PCT
`INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`wo 97n44os
`
`WORLD INTELLECfUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION
`International Bureau
`
`(51) International Patent Classification 6 :
`A61K 7/50, 7/06
`
`Al
`
`(11) International Publication Number:
`
`(43) International Publication Date:
`
`24 April 1997 (24,04.97)
`
`(21) International Application Number:
`
`PCf/US96/16422
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`15 October 1996 (15.10.96)
`
`(81) Designated States: BR, CN, JP, MX, European patent (AT,
`BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC,
`NL, PT, SE).
`
`Published
`With international search report.
`Before the expiration of the time limit for amending the
`claims and to be republished in the event of the receipt of
`amendments.
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`08/543,665
`
`16 October 1995 (16.10.95)
`
`us
`
`THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY
`(71) Applicant:
`[US/US]; One Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, OH
`45202 (US).
`
`(72) Inventors: EVANS, Mark, David; 600 Marview Terrace,
`Cincinnati, OH 45231 (US). COFFINDAFFER, Timothy,
`Woodrow; 118 Bridle Lane, Loveland, OH 45140 (US). IN(cid:173)
`MAN, Everett, Junior; 11499 Morboume Drive, Cincinnati,
`OH 45240 (US). GUSKEY, Susan, Marie; 10758 Moss Hill
`Lane, Montgomery, OH 45249 (US). UCHIYAMA, Hire(cid:173)
`taka; 5-8-17-38, Nishiokamoto, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658
`(JP).
`
`(74) Agents: REED, T., David et al.; The Procter & Gamble
`Company, 5299 Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati, OH
`45217 (US).
`
`(54) Title: CONDITIONING SHAMPOOS CONTAINING POLY ALKYLENE GLYCOL
`
`(57) Abstract
`
`Disclosed are hair conditioning shampoo compositions comprising from about 5 o/o to about 50 o/o by weight of a detersive surfactant,
`from about 0.05 o/o to about 10 o/o by weight of a silicone hair conditioning agent, from about 0.1 o/o to about 10 o/o by weight of a
`suspending agent, from about 0.025 o/o to about 1.5 o/o by weight of selected polyalkylene glycols, preferably polyethylene glycols having
`from about 1,500 to about 25,000 degrees of ethoxylation, and water, and optionally one or more additional materials known for use
`in shampoo or conditioning compositions, which compositions provide excellent cleansing and conditioning benefits, and further provide
`enhanced conditioning impression by way of enhanced spreadability through hair, and denser, thicker lather.
`
`1
`
`

`

`FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLY
`
`Codes used to identify States party to the PCT on the front pages of pamphlets publishing international
`applications under the PCT.
`
`AM
`AT
`AU
`BB
`BE
`BF
`BG
`BJ
`BR
`BY
`CA
`CF
`CG
`CH
`CI
`CM
`CN
`cs
`cz
`DE
`DK
`EE
`ES
`FI
`FR
`GA
`
`Armenia
`Austria
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`
`United Kingdom
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`of Korea
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`Madagascar
`Mali
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`
`MW
`MX
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`NL
`NO
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`PL
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`RO
`RU
`SD
`SE
`SG
`SI
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`sz
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`TG
`TJ
`TT
`UA
`UG
`us
`uz
`VN
`
`Malawi
`Mexico
`Niger
`Netherlands
`Norway
`New Zealand
`Poland
`Porrugal
`Romania
`Russian Federation
`Sudan
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`Singapore
`Slovenia
`Slovakia
`Senegal
`Swaziland
`Chad
`Togo
`Tajikistan
`Trinidad and Tobago
`Ukraine
`Uganda
`United States of America
`Uzbekistan
`Viet Narn
`
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`wo 97/14405
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`PCT!US96/16422
`
`CONDITIONING SHAMPOOS CONTAINING
`POLYALKYLENEGLYCOL
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`This invention relates to shampoo compositions containing silicone hair
`conditioning agents and selected polyalkylene glycols which provide improved
`spreadability through hair and thicker, denser lather feel.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`Shampoo compositions comprising various combinations of detersive
`surfactant and silicone conditioning agents are kno\\-n. Many of these compositions
`have been found to provide excellent hair cleansing and conditioning performance
`all from a single composition.
`An important feature of most shampoo compositions. conditioning or
`otherwise. is lather performance. Consumers often associate high lathering with
`effective cleansing, and low lathering with less effective cleansing.
