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`This material may be protected by Copyright law (Title 17 US. Code)
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`MOBPPMH HMHTpnn BnTanbeBnq
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`HBABHCTAHMOHAPHDPO PABPflHA HMBHOPO HABIEHMH
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`B MAPHMTHDM HOJE
`
`01.04.08 — @MBHKa n xnmna naaamu
`
`fincceprauna
`
`Ha cOncnaHne yqenon cmenenn
`
`KEHMBTS IRSMO-MBTGMETH‘IBCM Haw:
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`HBYQHHH pyxoaoznwenb —
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`Kama'r mamo-Ma'rema'rmecm HBYK
`
`noueHT @ewncoa Mropb HOHCTaHTnHOBnq
`
`Mocnna — 1994 r.
`
`|NTEL1208
`
`INTEL 1208
`
`
`
`COHEPEAHME
`
`COHEPEAHME.......... ......... . ................. . ..... . .....
`
`BBEHEHME ...................................................
`
`Pnana I. CHJLHOToqnne paapfinu Enaxoro naBneHnfi B marnnwnou
`
`none n nx ncnonbsoaanne nan renepaunn nnownon
`
`nmaauu n nHTechBHHx HOTOKOB qacwnu ........ . ......
`
`I.I
`
`axcuepnmenwanbnne nccneanaHna raaoaoro paapana
`
`HHBKOPO nanaenna B MBPHHTHOM none n HI npnuenenne
`
`B coapemenaon Texnnxe .............................
`
`1.2
`
`Meronu nonyqenna paapanos Hnsuoro nannennn'donhmon
`
`momnocrn c onnoponnon CprKTypon nmasuu ...........
`
`BHBOMIOIIIIIIOOOIVOIIOIOOII. IIIIIIII 05...... ......
`
`Pnaaa 2.
`
`Meronuxa n Texnnxa aucnepnmenwa ...................
`
`2.I
`
`ancnepnmenwanbnaa YCTBHQBKE nma nonyqenna momnux
`Kaaancwaunonapnux mopM rasoBord paapana B cxpemen-
`
`aux anexwpnqecxou n MaPHHTHOM nonax ...............
`
`2.2
`
`MMnynbcHaa aonnonaa mewonnxa onpenenenna uapauew—
`
`p03 unaBMH ........................................
`
`2.3 flnyxmonpnaa naaepnaa meronnxa onpeneuennn unownoc—
`
`TH 117183“ .........................................
`
`2.4 MMnyaLcnoe cmemenne .................... .. .........
`
`Pnana.3.
`
`OOJIBCTK cymeCTBOBBI-MH I! XBPBKTGPHCTHKK REESE-
`
`CTBHHOHBPHHX CMHGTO‘IHHX FGWOB paapnna HHSKOI‘O
`
`.IIBBJBHHH B MBI‘HHTHOM none PSQJM‘IHOH' KOEIMTYPBM. .
`
`3.1
`
`Pemm ICBEBHOTBLMOHBPHOI‘O paapiuza .................
`
`3.2 Hpmeaeme WJIBCHOX BQHJIOBOH MBTOW m
`
`onpenenem napaue'rpon DJIBBMH H HOEHHI HOTOEOB. . . .
`
`25
`
`32
`
`34
`
`34
`
`45
`
`54
`
`57
`
`59
`
`59
`
`74
`
`
`
`3.3 Onpenenenne
`
`napamewpoa
`
`nnaamu paapana meTonou
`
`nsyxmononofi nasepHon HHTBPQBPOMBTPHH..............
`
`3.4 OOcymneHne peaynLTaToa..................... ..... ..
`
`82
`
`87
`
`Pfl8B8.4.
`
`amnccnonnue
`
`n
`
`pBCflHflHTeflLHHe'
`
`xapaxwepncwnxn
`
`cnanOToqaux EDPM KBBBHCTBHMOHBPHOPO paapana HHS-
`
`KOPO naBaeHna.....................................
`
`100
`
`4.I OcoOeHHOCTn Ramonfioro pacnunenna B Knaancwaunonap—
`
`HOM
`
`CHJLHOTOEHOM MEPHeTpOHHOM paapane
`
`n
`
`ero
`
`nononbaoaaane B Texnonornn nmnynbcnoro pacnuaenna
`
`maTepnanoa ..... ..................... ...... .. ......
`
`100
`
`4.2 BMHOCHOHHHe cnozCTBa nmasmu cnmLHOToqnoro nnmmwa-
`
`HOPO paapana K EX HCHOMBBOBBHfie B TGIHOJOFKK;HOH-'
`
`HO-CTHMYJHPOBEHHOPO TpaBfleHHfl maTepnanoa..------..
`
`3W .....
`
`JIMTEPATYPA
`
`103””
`
`IIO
`
`III
`
`
`
`BBEm-ME.
`
`LIB-renounce nccnemBaHne paapEmOB manoro .IlaBJIeI-Infi B nonepeq-
`
`HOM mammom none 03888110 0 m: mom nonomaonamem B name'rpon—
`
`HEX yc'rponc'rBax Temonomecxoro HBBHaqemm. ycrcopn'rem rmaauu 0
`
`35mm npeflbou SJleKTpOHOB, B Kaqec'rne masmemmx am'r'repoa mm
`
`anexwpommx n .nonnnx memopom
`
`AHaJms mepaTypHHx new: nonaanBae'r, q'ro eBonc'rBa paspsma B
`nonepemom mammom none 0 38mm .npemhou snelc'rpdnon B oOnac'm
`
`uepexozxa or name'rpomoro 1333133113 0 pacwmefi Bomw—amepuon xapazc—
`
`Tepnc'rmcon K mommy paapsmy upaxmecm He nayquH. O'rcy-rc'rBym
`
`OOOCHOBSHHHB Bucnepmaem'anbnne n Teopemecme name, noaaommme
`
`onpenem'rbv
`
`npegzemnue pexmu mame'rpomtoro
`
`paapmza
`
`B Kowopux
`
`thymumompye'r OOJIHIMHOTBO Temonomecm ycwpofic'm... EccnenoBaIme
`
`mom}: mascara paapsmoB, ucnomayemx mm ' renepam rmo'mon'
`
`omiopomon IIJIB'BMH, yKBBHBae'r Ha Boamomoc'rb cymec'rBOBam yc'rom-' '
`
`BHX (bopm paBpima B MBI'BMTHOM none, He nepexonfium B Icon'rparnpom—
`
`Hyn (may Hpn afiaqm'emamx Bemmmax Tone, 06mm coo'rBe'rc'rBynm
`
`MOBOH OOJIECTH BOJILT-almepHOfi XBPBRTBPHCW Tam 13331381103.
`
`Hem: padom:
`
`Mccnenomsne BOJIB'r-amepfinx xapax'repncm n oOJIac'ren cymec'rBo-
`
`Beam cmno'roqnux (Input KBaBnc'razmonapBoro paapana manoro namem
`
`B mam-max 110.1151 paammuofi KOqu'ypamm.
`
`Oupeneneane
`
`JIOKBJIBHHI xapax'repnc'rmc
`
`rmaamu yKaBaHBBx
`
`(bopu
`
`paapfina.
`
`Mccnenoaanne Bosnomocm BCHOJIBBOBBHES
`
`ImaBMH cmno'roqnoro
`
`1383133118 M8 renepamm mom HEBREW 001183088823 n HHTBHCKBHHI
`
`HOTOROB aapmnmx qacnm.
`
`
`
`Hayqnaa Hosnsna n HpaKTflquKafl anaqnmocrb paOOTH:
`
`B npoueoce HPOBeneHnH paOOTH Dunn nccnenoaafiu oOnaCTn cymeCT—
`
`Bananas u pengH onanowquHx QopM EBBBHCTEHKOHapHOPO paapfina fina—
`
`KOTO naBneHna B maanTHHx nonax pasnnqnon Konfimrypannn.
