THE. ’{}NITEf{) STATES PATENT AND TRAI)EMAR}( s(}F‘F{(I‘l§
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`"in re 1r?Ic%I‘1”ai-‘I63 Re-exanxinatimz of:
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`Viszsmr Larsun at 21}.
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`Comm} Na: ‘~)5;’~0~01
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`U. 5. Patent
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`7,4’! 8,504
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`G‘r0‘u'p Art Unit: 3992.
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`Issued: August 26, BUGS
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`Exa.mi.ne.r: Roland Foster
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`Fm‘: ACKLE :\‘='E‘I"W(f}RK PR()‘I’()EI{f)L I?()fR S?E(.7‘URE-
`{ff()f:‘\-"fix-"I‘{s}N1CA’}71i(}NS {s_£SIfNC§ SECIETJRE
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`Cm_1fix‘x11a.t’it1n N0, 5833
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`DOMAIN’ N.-='-’\_MES
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`Mai"! Snap 1}«;!e~tr1:’arI»:a,s‘ IReexa1‘:.2
`C«:xmmissioner for Patents
`P11 Box 1450
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`A|exs1s1ds‘ia, \-"A 223 i Bvmfifl
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`I}ECI_..,:vX.R.~\Ti0.7‘\‘ OF DR. ROBERT DUNH.A.:'.\-1 SHORT H1
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`Robert £)u.uh.zm:: Short Hi, deciare as fazahows:
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`II hm.-‘e been the {'_Tb.ief Tec.h:z:>1axg}= (}fiice1‘ of Vi1‘13et?{ Inc.
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`(“\s"i.rnettX"} sixme June
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`i2GiG and the Chief Scsiemist fax" \-"in'1<:-;i'}i. sin-Lie }\-“lay 12006,
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`I’rior in joining: V"in1etX, fmtn 3994 to
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`April 2€}€}{§,
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`I held \-‘ar.i0‘us gmsitions incIu.ding Assistezm Vice Pu-:si«;i.ent anti ‘Division Lktfmmger at
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`Scietxce .Apphcati.c)ns Inte1‘mztim1a}. C«orpox‘a.1ion (“S.<-\.§C"). Prior to S;.:*-\.TiIIIi, I wo.:‘}«:ed at .4-X[R{?() Pm»-'er
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`‘TI‘eci1.:m’io~gies }_nc., Speny {30.rp0.ra:te 'I'acl113o§.ngy {?entv.~:-L, and Sperry Research (Iffenter. {have 3 1311.9,
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`in E1ect1‘icsa§ Enginczering from ”Pur-'3ue Lfnive1'ssii§: as we}! as B.
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`in .3»-'i.a.t‘¥mnatics and. 3. BS. in
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`Electrical Engi.:1eeri.z1g fmm Virginia Tet: $1.
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`2.
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`1 am one ef the named im-‘em:-rs of US. Fartent Nu.
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`'..?,4‘i 8.1504 (“the ‘SM gzatentf},
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`w11ich I 11n.derst2m€£
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`is the su.bje=cf of the abcwefiidentified reex.an1in.aticm. proceeding.
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`1 am f‘am17ii.a.r
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`w.it}1 the ’504 guatcnt, iI1C1'Ll(3iI1gitS ci.ai1:ns.
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`3.