`In shampoo
`compositions containing silicone hair conditioning agents, this high lathering is
`especially important to impress upon consumers that hair cleansing efficacy has not
`been compromised in favor of conditioning performance.
`It has therefore become
`conventional practice to enhance the lathering performance of silicone-containing
`shampoo compositions by increasing the level of, or adding, ingredients that
`promote high lathering, examples of which include increased levels of detersive
`surfactants such as alkyl sulfate surfactants, or the addition of fatty ester (e.g. C IO(cid:173)
`C22) mono- and di (C1-C3) alkanol amide foam boosters.
`High lathering silicone-containing shampoos, however, often produce a
`light, foamy
`lather which consumers often associate with good cleansing
`performance but with poor or less effective conditioning performance. Moreover,
`these silicone-containing shampoos as well as other shampoos typically contain
`higher concentrations of detersive surfactant to enhance lather performance, which
`higher concentrations are more expensive and are unnecessary for providing
`acceptable hair cleansing performance.
`Given the foregoing, there remains a need to provide conditioning shampoo
`compositions containing silicone conditioning agents which deliver improved lather
`performance, wherein the improved lather performance conveys an impression
`during use of effective cleansing and conditioning performance. Accordingly, it is
`an object of the present invention to provide a silicone-containing shampoo
`composition with improved lather performance, and further to provide such a
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`composition with enhanced spreadability through hair thus further enhancing
`conditioning impression among consumers. It is yet a further object of the present
`to provide such a composition with acceptable cleansing and conditioning
`performance. but with lower concentrations of detersive surfactant.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention is directed to hair conditioning shampoo compositions
`comprising from about 5% to about 50% by weight of a detersive surfactant, from
`about 0.05% to about 10% by weight of a silicone hair conditioning agent, from
`about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a suspending agent, from about 20% to
`about 94.8% by weight of water. and from about 0.025% to about 1.5% by weight
`of selected polyalkylene glycols having the general formula:
`
`H(OCH2TH)n-OH
`R
`
`wherein R is hydrogen, methyl or mixtures thereof, and n is an integer from about
`1,500 to about 25,000; and water, and optionally one or more additional materials
`kno\\ln for use in shampoo compositions. The conditioning shampoo compositions
`of the present invention provide improved spreadability of the composition through
`hair. and also provide denser, thicker lather feel which correlates with consumer
`perception of hair conditioning performance. The present invention is also directed
`to methods for cleansing and conditioning the hair or skin by using the shampoo
`compositions described herein.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`The shampoo compositions and corresponding methods of the present
`invention can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements
`and limitations of the invention described herein, as well any of the additional
`ingredients, components, or limitations described herein. All documents referred to
`herein are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
`As used herein, "water soluble" refers to any material that is sufficiently
`soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the naked eye at a
`concentration of 0.1% in water, i.e. distilled or equivalent, at 25°C.
`All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of the
`shampoo compositions of the present invention unless otherwise specified.
`
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`
`Detersive Surfactant
`The shampoo compositions of the present invention comprise one or more
`detersive surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactant.
`nonionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant. zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures
`thereof. The shampoo compositions preferably comprise an anionic surfactant.
`Surfactant concentrations range from about 5% to about 50%, preferably from about
`8% to about 30%, more preferably from about I 0% to about 25%, by weight of the
`compositions.
`
`Anionic surfactant
`The shampoo compositions preferably comprise an anionic surfactant, and
`preferably at concentrations of from about 5% to about 30%, more preferably from
`about 7% to about 25%, even more preferably from about 8% to about 20%, and
`most preferably from about 9% to about 18%, by weight of the composition.
`Anionic surfactants for use in the shampoo compositions include alkyl and
`alkyl ether sulfates. These materials have the respective formulae ROS03M and
`RO(C2H40)xS03M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of from about 8 to about 30
`carbon atoms, x is I to 10, and M is a cation such as ammonium, alkanolamines,
`such as triethanolamine, monovalent metals, such as sodium and potassium, and
`polyvalent metal cations, such as magnesium, and calcium. The cation M, of the
`anionic surfactant should be chosen such that the anionic surfactant component is
`water soluble. Solubility will depend upon the particular anionic surfactants and
`cations chosen.