`
`, OOHapymeHa Hoaaa CTaOManaa mopma EBaancwaunonapHoro paapana B
`
`nonepeqnom MaPHfiTHOM none,
`
`annammaacn npomemyTquon CTannen nope—
`
`xona OT MBPHeTpOHHOPO paapana B nyPOBon (cnnbaowoqnun nnquanfln pe-
`
`mnM) n nmemmaa cnenymmne ooHOBHHe xapaxwepncrnxn: Hanpaxenne rope—
`Hnn 2100 B, Bpefia cymechosaHna no HecKoanHx mnnnncexynn, nuanaeon
`TOKOB OT ID A no 2 103 A. Hpennoera KaqeoTBeHHaa monenb, noaonam—
`
`man Boamomaun MexaHHBM BOBHHKHOBBHMH n cymecraoaanna yKaBaHHon mop-
`
`MH paapana.
`
`YCTaHOBneHo
`cymeCTBoBaHne ouanorquofi BacoxoaoanHon mopMH
`KBaancwaunoHapHoro MBPHeTpOHHOPO paapana (onnLHoToqnun marnewponnnn
`
`pexuM), omnnqammenca BHCOKHM HanpfimeHneM ropeHna (no 1200 B) B 00-
`quaHnn o Oonbmon HMOTHOCTbm KaTonHoro TONS (no 25 A/CMZ). Ennwenb—
`
`HOCTL cymeoTBOBaHna swofi mopMH paapana momeT npenumaTb 20 MO.
`
`HOKaBaHQ Bosmomfiocwb nonyquna nmaameHHHx odpasoaannn nm0THo—
`owbm no 1.5 1015 CM
`“3 B oozeme no 1000 0M3, ocecneqnaammnx omnccun
`2
`nonnoro nyqxa nmoTHOCTLm CBHme IO A/oM c oaeprnefi no I00 98.
`
`Hoxaaaaa BoamosnooTb nHTeHonBHoro HaTonHoro paanneHna n cos-
`
`nanna nowoxon qacwnn pacnnneHHoro maTepnana c Encoxofi unoTHocwbn.
`
`HonyquHHe peayanaTH nononbaoaaHH:
`
`- B Hoson nnaameHHon Texnonornn HOHHO—CTHMYflHpOBaHHOPO TpaBne—
`
`Hna n cosnannn nmaamoxnmnqecnoro peaKTopa nna YCKOpeHHOPO Tpannenna
`
`cnoea (HHD CyOMHKpOH)
`
`— B Texnonornn nmnynbonoro pacnnneuna maTepnanoa (HBO Snepro—
`
`mam r. Camapa)
`
`
`
`— 11pm Hanecemm Geanecpemm nonpu'mn Ha HeTepMoc'romme cunn—
`
`mmnmmonnne gamma nonnanpymnn nsnyqem M 00000 Tome Imam
`
`(comec'mo W 2 man "Wpem" r. Mmcx).
`
`Ha aammy momma meme nonoxem:
`
`I. Peaynb'ra'm axcnepmen'ranmmx nomenoaam cmno'rom (DOPM
`
`masnc'raunonapuoro paspsma manoro namemm B mar-1mm mom
`
`paamqnofi Kommamm: a. odnacm cymec'raonanna n pemm my: cpopu
`
`paapsuza:
`
`O. Bamcmocm BOJIL'r—amnepm xapamepncm
`
`o'r namemm, Hem mm mammoro 110m, pone Ifaaa, marepna-
`
`na anerc'rponoa, ma paapsumoro yc'rponc'rna.
`'
`B. Renee-memes monemi, mama Edam:—
`
`mm mexannau Boamonem n cymec'rBOBaHnfi cannon-om "'mImyaHofi
`
`(popun paapsuza.
`
`2.. Me'rcm mmcnofi 30111101309! mamoc'rm memoir maam.
`
`3. Peayma'ra'm nccnenosam napaue'rpoa unasm cmno'roqnoro
`
`maznc'ratmoaapaoro Mascara pema paapsma B 03360 Heonnoponnom
`
`MBI‘BHTHOM IIOJIB .
`
`Genome peayma'ra'm onycmoaann B paOo'rax [94+IO4] .
`
`
`
`-7-
`
`I'JIABA I . CWIBHOTO‘EHE PABPFHIH EMBROI‘O JIABJIEHMH B MAI'IMTHOM
`
`HOJIE
`
`H MX MCHOMOBAI—ME NIH PEIEPAW IUIOTHOM mam M
`
`WITH-[CHEM HOTOKOB BAPHJKEWX nIAC’I'MIL
`
`I .I chnepmen'ramme nccnenonarma raaoaoro paspana manor-o
`
`namerma B MBI'HMTHOM none u ero npmeHeHne B coapememiofi Texnmce.
`
`CymecTBymme 13m yc'rpofic'rn 32 0030139 paapima B cnpememmx
`
`ExH mom.
`
`Mccnenoaarme xapamepncm 1388133118 E cxpemem-m exam-pinea-
`
`KOM n mammom 110mm npnBeJIo K cosnaHmo MHoxec'rBa rasopaspammx
`
`yc'rponc'rs, Haxonamm mupoxoe npmenenne B pasmmx OOJIBCTH‘X
`
`Ham H mm. o'rmammxca HOHMypazmen E n B nonen, Benn?
`
`mo»! paspazmoro Toma, Hanpaxemm. namemaa rasa. 0 Tom apemn
`
`rrpawrmecxoro npmeHeHna Hanoonee nepcnexmnmm orcasamcs one-z 75
`
`.
`
`TeMH c Icom‘mwpaxmen nonen, ooecnemamm samymfi npem)‘ anew:
`
`Tponoa. K m many o'rnoca'rca mmecme [1,21 m mocme
`
`[3,4] mame'rpomi, aqemca Hemmra [5], HOMOmmpOBaHHHe yc'rponcTBa
`
`c mame'rporiom n nomm KaTOJIOM {6+8} , maamemme yCKopnTeJm 0
`
`38mm xomoacm TOKOM [9+II} . B MTepa'rype nccnenonam
`
`CBonc'rBa paapsmoa npaxcmecm ,zma Boex BOBMOIKHHX KOHiIMI‘ypam
`
`aKCfiaJIbHO—CMGTPH‘IHHX ExB nonen. Mccnenonalma paapsmon 0 393m—
`
`RHYTHM npeflom aneKTPOHOB HpOBOMJMCL 0 119mm EHfiCHBI-MH Bosmox
`
`Hoc'm nonyqezma no'roxa rmaam, ycxopemoro cxpememmm anex'rpn-
`
`qecm n marmn-IHM nonm, 8 THE me mamm'mon naommm means: 71
`
`nonomeonanna Tam baapanma
`
`B maamoxrmqecm peawropax
`
`[12,13] . Paspsum B nonepetmom maPHMTHOM none
`
`HBHIJIH mnpoxoe
`
`rrpmeneime mm cosnarma meow-3mm: em'r'repon n masmemmx Karo—
`
`.1108. B Kaqec'rBe masmem amn'r'repoa B Texme nonyqelma mounm
`
`I'Iy‘IKOB OOH‘IHO ncnomaaye'rca
`
`.IWI'OBOH paBpfln. KOTOPHH Homem-
`
`
`
`HGPBXOILOH na TJIBIIIIBI’O, OM81“) npn “ROM nannem, HQOOXOMOM
`
`mm nomemm BJIGKTPOHHOI'O W3 H ero TPBHOHOPTHPOBKK, 38881]:
`
`Tnenm paapnn HGBOBMOIHO, 1109130” B KB‘IGCTBS BCIIOMOI'BTGJIBHOI’O
`
`nononbaym paapan 0 3mm npemma anen'rponon,
`
`Ico'ropun aa'rem
`
`nepenomoa B monon [14,151. [Ipennpmuam'ca nonumn nenocpen—
`
`GTBeHHOI'O nonoamaonanna nom'parnpoaannoro paapana B crcpememmx
`
`ExH nonax B Kaqecie emrepa eneu'rponoa.
