`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`United States Patent [19]
`Ehlers et a1.
`
`llllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll/llllllllllllllllllllllllllll
`
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent:
`
`5,572,438
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`[541 ENGERY MANAGEMENT AND BUILDING
`AUTOMATION SYSTEM
`
`[75] Inventors: Gregory A. Ehlers, Tampa, Fla;
`gob“: lilowfgon; Gag E‘
`peeg e‘ 01 0 ecamr’ a‘
`
`tS 'ee
`M
`73 A' :TECOE
`[
`]
`sslgnee
`nergy anagemen er" 5
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`“Boosting Your Home’s IQ; Manufacturers agree on stan
`dards for creating the smart house”, Technology, p. 70 (not
`dated)
`Schrock, Clifford 8., “Conservation and safety for the 90’s
`using cable TV networks", Cable Bus Systems Corp. (no ref
`or date).
`
`(List continued on next page.)
`
`[2]] Appl. No.: 369,679
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Jan. 5, 1995
`
`[51] Int. 01.6 ..
`[52] US. Cl.
`
`..................................... .. H02] 3/00
`364/492; 364/132; 307/39;
`307/ 126
`[58] Field of Search ................................... .. 364/492, 493,
`364/46404’ 132‘ 138, 139; 307/381 39,
`4], 115, 116, 126, 132 E
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`4
`2 2
`7/1925 Smebl' '
`L547’ 4
`2/1978 Schneider ct al.
`4,075,699
`9/1981 W611 ................... ..
`4,291,375
`4,324,987 M982 Sullivan, H eta]
`4.336’462
`6/1982 Hedges at al_
`4,4661)“ 8,1984 Jindr-lck e‘ 31'
`4,471193 10/1984 Brown
`4,503,288
`3/1985 Kessm _ _ _ _ u t
`4,511,979
`4/1985 Amirante ..
`4,513,189
`4/1985 Ueda ct a1.
`
`364/492
`364/483
`307/35
`n
`364/145
`____ __ 379/66
`_ . _ _ __ 379/67
`364/481
`219/714
`
`(List continued on next page.)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`3/1993 European Pat. Off, .
`0534839A1
`2645968 10/1990 France.
`2660511 10/1991
`France -
`W093/08653 4/ 1993 WIPO 4
`WO94/00824 l/l994 WlPO.
`WO94/039S9 2/1994 WIPO.
`W094/09572 4/1994 WIPO ,
`
`Primary Examiner~Emanuel T. Voeltz
`Assistant Examiner-Kyle J. Choi
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Wolf, Green?eld & Sacks, PC.
`
`ABSTRACT
`[571
`An energy management and building automation system
`including a local area network or home automation data bus
`Such as the CEBuS- Each load is connected to the bus via a
`control module which may contain a circuit breaker to
`disconnect the load from the mains upon command or upon
`occurrence of a power outage. Current monitoring control
`modules measure load current and power monitor modules
`monitor power consumed by selected loads, both modules
`transmitting bus messages indicating load status and status
`changes. A ?rst microcomputer preferably is external to the
`customer premises, adjacent the electric utility power meter.
`A second microcomputer preferably is inside the customer
`-
`Th [
`-
`-
`-h
`h
`pr?mlseg' . ; Km mlcmcompuicrs cprlllmumcawkfi“ ‘fc
`ot er an wit t evartous modu es viat enetwor ata us.
`The ?rst microcomputer communicates with. the utility com~
`pany via any appropriate communications link. The second
`microcomputer serves, in part, as an input/output terminal
`for the system, allowing the customer to set parameters and
`qu?ry the System as to Power usage‘ displaying YBPOYIS
`requested by the Customer and mcssag?s lransmillcd by lhc
`utility company and by either microcomputer. The ?rst
`microcomputer acts as a master controller and/or network
`I
`_
`_
`_
`_
`server, communlcating w1th the world outside the premises,
`as a communications gateway between voice, video and data
`services, and being the primary data collector and operator
`of load control modules; the second microcomputer provides
`certain backup functions. The utility company can access
`selected utilization data and control at least some loads via
`messages to the ?rst microcomputer.
`
`29 Claims, 43 Drawing Sheets
`
`TO EXTERNAL
`COMMCHANNEL
`
`12
`
`_|
`.._ ._.._
`COMM _,t6
`HRST
`1 ‘mm;
`MICRO.
