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`Patent Owner Evolutionary Intelligence LLC - Ex. 2001 - Page 1
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`Patent Owner Evolutionary Intelligence LLC - Ex. 2001 - Page 1
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`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052—6399
`
`Copyright © 1999 by Microsdt Corporation
`
` PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
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`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging—in-Publieation Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary. -~ 4th ed.
`p. cm.
`Previous eds. published under title: Microsoft Press computer
`dictionary
`ISBN 0—?356—0615—3
`
`2. Microcomputers Dictionaries.
`1. Computers Dictionaries.
`I. Microsoft Press computer dictionary.
`QA76.15.M538
`1999
`004'.03——dc21
`
`99—20168
`CIP
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`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
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`about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft Press
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`Inc. Kodak is a registered trademark of the Eastman Kodak Company. Intel is a registered trademark and Indeo
`is a trademark of Intel Corporation. Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, Active Platform, AetiveX,
`Authenticode, BaekOffiee, Directlnput, DirectX, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, MS-DOS, MSN, NetMeeting,
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`Windows NT, and XENIX are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
`United States andfor other countries. PANTONE is a registered trademark of Pantone, Inc. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, people, and events depicted herein are fictitious. No associa-
`tion with any real company, organization, product, person, or event is intended or should be inferred.
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`Patent Owner Evolutionary Intelligence LLC - Ex. 2001 - Page 2
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`

`imntainer
`
`5 eoeit‘tISWitching
`
`keep track of conversations, e-mail, and other forms
`of communication with a large number of current and
`prospective customers or clients. See also database.
`
`container n. 1. In OLE terminology, a file containing
`linked or embedded objects. See also OLE. 2. In
`SGML, an element that has content as opposed to
`one consisting solely of the tag name and attributes.
`I See also element (definition 2), SGML, tag (defini—
`tion 3).
`
`content n. l. The data that appears between the start—
`ing and ending tags of an element in an SGML or
`HTML document. The content of an element may
`consist of plain text or other elements. See also ele—
`ment (definition 2), HTML, SGML, tag (definition
`3}. 2. The message body of a newsgroup article or e—
`mail message. 3. The “meat” of a document, as op—
`posed to its format or appearance.
`
`content-addressed storage a. See associative storage.
`content aggregator n. 1. Broadly, an organization or
`business that groups Internet-based information by
`topic or area of interest—for example, sports scores,
`business news, or online shopping—to provide users
`with a means of accessing that content from a single
`location. 2. In terms of push technology and
`multicasting, a service business that mediates be—
`tween subscribers (“customers”) and content provid—
`ers by gathering and organizing information for
`broadcast over the Internet. Content aggregators sup—
`ply subscribers with client software through which
`content providers broadcast (push) information via
`“channels” that allow users both to choose the kind
`
`of information they receive and to decide when they
`want it updated. Also called channel aggregator. See
`also push, webcasting. Compare content provider.
`
`0111 0110
`O
`O
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`0010 0001
`I
`I
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`0100 0101
`I
`O
`
`0011 0000
`I
`O
`
`1100 1111
`O
`I
`
`1001 1000
`O
`O
`
`1101 1110
`I
`I
`
`1010 1011
`O
`I
`
`time slice.
`
`contention rt. On a network, competition among
`nodes for the opportunity to use a communications
`line or network resource. In one sense, contention
`applies to a situation in which two or more devices
`
`attempt to transmit at the same time, thus causing a
`collision on the line. In a somewhat different sense,
`contention also applies to a free—for—all method of
`controlling access to a communications line, in
`which the right to transmit is awarded to the station
`that wins control of the line. See also CSMAICD.
`Compare token passing.
`
`content provider n. l. Broadly, an individual, group,
`or business that provides information for viewing or
`distribution on the Internet or on private or semipri—
`vate intranets or extranets. Content in this sense in—
`cludes not only information but also video, audio,
`software, listings of Web sites, and product-specific
`materials such as online catalogs. 2. A service busi—
`ness that makes Internet information resources avail—
`able to users. Content providers include online
`services such as America Online and CompuServe,
`Internet service providers (ISPs), and an increasing
`number of media companies representing television,
`long-distance telephone, and publishing industries.
`See also online information service, ISP. Compare
`content aggregator.
`
`contents directory :1. A series of queues that contain
`the descriptors and addresses of routines located
`within a region of memory.
