`
`
`EXTENSIVELY REVISED
`
`
`
`I SED UPON THE BROAD FOUND
`BA -
`
`
`Noah Webster
`BY THE PUBLISHER’S EDITORIAL STAFF UNDER THE GENERAL SUPERVISION OF
`
`
`JEAN L. MCKECHNIE
`
`
`S, AND AN ENCYCLOPEDIC SUPPLEMENT OF
`OGl'ES, FULL PRONUNCIATIONS, SYNONYM
`
`
`FOREIGN WORDS AND 'PHRASES," ,
`TURE PROPER NAMES,
`MEASURES, SIGNS AND
`HICAL DATA, SCRIP
`ESS MATHEMATICS, ABBREVIATIONS,TABLES OF WEIGHTSAND
`
`'
`SYMBOLS, AND FORMS OFADDRESS '
`ILLUSTRATED THROUGHOUT
`
`
`ATIONS LAID DOWN BY? .
`
`'
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` .. ._ . . _ ' , f _ FI'NIIjs'AR1OOS1'g;
`
`
`
`FINISAR 1018
`
`

`

`‘,TWENTIETH
`_
`,
`CENTURY DICTIONARY
`
`Second Edition
`
`‘
`
`V
`
`Dictionary Editorial Ofiices
`New World Dictionaries
`850'Euclid Avenue
`
`, Cleveland, Ohio 44114
`
`C6pryight © 19835nd195519561957,1958,1959,1960,1962 1964
`; 19681970,-1975; 1977;1979 by Simon & SChuSter, aDIViSIOn- Of Gulf & Western Corporation
`QFUU'-COIOr Plates Copyright © 1972 by Simon & SchuSter, a Division of Gulf & Western Corporation
`All;rights reserved ~
`.
`.
`i
`I
`' reproduction
`>
`-
`‘
`rtIn ny‘ form
`III/World DIctIonarIes/Simonand Schuster
`Division o'I Gulf & Western CorporatIon A
`.
`SImon SchusterBUIldIng
`‘
`,
`Rockefeller Cénter
`‘.
`‘ 1230 Avenue of the Americas
`I
`’
`New York, New York 10020
`' SIMONAND SCHUSTER TREE OF KNOWLEDGE and colophon are trademarks
`of Simon & Schuster.
`
`PRINTED IN'THE UN‘rrED‘ STATES oF' AMERICA
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
`
`_
`A flow 20 19 18 '17 16 15 14
`’ Library [of Congress Catalog Card Number: 83—42537
`
`‘ Isst07671i-4181'94X
`
`Previous editidns of this book Were pub-
`Iished by The world Publishing Company,
`William Collins +World Publishing Co., Inc.
`'
`; and William Collins Publishers, Inc.
`
`

`

`
`pneious,: abso tie, posrtive.,
`
`
`
`
`
`
` g _I , . . Iat'e ame.].egenus
`
`
`.tory.I-tyrannous
`‘
`.,
`I
`of
`
`I
`uth American-dentirostral»insessorIial.
`
`fir’lflI-txfite ngJ
`I rbitraIted pt" 12?
`I
`
`
`
`“Ibirdsgngthe' :chatterersru including the ,I white
`
`5mg, ‘ppr. [L arbztmlus.» pp. of arbrtrari,_to-s'ee.
`
`bIellbird, or' ‘campanero‘p Ardp‘rmga" alba. _, re-‘
`logy". I
`I.
`-
`,
`~
`give a decision, from orbiter, 'a witness,‘Judge.]
`lmark‘able forIits‘clear;,far—soundin ,.:bell.-‘like .
`.
`
`‘- I1; to. hear- and Idecide“I(a 'disputeyasWar-
`chinol.’6- y,‘;_n. [Griarachnav spider; and
`
`
`notes and for. its peculiar," com like'
`ro-.
`bitrat‘orp I
`«
`«
`.
`~
`-.
`in,” from . exam. to speak] the science
`
`tuberance which'formerly was suppo ,
`to
`
`
`
`2. to demde or determineb arbitration; to
`spiders and other Arachmda.
`_
`I
`«
`have erectile powers and was believed to
`
`chvnoph'a-gous a.
`[G‘L‘ arachnZI. spider,
`give to an arbitrator to deci e.