`Preferably, R has from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms in both the alky I
`and alkyl ether sulfates. The alkyl ether sulfates are typically made as condensation
`products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 8 to about
`24 carbon atoms. The alcohols can be derived from fats, e.g., coconut oil or tallow,
`or can be synthetic. Lauryl alcohol and straight chain alcohols derived from
`coconut <lil are preferred herein. Such alcohols are reacted with between about 0
`and about 10, and especially about 3, molar proportions of ethylene oxide and the
`resulting mixture of molecular species having, for example, an average of 3 moles
`of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, is sulfated and neutralized.
`Specific examples of alkyl ether sulfates which may be used in the shampoo
`compositions of the present invention are sodium and ammonium salts of coconut
`alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate; tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate,
`and tallow alkyl hexaoxyethylene sulfate. Highly preferred alkyl ether sulfates are
`those comprising a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture having an
`
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`PCTIUS96/16422
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`4
`
`average alkyl chain length of from about I 0 to about 16 carbon atoms and an
`average degree of ethoxylation of from about I to about 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
`Other suitable anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts of organic.
`sulfuric acid reaction products of the general formula [ R 1-S03-M ] where R I is
`selected from the group consisting of a straight or branched chain, saturated
`aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about I 0
`to about I8, carbon atoms; and M is a cation, as previously described, subject to the
`same limitations regarding polyvalent metal cations as previously discussed.
`Examples of such surfactants are the salts of an organic sulfuric acid reaction
`product of a hydrocarbon of the methane series, including iso-, neo-, and
`n-paraffins, having about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably about I2 to about
`I8 carbon atoms and a sulfonating agent, e.g., S03, H2S04, obtained according to
`known sulfonation methods, including bleaching and hydrolysis. Preferred are
`alkali metal and ammonium sulfonated C I O-I8 n-paraffins.
`Still other suitable anionic surfactants are the reaction products of fatty acids
`esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for
`example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil; sodium or potassium salts of
`fatty acid amides of methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are
`derived from coconut oil. Other similar anionic surfactants are described in U.S.
`Patents 2,486,92I; 2,486,922; and 2,396,278.
`Other anionic surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo compositions are
`the succinnates, examples of which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinnate;
`disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; diarnmonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetrasodium
`ester of sodium
`N-( I ,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinnate; diamyl
`sulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; dioctyl esters of
`sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
`Other suitable anionic surfactants include olefin sulfonates having about I 0
`to about 24 carbon atoms. The term "olefin sulfonates" is used herein to mean
`compounds which can be produced by the sulfonation of alpha-olefins by means of
`uncomplexed sulfur trioxide, followed by neutralization of the acid reaction mixture
`in conditions such that any sulfones which have been formed in the reaction are
`hydrolyzed to give the corresponding hydroxy-alkanesulfonates. The sulfur trioxide
`can be liquid or gaseous, and is usually, but not necessarily, diluted by inert
`diluents, for example by liquid S02, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc., when used in
`the liquid form, or by air, nitrogen, gaseous S02, etc., when used in the gaseous
`form.
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`
`the olefin sulfonates are derived are
`The alpha-olefins from which
`mono-olefins having about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably about 14 to
`about 16 carbon atoms. Preferably, they are straight chain olefins.
`In addition
`to
`the
`true alkene sulfonates and a proportion of
`hydroxy-alkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates can contain minor amounts of other
`materials, such as alkene disulfonates depending upon the reaction conditions,
`proportion of reactants, the nature of the starting olefins and impurities in the olefin
`stock and side reactions during the sulfonation process.
`A specific alpha-olefin sulfonate mixture of the above type is described
`more fully in the U.S. Patent 3,332.880, which description is incorporated herein by
`reference.
`the shampoo
`in
`Another class of anionic surfactants suitable for use
`compositions are the beta-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These compounds have the
`following formula:
`
`OW H
`
`R'*SQ,M
`
`H H
`
`where R 1 is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon
`atoms, R2 is a lower alkyl group having from about I (preferred) to about 3 carbon
`atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation as hereinbefore described.
`Many other anionic surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo compositions
`are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents, 1989 Annual, published
`by M. C. Publishing Co., and in U.S. Patent 3,929,678, which descriptions are
`incorporated herein by reference.