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`Px'i0.r ta am:i at the time mi‘ 11:13 'i.1}\=‘e‘}1fi(1.l}S claimed in the ‘S04 patent, t‘he';‘e was :1
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`significzmt and inm‘easing_g concern with the St3L‘.11i‘i{}? csf cmmputer net'v4-‘ork cmmnun.icaIi.0n. The
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`‘ex-'ic¥a=:sApr‘eaci cesisiectix-'it}-‘ between coznputiers that was eznabhzd
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`the swifi ixxcreasie in .netwnr¥:<
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`in homes and businesses aisu ied. ts-ta nzany security b;'e:.=mhes as weii as c<:ancen1s rega1's;1i:ng; the sai‘E-13>‘ cf
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`cnnfid.emia} infr:sm1atiot1 sent m-‘ezr Compmei‘ I1efw0;‘§<.s. This prcitdem received significtant attention
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`{mm} the r€3€a.t\:h
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`and de*\-=e10p1:'31e11i C01111}‘11311it§='. Practica} expe§‘.ie.m:e showed that thefts was‘. 21 Iaeed
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`for a system that cmuid be easiiy and CCu'1'eCtiy used to enabie secure c::nnmumTcations, because a
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`system that made it ciifficuit for an endmser to enahie secure c.::m1mLmicatim1s \.x-mlld iikeiy iead. tan 3
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 1
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 1
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`

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`COIl‘{l'Ul N0. Qfifilill 3'88
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`laclc of use or im:on*ec.t use. The i.n\='emlons d.isx:l.osed. E1!“l(.l cl.a.im.ed in the 1304 patent and other pzitflills
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`in tllis fa1n‘il},A-' met this need. For lnsimloe, the lT}'%’t‘:.!1€l(lT}S disc-loee:;l and Cjlfillnfld in the ‘S04 patent
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`ixlolmle a clomain name servisce for esi.al:slls11lng lsecure colmmmloation links. As an example,
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`independent claim 3 recites “{a} system for providing a domain name service for establishing a secure
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`ccn‘1umurrication link, the sgwstem lzomprisisxgll
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`3. domam mane sen-‘me sysle—:Il configtn‘e~d .
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`.
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`.
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`to
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`co;1'1pri.ee an ii}.£lllCEl§.l0I1
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`that‘
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`the clonieirl name senaic«e syslem 3‘u‘p‘po':"t5
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`e—slal:‘l‘islxing., a secure
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`::o:r111m1n.iceti_o:1 link.”
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`(*:'=o4 patent 55i4‘_{.}-5f:-.:l Delpendem claim 8 ree.ites that the clomoin nanae
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`seen-doe sysiexil is oolmectalale to a virtual private mom-ml; {X-"'I”N) tl1n::sugl1 the c.on1l‘11ul1_ic—alio:1 n€~iWOI‘l<
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`and »:le'pem;le.nt: olalm 9 recites lllai
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`tlile virtual p;‘li\-me network
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`one of e. p‘l‘umllly of secure
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`::o:r111m1n.iceti_o:1 ll§.‘ll\‘S in 21 l3.iera.rel:ly of secure c.on1m‘un.ieat‘i.on links. {"504 patem‘ 56:S*l0.} Fl.u*l.her,
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`c'ie;‘lem:lemcla.l1‘11 l6 roeilzes that tlze “clome:in names service sgrstem co_:1figu1*ecl to support esial1lishi:‘lg
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`a. :secure corl1.l13u;nieetion llnfle: l>etween. {£1} first loezation anal {ail second location.” {_'‘304 patent 56:-—ilU—
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`£l3,_l}
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`another exalnple, claim 2? recites that the Llomaln Home
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`systetn
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`configutrecl to
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`enable establishment of a secure co:'1m1Lm'ic.ation linl-: between. 3 flrsl location eml la secondl loczztlon
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`l:;‘e1:1$pare.:1l:ly to 3 user at the fii‘St location.
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`(“SM pet‘e11l 5".f:l3l—ll6.} The im='e‘ntim1s c-o111l3i‘ne both
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`ease«o'f«use and Sn'3C'!.l’§.’lf}’ 3.S[}E3{31S wiitlmm sa<:;iifi<:i11g one or the other.