`UNIT‘
`,5 COMPUTER
`
`i
`
`27
`)
`INPUT/OUTPUT
`DEVtCE
`
`22
`1
`secom:
`MICROCOMPUTER
`
`_ _ ._ -_
`
`2,0
`
`I4
`l J
`wnrr
`HouR
`METER
`
`24
`,
`APPLIANCE
`CONTROL
`
`I 24
`1
`APPLIANCE
`CONTROL
`
`l a4
`cuamznr
`SENSOR
`
`l 2,4
`CURRENT
`sensoa
`
`1s‘
`
`TEMPERATURE
`SENSOR
`)
`26
`
`BURGLAR
`ALARM
`I
`26
`
`TO AC
`POWER
`GRID
`
`MOTION
`SENSOR
`
`E5
`
`Q
`
`LOAD
`SHEDDING
`I
`26
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 1
`
`
`
`5,572,438
`Page 2
`
`U. S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,514,594
`4,520,576
`4,521,645
`4,523,307
`4,633,775
`4,665,544
`4,728,949
`4,771,185
`4,772,870
`4,819,180
`4,847,554
`4,847,781
`4,847,782
`4,855,922
`
`340/3l0.01
`4/1985 Brown et a1.
`33/438
`6/1985 Vander Molen
`379/42
`611985 Carroll .......... ..
`6/1985 Brown et a1. ........................... .. 370/30
`5/1987 Olek ...................................... .. 100/297
`5/1987 Honda et a1.
`....... .. 43/82
`3/1988 Platte et a1.
`340/82537
`9/1988 Feron et a1. .......................... .. 364/492
`9/1988
`340/31002
`4/1989
`340/501
`7/1989 Goodwin ....... ..
`.. 324/127
`7/1989 Brown, 111 et al. .
`364/492
`7/1989 Brown, Jr. et a1. ..
`340/31001
`8/1989 Huddleston et a1.
`364/493
`
`4,888,495 12/1989 Feron et a1. . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`. . . . . .. 307/39
`
`340/31001
`2/1990 MacFadyen et a1.
`4,899,129
`348/8
`2/1990 MacFadyen et a].
`4,899,217
`, 364/492
`4,977,515 12/1990 Rudden et a1.
`361/92
`4,987,513
`l/1991 Shelley ........... ..
`. 359/154
`5,033,112
`7/1991 Bowling et al
`. 333/132
`5,045,823
`9/1991 Nichols, lIl ..
`. 364/188
`5,086,385
`2/1992 Launey et a1. ..... ..
`375/204
`5,090,024
`2/1992 Vander Mey et a1.
`340/3l0.01
`5,101,191
`3/1992 MacFadyen et a1.
`5,109,222
`4/1992 Welly ............................... .. 340/825.72
`5,126,934
`6/1992 MacFadyen ........................... .. 364/140
`5,134,356
`7/1992 El-Sharkawi et a1.
`. 323/211
`5,168,170 12/1992 Hartig ................ ..
`307/35
`5,196,982
`3/1993 Landsberg et al.
`361/93
`5,218,552
`6/1993 Stirk et a1. ............................ .. 364/492
`5,263,046 11/1993 Vander Mey .
`. 375/204
`5,278,862
`l/1994 Vander Mey .
`. 375/200
`5,315,499
`5/1994 Bilas et a1. ............................ .. 364/140
`5,323,307
`6/1994 Wolfet a1.
`364/140
`5,347,167
`9/1994 Singh
`. 307/125
`5,436,510
`7/1995 Gilbert
`307138
`5,469,365 11/1995 Diekema et a1. ..................... .. 364/483
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Dawson, Fred, “Energy saver can support voice and data”,
`Multichannel News, Oct. 21, 1991.
`“Schlumberger launches new venture for building automa
`tion systems in Europe using Echelon Technology",Bus.
`Wire, Jul. 13, 1992.
`Saladyga, John S., “New home automation systems integrate
`security, energy and entertainment”, Newsday, Inc., Oct. 15,
`1992
`Rupinski, Patrick, “New device automatically alerts com
`pany of power interruption", (no ref or date).
`Niggli, Michael R., “PowerView: Two—Way Customer
`Communications” (no ref or date).
`“Demonstrating smarts; bright home: a demonstration home
`that utilizes consumer electronics . . . " Popular Science, Jul.
