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`PATENT APPLICATION SERIAL N0. _____.__
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`US. DEPARTMENT OF ' COMMERCE
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`04/27/1999 MUILLQRI 00000032 081641
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`

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`ATTORNEY DOCKET NO.
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`FILING DATE
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`25005-0001
`04/16/99
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`CONFIRMATION NO. 4635
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`FILING DATE
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`RUSSELL. TODD BERMAN, SAN JOSE, CA;
`MICHAEL ANDREW RADFORD, LOS ANGELES, CA;
`BRETT AUSTIN KENNEDY, SANTA MONICA, CA;
`DAVID KIY'OSHI MATSUMOTO, SAN JOSE, CA;
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`"'* CCWTINUING DATA *~k***********************
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`M FOREIGN APPLICATIONS ********************
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`IF REQUIRED, FOREIGN FILING LICENSE GRANTED“
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`ADDRESS
`RUSSELL. T. BERMAN
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`2156 16TH AVENUE
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`SAN FRANCISCO ,CA 94116
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`Yamaha Corporation of America
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`Exhibit 1019 Page 8
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 8
`
`

`

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`146
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`122
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`*Redticed by Basic Filing Fee Paid
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`Fee Description
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`Free Paid
`
`Surcharge - late filing fee or oath
`Surcharge - late provisional filing or
`cover sheet
`Non-English specification
`For filing a request for reexamination
`Requesting publication of SlR prior to
`Examiner action
`Requesting publication of SIR after
`Examiner action
`Extension for response Within first month
`Extension for response within second month
`Extension for response within third month
`Extension for response within fourth month
`Extension for response within fifth month
`Notice of Appeal
`Filing a brief in support of an appeal
`Request for oral hearing
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`property (times number of properties)
`Filinga submission after final rejection
`(37 CFR 1129(8))
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`
`SUBTOTAL (3)
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`independent claims in excess of 3
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`*‘ Reissue claims in excess of 20
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`SUBTOTAL 2
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`
`
`
`1‘ yped or F'rin ed Name
`
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`
`COMPLETE (if applicable)
`Reg. Number
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`i):\CL|E|\ T‘tZ‘ 5006\0001 \FEE .TRN
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 9
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 9
`
`

`

`I):\('fl.'JENI’\25006\000 l \SYN ETIX.WPD
`
`SYSTEM FOR PLAYBACK OF NETWORK
`
`AUDIO MATERIAL ON DEMAND
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`:5
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`'1. Field of the Invention
`
`This invention relates generally to music playback systems and, more particularly, to
`
`playback of network audio material in response to user command.
`
`2. Description of the Related Art
`
`Two popular means of listening to digitally encoded audio material are conventional
`
`home audio music playback systems that include conventional media players that reproduce
`
`recorded music information and computer—based systems that typically include a standard
`
`personal computer (PC) or similar machine capable of utilizing a variety of digital music
`
`formats, including pre-recorded media and computer audio files. Both types of systems permit
`
`users to initiate playback of a selected piece of audio material, such as recorded songs or other
`
`music.
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 10
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 10
`
`

`

`Oz'iCLIE N'l‘\25006\000l\SYNETlX.WPD
`
`-2-
`
`Conventional home audio music systems typically include a player that accepts media
`
`encoded with digital audio material. Such media include the compact disc (CD), MiniDisc
`
`(MD), and digital audio tape (DAT) formats. The CD format comprises a plastic—coated
`
`aluminum substrate from which digital audio material can be optically retrieved. The MiniDisc
`
`is a magneto—optical storage format. The DAT format comprises a tape substrate with. a
`
`magnetic recording layer in which digital audio material is magnetically recorded. The CD
`
`format is the most popular current means of delivering recorded music and offers the largest
`
`library of recorded works for selection. Other popular media for playback of digital music
`
`information include the "Laserdisc" (LD) format and the "Digital Video Disc" (DVD) format,
`
`lboth of which can combine video information with music or other digital audio information. All
`
`of these formats offer a relatively stable recording media, high quality audio reproduction,
`
`convenient storage and playback, and simple operation of players.
`
`Home audio players, such as CD players and DAT players, can provide exceptional
`
`quality sound reproduction, made all the better because such players are typically connected to
`
`
`
`
`
`
`lfi
`
`a relatively good quality, home high-fidelity music system. The CD format discs are convenient
`
`because they are especially easy to store and take up comparatively little storage space. Playback
`
`ofCDs also is convenient, because the CD player is ready to read the digital. audio material upon
`
`power—up of (application of electrical power to) the player. For playback the discs are simply
`
`inserted into a CD player‘s tray or slot and started with simple one—button operation. In addition,
`
`2 (l
`
`such home music systems are typically arranged in a comfortable setting within the home. Such
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 11
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 11
`
`