`
`[16] . Mcnonneonanne
`
`nnaeuemmx manages 33 ocnoBe Hexonwparnpoaannoro paepsma B mar—-
`
`mmou none Ken 3 nnocxcon TBK n B ween“ reoMe'rpnn mm
`
`couannn nonnoc'rm ynpaBnaeMHx Kommymmx annapa'roa noaaonnno
`
`coana'rb BeH'rm onocodnue KOWTEPOBaTbTOKH came 150 ;;A n nan-
`
`paxemm came 100 KB. npnqeu ooymec'mn'rb aannpannea-‘npndopa aa
`
`Bpeuena menee 50 no [17,18]. Henoc'ramom Icpocca'rpomai*annnerca
`
`?
`
`TOJIBKO Oonbmoe 2300 B nanenne Hanpnnenna Ha paspane,‘ odecneqn- -'
`
`" ”
`
`BameM Qymcnnounponanne nnaauermoro Karena. Enemy paapana c
`
`nonepeqmm mama-Hum nonem ememmo nononbaym' mm nomem
`
`menonem nommx nymon, Hanpmep mos o'rpma'renbm nonoa
`
`Bonopona [IS]
`
`Bamemmm npanmecmm npnnonenneu paapanoa B marmmmM
`
`none mange-ran coananne Harne'rponnnx cucneu pacnnnemm manepna-
`
`non, Ko'ropue ncnonbaym'ca .nnn naneoenna Tomconnenomx noxpnm
`
`[20-1-27] .
`
`CBonc'rBa paapanon B nonepeqnou Hammond none.
`
`Gornacno [28] B o'rcy'rc'rm mammoro nonn B aanncmocm o'r
`
`nasnem I! new paepannoro Tone Boeuom qe'mpe yc'ronmux
`
`ma paapana c xononmm KBTOJIOM: Tenant, 301343an 'rnemnm.
`
`3110913an Tnenm n monon.
`
`ltnanaaon Toma m Kenmore 3MB
`
`
`
`Hanpmaep mm paspsma B Ne mew mocxonapamenbmmn snemponam
`11px namem 21 Top, coc'ramm' COOTBeTCTBeHHO IO‘IQPIO‘4 A,
`10‘ +10"I A,
`IO‘I-z-IO A,
`>10 A. Haqec'rBeHHaa BomT—amepuaa
`
`xapamepncma paaana IIPGJICTBBJIBHB 38 pm: 1.1. K cmnorom
`
`(popuau omoca'rcn anouanbm memm paapim, aamanm Ben
`
`nonepxnoc'rb Kai-one n xapamepnaymmfica pac'rymen Bom'r—amepuofi
`
`xapalcrepncmon (BAX) n Jun-030m npenc'rammmn cocoa Roman-
`
`poaaxmm paapsm ' c nanamen Hour-mepnon xapax'repncmon.
`
`0030133011 mexannsu nomepxanns memero paapsma ammewca nonma—
`
`mm 9.119me ynapom B Karommm 0.7109 n snemponnaa amccna c
`
`Ica'rona, Buamaaeuaa B'ropmmon non—anen'rpormofi amccnen n (Dom-03d)—
`
`(Demon. Hamme aapsmon B KETOJIHOM cme menuero paepsma upouc—
`
`xomu' B peme nomamoc'm,
`
`npmem cxopoc'rb gamma nonon
`
`anamwenbno memme crcopoc'm anen'rpoaos, Onaronapa qemy B oOnac'm
`
`KaTOlIHOI'O npoc'rpanc'rna Bosmmae'r naoH'roqmm nonom'renmmn aapan,
`
`ROTOpHfl ncxaxae'r snempmecxcoe none. B KBTOJIHOfi oOJzacm nanae'r
`
`Oomamaa qac'rb Hanpaxem paapana, Tam Odpaaom newsman n
`
`anomaJIbHHn memnn paapsm names! paapanamn c nonomenbmm
`
`0639mm aapsmou.
`
`npn Hammm nonepeqnoro mammoro 11mm, OKOpOOTb mannem
`
`anex'rpoaon 1c anon memae'rca, q'ro upnBomT K ymeHbmeI-mn K813011-
`
`HOPO nanem n yBemem o'rplma'renhaoro upOCTPBHCTBeI-IHOPO sepa-
`
`na 136mm anona,
`
`'r.e. oopasoaamm BHpaxenHor'o anomoro 01103.
`
`Pemm paapsuxa c anénmm omen mm c o-rpnua'renbmm 06mm
`BapsmOM peamaym'ca B OCHOBHOM npn mam namemmx (p510-3
`
`Top) . Hanconee trounce nccnemaame caonc'rB paapima 0 exam
`
`omen B weaken name'rpone nponeneno B paOo'rax [29+32] .
`npn Gonee Bucom 118311811381 n 39 cmmfinom 0mm mammal: mom
`
`
`
`UIVJ
`
`2°00
`
`1500
`
`1000
`
`_ IQ _
`
`4
`
`3
`
`2
`
`IIAJ
`1300 re
`
`600 re
`
`250 PC
`
`600 UIVJ
`300
`10510—3 10 IIAJ
`
`
`Pnc.I.I BAX paapana B Ne Pnc.I.2 BAX paspana B MarHeTpOH-
`
`p=I Top.
`
`[28].
`
`HHx paanJnTeanHx CKCTBMEX.[35]
`
`A P
`
`o'ma‘ma
`
`33
`
`Pnc.I.3 Cxema MPC Ha OCHOBe
`
`nnanapnoro marHeTpona {431
`
`TefeV]
`
`a.
`
`-3
`nifm J
`
`\\\\\\\\\
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`a\
`
`5
`
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`
`2
`
`1015
`
`°/°‘
`
`’9/
`
`5
`
`4
`
`3
`
`2
`1
`
`IImAJ
`_J.____.__J______L_
`
`IfmAJ
`._l_.__.__._L.____._l__._
`
`50
`
`100
`
`150
`
`50
`
`100
`
`150
`
`Pnc.I.4 Banncnmocwu aneuwpounofi Konuenwpaunn (a) n nonfiofi unaw—
`
`HOCTH (0) OT TOKB paspana (nmaHapHHfi marHeTpon)
`
`[45]
`
`
`
`-11-
`
`peannayeTca paapan c KaTonHHM cnoeM (nonomnTenLHHM HpOCTpaHCT-
`
`BeHHHM aapanom). BKCHepMMeHTaflbHHe nccnenoaaHna paapanoa B none-
`
`peqHOM MaPHnTHOM none
`
`paBflanOfi Koqurypauun noxaaann,
`
`qTo
`
`cornacno [33,34] nan anon marHeTponnon CHCTBMH c BaMEHyTHM
`
`npefiQOM aneKTpOHOB Boan— aunepfiaa KapaKTepHCTMRB onnoHBaeTcs
`"BupameHneM Ip=RUg,
`rne Ip — TOE, Up — Hanpaxenne paapana, R,n
`(n>I)
`— BennanH,
`sanncamne OT Koncwpyxunn ychonCTBa, pona
`
`raga,
`
`naBneHna, MaPHMTHOPO Hons.