`
`context-dependent adj. Of, pertaining to, or charac-
`teristic of a process or a set of data characters whose
`meaning depends on the surrounding environment.
`context-sensitive help a. A form of assistance in
`which a program that provides on—screen help shows
`information to the user concerning the current com-
`mand or operation being attempted.
`
`context-sensitive menu it. A menu that highlights
`options as available or unavailable depending on the
`context in which the option is called. The menus on
`Windovvs’ menu bar, for example, are context sensi—
`tive; options such as “copy" are grayed out if nothing
`is selected.
`
`context switching it. A type of multitasking: the act
`of turning the central processor‘s “attention" from
`one task to another, rather than allocating increments
`of time to each task in turn. See also multitasking.
`
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`
`
`gaspisCharge-fiigway .
`
`_
`
`_.
`
`.
`
`
`
`
`
`GeneralProteotfon Fault
`
`gas-discharge display a. A type of flat—panel display,
`used on some portable computers, containing neon
`between a horizontal and a vertical set of electrodes.
`
`When one electrode in each set is charged, the neon
`glows (as in a neon lamp) where the two electrodes
`intersect, representing a pixel. Also called gas-
`plasma display. See also flat—panel display, pixel.
`
`gas-plasma display a. See gas—discharge display.
`
`gate :1. 1. An electronic switch that is the elementary
`component of a digital circuit. It produces an electri-
`cal output signal that represents a binary l or 0 and is
`related to the states of one or more input signals by
`an operation of Boolean logic, such as AND, OR, or
`NOT. Also called logic gate. See also gate array. 2..
`The input terminal of a field—effect transistor (FET).
`Also called gate electrode. See also drain (definition
`1), PET, MOSFET, source (definition 2). 3. A data
`structure used by 80386 and higher microprocessors
`to control access to privileged functions, to change
`data segments, or to switch tasks.
`
`gate array It. A special type of chip that starts out as a
`nonspecific collection of logic gates. Late in the
`manufacturing process, a layer is added to connect
`the gates for a specific function. By changing the
`pattern of connections, the manufacturer can make
`the chip suitable for many needs. This process is very
`popular because it saves both design and manufactur—
`ing time. The drawback is that much of the chip goes
`unused. Also called application—specific integrated
`circuit, logic array.
`
`gated adj. 1. Transmitted through a gate to a sub—
`sequent electronic logic element. 2. Transmitted
`through a gateway to a subsequent network or ser—
`vice. For example, a mailing list on BITNET may be
`gated to a newsgroup on the Internet.
`
`gate electrode a. See gate (definition 2).
`
`gateway n. A device that connects networks using
`different communications protocols so that informa-
`tion can be passed from one to the other. A gateway
`both transfers information and converts it to a form
`
`compatible with the protocols used by the receiving
`network. Compare bridge.
`
`gating circuit a. An electronic switch whose output is
`either on or off, depending on the state of two or
`more inputs. For example, a gating circuit may be
`used to pass or not pass an input signal, depending
`on the states of one or more control signals. A gating
`
`circuit can be constructed from one or more logic
`gates. See also gate (definition l).
`
`GB \gig’a-bit‘, jig ’o—bit‘\ a. See gigabyte.
`Gbps a. See gigabits per second.
`
`GDI n. Acronym for Graphical Device Interface. in
`Windows, a graphics display system used by applies
`tions to display or print bitmappcd text (TrueType
`fonts), images, and other graphical elements. The
`GDI is responsible for drawing dialog boxes, buttons,
`and other elements in a consistent style on screen by
`calling the appropriate screen drivers and passing
`them the information on the item to be drawn. The
`
`_
`GDI also works with GDI printers, which have lini-
`itcd ability to prepare a page for printing. Instead. th-
`GDI handles that task by calling the appropriate
`printer drivers and moving the image or document
`directly to the printer, rather than reformatting the
`image or document in PostScript or another printer
`language. See also bitmapped font, dialog box,
`driver, PostScript.
`
`geek n. 1. Generally, a person who enjoys cerebral ac- '
`tivities (such as wordplay or computer progmmmrgy
`more than the mainstream population does. GeeksII _
`this sense increasingly claim the word with pride. til
`it may give offense when used by others, suggesting
`inadequacy in normal social relationships. 2. A cons '
`puter expert or specialist. For issues of etiquette. sec _
`definition 1. Compare guru, techie, wirard.
`
`gender bender it. See gender changer.