`d,
`
`. cause. or contributeto. the bell—like quality of
`
`:11 S.’ ‘
`‘
`-
`‘d- hogan, to eat] in zoology, preymg upon
`. Syn.~settle, ad'ust. decide, .determin ,
`
`. ,therird's note by becoming'erect'yalsor a
`
`r.
`. Judicate.
`<
`I
`.'
`,
`_.
`» _, -
`similar species of Australiaand New salami.
`
`ar'biI-trfitIe, 11.1.
`1.
`to submit a dispute to"
`reeom’e-tér, u. an areometer.
`é-rfi’m
`1. theblack macaw. ,
`,
`
`» arbitration.
`,-
`'
`‘
`;
`‘
`'
`rec’d-stylus. and 1:. same as areostlee.
`
`
`
`
`. I2. t e‘ palm cookatoo of Austraha.I
`2. to act Isis-arbitrator (in a disput
`‘be— .
`
`I. e-It'ysys’tyle, (1. admin. same as areosystyle.
`ar-a-rfi’ba, In. {Port} from Braz. native name]
`In
`tween persons).
`I.
`.
`.
`I
`
`” g6-nése’,I 11.; pl. Ar’I'a-gfi-nése', I1. a na-
`1. a bitter. yellowIItpowder used in medicine:
`
`iir-bi-u'a’tion,e..n‘.§ an. arbitrating'or being ar-I‘ I
`I
`.also called Goa pow er;
`I
`I
`I
`.
`e'or inhabitant of Aragon, 1nI Spam.
`
`
`bitrated; settlement of a dis ute by a. ersori
`'
`2. the Spamsh dialect spoken in Aragon.
`
`
`I 2. the Brazilian tree yielding the powder:
`or persons chosen to hear bot "sides an come
`it has striped wood.
`,
`‘I
`I
`_
`
`
`gfi-nés‘e’, a. relating to Aragon. its people.
`to a daemon.
`-
`I
`.v
`-'
`MI
`.
`1'
`
`
`2
`language. etc.
`I
`’
`I
`’
`'
`.
`.
`
`
`a-rfa’tion, n. tillage. [Rare]
`I a board of arbitratwrz usually consists of an
`/a-t6-ry,' a.
`[L. aralorms,
`fromI arqtor, a
`g’fi-‘n‘i‘te, n. [from Aragon, in Spain, and
`
`] pertammg to
`
`odd number of persons chosen equally by th
`8.] a mineral made up of calcium carbonate
`leower,I from arare, to plow.
`
`
`
`opposmg Sides, excepting the umpire or.
`
`
`. rthorhornbic. crystals, with less dI
`
`
`tillage. [Rare]
`‘
`man; who is the choice of the arbitratorsfb .
`1. the language of the Arau—
`
`
`eavage and greater‘density than calcxte.
`A-rau fin. 1:.
`camans.
`,
`.
`
`fore chosen. An award in writing, signed .by a
`
`
`_-gu§’t6 (-gwa’td), n. [8. Am] a 5 cores of
`2., an Araucanian.
`_
`
`onkeyfound in South America; 1: e ursme
`I
`majority of the board. 1s.usuall¥;_binding. v.
`arbitration band; a bond‘whic is Iigenerally,I.
`Araucanians.
`owIlIer. Mycetes ursinus: also called araba,
`Ar-au-gfifni-an; a. 1. of‘the
`
`
`.
`.
`‘
`2. of’their language.
`'
`;
`.
`.
`entered into by 'parties-wishinglto Silhfiut",
`
`
`their differences to arbitration. It binds them .
`'
`raige’, 71.1. to raise. [Obs.]
`I Ar-au-c-E’ni-an,
`..
`_
`n; aI'member of a‘linguistic
`I
`to acguieIsce in the award given.
`-.
`_
`..
`
`.
`.
`.
`"nk n. arrack; [Obs;] -.
`stock of South American Indians of Chile and
`
` ative or an
`“arbitration of exchange; he fixing. of‘~the-
`' ka-nése', rampl: Ar”a:ka—nése_', 4. a
`the Argentine pampas; " '
`“
`inhabitant of.Arakan. a provmce
`ratio of exchange of the moneys of two coun»
`
`
`. n.‘[Mo’d’. ’L.. __from the Araucano,
`.