`
`B
`
`paOOTe
`
`[35}
`
`naneneHH
`
`ancnepnmeHTaanHe aaBnonMOCTu TONE OT Hanpamenna paspflna, xapax—
`
`TepHHe,
`
`no MHeHnm aBTOpOB,
`
`nun
`
`nmdon marHeTpOHHon CflCTeMH
`
`(pnc. 1.2). BunHo, QTO c pOCTOM HanpameHHOCTn MEPHMTHOPO nona,
`
`npu qwncnpoaaHHOM Tone, Hanpameune POPEHMH ymenbmaewca. ABTOPH
`
`nenamT BHBQH o npmmennmocwn monenn anonHoro onoa nan ouncaanax4
`
`axcnepnmeHTaanHx xapaKTepncwnK npn cpaBHnTeano BHOOKOM naBne—
`mm (1.5 10'1<p<8 Io‘I Top).
`
`OTKflOHeHHH OT
`
`yKaBaHHoz KaanHH BaBncnmocren Hanpamenna
`
`paapana OT Toxa HaOnmAaflHCb npn paOOTe c HBOXflamnaeMHMH KaTonaMH
`
`[36] .
`11pm mamMTHHx ROM}: 0 mymmen 013111119 2 RFC n naBJxemm
`.CBHme 3 IO'2 Top Gama nonyquH BAX paapana, rue MOHOTOHHHH pocw
`
`Hanpameana OOpHBaeTCH, npoucxonnT peBKoe ero yMeHbmeHne no ypon-
`
`H8 2200 B, nanee Up npaKanecxu He aaBnch OT Toma no Bemnqnnu
`Tone =2 A. ABTopu OOBHCHHET
`noaBneHMe
`yKaaaHHHx
`S—oOpaaHHx
`
`KapaKTepMCTHK yBennquneM KOHueHTpaunn nnaamn BCflenCTBfie nonnaa—
`
`unn paCHHJEHHHX STOMOB maTepnana Karena.
`
`Mocnenoaauna aaBnchOCTen Toxa paapana OT Bennqnfiu Hamps—
`
`meHHocwn maanTHoro Hons OTPameHH B paOOTax [37+40]. HbKaBEHO,
`
`QTO TOE paapana nnOo BOBpaCTaeT c pOOTOM HanpameHHocrn~MaanT-
`
`HOPO Hons, HBHPHMSP B paapanax B unmnnnpnqecxom marHeTpoue n B
`
`
`
`-12_
`
`KOMOmmpOBaI-H-Iofi cameras; 0 HOJIHM KaTOJIOM [37,381,
`
`JMOO 3813140111—
`
`MOCTI: Ip(H) mee'r HeBHaqmeJIbmm MBKcmyM [39,40].
`Monenb KaTonHoro cmoa Tnemmero paspana B nonepeqnom maanT-
`
`HOM Home npencraBneHa B [41]. HomaaaHo, qTo anmqeune maanTHoro
`
`HOflH yaennanaeT KaTonHoe nanenne npn maon HflOTHOCTfiX Toxa u
`
`ymeHbmaeT ero npu Gonbmnx. B peayanaTe BAX, nocwpoeHHaa B KOOp—
`mammal: UK—Zn j cmemae'rca H8 Bemmy 3/21n(I+m212) B c'ropony
`
`Oonbmnx TOKOB (w — HMEJOTPOHHEH qaCTOTa, T — BPEMH penaxcauxn
`
`BfleKTpOHa), qwo OBHaqaeT cooraeTCTBymmee yBeaneHne HOpMaflbHOfi
`
`HflOTHOCTK Tone. BHBeneHH ycnonna nonodna Karonnoro 0303 B OTOyT—
`
`CTBHe n npn Hannqnn MaPHHTHOPO noun. Teopewnqecxaa monenb paapa—
`
`na HMBKOPO naBneHna c saMKHyTHM npenmom BflBKTpOHOB, peannaym—
`
`maroon B maI'He'rpomiofi pachMTeJILHon onc'reme
`
`0 TM mm
`
`Texnonornqecxoro HPHMBHeHKH flMaHaBOHOM napamewpoa, nocwpoena B
`
`padowe [42]. HonyquH onHomepHHe pemeuna, onucunammne napaMeTpu
`
`unaamu Ha
`
`paSMKQHHx
`
`yqaCTKax paapannoro upomexyTKa:
`
`TeMHom
`
`nanaTonHom cnoe n aoHe nanaTonHoro oBequna. HOCTpoeHa meTonn—
`
`E8 pacqua BonLT—amnepfion KapaKTepHCTHKM paspana. Kpome
`
`TOPO
`
`npennomena monenb Baanmonencwnna HOTOKOB paCHHfleHHOPO BemeCTBa n
`
`padoqero rasa npnBonfimero K cnnxennm nonueHTpaunn rasa B oOnacmn
`
`KaTonHoro caeqenna n pOCTy paspannoro HanpameHna. Pacqu BAX no
`
`yxaaaHHon monenn Tax me naeT MOHOTOHHO BoapaoTammym aaBnonmooTL
`
`UP(IP) oTaOHananpymmymca Ha ypOBHe 400+600 B npn HMOTHOCTH Tone
`0.04+O.I A/CMz, qwo ynoaneTBopnTenLHo cornacyewca c axcnepnmen—
`
`TOM. B Tome BpeMH BHBHBaeT comneHne nmownooTb Toma B CTauHOHap—
`HOM pemume (no 0.3 A/CMZ), nononbayemaa aBTOpaMn nna cpaBHeHna c
`
`pacqewom.
`
`MBMepemw JIOICQJILHHX xapamepno'rm [LEBBMH OTBUJIOHBPHOI'O p83-
`
`
`
`_ 13 _
`
`p333, Taxnx Kan nmoTHOCTL nmaamu n.1 u aneKTpoanaa TemnepaTypa
`
`Te’ 3 Tamme pannaanHx pacnpenenennn 3Tnx napameTpOB 3 330333330
`cummerpnqnux CHCTeMBX nocaamen uean p33 p360? [43+45]. Hanpnmep
`
`3 unocmnx MaPHeTpOHHHX cucwemax [43,44] Guam AOCTMPHyTH HflOTHOC—
`Tn 30303 ni2IO1O+3.5 I012 CM-3 n BfleKTpOHHHe TeMHepaTypu 20+5 33
`npn nannennflx paOoqero P838 5 10‘3+2.5 Top COOTBBTCTBEHHO. Cxema
`
`axcnepnmeHTa [43] npenoTaBMeHa Ha pnc. 1.8. Bennqnna maanTHoro
`
`noun y HOBerHOCTH MBPHHTa ACCTHPana 1600 To. B KaqecTBe padoqe—
`
`r0 r333 KCHOHBBOBanCH apron npn 333neunn 2.5 ID“ +2.2 Top. 3333-
`
`Tpounaa HflOTHOCTb m TemnepaTypa namepann03 c Homombm 30333. no
`
`TORY 33 3033 oueHeHa u cxopocwb npeflma aneKTpouoa 3 HanpaBAeHnn
`
`ExH. M03333 TemnepaTypa namepanaCL c nomombm sneKTpocrawnqecxoro
`
`aHannaaTopa. Maxcnmanbnaa BfleKTpOHHafi Temnepawypa 3363m333303 3
`
`odnaCTn anMHKawmen K 00M chTeMH y HOBerHOCTH KaTona
`
`(2833).
`
`MaKchaanaH HflOTHOCTb BfleETpOHOB COCTBBflHfle 3.5 1012CM-3 n 6333
`
`opaBHnma c HOHHofi HflOTHOCTbm. OOHapyero, 3T0 3 odnaCTn HepneH-
`
`nMKyanHOCTu 3neKTpnquKoro H MEFHHTHOPO nonefi 0THomeHne npenmo—
`
`30H cxopocwn Vn K TeHflOBOH Ve OCTaeTCH HOCTOEHHOH 33033 2 u 000—
`TaBflfieT 20.05. 80330333 namepenna nouasann, 3T0 Vn27.3 106 CM/C,
`TO BCTB Ve2I.5 108 CM/C, qwo COOTBBTCTCByeT 3neKTPOHHofi TeMHepa—
`
`Type 2633. MamepeHna HOHHon Temnepawypu noxaaann, QTO T120.6+I.2
`
`33, T.e.