`

`
`
`(“l:\CI.l'EN"l\25006\000 1 \S YNET]X.WPD
`
`
`
`home music systems typically include, in addition to the CD player that reads the digital audio
`
`material and produces a playback signal, one or more amplification and control devices, signal
`
`processors, and power amplifiers to process and amplify the analog playback signal, and also a
`
`set of loudspeakers, to receive the amplified playback signal and convert it to sound.
`
`Home music systems permit a user to initiate playback on demand by the selection of an
`
`appropriate disc or tape media. The selection, however, must be made from the user's personal
`
`collection of media on hand, which limits the available music to that which the user has
`
`purchased, borrowed, or otherwise received. This limits the repertory from which the user may
`
`select and discourages many users from review of and experimentation with audio material and
`
`musical products. This is undesirable from the perspective of the music industry, because it is
`
`believed that such experimentation and review can lead to further sales of recorded audio
`
`material. Borrowing media from another user or from a commercial enterprise, thereby
`
`expanding the library of material available to include that which is maintained by acquaintances
`
`or rental shops but this is not convenient.
`
`In contrast to the home audio system with CD or DAT player, the conventional
`
`computer—based system with appropriate software and hardware can provide music either from
`
`prerecorded digital media or from computer audio files. For purposes of this discussion, the
`
`computer-based playback system will be referred to as a PC-based system, regardless of the
`
`computer on which it is based.
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 12
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 12
`
`

`

`():\CLIENT\25006\000l\SYNETIX.WPD
`
`if the PC—based system includes a CD-ROM drive and sound card, for example, a CD
`
`with digital audio material can be inserted into the drive and the: sound recorded on the CD can
`
`be listened to through PC speakers that receive output from the sound card. This mode of
`
`listening has the same limitations of repertoire as the home audio CD player. Moreover, the
`
`typical PC—based system does not have audio components as good as that of the typical home
`
`audio system, and is usually not located in as comfortable a setting as the typical home audio
`
`system.
`
`A PC—based system with access to a network such as the Internet can, with the
`
`appropriate software, download audio material for playback. This audio material can comprise,
`
`for example, digitized sound clips stored as ".wav" files, MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group)
`
`Audio Layer 3 (MP3) compressed-audio files, streaming audio formats for continuous play of
`
`audio material, and other digital formats for the storage of audio material, all of which can be
`
`stored on a fixed media and received by the PC. More recently, another sound file format called
`
`the Secure Digital Music Initiative (SDMI) has been proposed. Alternatively, the audio material
`
`can be received from a network file server, and then stored on the hard drive of the PC itself.
`
`Additional software can be used for convenient organization of downloaded music files. Other
`
`aidio material may comprise streaming audio files, which require additional streaming audio
`
`playback software.
`
`Such network downloading of music can vastly expand the repertory from which the user
`
`may select, and encourages review of and experimentation with audio material. Again, however,
`
`
`
`
`
`15
`
`20
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 13
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 13
`
`