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`-*1,
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`one example of the me’ni'fes?;etion of the lo.n.g—1°el.t
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`l'.li3t3d_., the {)e‘fe.nse Adx-‘aimed
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`Research Projects Agency (“DARPA”) funded various research ‘p‘l”O§j.‘lT.’£ll'llS to ful‘tl'zer the science and
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`t'e;:l1;}e’log,y of l:1.l‘o:‘:m».m'on z1ssu.r::zm:e and slu‘\rix.-‘a’bili{'_y. DARPA pmgmn:1sl, such
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`the “ln’l‘:_m_n.al"i\on
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`Ass*ura11oe” and “Dy11a.lI1lo Coztlliisolls” prr.)gran15, were lhctlseti on the Ileed to p1‘oxl'ide €35-‘.§.*«to«enel3le
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`secure eolmmznications.
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`These gamjeots 1-eceivecl
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`eigxzifieaxxt
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`funtllng to be spent. elevelopilag
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`teclanologes that could solve this need. For exanlple, one such p.roject emitled.
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`Gene.rat1Ton
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`Internet” :‘ecelm':<:l i’ulnding in fiscal year l99.‘:l of3.pproxin1a.ie'ly $39.3 million, in 'Fis<:—al year W99 of
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`a.pp;*oxin1a1el},-= $sl9.5 million, and. in fiscal year 2000 of appro>;imately €340 million.
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`(fix. 8-1 at
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`VNET‘{"}{‘}2l93{".!2§ 3 i‘§3~32l._} ifmotlzer program funiied.
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`l3ARPA_, "‘l3}m3_:nlc Co.sllitlo.ns:," was created.
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`to address the elulliiy of the D€'.’~pElI‘{1}‘l€3!1ll
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`of E}e§‘7ense
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`to qu.icl<;l_3-' and i38.Sll§_a' enable secure
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`eomlmlnicatioos over the lntemet.
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`{}S’ee_. er. Ex. "B-2. at '\-"NE.'i"l.ll.l2 192%, 284, 298-299, 593, 52.5.3
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`5.
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`Accmriizig to DARPA official:-‘. at the time: “existixxg group 1rl1e.:nher5hi.p protocols
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`éiliidl not support {he secul'ity needs of multldi.menelona'l o.rgenizen‘ons. Tlae oveI‘m<el1.ing clialllenge
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`{wills e1‘eal:i1:,1g, secure groups .l‘o:piclly. This {wzfis a slignifiesmi; issue when eoumriezxi [we}re i’ec.ed will}.
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`an c_ape:‘atio:1 that requlreld} .én1medlate lmxlilnetlonel attemiolf’
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`(Ex) B6 at l.) Ds’-KRPA. ‘C{}I'!U”E1Cl€-d
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`wltlz some ofthe most sl-(llled ol'ga'ni.zalions in the area. o§“:sec:e‘ed L’:o.m':m.micat.io'nS imam efi1';:‘tto‘n‘1eel
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`its $ecu1'ity needs (e.g., I‘~lAl. fl,-alzvs,
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`21 ::li\.-'.lS.lo'n s:)fi’(}lE’ Security'._ Nt§l'T‘.\;'{}.l‘l~I Associates ‘lm:o‘;‘;)o‘;‘ate-d, L03
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`2
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 2
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 2
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`

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`COI.1‘{i'Ui No. 95500} ,?'88
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`Aiigeies, and the sV£icr0eis3ct:‘mi.ics Centesr cifNm‘th CamE.ii1a, Research Triangle ’Park., Niinh Camlina,
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`well as 3'0l"ms E:i0pi<i'ns Uii.i‘s=ersity, BElii1iiT1{}f¢3; Ntifihwstern Unive1'sit§,=, BQSi.Q‘I}; and ‘i.-"er‘id.i£in-PSR,
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`Ariiiigmn,
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`,\r’(i1'g]ii'1i£i:i. Uri. at 1.}
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`In aii, mare than 15 organizatioiis were, re.seai‘ching, the ‘<.-“minus
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`cmnipoiieiits that macis.~:- up the pmgra.nis iitiitiated by the Department Bf Defense. {Id} H‘nwe~.vei', mane
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`of these pi'es£:igiou.s i1ist.iti;iI.ici:'1s c:a'n‘1aup with 3 SOi£l‘i1i(1l‘3., during the relax-‘zu1tii':_m'2 fximiie, cinse if) what
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`is d_i$c§i3sed and ciai.i1ieci in the ‘S04 patent.