`
`0THomeHne
`
`aneKTponnofi
`
`I! nonHon TeMHepaTyp COCTaBKflO
`
`23+5.
`
`B ananornqnon OHCTeMe npeACTaBneHHofi 3 paOOTe
`
`[44] paapau
`
`Bamnr3n03 npn onenymmnx yCflOBnfixt
`
`flaBfleHHe p=5 I0'3+3 10—2 Top,
`
`padoqnn r33 - apPOH, M3Tepnafl KaTona — M333, paapfinHHn TOE 20.1
`
`A. Maxcnmanbno nOCTMPHyTHe BAeKTpOHHBH umOTHOCTb n Temnepawypa
`
`COCTBBJIHJE‘I:
`
`
`
`-14-
`
`I. p=5 10—3 Top, nezlolo 0M'3 , T8220 3B
`2. p=2 10'2 Top, ne=5 1010 CM’3 , T825 BB
`
`TO eCTb HOBHmeHHe naBneHna Hapfiny c pOCTOM KOHueHTpauKH HOHOB
`
`npuBonnT K cnnxennm aneKTpOHHofi TeMflepaTypH.
`
`MCCHBAOBaHna aaBMCHMOCTen MOHHOH KOHueHTpauMM M sneKTponHon
`
`TemnepaTypu OT TOKa paapana B nmocmom marHeTpone
`
`[45] nomaaann
`
`npaKqueCKn BKCHOHeHunaanHn pOCT ”1(Ip) u Hanammym BaBMCHMOCTb
`TEMP),
`(pm. 1.4)
`om-IaKo yam manaaon TOKOB 50+IE>O MA He
`noaaonseT CABABTB odmne BuBonH. Tam me npnBonaTca panhaanHe
`pacnpenenenna YKaBaHHHX HapaMBTpOB, nonyquHHe aoanoéumn namepe—
`
`HMRMH. Pacnpenenenne ni(r) nmeeT MBKCMMYM B OflnaCTH maxcnmyma
`
`pannanbfiofi COCTaBnfimmen unnyxuun maanTHoro Hons
`
`11 BHpaIeHHufi_
`
`npoaan BAOflb ocn chmeTpnn eneKTponHofi CHCTQMH.
`
`BamHHM napameTpom paapfina, BAHHBMHM Ha ero Boan-amnepHym
`
`XBPBKTBPHCTHKY, HBJIHBTCH TOJIHMHB KaTOm-IOI'O CJIOH. HO WEI-MID aBTO-
`
`p03 [46] BaBHCHMOCTb BTOH Bennqnnu OT napamerpoa paspnna momeT
`o
`‘
`94 7 UWOIVS [
`1
`B
`c
`_“B475
`
`HTb
`
`”P
`
`BACTQBJIQHB B EMS
`
`(J) =
`
`.
`
`CM .
`
`pa OTB
`
`[47] nenaeTcH HOHHTKa Ha OCHOBe pemeHna ypaBHeHHfi Hyaccona nun
`
`KaTOflHOPO 0303 c yquOM namenena nonepeqnon HOfiBKKHOCTH BfleKTpO-
`
`HOB B MaPHHTHOM none paccanaTL KaTonHoe naneHne UK B BaBnchOC-
`
`TM OT Tone n Hanpamenna paapana B Tnnnqnom nan MaPHeTpOHHHX pac—
`
`HHflKTeanHX CHCTeM nnanaaone napameTpos: Ar, B=700+I3OO Po,
`p=IO_ +IO‘I Top, Up=250+600 B.
`‘Incnemma 1330qu H Kamepema
`
`3Hepreanecxoro cnepra HOHOB nouaaann,
`
`qTo KaToxHoe nanenne
`
`COOTaBnaeT 75+9O % OT nonHoro paapanfioro Hanpameuna.
`
`0630p HOHHHX HCTOQHKEOB Ha OCHOBe MarHeTpOHHHx CMCTeM [48]
`
`HOJITBBPXUIBST Tm'rmmue napame'rpu 13831351118 11.719 MBI'HBTPOHOB, pBOOTa-j
`
`
`
`_IS_
`
`101m B c'raunonapnom peme, Hanpmep mm mocm MBPHBTPOHOB
`
`manaBOH namem coc'raBJme'r IO_4+5 10‘2 Top, Up=300 B, Ip=D.I A
`P511
`paOOT HocsameH paccmo-rpeHmo paapmxos
`B
`cueunanmmx
`
`ycrponc'I-Bax. Hanpmep paspamioe yc'rpofic'rBo pnc 1.5 [49,50,511
`
`upenc'raBJme'r cocoa enc'remy n3 mayx mocm ROJIBLIBBHX anew-poms,
`
`meamy Ko'ropmm coanaeTcr-i omiopomioe anempnqecxoe none. Mamm—
`
`Hoe none mee'r KOHQMI'ypaLmo TmIa "AHTKIIpOOKOTpOH" n comacoaaHo
`
`c reomewpnen snemponoa Tax, q'rooH B paspmom upomemyme pam—
`
`amanaa coc'raBeraa Br OHJIB mamcmaana, HpmeM
`B
`B
`.
`I‘
`.
`r
`BI.>>BZ, ———> Z, ———-> d, we
`vrBr
`Vsz
`
`Z — mnpnna amemponoa,
`
`c2 - pacc'romme mam anemponamn.‘ Hanan-
`
`manbnoe anaqerme Bz Ha OCH onc'reMH Irpn z=O.I M cocTaBme'r'vzfiooo
`
`PC,
`
`a maxcmaJILHoe BHaqelme Br B mocxoc'm cme'rpumcuc'rewm
`
`COCTaBJIfleT 2350 P0. Maxemanbfioe padoqee Hanpaxeme COCTBBJIHJIQ
`
`23KB.
`
`B OIMCBI-fi-IOM paspammm yc'rponcq'Be B aaBncmocm o'r naanerma
`
`padoqero r'aaa 0mm oOHapyero Tpn Erma paapana: I. npn Bucom
`
`namermax (npaBaa Be'er Kpmaon HameHa) — CMLHOTO‘IHLM paapfin c
`
`Hanpamelmem ropemm 0.11360 BBBKCHHIQM OT cm Toxa; 2.
`
`rrpn name—
`
`mmx coo'rBe'rc'rBymm oOJIac'm mmyma HpHBOfi Hamel-Ia, nonepe‘moe
`mammoe none ouasmaae'r cmmoe Emma Ha Hanpameme u xpy'rns—
`
`Hy BOJILT—amnepI-mn xapalc'repnc'mrm (BAX); 3.
`
`11pm cones mam
`
`naanermax, Roma B owcy'rc'ane marma'moro 1mm paapan He Bama—
`
`e'rca, Icpy'msna BAX He saBncn'r OT mammoro IIOJIH. Me'ronou mesa-
`
`Iomero some mm 3091: max pemos 63.710 namepefio pacnpeneneme
`
`HOTemmaJxa
`
`B meacaJIeKTpommM Baaope. Ha pno 1.6 upenc'rameno
`
`pacnpenenemxe HOTEHHMBJIB 11.113 CMBHOTO‘IHOI’O panama pBBpfilIB. BM-
`
`
`
`_ 15 _
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`B \\\\—_— \\\V
`9!"!!!
`
`
`in z
`
`IIiu.
`
`\\\\‘_—_ \\\\
`
`
`
`
` 0
`
`Pnc.I.5 Paapannoe yCTPOECTBO c
`
`Pnc.I.6 Pacnpenenefine HOTeHunana
`
`KOflBHEBHMH aneKTponaMM B EBanpy
`
`nan cnnbnowoqnoro pemnma paapana
`
`1
`
`2 d[CM]
`
`noanOM maanTHOM noae [50].