`

`():\(:?L[EN'I‘\25006\000l\SYNET‘[X.WPD
`
`-5-
`
`the PC—based system provides limited enjoyment because the typical PC—based system does not,
`
`have audio components as good as that of the typical home audio system, and is usually not
`the typical home audio system. Furthermore, the PC—based
`
`located in as comfortable a setting as
`system is not as convenient to use as the home audio system, because the PC is typically located
`in a work environment away from the home audio system, and the operating system of the PC
`requires an initial lengthy boot—up process that loads an operating system from peripheral
`storage, the launching of appropriate player software, and the navigation. of a potentially
`complicated software interface with multiple windows and. drop—down menus to select before
`
`initiating playback each time the user wants to listen to audio material.
`In addition, operating a PC—based system, gaining Internet access, and downloading audio
`
`files can require computer skills not possessed by the average listener, in addition to requiring
`the initial purchase ofthe computer equipment. Peripheral playback devices also may need to
`be installed on the PC—based system, requiring knowledge ofthe operating system and peripheral
`
`interface, and some ofthese formats only provide low—fidelity playback that is adequate for audio
`while working at the computer, but is not useful as an adjunct or replacement for the home audio
`
`
`
`
`
`
`system and CD player.
`Some forms of PC—based systems also are meeting with resistance from commercial
`
`music industry interests and from artists because of the potential for widespread copyright
`
`violation and the difficulty of policing the download and duplication of audio information files
`
`20
`
`by users. The availability ofnetwork databases and the download and duplication of audio files
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 14
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 14
`
`

`

`O:\CLIENT\25006\000l\SYNETlX.WPD
`
`—6—
`
`make it almost
`
`impossible to monitor and control the distribution of recorded musical
`
`performances. Some PC—based systems also may be problematic in view of governmental
`
`regulation, such as the Audio Home Recording Act passed by the USA. legislature, which
`
`under certain conditions mandates a serial copy management system (SCMS) to control digital
`
`copying. It would be advantageous to provide a system that is capable of interfacing with home
`
`audio systems for high quality playback, that has access to the large repertory possible through
`
`network databases, and would have the acceptance of commercial music interests and artists.
`
`From the discussion above, it should be apparent that there is a need for a system that can
`
`provide playback of a Wide range of audio material on demand, using the home audio system for
`
`high quality playback, without requiring sophisticated computer skills, and with controlled
`
`access, to audio material and controlled distribution and duplication of the material. The present
`
`invention fulfills this need.
`
`
`
`
`its)
`
`
`
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention provides a system for playback of network audio material on
`
`demand by using a playback apparatus that provides an interface to network audio files that, are
`
`retrieved in real time in response to user selection.
`
`In accordance with the invention, the
`
`playback unit provides an interface between a conventional home audio system and a network
`
`2 t)
`
`source for audio material, such as the Internet. The playback unit has a relatively simple built-in
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 15
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 15
`
`

`

`O:\CLIIENT\25006\000l\SYNETIX.WPD
`
`
`
`
`l ()
`
`operating system that is not accessed from peripheral storage, does not require a lengthy boot—up
`
`sequence, and cannot be manipulated without the authorization of the manufacturer or network
`
`source. As a result, the playback unit can be operated without special computer skills or
`
`navigation of complicated PC—like windows. Receipt of audio material and enforcement of
`
`distribution lights can be controlled by network servers that provide the audio material to the
`
`playback unit. In this way, the playback unit can retrieve a wide range of digital audio material
`
`from the network on demand, thereby vastly expanding the range of music available for
`
`playback, can reproduce that music using the home audio system for high quality playback in
`
`a comfortable setting, and can provide controlled access to audio material and controlled
`
`distribution and duplication of the material.
`
`The playback unit includes a user interface and display component, which presents an
`
`easy-to—use interface that simulates playback controls that might be found on a conventional
`
`player such as a CD player or DAT player. The user interface and display component
`
`substantially duplicates the appearance of a conventional home audio player control panel, such
`
`as CD player buttons and track displays. The playback unit also includes memory for holding
`
`program instructions and temporarily storing audio material for playback so it is not accessible
`
`to the user, and includes a microprocessor that controls operation of the playback unit. In one
`
`aspect of the invention, the playback unit includes a network interface to communicate with the
`
`network, send user commands, and receive audio material. The network interface can
`
`20
`
`con'rmunicate using a number of different protocols having; a variety of physical connection
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 16
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 16
`
`