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`(M. an i-4.} Tliai
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`they did 110*; de'\-’e.iop a solution £1131‘
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`priwided a domain l1a.fl'l¢2 service for izstabiisiriing 2: secure ccsnnmiiriiczition iink,
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`6.
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`As it S&C0‘fl(i
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`i.=:>:s:n1pie of the ioiig-fifii need {in ihe i11vsm'icii‘is sf the ’50~"¥ patent
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`h:i—Q—'1‘ei, wiiirczh
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`2:
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`ix-'ei'1tu.x'e
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`c;ts.pits.§. film that
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`iiwesiss in c0'mp::mie.\:
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`iiieveiiigaiiig c.uti:ii‘1g edge
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`technology ainied at suppmrtiiig the United States i!1i‘.'L‘.iiig€31CB
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`c0inn11mi_ty,
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`in.cli_i<iin.g the (‘entail
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`Intelligence .<"Xf'_.!,'S‘JflC-:'}’ ({3f£A},
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`fum‘ii:<;i the Qi'igi:1ai <:iew=:icipii-iaiit of the tec'¥1:m|og_3-= with 3fp‘p‘£'[):<iT}}a.i€i§’
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`$53.4 million.
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`lji1.—Q—'3T’iai’S wi1li.i1g.:i.ess to 8¥'lIE‘£i‘ iiiite 3 relationship ‘with SAFE.‘ {the iciriginzii aissignee of
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`the applicatimii i‘.ii.at iezd to the ‘S04 pzifent) ‘Em’ the {i€\-’£;‘.ii:\p'£7I‘i(;‘.I}‘t' csf this te<:i.m0i.ogy‘ filfiiiel‘ e3vi.de.nc.es 3.
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`it'}!‘l§_i:-fflit "need for teciiimilogy that made it easy and £.‘()iJ\~"8I1ii3I.‘i{ 10 enaiiie seirure COITITIIIH1.iCai2i{3T1S.
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`fr’.
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`A ‘iilifd essiiipie was tiiie ester}: to which SAEC intemsiiy 'f'ui1i:ied the ,l‘i3St3£U‘£‘..i1 amd
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`devei0pn::e:1t oft}i.e teciin:3]i)gy.
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`‘i-Vheiri i was ei:i1pluye.:i at f§AIC_._ its bus.ine53 ‘nwdei was to 3:311. 1mm‘.<_a
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`to iihe federai gm‘e3‘1131ient. Sr‘-\IiC was iimi siniclttlmci to biri.mgg p.1'mi.u.i:.!:‘s to the l".E18‘£."i§E[_, whi.i:11 ii\;picalI§‘y'
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`requires S‘ig!1ifiCa11i iiitemai imestmeiits in *research and deveicspment.
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`in an aV*&l‘3.g€~ year during the
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`<iei='eio;m:iei1t of the‘:
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`t<':ci?1i1oi0gy ‘that’
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`led to the ‘S04 p21{'f;3I‘1f, SAIC. would spend spprc_ixi.:n2n:i:1j:‘ 132
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`miiiiun on in'l‘emai 1‘e25e3z:t_x‘s:.h and d.eve¥()p1i‘1e1i1i efforts.
