patent2
`Exhibit 154, Atkinson‘ vs. Claims of the '759 Patent2
`Exhibit 155, Marine vs. Claims of the '135 Patentz.
`Exhibit 156, Marino vs. Claims of the '151 Paten