`UIV]
`1000
`
`Br=0 I
`I
`'
`. D
`In .
`9? ‘
`
`flyra
`\‘D 70 re
`\”
`D
`\1'40 PC
`.
`300 PC
`
`00
`
`5
`
`400
`
`flyra
`
`IP=50 MA, p=2 I0_1T0p [49].
`1 HIV]
`800
`
`D
`
`‘
`
`D Cu
`a
`.
`
`.
`Z" .
`.
`' A1
`
`D
`.
`'
`
`a
`f
`
`?
`
`'
`
`_
`_________L_____ 2:1:::;*
`
`IEA]
`____;_____4_____4_____4__
`
`0
`
`200
`
`1500 I[MA]
`
`‘
`
`1
`
`10
`
`100
`
`1000
`
`Pnc.I.7 BAX paapana B KBanpynonb—
`
`Pnc.I.8 CnanOTquHn pemnm
`
`HOM MBPHHTHOM none (CMflBHOTOQHHfi
`
`paspana [63].
`
`CTauMOHapHHn pemnm) [51].
`
`UIB)
`
`'
`
`500
`
`-
`
`D
`
`D
`
`'
`
`E!
`
`'
`D
`
`'
`
`D
`
`.
`D
`
`I
`o
`00 D :0 a
`?2
`
`4
`
`n
`
`a
`
`o
`
`a
`
`n
`
`o
`
`a
`
`o
`
`o
`
`o
`
`o
`
`o
`
`o
`
`o
`
`Uth]
`
`1
`
`'
`D D
`2 3
`n
`a
`
`o
`4
`
`12
`
`6
`
`1
`
`D
`52
`.
`3
`
`9
`
`a
`
`.
`0
`
`'3
`.
`
`x
`
`X
`
`X
`
`x
`X
`IIA]
`5
`x
`300 _.___l_______._._L.____
`500
`1000
`
`X
`
`E)
`I[A]
`? ‘
`0 _____J_____;__._L_
`1
`2
`3
`
`Pnc. I. 9 CMMBHOTquHn (a) n BHCOKOBOHBTHHK (0) pemnMH [64-66].
`a.
`I—Ar, p=2 IOewop, B=670 Pc, 2—B=1360 Po, 3~B=1800 Po, 4 ,5—N2,
`H2, 0. He p=I 103T0p,
`I—B=I360 Pc,2-B=910 re, 3—B=670 re,
`
`
`
`-17-
`
`HO, qwo o poCTOM MEPHMTHOPO HOflH odnaoTb KaTonHoro naneHna 1K
`
`YMeHbmaeTCfi. MBBeCTHo, qTo 1K nma anomafibHoro Tnemmero paapana
`
`ymeHbmaeTca c pocwom naBfleHna, noawomy MOKHO canaTb, QTO nma
`
`onanOTquoro pexnma CTaunonapHoro paapzna yBennquMe maanTHoro
`
`nous BKBKBafleHTHO yBennquKw naBneHnH paOOquO P838. KaTonHoe
`
`naneHne HOTeHunana npu BTOM Taxxe ymeHbmaeToH, Torna EEK aHonHoe
`
`naneHne cnado paoTeT o yBeaneHne Br' PasMep upnaHonHoro 0305 He
`
`BaBnonT OT Br Mayqune aaBnonMOCTen Hanpaxennfi paapana OT Toma
`
`)
`
`”pap
`Hannqne
`
`[49]
`
`B oOnaCTn Oonbmnx
`
`TOKOB
`
`(CTauMOHapHHX) nonasano
`
`pemHMOB
`
`paapflna
`
`BOflbT-BMHBPHHB KapaKTepKCTHKK (BAX)
`
`KOTOpHX upenCTaBneHH Ha pnc. I.7 B oOnaCTH (pd) COOTBeToTBymmen
`
`MMHHMymy M HpaBofi BBTBM KpnBofi HameHa.
`
`flxa Ar
`
`3T8
`
`odnaCTb
`
`npnnannemnw nuanaaony naBneHnn 2 IO"1<P<2 Top. OCOOeHHOCTbm aTon
`
`) HBflHeTCfi TO, QTO prTnana BAX dU/dI n Han—
`Ppyunu KpHBHX Up(I
`pamenne
`POpBHKH paapana ymenbmaeTca
`c yBennquneM nonepeqnon
`
`P
`
`COCTaanmmen nnnyxunn MaPHHTHOPO Hons. BanaHne MaPHHTHOPO HDflfl
`
`H8 KapaKTepHCTHKH B BTOM onyqae TaKoe me
`
`, KER oHno ooHapymeHo B
`
`CHCTeMax c nonHM KaTonom B MaPHMTHOM none {52]. OTmequo Taxme,
`
`.qTo o pOCTOM Br Epnwnqeounn TOK npu KOTOpOM paapan nepexonnr B
`
`nyry BOBpaCTaeT n, Hanpnmep, B aBOTe npu Brzl40 Po nyra He B08-
`
`HnKaeT BO BCeM nuanasone namepaeMHx TOKOB. B Tauom paapane pas—
`
`BHBamTCH Hnaxoqacwownue KOfleOaHHH, KOTOpHe B HBKOTOpHX onyqaax
`
`0Ta0nnn3npymwca maanTHHM noneM.
`
`Hpumepom cmaunonapnux HomoanpoaaHHHx
`
`CHCTeM,
`
`HBflHmTCH
`
`yCTpofiCTBa [53], coquammne paapan B Honepeqnom MaPHHTHOM none 3
`
`palpaaom B nonoM maTone. Bonbmaa HmOTHOCTL Toxa nocanaeTca npn
`
`naneHnax padoqero P838 COOTBeToBymme BQQBKTY nonoro KaTona.
`
`BOBMOIKHOCTL nonyqerma CPLHLHOTO‘IHHX (DOPM CTBUMOHBPHOI’O paspsma I
`
`
`
`—IB-
`
`npn ycnonnu ooxpaHeHna nooTaToqno BHCOKOPO HanpfimeHua ropeHna
`
`(2800+700 B) OHfla HGCfleflOBBHa B yCTponCTBe
`
`c3 upomunnpOBaHHHMH
`
`HOflHMK oneHTponaMM, nomemeHHHMM B maanTHoe none 0 Konmmrypaunefi
`
`Tuna
`
`"AHTHHPOOKOTPOH". Hpomnnb oneKTponoa COBnaAan
`
`c
`
`cnnoaofi
`
`aanefi MaPHMTHOPO Hons, QTO odecneqMBano BaanMHym HepH9H£HKYflHp—
`
`HOCTb aerTpnqeoKoro H MaPHMTHOPO none Ednnan xx HOBBPXHOCTen.
`
`YCHOBMB nepneHnnKyanHocTn nonefi BOflHSK Been nonepxnoown xaToAa
`
`npnBonnT K odnerqefinm npodoa H yBennqunm Tone paapana. Padoqnm
`
`raaom HBflHflCH apron. Hpn flaBfleHHHX =O.I+ITop Guam nonyquH CMflb—
`
`HOTOQHHB CTaunonapHHe
`
`pemMMH paapana,
`
`xapaKTepMoTnKM KOTOpHX
`
`ananornnnu nonyquHHM B yoTponoTBe
`
`o AMCEOBHMH aneuwponamn,
`
`npnqu npn Tomax, upeBHmammnx IA, paapan Gonee ycwofian, qem B
`
`yCTpofioTBe c nmocxnmn aneKTponaMK. Hpn MCCfleflOBaHHH aaancnmocru_
`
`Toma paspfina OT naBneHHH Ouno OOHapymeHo GymECTBOBaHHe eme onHo—
`
`I‘O CHJIBHOTO‘IHOI‘O pema KPH HHBKMX ABBJIBHPIHX. C ymeHLmeImeM .IIQB-
`
`neHna no 10—3 Top B Ar HaOflmnaflOCb aHomaanoe BospaCTaHne Tona
`
`paapana 093 nepexona B nyroaon pemnM. Paapnn an BTOM HOHueHTpn—
`
`pOBaflCH B ueHTpe CKCTGMH u Tox,paspana AOCTMPQK 2 A.