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`In the ixase of the teciliiicaiog}-' s:iai.i11e£} in the
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`‘$04 'piatem, SAIC‘. imestied. $1.7 n1i’liion, wiiiczh represems shims: the eI3ti‘I‘€t}~’ of SAZC."s im‘Eei'iia.i
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`rese.ai*c.§i Elllii deveiopnaeiit budget for 0113 whole: yiifli‘. A technoiogy ieview cimrimitiee aiso ‘:l{J{J1‘.‘Q\.-'€(.i
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`our tezmfs patem Ci€3'\-“€.‘ii)pJtT.}E:I'1?;
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`ei‘fm‘ts Ellld costs on an i'mgi'iing' basis. A ti1.i'£‘d _;:~srtj,= {£‘.s:n‘ii3:‘idge
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`Straiegic Mzmagemem Group or CTSMCX} also siibsiamiated she value. i:sf‘the tediiieiogy. Mei'eovei', a
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`sign.ific.am percentzige (if aii of S.:¢\.iC’s patismt dei-=e.I»:_ip1m:nt effcms iizmz f(‘)Ci}S£‘-Ci can this i£3Ci1i3()i\0§:{}".
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`I
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`unaierstand that‘ .‘§:°\}Ci spent aiie~‘ii1ird of its tititai. paieiii. _pm‘ti{"01‘ii'i effens mi our patent pm't.ib1i0 at that
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`time.
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`in fact, as <ien1oi1siratecl in an article wsitteii befhre the daimed imrentimis of the T304
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`v,r;3atem_.
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`it was widei;¢ I‘t3C-{}].'_!J).'i;eI8£i that pmx-=’icli.ng SE‘.CftiT8 rrciiioie aecass ti‘;
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`2: L,-r‘-KN or
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`was
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`exire.inei.y d.ifficui‘t for IT siippori flasks,
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`(Es. 8-4 at 1.}
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`In that time period, l‘E1’£)0iE: access
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`“a
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`n_igi.mn:sre fin s1.ippm*t desks‘ Staflms nevei‘ i¥:n[e}w what. co1*nbi.i1ati.0i1 of CPU, modem, <_ipei‘ati_i1g
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`33-'stei31 and so'ftwai'e cm1figui'a'iieii
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`they [vi-Ere} going is him‘:
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`to sLi;'3;'mrt," and 8.ddiI‘l{'§
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`the
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`c0;I11:ne1‘ci.a.iiy—s:x-ailshis ’\?"}?‘.N s0ftv..-'aI‘e 0211:; made Imtters worse.
`'1
`_)
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`{i‘d._}
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 3
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 3
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`

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`Comm! N0. Qfifilill 3'88
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`9,
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`This article precisely eapturedi the cenlputer gmcl lnternet seeu.rit};= lndustry"s amtude
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`toward the t:'a<le0ll?i"l}em-'ee11 ‘the ease {If use of a se»'.:ure 3}wsie.:11¢ snail} as :1.
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`‘L~’Pl‘\”=' system, for the werage
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`eompute:*:.1se2'ans:lthe security that the VPN system prm=lcled..
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`“£‘l1e article ree0gnized.tl1a:ttl1e “ease of
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`inslallatima isn’t always a gem} thjxzg:
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`In many cases, the easier the client is to install, the less secure
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`it
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`(Id. at 2.) 'l"l‘1e claimed? invemions Oftllfi “SM gmteni, wliicll prm-’lcle a tilfilllillll name service .l'b1'
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`E‘-Sl’£ili)llSl}l’!3g it secure ::o;1'11'1m.nicati0n llul»: {fm example._ a ‘\»"l3’N ecunmuxllcatlon link}, colnhine both
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`ease of use amzl setguriry a.:~_:pects witlrnmlt eaclrlficli.:1g (me or the other.
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`l0.