`.
`Ar-au'eé’ri-é
`.
`the changing ,of'money. of:'.._one'«
`tnes; also,
`Burma.
`
`
`autribe of ndians mthe southern parts of-
`2-c0untrIy to that of another. :
`‘
`.
`.
`,
`-.
`.
`-.
`g'e spoken by'the Aralcanese.
`the 1
`found in South
`_
`I
`Chile,] 3. genus-of Confirm;
`
`’bi-tra-tor, n. [L. arbitrator. from drbitrari.
`., a. of Arakan orthe Arakanese
`I ‘ka‘né.
`Amenca and Australasra. consisting of large
`
`
`
`toIisee.Ig1ve, judgment, from arbiter; a witness)
`nage -,;
`.
`evergreen trees ‘with.ivertrci11ate spre
`Juge.
`.
`.
`'
`" 1-21, 12. [on ' unknown]
`
`
`
`branchesbearing large‘cones.‘_each scale hav-
`‘1. In person who is chosen by agreement of ‘
`la genuso plants, the type
`of the order
`_
`.
`ing a single large seed.
`
`
`
`
`parties I111 aucontroversy, to settle the dispatch
`Ialiacz‘,‘eight species. of which are” found in
`
`at-Igueci’ri=an,;ld; pertaining to the Araucaria. ‘
`or ‘one of two or more persons so chosen.
`‘
`
`
`orthAmerica.I I
`'
`‘ _ '.
`.
`ar-aq-gfi’ri-an. n. any tree of the genus Amu—
`
`. I 2.1 an arbiter-{one who is fully authorized 0
`cana.
`.
`-
`.
`,
`,
`'-
`[a4] any plant‘of‘ this 'genus." -
`.
`,
`'
`”Judge‘or demde. .
`‘
`,
`.
`.
`'r
`
`
`li-Ei’céI-ae, will. an order of p1ants;I in-
`K’ra-wiik, n. a member. of any branch of the
`
`‘5 Sync—arbiter, Judge. umpire.
`.
`.‘ Arawalcan Indians.» .
`.
`.
`I
`.»
`.
`en‘ous to warm climates. akin to the ‘.Umbel—
`
`
`fir’bi-tritrix, n. a woman‘arbitrator
`.lffgerz, but of. a more shrubby character; The
`Ardwiilkan, a. of a larg hngursticfannly of
`fir'bi-tress,.n.-a woman arbiter.
`.
`‘
`
`
`South American Indian tnbes north" of the
`'3 hseng and. the English “73' are'Itwo well-
`
`
`’ fir’blast, 12. same as .arbalest.
`‘
`.
`..
`Amazon.
`-
`_
`'
`-
`~
`Ehown families of this order._ I
`.
`.
`kn.
`[ME.,
`arbaleste; .
`fir!b6r,yn.
`[ME. abet-sherbet; OFrI. "rerbien
`I
`iir’ba-lest,
`fir’ba-lmg:
`Irfiiflri’ceous, a.
`I
`I
`[from Aruba. and Momma]
`
`the lants o
`heIrbier; from IL. herbarium, a place covered
`Port. arbalerla, 'from‘L. Iarsubo‘lltsta; arms.
`
`belonging to the Aralraceaw
`
`ave Lflat
`
`
`bow,'and'ballism, an’lerngme-for hurling pro—
`flowers
`er. I'
`I
`-._,-
`"rIa ,
`Kath
`ass or herbage, from ‘herba. grass. an
`hich‘ "are: usually woody - and I
`
`jectiles; from Gr". ballem. to, throw.] across-
`usters of._'small.' . white. or ' greemsh
`' 1. a a‘ place shaded by trees, shrubsnorvine
`
`
`" often, fragrant leaves.-
`bow.. very common Iinn Europe ' during. the
`~ a frame oflatticework, covered with vinesp‘or.
`
`
`Ar'a-mé’fin, n. ‘1- any member
`middle ages; consrstmg‘ of a steel bow set
`maé'an,
`'
`_
`other plants, ‘for shade; a bower. ‘
`‘ 41::
`lived in Syria
`
`
`‘ crosswise Iin‘a shaft of wood, furnished with a
`2. a plotIof grass; garden; orchard: [Obs.]
`strin 'and a trigger, and bent by a crank
`- wind ass. It propelled arrows, balls. or stones.