`
`gender changer n. A device for joining two connec—
`tors that are either both male (having pins) or bod:
`female (having sockets). See the illustration. Also
`called gender bender.
`
`'
`
`
`
`Gender changer:
`
`General Protection Fault a The error condition
`
`occurs in an 80386 or higher processor running {III
`protected mode (such as Windows 3 1) when an
`plication attempts to access memory outside of i5
`
`
`
`202
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`
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`relation
`
`of the screen' typically refreshes the entire image area
`at a rate of about 60 hertz, or 60 times per second.
`Interlaced monitors, which redraw alternate lines
`during each sweep of the electron beam, actually
`refresh any particular line only 30 times per second.
`Because odd and even lines are refreshed on succes-
`sive sweeps, however, the effective refresh rate is 60
`times per secdnd.
`_
`
`REGEDIT \rej’ed‘it\ a. See Registry Editor.
`
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`'_
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`'
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`
`regenerate vb. See rewrite.
`regeneration buffer a. See video buffer.
`regenerate-r a. See repeater.
`region a. 1. An area dedicated to or reserved for a
`particular purpose. 2. In video programming, a con—
`tiguous group of pixels that are treated as a unit. On
`the Macintosh, for example, a region is an area in a
`grafPort that can be defined and manipulated as an
`entity. The visible working area within a window is
`an example of a region. See also grafi’ort.
`region fill a. In computer graphics, the technique of
`filling a defined region on the screen with a selected
`color, pattern, or other attribute. See also region.
`register a. A set of bits of high-speed memory within
`a microprocessor or other electronic device, used to
`hold data for a particular purpose. Each register in a
`central processing unit is referred to in assembly lan-
`guage programs by a name such as AX (the register
`that contains the results of arithmetic operations in
`an Intel 80x86 processor) or SP {the register that
`contains the memory address of the top of the stack
`in various processors).
`' registration a. The process of precisely aligning ele~
`
`I ments or superimposing layers in a document or a
`graphic so that everything will print in the correct
`
`relative position. See also registration marks.
`
`'_ registration marks a. Marks placed on a page so that
`
`in printing, the elements or layers in a document can
`
`be arranged correctly with respect to each other.
`
`Each element to be assembled contains its own regis-
`
`tration marks; when the marks are precisely superim-
`
`posed, the elements are in the correct position. See
`
`: me illustration.
`
`$
`
`1
`
`' traitor: marks.
`
`
`
`Registry or registry n. A central hierarchical database
`in Windows 9x, Windows CE, Windows NT, and
`Windows 2000 used to store information necessary to
`configure the system for one or more users, applica—
`tions, and hardware devices. The Registry contains
`information that Windows continually references
`during operation, such as profiles for each user, the
`applications installed on the computer and the types
`of documents each can create, property sheet settings
`for folders and application icons, what hardware ex—
`ists on the system, and which ports are being used.
`The Registry replaces most of the text—based .ini files
`used in Windows 3.x and MS-DOS configuration
`files, such as AUTOEXECBAT and CONFIGSYS.
`Although the Registry is common to the several Win—
`dows platforms, there are some differences among
`them. Also called System Registry. See also hierar-
`chical database, .ini, inputtoutput port, property
`sheet, Registry Editor.
`Registry Editor :1. An application under Windows 9x
`and Windows NT that allows the user to edit the en-
`tries in the Registry. Acronym: REGEDlT. See also
`Registry.
`regression analysis a. In statistics, an analysis of the
`degree to which variations in an independent variable
`affect a dependent variable (a variable whose value
`depends on the value of another variable). See also
`multiple regression.
`regression testing a. Complete retesting of a modi-
`fied program, rather than a test of only the modified
`routines, to ensure that no errors have been intro-
`duced with the modifications.
`
`relation a. A structure composed of attributes (indi-
`vidual characteristics, such as name or address, cor-
`responding to the columns in a table) and tuples (sets
`of attribute values describing particular entities, such
`as customers, corresponding to the rows in a table).
`Within a relation, tuples cannot be repeated; each
`must be unique. Further, tuples are unordered within
`a relation; interchanging two tuples does not change
`the relation. Finally, if relational theory is to be ap—
`plicable, the domain of each attribute must be
`atomic—that is, a simple value, rather than a struc-
`ture such as an array or a record. A relation in which
`the domains of all attributes are atomic is said to be
`normalized or in first normal form. See also normal
`form (definition 1).
`
`379
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