`Preferred anionic surfactants for use in the shampoo compositions include
`anunonium Iaury! sulfate, anunonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine Iaury! sulfate,
`triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine Iaury! sulfate, triethanolamine laureth
`sulfate, monoethanolamine
`lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine
`laureth sulfate,
`diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauric monoglyceride
`sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium Jaureth sulfate, potassium lauryl
`sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl
`sarcosinate,
`lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate,
`anunonium
`lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium
`lauroyl sulfate,
`potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium Iaury! sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate,
`triethanolamine
`lauryl
`sulfate,
`monoethanolamine
`cocoyl
`sulfate,
`
`L
`
`'
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`
`monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate. sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate, and sodium
`dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
`Amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants
`The detersive surfactant of the shampoo compositions may comprise an
`amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant. Concentrations of such surfactants will
`generally range from about 0.5% to about 20%, preferably from about I% to about
`1 0%. by weight of the shampoo compositions.
`Amphoteric
`surfactants
`for
`use in the shampoo compositions include the derivatives of aliphatic secondary and
`tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical is straight or branched and one of the
`aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about I8 carbon atoms and one
`contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate. sulfate,
`phosphate. or phosphonate.
`Zwitterionic surfactants for use in the shampoo compositions include the
`derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium
`compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals are straight or branched, and wherein
`one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and
`one contains an anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phos(cid:173)
`phonate. A general formula for these compounds is:
`
`~R3lx
`y• -~ -R4 -z·
`
`R2
`
`-
`
`where R2 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to
`about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about I 0 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to
`about 1 glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen,
`phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R 3 is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group
`containing about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; X is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom, and 2
`when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom; R4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of
`from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group
`consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.
`Examples of amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants also include sultaines
`and amidosultaines. Sultaines and amidosultaines can be used as foam enhancing
`surfactants that are mild to the eye in partial replacement of anionic surfactants.
`Sultaines,
`including
`amidosultaines,
`include
`for
`example,
`cocodimethy I propy lsultaine,
`steary ldimethy I propy lsultaine,
`lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) propylsultaine and the like; and the amidosultaines such
`as
`cocoamidodimethy I propy lsultaine,
`steary lamidododimethy I propy lsultaine,
`laurylamidobis-(2-hydroxyethyl) propylsultaine, and
`the
`like.
`Preferred are
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`
`amidohydroxysultaines such as the C 12-C 18 hydrocarbyl amidopropyl hydroxy(cid:173)
`sultaines. especially C 12-C 14 hydrocarbyl amido propyl hydroxysultaines, e.g.,
`laurylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine and cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine. Other
`sultaines are described in U.S. Patent 3,950.417, which descriptions are incor(cid:173)
`porated herein by reference.
`Other suitable amphoteric surfactants are the aminoalkanoates of the
`formula R-NH(CH2)nCOOM,
`the
`iminodialkanoates
`of
`the
`formula
`R-N[(CH2)mCOOM]2 and mixtures thereof; wherein nand mare numbers from 1
`to 4, R is Cg - C22 alkyl or alkenyl. and M is hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth
`metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium.
`Examples of suitable aminoalkanoates include n-alkylamino-propionates
`and n-alkyliminodipropionates, specific examples of which include N-lauryl(cid:173)
`-beta-amino propionic acid or salts thereof, and N-lauryl-beta-imino-dipropionic
`acid or salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
`Other suitable amphoteric surfactants include those represented by the
`formula:
`
`R3
`I
`RCON-(CH )r;N+-CH2Z
`2 12
`14
`R
`R
`
`wherein R 1 is Cg - C22 alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C 12-C 16· R2 is hydrogen or
`CH2C02M, R3 is CH2CH20H or CH2CH20CH2CH2COOM, R4 is hydrogen,
`CH2CH20H, or CH2CH20CH2CH2COOM, Z is C02M or CH2C02M. n is 2 or
`3, preferably 2, M is hydrogen or a cation, such as alkali metal (e.g., lithium.
`sodium, potassium), alkaline earth metal
`(beryllium, magnesium, calcium,
`strontium, barium), or ammonium. This type of surfactant is sometimes classified
`as an imidazoline-type amphoteric surfactant, although it should be recognized that
`it does not necessarily have to be derived, directly or indirectly, through an
`imidazoline intermediate.
`Suitable materials of this type are marketed under the trade name
`MIRANOL and are understood to comprise a complex mixture of species, and can
`exist in protonated and non-protonated species depending upon pH with respect to
`species that can have a hydrogen at R 2. All such variations and species are meant
`to be encompassed by the above formula.