`

`(:1:\CL[I:ZNT\25006\000 I \SYNETIX.WPD
`
`schemes, such as telephone line modem connections, hi gh—speed Ethernet connections, and cable
`
`modem connections. The playback unit also includes an output interface that receives the audio
`
`material and provides it to the home audio system in a format that can be reproduced by that
`
`system.
`
`Other features and advantages of the present invention should be apparent from the
`
`following description of the preferred embodiment, which illustrates, by way of example, the
`
`principles of the invention.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`/
`
`Figure 1 is a block diagram of a playback unit constnlcted in accordance with the present
`
`invention, showing the connections to a home audio system and a network.
`
`‘ Figure 2 is a representation of the screen display shown on the user interface of the
`
`playback unit illustrated in Figure 1.
`
`Figure 3 and Figure 4 are processing flow diagrams that illustrate the processing steps
`
`executed by the components illustrated in Figure 1 to request, receive, and play audio material
`
`from the network.
`
`. r“
`
`Figure 5 is a processing flow diagram that illustrates the processing steps executed by
`
`the playback. unit processor illustrated in Figure 1.
`
`
`
`:10
`
`
`
`1:3
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 17
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 17
`
`

`

`O:\CLIEN1\25006\0001\SYNETIX.WPD
`
`Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are representations of packet information processed by the
`
`playback unit illustrated in Figure 1.
`
`Figure 11 is a representation of the buffers contained in the memory illustrated in
`
`Figure: 1.
`
`5;
`
`Figure 12 is a representation of the loop buffering operations executed under control of
`
`the microprocessor illustrated in Figure 1.
`
`,. Figure 13 is a data flow diagram of the Figure 1 system operation, showing the
`
`information that is transmitted among the system components
`
`‘0
`
`Figure 14 is a data flow diagram of the playback unit operation, showing the information
`
`.x"
`
`that is transmitted among the playback unit components.
`
`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
`
`
`
`
`Figure 1 illustrates a playback unit 100 constructed in accordance with the present
`
`15
`
`invention. The playback unit communicates over a network, such as the Internet 102, to request
`
`digital audio material from one or more audio material servers 104. The playback unit receives
`
`audio material from an audio material server and provides it to a conventional home audio
`
`system 106 for playback. The playback unit 100 has a simple operating system that accesses
`
`instructions from high—speed semiconductor memory, does not require a lengthy boot—up
`
`20
`
`sequence, and cannot be manipulated by the user. Thus, the playback unit does not require the
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 18
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 18
`
`

`

`O :\CLI]El~I'I'\25006\000 l\SYNETIX. WPD
`
`-10-
`
`user to launch special software such as the ”Windows 98" operating system by Microsoft
`
`Corporation to initiate playback, and therefore the playback unit is very stable in operation and.
`
`can be operated without special computer skills or navigation of complicated PC—like windows.
`
`Access to the audio material and authority for distribution rights are preferably controlled by a.
`
`directory and user list (DUL) server 107 described further below. In this way, the playback unit
`
`1100 can retrieve a wide range of digital audio material from the network upon user demand,
`
`thereby vastly expanding the range of music available for playback, and can reproduce that
`
`music using the home audio system. for high quality playback in a comfortable setting.
`
`The playback unit 100 is most likely to be installed adjacent to the home audio equipment
`
`106, which typically includes a variety of amplifier, processor,
`
`receiver, control, and
`
`record/playback units. The playback unit 100 comprises a stand-alone device that is preferably
`
`the same size as the individual home audio system devices, so as to be physically and
`
`aesthetically compatible with them. The playback unit includes a network interface 110 that
`
`provides a communication channel with the Internet 102 and to the audio material server 104.
`
`
`
`
`1.5
`
`The network interface can communicate using a number of different protocols having a variety
`
`of physical connection schemes, such as telephone line modem connections, high-speed ISDN
`
`and Ethernet connections, and cable modem connections.
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America
`
`Exhibit 1019 Page 19
`
`Yamaha Corporation of America Exhibit 1019 Page 19
`
`

`

`
`
`O:\l,‘LIEl‘l'l’\25006\OOOl\SYNETIXWPD
`
`-11-
`
`Playback Unit Comp