`fir’borI,’n.; pl. iir’bG-rEs, L.. a tree. a beard]
`1’. 1nbotany,atree.as istinguishedfroman’
`fir’be-lest-ér, ar’baI-list-er, n.
`[ME. drbal—
`shrub.
`"
`‘
`‘
`.
`ester; OFr. arbalestzer; L. arcubalistariu's, one
`2. a family‘tree.
`'
`I
`.
`I
`s.
`Ivvohto uses an arcubahstJ a crossbown’ian.
`3. pl. fir’bors, in metal casting, the beamI ,‘
`or bar in the center of an interior mold or *‘
`fir’bi‘ er, n. [L. arlgiter, a witness, judge, from
`core.
`.
`.
`~
`"
`.
`ar-. ad, to, and brtere, beterg. to come or go.]
`Arbor Day; in many States of the United I
`1. a person selected to demde a controversy;
`an arbitrator._
`States, a day appointed by law for the plant-
`in of trees, as ‘by the pupils of the public
`2. one who is fully authorized to judge or
`so 0015. to foster interest in the preservation
`decide.
`I
`I
`-,
`.
`.
`of forests.
`'
`.
`Syn.-—ad1udicator. arbitrator. umpire. ref-
`fir’bér, 71. [FL arbre, tree. axis, from L. arbor,
`eree. Judge.
`I
`.
`-
`ar’bi-tra-ble . a.
`1. arb1trary; depending on
`tree, beam] in mechanics: (3.) a shaft‘ beam;
`(b) a spmd e; axle; (c) a bar—that holds out-
`the will.I[Ohs.]
`.
`-I
`.
`ti
`tools.
`»
`-
`_
`'
`‘
`,
`2. subject to arbitration.
`fir’
`r, 1;.i'.’ to set in an arbor (bar, shaft, etc.).'
`fir’bi-trige, 71. [FL arbitrage, fromnrbitrcr; L.
`fir‘bB-rfi’ceous, a. [arbor (tree), and -aceous.]
`arbitran,_to give a. damsion, from arbiter. a
`*1. like a tree: treelike.
`.
`.
`,
`»
`»
`witness.I_1udge.]
`’
`I
`“
`.
`2. _ full of trees; wooded.-
`:'
`' 1. arbitration.
`~ , _'
`'
`,
`iiI’bé-rr‘i'ry, a. [L. arborarius. from arbor. a
`2, abuying of bills of exchangerstocks, etc.
`. tree] arboreal.
`‘
`.
`,-
`-
`in one market nd Selling them again at a
`ar’bfi‘rfiitdr,
`12. one who plants or .I prunes '
`highs
`7
`riprice in another market. *
`treesl»[0bs‘.]
`’
`"
`'
`"
`hr’bitr
`'4‘. relating to” arbiters or arbitra~ ,
`'
`‘
`I'fir-bfi’ré-al,"a.
`I
`.
`1. pertaining to or like a tree
`"tion.II..
`- .,
`'2.,1}ving in. or adapted-[for living.in'trees;-~
`iir-bit'raement, nzI I1. arbitration.
`pertammg‘tolife in woods Or amongtrees‘; as;
`[2; the final daemon ofaan arbitrator.
`.1 arboreal animals arboreal pursuits.
`.
`-. ‘
`3-. thepower to make an absolute and final
`"ar’bored, a.
`1. having an arbor, or bower;
`de01sion;Ias. the arbitrommt of war.
`‘
`-
`as, anrarbored garden.
`‘
`'
`‘
`4I. the verdict orIaward of arbitrators.
`2. having trees on both sides or around it.
`'ar’bg-tra-ridy, adv). m an\arbitrary manner.
`ir-bo’ré-ous, a.
`[L. arboreus. from arbor. a‘
`‘ar’bi-tra-ri-ness, n. the quality or condition
`tree.]
`1. arboreal.
`I of being arbitrary.
`I
`I
`ar-bl-trfi ri-ous, a. arbltrary; despotic. [Obs.]
`2. full of trees; wooded.
`fir-bi-trfi,’ri-ous-ly, adv. arbitrarily. [Obs.]
`.
`3. arborescent.
`[L. Iarboresce'ns. p r.‘ of
`iir-bfi-res’cence, n.