`Examples of surfactants of the above formula are monocarboxylates and
`dicarboxylates. Examples of these materials include cocoamphocarboxypropionate,
`cocoamphocarboxypropionic acid, cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (alternately referred
`to as cocoamphodiacetate), and cocoamphoacetate.
`
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`
`Commercial amphoteric surfactants include those sold under the trade names
`MIRANOL C2M CONC. N.P., MIRANOL C2M CONC. O.P., MIRANOL C2M
`SF. MIRANOL CM SPECIAL (Miranol, Inc.); ALKA TERIC 2CIB (Alkaril
`Chemicals); AMPHOTERGE W-2
`(Lonza,
`Inc.); MONATERIC CDX-38,
`MONATERIC CSH-32 (Mona Industries); REWOTERIC AM-2C (Rewo Chemical
`Group); and SCHERCOTERIC MS-2 (Scher Chemicals).
`Betaine surfactants ( zwitterionic) suitable for use
`compositions are those represented by the formula:
`
`the shampoo
`
`in
`
`0
`
`R4
`
`I
`Rs -t---'"--N -(Ct-1:1)
`
`-N -Y-R1
`
`R2
`I.
`I
`
`R3
`
`wherein:
`R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of
`
`n
`
`COOM and CH-CH2S03M
`I
`OH
`
`R2 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl;
`R3 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl;
`~is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl;
`Rs is higher alkyl or alkenyl;
`Y is lower alkyl, preferably methyl;
`m is an integer from 2 to 7, preferably from 2 to 3;
`n is the integer 1 or 0;
`M is hydrogen or a cation, as previously described, such as an alkali metal, alkaline
`earth metal, or ammonium.
`Tlie term "lower alkyl" or "hydroxyalkyl" means straight or branch chained,
`saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals and substituted hydrocarbon radicals
`having from one to about three carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl,
`propyl, isopropyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like. The term "higher
`alkyl or alkenyl" means straight or branch chained saturated (i.e., "higher alkyl")
`and unsaturated (i.e., "higher alkenyl") aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having from
`about eight to about 20 carbon atoms such as, for example, lauryl, cetyl, stearyl,
`oleyl, and the like. It should be understood that the term "higher alkyl or alkenyl"
`includes mixtures of radicals which may contain one or more intermediate linkages
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`such as ether or polyether linkages or non-functional substituents such as hydroxyl
`or halogen radicals wherein the radical remains of hydrophobic character.
`Examples of surfactant betaines of the above formula wherein n is zero
`are
`useful
`herein
`include
`the
`alkylbetaines
`such
`as
`which
`cocodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine,
`lauryldimethylcarboxymethylbetaine,
`Iaury!
`dimethy 1-alpha-carboxyethy I betaine,
`cety ldimethy lcarboxymethy I betaine,
`lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethylbetaine,
`stearyl-bis-(2-hy(cid:173)
`droxypropyl)carboxymethylbetaine,
`oleyldimethyl-gamma-carboxypropylbetaine.
`lauryl-bix-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethylbetaine, etc. The sulfobetaines may
`be
`represented
`by
`cocodimethylsulfopropylbetaine,
`stearyldimethylsulfo(cid:173)
`propylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropylbetaine, and the like.
`Specific examples of amido betaines and amidosulfo betaines useful in the
`shampoo
`compositions
`include
`the
`amidocarboxybetaines,
`such
`as
`cocoamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine,
`laurylamidodi-
`methy lcarboxymethy l betaine,
`cety lamidodimethy lcarboxymethy l betaine,
`laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine,
`amido
`The
`etc.
`cocoamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine,
`represented by cocoamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine,
`sulfobetaines may be
`lauryl(cid:173)
`steary lamidodimethylsulfopropy I betaine,
`amido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-sulfopropylbetaine, and the like.
`
`Nonionic surfactant
`The shampoo compos1t10ns of the present invention may comprise a
`nonionic surfactant as the detersive surfactant component therein. Nonionic
`surfactants include those compounds produced by condensation of alkylene oxide
`groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may
`be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature.