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`3'3.-il0:‘e»:n=ex', Inalxy e?t:l3er3 befme and amurlcl the lime ef the im-‘e_:1tir;;x1s claimed ln the
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`$04 p;::l:ent Elm-'e attexnpteti
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`to S{)l\-'8
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`the need ef eas;«'-lee-‘ulse metlmds of enzibllng, secure
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`cm'111m1n.icati_o:1$ em-‘er the lntemet. But, :15 -:li.<3c.ussed abm-‘e, nlamv‘ 0.’? tl1ese attempts lam-"e failed. For
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`exa1t1§3le., a‘lespi’;e im-*esting enormous zu‘m>um:s of mane}.-' and erllistlng the .resm;n‘ces c3i"nu1Ize:‘s';Lls
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`p.resl:igi.eus ins{:ltul:i0I1s and theil‘ ‘taflentecl empleyeels,
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`lI)ARl’A’s projects still fell far sllori of the
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`s:la.in1e«;l i.m*eml0n::: 0H.l3.e ’504 patent. {See
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`$5, _s'up-m',)
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`l
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`Ad.d.lt.ic):1z1lly_., as d.is<:'ussed above, no one had yet aclliex-=ed the Iesulis oftlie claimed
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`im-*e1:1tiorns of me 3:04 patent‘ in that time peried, 'l3ec.ause: remote aecees was
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`11ig;l1l‘;m.a1‘e" for support‘
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`deslsrs to I1-a.mlle, and ad{ii.n.g the c«;m1merciaIlguavailallle VPN stulln-‘are was even more elifficlult.
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`In
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`'fat:.l, at llxie lime, the S£3C-1.ll'll‘j.’ lmlxlstrj.-‘ ge11erall_v \:'iewe»:l 82136 of me email VPN Si3C1l‘fl.[}«’ as Illiilillyéllly
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`exclusive.
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`{Sega
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`8-9, sz:;m;z.} By p:'m=idlng a domain name service lltu“ estalzallislling a secure
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`em11Im1.n.icalii.0:1 link, the im-'enti0ns 0l"ll1e ‘T304 patent prm:'ider,l a systein fm‘ easily establishing; secure
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`coxlnmxnitzation llnl<s wltlmuti sacl'.ificl"ng sec‘a:;‘ity._ 1}1e.:‘eb_y ’:§1lCCt’-E,’-L'll.l} g wlwere olllers _i'Iai.le{l.
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`l2.
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`The claimled. inventions of the ":'iO4 patent laaxe been c::unmerc.ia‘l1y suec.essful, fur
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`exemple, thmugh the licensing reventles they l1a.ve generated for \=’imetX.
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`ln luly 2002?
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`a
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`leacfing previa‘le:‘ ef l¥ltBl‘ll8t security teelllwzuflogy that is the ale facts standard in the \-"'Pl\l izxdustzy,
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`entered. into 2: portfelle license with SARI to incorpmale features lute Sal‘eNet“s 1,ii‘i£2lE,l‘,l§.-"'ll‘1§_'_
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`\«'PE\ls.
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`Sa.l‘el.‘€e1’lic:ensecl
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`the patents 'be<:a.use ol‘feat1:res clisclcjsed and cl::1imefi in the palems, including these
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`in the "3051 patent.
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`lVllCl'{)S0ll; has 21150 enterrecl into a. Sll‘£lll.d.ff liszense {hat incimies the ’5{l4 ‘patent.
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`"EM-'llc’r0ls€1fl
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`enf.e§'e+;:l lute its license with Vlrnetffii after it W35 found to llave lllfringecl two othel‘ Vi1*netX
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`patents in the same ir‘:;m1il}=’, resulting in. it danmges awarszl 0f‘c.wer one hunalrecl .mi.lli.on doll.a.rs, leading
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`11l€l¥}1al€l_'y‘t+;)
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`21 liazeuse agreenlexlt 0‘f'iw0’l1u:1clre<:l mil lien du'lla:*s.
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`l3.
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`llze claimed *ir1a-'e.m:i::ms ml‘ the ‘S04 ‘patent’ were also: C-D11U'3;£‘}’ to the accleptede wisdom
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`at the time of the .in\«'emiim1s. For e>:m.11ple, there was 21 general ululerstzlmzlmg that reliable Sflcllfltj,-’
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`could 0ni}~' be achieved t"lm‘mgl1 diff?cult—m—p1=m:'.islot}
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`and easy—m-set~up- C~£'JI‘1I‘lEC-tlfills coulzl net
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`lie secure. This belief was 2‘e.l13f0rced lay the ll‘ csffices of mam}.-‘ large eo1npr;mies and ins1:i.tu1:i.ens,
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`4
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 4
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 4
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`

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`Comm! N0. QSEOQH 3'88
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`wlmse fiiveliheed depended en the need fer ¥1.igh}j,>-t.:'ai11ed. spe::i.a.¥i.s:s to ammge secure network
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`cmlxlectiens.