`fir’bi-trirry, a.-[IL. arbitrarius, from arbiter. a
`witness, Judge.
`.
`I
`'
`arboréscere. to become a tree. from or or. a
`1. not overned by prmci 1e; depending on
`tree] the state of having the-shape or form of I
`volition: ased on one‘s pre erence, notion, or
`a tree; resemblance to a tree, as in minerals.
`whim.
`.
`.
`'. 2. capnmous.‘
`ar-bfi-Ires’cent, a. treelike in shape or growth;
`branching.
`‘
`'
`.
`.
`,
`.
`.
`3. tyrannical; despotic.
`fir’bfi-ret, n. [It. arboreto. from L. urbane tree]
`. Arbitrary power 15 most easily established on
`1. a small tree or shrub.
`-
`.
`the ruins of liberty abused to licentious—
`ness.
`. ——Washin on.
`[02b ;] place planted or overgrown with trees.
`5.
`‘
`‘4. m law; left to the discretion or in gment
`of the court; not fixed; not determined by
`fir-bfi-Iré’tum, n.;‘pl. iir-bo-ré'tums or iair-b6»
`ré’ta, [L.,
`Ia place grown with trees, from
`statute; as; arbitrary fines.
`arbor. a tree.]
`‘
`Syn.—tyrann1ca1. imperious, unlimited. ca-
`
`I
`
`.
`
`_
`-
`
`*
`
`‘
`
`'
`
`
`
`«.
`
`
`
`
`-
`
`.
`
`'
`
`'
`
`_
`
`1. of the Ara—
`
`
`_ mfi’ig, 41. [Gr. Aramaic, f. of Aramar‘os,
`
`om Heb. ‘Ardm, a name given to Syria, and
`esopotarnia.]
`I
`.
`
`. .Iof or pertaining to Aram. or anc1ent
`yna.
`.
`
`2. of the, Aramaic language.
`.
`I
`-m§’i<_:, n. a grou
`of northwest Semitic
`iblical times. including '
`
`anguages spoken in
`I
`_
`
`'
`language used in Palestine after theIcap-
`wity, and spoken by Jesus and his discxples.
`
`‘ -m§’ism, 1:. an idiom of the Aramaiclan—
`age;
`1
`’.
`-
`-
`I
`
`-né’i-da, mp1. [Mod L., from Lgaranea,
`f Arachnida,
`including the .
`piden] an order 0have the. abdomen unseg-
`merited and connected with thethorax by a -
`
`arrow peduncle. They breathe by. means of
`onary sacs andIIthostigmata connected
`’tracheae,_and have from four to‘sncI spin-
`
`Ierets. for making thefsdken threads from
`
`' 11 their Webs are Spun.
`.
`.r
`’
`,‘
`.
`'
`né’i'diin, a; '.reII1atmg to the Ararmda,
`
`IIsp ciallyto thejspiders. '
`~
`’
`
`é’i-din, n. one of the Araneida.‘
`é’i-form,_ a.
`‘. aroma. spider, and
`
`a. form;] having the shape of a spider.
`
`in 171123, rapl. same as Araneida.I
`
`.,
`1'
`114:1, same as Aranetda.
`
`”(5’11 Bee. é-rz'iIné-Ous, a.’[L. araneosus, full
`
`or. like spider's web. from drama, spider.]
`mbling the web of a spider; arachnoid.
`
`I’gé,"n.; pl. aI-rafi’gfies,‘ [native name] a
`
`bead made of carnelian, imported from
`a and used extenswely by slave trad-
`
`. "in t e'days of the African slave trade.
`
`rajKa-hfi. 91.;
`l. A’rap’a-hd or A-rapfa-
`
`showy-any mem erIof a tnbe of A1 onquran
`
`
`”Indians who lived in the area of t e‘up er
`I atte 'and Arkansas Rivers: also spe ed
`
`' opahon
`n. [native name] one of the larg-
`pai’ma,
`
`
`trash-water food fishes, found in South
`erica. It frequently measures fifteen feet
`
`11, and sometimes weighs more than
`
`
`I
`
`ull, brute. turn. up;'cry, myth; cat, machine, ace, church. chord; gem, anger,
`
`(F12) bon. as; this, thin; azure
`
`
`
`95
`
`
`
`
`
`