`1991.
`"Scienti?c—Altanta, Bell Atlantic To Offer Cost-Effective
`Information”, PR Newswire, Sep. 23, 1991 (Mary Nagel
`hout).
`“Entergy moves into ?ber optics to control residential com~
`sumption", Energy Report, Dec. 14, 1992, vol. 20, No. 49 (sr
`abst).
`“Commonwealth Edison installs Metricom‘s communica
`tion network” Business Wire, Mar. 4, 1993.
`Sanders, Michele, “Interfacing with the home of the future“,
`Information Access, Apr. 1993.
`“PGW to begin automatic meter reader installations in
`500,000 homes in J une”, PR Newswire Assoc, Apr. 2, 1993.
`Jones, David A., “Smart Money? Home automation sys
`tems”, Builder Jun. 1993, pp. 162-166.
`
`Millar, Heather, “Smart houses: getting switched on”, Busi
`ness Week, Jun. 28, 1993.
`“ls DSM having an impact on electric-utility credit rat
`ings'l”, Electrical World, Aug. 1993.
`“Entergy Enterprises’ CC2000 test joined by Sprint, Hon
`eywell .
`.
`. ” PR Newswire Assoc, Aug. 26, 1993.
`Kaplan, Daniel, “DSM Monitoring a key issue for utility
`industry E—source”, The Energy Daily, Oct. 5, 1993.
`Jones, David A., “Cutting edge; three houses that break the
`rules and break new groung .
`.
`. ", Builder Info Access, Nov.
`1993.
`Piepmeier, James M. et al, “The tools of competition:
`differentiation, segmentation .
`.
`.
`The Electricity Journal,
`Nov. 1993.
`Colman, Andrew et al, “Competitive edge—Power View: a
`DSM—focused technology”, Fortnightly, Nov. 1, 1993.
`Vizard, Frank, “Building the information superhighway",
`Popular Mechanics, Jan. 1994.
`“Entergy announces a major development in its residential
`customer-controlled load manage .
`.
`. ", PR Newswire
`Assoc, Jan. 19, 1994.
`McLeister, Dan, “Dramatic changes lie ahead for home
`automation" Professional Builder & Remodeler, Feb. 1994.
`“Cebus (R) power line carrier technologies from lntellon
`Corp. Support home automation application .
`.
`.
`PR
`Newswire, Mar. 1, 1994.
`“Honeywell, Oracle Corp. unveil joint technology and mar
`keting alliance”, Electric Utility Week's Demand-Side
`Report, Mar. 3, 1994.
`Phillips, Tim, “Welcome to the computerized home", The
`Guardian, Mar. 10, 1994.
`“First Paci?c Networks, Central and South West Corp. to
`conduct energy management project in Laredo, TX”, Busi
`ness Wire, Mar. 24, 1994.
`“Johnson Controls makes major entry into home energy
`automation market, .
`.
`. ”, PR Newswire, Mar. 28, 1994.
`“Re—engineering electric utility metering and communica
`tions", Transmission & Distribution, Apr. 1994.
`Cain, Charles J., "Metering gets real", Fortnightly, Apr. 1,
`1994, pp. 39-40.
`“Itron signs $27 million contract with Baltimore Gas and
`Electric”, PR Newswire, Apr. 4, 1994.
`“Leading companies demonstrate home automation based
`on Echelon‘s technology”, Business Wire, Apr. 14, 1994.
`Salpukas, Agis, “Big hopes put on electric wires”, The New
`York Times, Jul. 6, 1994.
`Karve, Anita, “Brainy Buildings”, LAN Magazine, Aug.
`1994.
`“LonWorks-the choice in home automation", Motorola,
`Mar. 1994.
`“Home automation: what’s in it for utilities?”, EPRI, Apr.
`1990.
`“50 Successful DSM Programs”, The Results Center, lists.
`“Variable electric rates", Transtext.
`“Bell of Pennsylvannia's automatic meter reading could
`mean greater security and privacy for customers”, PR News
`wire, Feb. 28, 1990.
`“NetComm matures as advanced communication and meter
`ing system”, Research Newsletter, 4th quarter 1990.
`Teletimer Energy Savings Service: “Low—cost—high value
`building automation”.
`“PLC features & speci?cations”, Regency Electronics, Inc.
`“Using the line sharing switch in power utility load study
`applications”, Teltone Telesolutions, 1993.