`
`HEOOXOEHMOCTB noanmefina momHooTn paspfina n noaumeHna HflOT—
`
`HOCTK naaamu nowpedoaano HpMMeHeHHH HMHyanHOPO nan KBaBMCTauHO—
`
`HapHoro pexuma. Bncnepnmenwu, HpOBefleHHHe ans MaPHeTpOHHHX onc—
`
`TeM pasnnqnofi reomewpnn, noxaaann, qTo cymecTBymT pemnMH pasps—
`
`noB, He nepexonamne B nyry npn anaquwenbnux Bennqnnax TOKOB. B
`
`GBerHflOTHOM Tnemmem paapane,
`
`nonyquHOM B
`
`ychoHOTBe Tuna
`
`“oopameHHHfi marHeTPOH" KoaKcnaanon unnonpnqecmon reomewpun
`
`nflnTeflbHOCTbm
`nocrnrHyT paapannnn TOK IP270 A npn: Up=400 B,
`HMHyflLCE
`THMH=60 MEG. HflOTHOCTb HflEBMH npn BTOM COCTBBHHGT
`nizmna cm‘3 [541.
`
`
`
`_ 19 _
`
`HOHHTKa nonyqenna onfioponHon nnésmu c HHOTHOCTbm 2101340I4
`
`cm‘3 0 OTpHBOM anexTPOHHon n HOHHofi TemnepaTyp c Homombm nmnynu>
`HOPO CHflbHOTOQHOPO paapana Tuna HBHMflgECKOPO [55,56] noxaaana
`
`BOBMOKHOCTB ooananna B TaKOM paspane unaamennoro OTOflOa c HflOT-
`
`HOCTBK) ni=5 1014' CM_3. BRCHepflmeHTH HPOBonnnMCL Ha
`
`yCTaHOBKe
`
`"MHAP", upeACTaBnammym codofl nBa yaaneHHHx Ha paCCTOHHHe 2.4 M
`
`Karena, pacnonoerHHx B npoGKax MBPHMTHOPO noun npodxom/pona. B
`
`ueHTpe CHCTeMH pacnonomeH KonbueBofi anon. PaGoan PaBOM HBnHeTCfi
`
`Bonopon npn naBneHnn 10-14-10"4 TOP, HaqanLHoe HanpfimeHne 60 KB
`
`[55] n 20 KB {56], HanpameHHOCTb M8PHHTHOPO nona 25 KPc n 12 KPC
`
`COOTBBTCTBeHHO. Tox paapana amen KOfleOaTeHbHHfl xapaKTep c aunnn—
`
`Tynamu 60 n 20 RA n BpemeHeM nonfioro aaTyxaHnn 80 n 70 MMC.
`
`choann paspana oOecneanann Honnsaunonaym flmMHy npocera 9393?:
`
`TpOHa
`
`suaanenLHo meHnmym, qu nanna paspannoro npomenywxa.
`
`nuarHOCTnRa OCYMGCTBfiRflECb naaepnumn meTonaMH, c nouombm nBoflHHx
`
`BOHEOB n no HOTOKy HefiTpaflOB. B pesyanaTe uonyqua maKcnmaanas
`MOHHaa HAOTHOCTL no n12? 1015 CM‘B, onHaKo BfleKTpOHHafl Temnepa—
`
`Typa B BTOM cnyqae He npeaumana 1.3 9B.
`
`yBennqune paapannoro Toma BHBHBaeT nepexoa anomaanoro
`
`Tnemmero paapaxa B nyPOBon, onHaKo Hannqne HBOflHOpOflHOPO aneKT—
`
`pnqecmoro HOflfi, cosnanaemoro HOJHM KaTonom, Tan me EEK n Hannqne
`
`HOHBPQQHOPO MEPHHTHOPO nona, HOBBOHHBT nonyanL cnanOToqnym
`
`Geanyroaym qppmy,
`
`TBK HaauBaeMHn OBerHflOTHHn paapfin [57+60].
`
`CBerHflOTHHH paapfifi nccnenoaanca npn naBneHnn 5 10‘ +1 Top B
`
`nmnynbcnom pexnme npn Toxax no 2 EA n pmnwenbnocwn nmynbca 50
`
`MEG. yxasaHHHn paspan xapaKTepnayeTca BHBQHTeflBHO doabmen qu B
`aHOMaflbHOM TnemmeM paapane nmownocwbw TOKE =50 A/CMZ, Hanpame—
`
`HMBM ropeHna 300+700 B, axcnanbnon cnmmeTpuen CBeTHmeroca KOflb—
`
`
`
`ueBoro 0303 Ha KaTone. MBMGPSHHH pacnpeneneHnH HflOTHOCTH HOHHOPO
`
`TOKa Ha HOBBPXHOCTK KBTOAB [59} noxasann, QTO OCHOBHBH ROAR Toma
`
`npnxonnwca Ha unmnflnpnqecnym HOBerHOCTb flOflOCTH KaTona. Memny
`
`HJOCKHMK eneHTponaMn nepexox Taemmero paapfina B CBerHflOTHHfi He
`
`HaOnmnaeTca.
`
`HpenoTaBnBeT MHTepec cnocoo noayqenna cuanOTquHx paapa—
`
`,IIOB,
`
`samuoqaumma B Hammemm Ha upenBapMTeJIBHo HOHMBOBamum
`
`raB B paapannom npomemyTKe nmnynbca Baconoro HBHPHIBHKK [61,621
`
`MooneAOBaHne peanunn cnaOOTquoro (0.5 A) cmaunonapnoro Tnemmero
`
`paspana c ceKunonnpOBaHHHM nonHM KETOHOM [62] B aprone npn ABB—
`neHnn p=IO' +IO'I Top H8 nmnynbc Bucoxoro HanpameHna, aneBonB—
`
`mnn paapan B CMABHOTquHfi
`
`(no 200 A) KBaSHCTauHOHapHHfi pemnM
`
`noxasano, QTO npn upeBumeHnn nopOPOBofi amnnnTynH (2 3 KB) 3263m—
`
`namTCH anomanbnue pemHMH c nHTechBHHMM Boneoannamn TOKB n Han—
`
`pamenna.
`CnnBHOTquaa
`dopma
`B
`anneu nnanaaone
`naBneHnn
`p=IO'4:-IO‘2 Top yCTaHaBnnBaeTCH numb Hpn afiomaanHx pemnmax,
`
`CBHBHBaeMHX aBTOpOM c EEPHBHHMK HBfleHHfiMH Ha KaTone.
`
`OcoOun HHTepeC npencwaBnamw HOCflenOBaHHH CMflbHOTOQHHX u,
`
`BHOOEOBOHBTHHX paBHOanHOOTen KBaBKCTaunoaapHoro paBpfina B onc-
`
`TeMax c BEMKHyTHM n HBBaMKHyTHM npenmom eneKTpOHOB B Heonnopon—
`
`Hux'ExH nonflx [63+66]. Ha pnc. 1.8 upeACTaBneHH BonBT—aMnepHue
`
`xapaKTepHCTnKn cnanOTquoro pemnma, OOHapymeHHorgfi KOBKCHaflbHOM
`
`ycwponche c EaMKHyTHM apenmom [68]. BKOHepHMeHTaflbHHe KpnBue
`
`ynanocs ACCTBTOQHO xopomo onncaTB ucxona MB upennonomennn o
`
`cymeCTBOBaHnn OGCCTOflKHOBHTeflbHOPO KaTonnoro cnoa.