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`H.
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`The industry had lung accepted as a fact that secure systems, such as X-"PN systems,
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`would he dif1‘.‘icu1t
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`to set up, and.
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`the secure co1nn1u:1ieatien modes eouid not be easily and.
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`ccmvenie.ntly enabled.
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`in 2: E999 artielie eni‘it1é:~t‘3 “(TE-(")5 {lhew the \<'PN Fat" fillet predictied what the
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`fm‘:u1‘e 11e}d for the eta;rt—L:p e0m_;1a.n.ies that deveioped
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`the wish iist (Ed not exen acidress the type
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`of solutions proxrified by the "504 patent, sruch as :1 domain name service for est.ab1isThi.n.g se::ur‘e
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`ccn‘1nmm'ie.at:'en links. (Ex. B-5 at 1-2.)
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`If».
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`The tec-hx'101eg;,.-' ef the ’37{}4 -patent was a§s:::~ met‘ with skep1:i.cism by those slciiied in
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`the an who iearned of em im-“entions.
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`Szmfl Sajadjari, 3. prcxgratxa m2m:~_1ger for D.ATRTPA, infemaed.
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`Edmund Manger, El e.0~-inventmf cf the ’5D4 patent, thai. eur ieehnelogy ‘~'-‘."Q1!i.~i‘i never be adopted.
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`Manreex.-'e1‘._ the IT ::)ffiee;§ of n'1a.11y iarge c:em'pa1:1ies anti inst'itufiens e>:p1'essed skep:‘:i.s:<ism that secure
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`::mmecti.on.s could eve!‘ be enabhsszi email}-= by regular c.empute.:‘ users,
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`Sevemi evems gist‘: deilwnstraiie praise fur the zim-‘enn?o.ns in me ?50»iI» patent by itimse
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`in the field.
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`..~’-8.5 d.iseu.ssed above, SARI i.t1ves‘fed a dis‘pm'pe‘rtienaiely iaxge pereemage of its meme}
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`.reseu_rees in the tecilzloiegyt
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`Sa.{’eNet. and F\»Iic1‘0sufit have both ficeneed the teehm_3¥.egy of the ’5f}-1~
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`patem. A stuaiy done by CSMG £1130 przlised. {he im¢"ez1t.i()e;.1S.
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`fin} Rut! at N1eh\-‘ark Sa'Jh1tii.U:11e,_ whfizh
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`was acqmed
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`Verisigg.21, praiseed.ax1t:3expressed significant interest in the techne‘¥ogy and.wo11idha‘v‘e
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`im-"este<3 but for a x;hang,e in t:ir;:unf:st‘an.ees at his ;:c31npm.1f;'.
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`K declare ‘ii1a?l1 ail sialiemems made he.:‘e.i1".1 of my own :¥i.i};i3V$§;z‘3{ig€ are mm. and their ail
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`statements made on information and belief are believed to be true, and further, that these statements
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`were made with the ktmvdecige that wilifixl
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`statements anti the like so ma.de are pun.is.heb}.e by
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`fine orinmrise:‘1men'i, or bath, under Section 1001 e.{"'I‘.iiie IS effixe United St‘e'tee Cede, £Ult'} that such
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`wiiifule faise etatements may j€«C!}}31‘d.iZE the va.1'ic§ity of the 50¢} patent.
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`Dated: March 29, 2012.
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`BV:
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`;’Rai:~en'. Dunham Short HI.-"‘
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`Robert Dm1ha..m Shigfi H{
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`‘J:
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 5
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`Petitioner Apple - Ex. 1053, p. 5