`Home Automation Laboratories, Fall 1994 Catalog.
`“387C752 CMOS single—chip 8-bit microcontroller”,
`Signetics.
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 2
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 1 of 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`0200mm
`
`x mm
`
`
`
`mwhzaiou 0x22
`
`.SQPDODIDaE
`
`mo_>wo
`
`@N @N @N
`
`
`
`QQOJ 202.02 530m 3m
`
`wzaomzw mowzwm 2E3,‘ mowzww
`
`
`$325125
`
`Q 2 0*
`
`532
`
`Q :6
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 3
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 2 0f 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`COMPUTER
`PROGRAMS
`
`1g
`
`TO NETWORK
`
`l8-A
`
`l8-B
`
`IB-C)
`
`20
`
`MICROPROCESSOR
`
`MEMORY
`
`INPUT / OUTPUT
`DEVICES
`
`L
`
`_
`
`_
`
`F G
`
`'S‘D
`
`l8-F2
`
`l8-Fl
`
`COMPUTER
`PROGRAMS
`
`22+.
`
`TO NEWORK
`
`22-A
`
`22-5
`
`22-c
`
`20
`
`MICROPROCESSOR
`
`FL] INPUT/ OUTPUT
`
`DEWCES
`
`MEMORY
`
`-
`
`k
`
`~Q
`
`22-E\|l
`TOUCH
`I SCREEN
`|
`22-51
`
`I
`
`KEYBOARD
`
`7
`
`22-52
`
`22-0
`
`2_2
`
`‘
`
`FIG.3
`
`_. ._ __ ___
`
`I
`|
`I
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 4
`
`
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 5
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 4 of 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`struct CUSTOMER
`{
`
`/42A
`I I Customers cost per killowatt hour
`double cost_kwh;
`// electricity usage.
`/42B
`I / Customers name
`name[21];
`
`char
`
`char
`
`char
`
`/ I Customer's address
`addr[31];
`/ 42D
`// Customer's account number
`acct[21];
`
`F|G.5
`
`struct METER
`
`unsigned int
`
`/53A
`cebus__hc;
`/53B
`unsigned int cebus_unit;
`53C
`double current; /
`/53D
`double current__start [24];
`/ 53 E
`double current_reading [24];
`
`/ 53 F
`double mtd [24];
`
`/ 5 3 6
`double last_month;
`
`/53H
`double ytd [24];
`
`//
`
`CEBus House Code
`
`ll
`
`CEBus unit code (MAC address)
`
`//
`
`Last reading recorded
`
`//
`l/
`
`24 hour table (1 entry for each hour)
`of first reading for the hour
`
`l/
`l/
`
`24 hour table (1 entry for each hour)
`of last reading for that hour
`
`//
`II
`//
`
`24 hour table (1 entry for each hour)
`of energy usage during that hour (not
`including today).
`
`24 hour table (1 entry for each hour)
`ll
`of energy usage during that hour for
`H
`all of last month.
`I!
`
`II
`II
`l/
`l/
`
`24 hour tabke (1 entry for each hour)
`of energy usage during that hour for
`all of this year to date (not including
`today).
`
`FIG.8
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 6
`
`
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 5 of 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`US. Patent
`
`struct DEVICE
`
`unsigned short
`
`unsigned short
`
`/44A
`watts;
`
`/ 4 4 8
`amps;
`
`I/ Watts this device uses when on.
`II Used to compute POWER usage when
`I I only off/on status is available.
`
`II AMPS this device uses when on.
`II Used to compute POWER usage when
`I I only off/on status is available.
`
`// VOLTS this device uses when on.
`/ I Used to compute POWER usage when
`II on;y off/onf status is available.
`
`65
`
`II The Power factor for this device
`I I (Power Factor = WIVA
`//
`w = Watts
`II
`VA = Volts " Amps)
`II note: in Alternating Current circuits,
`1/ the current is not necessarily in
`II phase‘ with the voltage. Hence, the
`// product of volts a nd amps does not
`I I always equal power. IE. a typical
`II power factor for an electric motor is
`I/ .8 (80% of the wattage times voltage
`II times amps).
`
`II resistive, inductive, florescent
`
`1/ Priority: 0 = Not controlled by power
`II
`company
`II
`1 = Last device to be turned
`II
`off during load shedding
`II
`2 = Moderate priority
`II
`3 = First type of device
`to be turned off during
`load shedding requests.