`
`MCCflenOBaHMS,
`
`CBHSaHHHe
`
`c
`
`coanaHneM MHmeRTOPOB nan THY
`
`[64+66], HOKaBaflH, qTo B yCTpOMCTBax c HeonfioponHHMH aKCMafibHO
`
`CKMMBTPH‘IHHW marm'rmm K BJIERTPH‘IGCEHM HOJIHMH ynae'rca nonyqarb
`
`
`
`MOMHHe
`
`(=1MBT) BHCOKOBonBTHHe n CMflbHOTOQHHe nunynbcnue paapanu,
`
`KOTOpHe nepexonaw B nyry npn aHaanenBHHx Bennqnnax TOKB. Paapsn
`
`samuraflca memny nnocxonapannenbnumn aneKTponaMM B nonepeqHOM,
`
`cnanOHeonHoponHom MaPHKTHOM Home unnnfinpnqecxoro aneKTpomar—
`
`HnTa, pacnonoerHoro Ba HaTOfiOM (nmocxnfi marHeTpon). MooneBOBa—
`
`Hna np0Bonnnnob B nmmynbonom pemnme. BpemeHHue xapaKTepncTnKn
`
`nmnynLCOB MBPHHTHOPO HOflfi n Toma paapana HOAOKpaflKCb Tan, qrodu
`
`BpemeHa HBMGHeHHH Hanpaxenna ropeHua paapana Guam snaaneano
`
`Oonbme BpeMeHn nounsaunn n Benounsaunn sapameHHHx qacwnu B pas—
`
`pannom npomenywxe. CnanOTOQHHfi paapan nccnenoaanca B gnanaaone
`
`TOKOB OT 5 A no 2 RA Baa paananHx naBneHnn p=5 IO"3+5 10'2 Top
`
`nan r3303 Ar, N2, H2.
`
`flmnTenBHOCTb nmnynbca Toma npn emom He
`
`npeBHmana IOO MKC. Tnnnqnue Boan-amnepHHe xapammepncmmxn,paspa—
`
`Ba npencwaBneHH Ha pnc.I.93 XapaKTep BaBnchOCTn Up(Ip)onnHaK0B
`nan paananHx napameTpOB p, d, BO M pona rasa. CHaqana c pOCTOM
`Tona .110 HeKo'roporo Kpn'rnqecxoro BHaqemm IszL-BO A Hanpameme
`P
`
`MOHOTOHHO yBennanaeTca H8 50+IOO B, aaTeM npn 1px;p Hanpame—
`Hue paapana npaKanecxn He BaBnch OT Tona BHflOTb no 2 KA n cox—
`
`paHfleT HOCTOHHHyw Bennany 300+500 B, KOTOpafi CymeCTBeHHO 333n-
`
`ch OT maanTHoro Bonn n pone raaa. VMeHLmeHne Bennqnnu HHnyKunn
`
`MBI'HPITHOI’O H0115!
`
`l'l'pfi BEJIBHHOM TOKe I BHBHBaeT npalc'mqecnn men—
`P
`
`Hoe yBennqune Hanpaxefina Ha paBpane U . HaKflOH npamon U (B)
`P
`P
`
`COXpaHfieTCH flflfl pasnnqfiux naBfleHKfi, HO yMeHbmaeTofl npn nepexone
`
`OT Ar E H2. Bennqnna 13p npaKanecxn He BBBMCMT OT MaPHHTHOPO
`nona. OTMBTHM, qTo B Ar CKflbHOTOQHHfl paapan ropnT npn BHaanenB—
`
`HO Oonbmnx Hanpamennsx qu B N2 n H2.
`
`OTcyTCTBne BaBnchOCTn paapanHoro Hanpameflnfl OT Toma Becam-
`
`nae'rca Taxme B MOIEHHX y CKOpMTeJIflX 0 3824161mi XOJIJIOBCKKM TOKOM
`
`
`
`-22-
`
`[67,68]. GUTorpammpOBaHne paapfina HoxaauBaeT,
`
`qTo OH aaHnmaeT
`
`KonbueBym odnaCTb c ymeHbmammHMCH CBequneM OT KaTona K aHony.
`
`Ha qDHe nuddwano paBMHToro CBequna KMeeTCH HpKoe onHoponHoe
`
`KOHbuO, QTO CBnneTeALCTByeT 06 OTCYTCTBKH KOHTpaKHKfl paspfina.
`
`Mamepexme pacnpenenermn EOMGHTPBUJM MOHOB no palmycy cnc'reMH
`
`noxasam, q'ro maKcmaJIbHafi KOHHBHTpaIma HOHOB yBequMBaeTCH 0
`
`11
`~
`ni..IO CM
`
`—3
`
`Irpn Tone paspfina
`
`I
`
`P
`
`=9 A no ni210‘3cm‘3 npn I =IOO
`p
`
`A; BO=IOOO I‘c. 3T0, no MHeHmo aBTOpOB, yKaBHBaeT Ha BHCOKyIO me—
`
`Hem: normaauma B cmmo'romom paapsme. Ho—Bumomy IIpH Tom—1x
`
`21m mama paapana HOJIHOCTBIO PIOHMBOBBHB. AHaJMB npocwpch'rBeH—
`
`Hon H memecxofi CprKTypH paapsma HOKaBaJI, q'ro llaBJIBHPIe P838,
`
`Hpfi KOTOPOM CYMBCTBYQT CHflbHOTOQHBH mopma
`
`C KBBBMHBHTpaflbHHM
`
`OGEBMHHM BBPSAOM p0:
`
`eB
`/m”i
`E 56 -fi26;53 ,
`
`'
`v~
`rne vi, v0 - HUHHBHHHOH—
`
`H83 H HOHHBH qaCTOTH CTOJKHOBGHHH. HPM BTOM MERCHMaflbHBH KOHueH-
`
`Tpaunfl HOHOB ROCTHTBBTCH y HOBBPXHOCTH KBTOHB H OHCTPO cnanaeT K
`
`_
`d
`_
`anony. B upma'romlom c.1109 mam—W, {3-
`
`
`mvi
`eB
`i v—O m ”1 npeoOJIa-
`
`naeT HOHOJKHTerHHfl 0659mm 8813311 11011013. AKTMBHaH BOHB paapsma,
`
`B ROTopon mee'r mec'ro IIHTQHCPIBHBH MOI-maauna P838 P! cocpeno'roqu
`
`0059mm?! 38pm: BJleKTpOI-IOB, BamaeT mec'ro min. B nepexozmon
`
`OOJIac'm tbOpMpreTCH HBaSMHeflTpaflbI-mfi anon. C‘IPITBH, qTo paapnmoe
`
`Hanpaxcexme
`1/3
`
`UK= [L2]
`
`es
`
`0
`
`B
`
`OCHOBHOM
`
`cmamBaeTCH K3 KaTomzoro mane-Hm
`
`(gt/3112)” n Hanpfimerma Ha aKTnBHofi Bone paapana ypaB—
`
`Hex-me BOJILT-awmepnon xapamepnc'rm mee'r 13m:
`2
`
`2
`
`U =[ M ]1/3d§/312/3+ IE (1'Ni/Ne>
`p
`98%
`p
`2% 1)i/'I2O(aovil'5)2
`
`Omomeme Ni/Ne memo oueHnTb nonarafi pacnpenenerme HOTeHunana B
`
`
`
`aKTMBHon some paapsma napaOomecm Ni/Nez
`
`1)
`
`0
`
`v
`
`i
`
`m ”1 9B
`
`,
`
`rune'
`
`Ni;Ne — cpemme snaqemm HomeHTpamm HOHOB n sneKTponoB, M;m -
`maccu KOHOB n aneKTPOHOB, 80:9 IO14 Q/M, B — cpemIe-e BHaqune
`
`myxuxm marm'mo