`
`unsigned char
`
`/ 44C
`volts;
`
`unsigned char
`
`440
`/
`power_factor,
`
`44E
`/
`load_type;
`
`unsigned char
`
`unsigned char
`
`unsigned char
`
`unsigned char
`
`unsigned char
`
`unsigned int
`
`unsigned int
`
`char desc [13];
`
`.
`.t_
`crrcur , )446
`code__number,
`/ 44H
`code_lettter;
`441
`cebus_hc(
`/ 44 J
`cebus_unit;
`
`I/ Not in use
`
`II X10 address - Number
`
`II X10 address - Letter
`
`// CEBus house code
`
`I / CEBus unit number
`
`II Description (informational filed)
`
`FlG.6A
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 7
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 6 of 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`/ 44 L
`char location [18];
`
`/44M
`unsi ned char status;
`/ 44M
`9
`unsighed int current_hours [24];
`
`44 O
`unsigned int mtd_hours [24];
`
`)44 P
`unsigned int iast_month [24];
`
`/440
`unsigned int ytd_hours [24];
`
`/44R
`char cebus_noack;
`
`// Location (informational field)
`
`Current off/on status
`
`H
`current day's device on count.
`l/
`each 'tick' represents 30 seconds of
`on activity.
`II
`
`II
`II
`//
`
`month to date device on count
`each ‘tick’ represents 30 seconds of
`on activity.
`
`//
`//
`ll
`
`last month's device on count.
`each ‘tick’ represents 30 seconds of
`on activity.
`
`//
`l/
`l/
`
`year to date device on count.
`each 'tick' represents 30 seconds of
`on activity.
`
`//
`//
`//
`
`if a CEBus device, flag to designate
`whether or not to expect an ACK from
`this device
`
`};
`
`struct DEVICE
`
`F1668
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 8
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 7 of 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`com - yr; 49A
`
`year of this interval
`
`com - mo; 498
`
`month of this interval
`
`com - da; 49C
`
`day of month of this
`interval
`
`com - hr", 490
`
`hour of day, this interval
`
`com ~ qtr, 49E
`
`this interval no within
`hour
`
`meter id - in case of
`multiple meters
`
`struct COMMERCIAL
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`com - id; 49F
`
`unsigned
`
`short
`
`corn - interval; 496
`
`//
`
`interval size, in minutes
`
`double
`
`double
`
`double
`
`double
`
`double
`
`double
`
`double
`
`com - kwh; 49H
`
`//
`
`kwh consumed this interval
`
`com - kvah; 491
`
`I'/
`
`kvah consumed this interval
`
`com - kvarh; 49J
`
`ll
`
`kvah consumed this
`interval
`
`corn - demand; 49K
`
`//
`
`demand this interval
`
`com - min; 49L
`
`no minutes device was on
`in this interval
`
`com - mtr; 49M
`
`l/
`
`meters reading at end of
`interval
`
`com - inter: 49M
`
`interval length
`
`FlG.T
`
`Petitioner Cypress Semiconductor Corp. - Ex. CSC 1004, p. 9
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Nov. 5, 1996
`
`Sheet 8 0f 43
`
`5,572,438
`
`1
`
`~55A
`-5se
`K556
`D
`~55
`"555
`"55F
`"55s 1
`~
`
`, 54A
`
`r 548
`
`54
`\
`
`DEVICE NO.
`VOLTS
`CURRENT ( i?-¢)
`CURRENTheoc'hve)
`-
`KWH
`KVAH
`KVARH
`VOLTS
`CURRENTt ‘rt-Q)
`CURRENT ( reactive)
`KWH
`KVAH
`KVARH
`
`FIGS)
`
`#define MAX_EVENTS 128
`struct event
`
`56
`j
`
`{
`
`unsigned char device;
`
`I I device this event acts on
`
`unsigned char hour,
`
`// hour that it is to occur (0 - 23)
`
`unsigned charmin;
`
`ll minute that it is to occur (0 - 59)
`
`unsigned char type_day;
`
`unsigned char action;
`
`ll days of the week during which it is
`l l to occur. Bit 0 = Sunday, Bit 1 =
`// Monday, etc. If bit set this event
`I l is to occur that day.
`
`I 1 Action: 0 = off
`I!
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