`Preferred nonionic surfactants for use in the shampoo compositions include
`the following:
`(1) polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., the condensation
`products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 20
`carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with
`ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to from
`about 10 to about 60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol;
`(2) those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product
`resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine products;
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`(3) condensation products of aliphatic alcohols having from about 8 to about
`18 carbon atoms, in either straight chain or branched chain configuration, with
`ethylene oxide, e.g., a coconut alcohol ethylene oxide condensate having from about
`10 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconut alcohol, the coconut
`alcohol fraction having from about 1 0 to about 14 carbon atoms:
`long chain tertiary amine oxides of the formula [ R 1 R 2R 3N ~ 0 ]
`( 4)
`where R I contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8
`to about I8 carbon atoms, from 0 to about I 0 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to
`about I glyceryl moiety, and R2 and R3 contain from about I to about 3 carbon
`atoms and from 0 to about I hydroxy group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl,
`hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals;
`(5) long chain tertiary phosphine oxides of the formula [RR'R"P ~ 0]
`where R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from about
`8 to about I8 carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about I 0 ethylene oxide
`moieties and from 0 to about I glyceryl moiety and R' and R" are each alkyl or
`monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from about I to about 3 carbon atoms;
`(6) long chain dialkyl sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl or hydroxy
`alkyl radical of from about I to about 3 carbon atoms (usually methyl) and one long
`hydrophobic chain which include alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl, or keto alkyl
`radicals containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, from 0 to about I 0
`ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to about I glyceryl moiety;
`(7) alkyl polysaccharide (APS) surfactants (e.g. alkyl polyglycosides),
`examples of which are described in U.S. Patent 4,565,64 7, which description is
`incorporated herein by reference, and which discloses APS surfactants having a
`hydrophobic group with about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms and polysaccharide (e.g.,
`polyglycoside) as
`the hydrophilic group; optionally,
`there
`can be
`a
`polyalkylene-oxide group joining the hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties; and
`the alkyl group (i.e., the hydrophobic moiety) can be saturated or unsaturated,
`branched ,or unbranched, and unsubstituted or substituted (e.g., with hydroxy or
`cyclic rings); and
`(8) polyethylene glycol (PEG) glyceryl fatty esters, such as those of the
`formula R(O)OCH2CH(OH)CH2(0CH2cH2)nOH wherein n is from about 5 to
`about 200, preferably from about 20 to about 100, and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl
`having from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms.
`
`Silicone Hair Conditioning Agent
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`The shampoo compositions of the present invention comprise a silicone hair
`conditioning agent at concentrations effective to provide hair conditioning benefits.
`Such concentrations range from about .05% to about 10%, preferably from about
`0.1% to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, most preferably
`from about 0.2% to about 3%. by weight of the shampoo compositions.
`The silicone hair conditioning agents for use in the shampoo compositions
`are insoluble in the shampoo compositions, and are preferably nonvolatile.
`Typically it will be intermixed in the shampoo composition so as to be in the form
`of a separate, discontinuous phase of dispersed, insoluble particles, also referred to
`as droplets. These droplets are suspended with a suspending agent described
`hereinafter. The silicone hair conditioning agent phase will comprise a silicone
`fluid hair conditioning agent such as a silicone fluid and can also comprise other
`ingredients, such as a silicone resin to enhance silicone fluid deposition efficiency
`or enhance glossiness of the hair (especially when high refractive index (e.g. above
`about 1.46) silicone conditioning agents are used (e.g. highly phenylated silicones).
`As used herein, "nonvolatile" refers to silicone material with little or no
`significant vapor pressure under ambient conditions, as is understood by those in
`the art. Boiling point under one atmosphere (atm) will preferably be at least about
`250°C, more preferably at least about 275°C, most preferably at least about 300°C.
`Vapor pressure is preferably about 0.2mm HG at 25°C or less, preferably about
`0.1 mm HG at 25°C or less.
`The silicone hair conditioning agent phase may comprise volatile silicone,
`nonvolatile silicone, or mixtures thereof. Typically, if volatile silicones are present,
`it will be incidental to their use as a solvent or carrier for commercially available
`forms of nonvolatile silicone materials ingredients, such as silicone gums and
`resms.
`
`The silicone hair conditioning agents for use in the shampoo compositions
`preferably have a viscosity of from about 20 to about 2,000,000 centistokes, more
`preferabl)'_ from about 1,000 to about 1,800,000 centistokes, even more preferably
`from about 50,000 to about 1,500,000 centistokes, most preferably from about
`100,000 to about 1,500,000 centistokes, at 25°C. The viscosity can be measured by
`means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Coming Corporate Test
`Method CTM0004, July 20, 1970.
`Silicone fluid for use in the shampoo compositions includes silicone oil
`which are
`flowable silicone materials with a viscosity of less than 1,000,000 centistokes,
`preferably between about 5 and 1,000,000 centistokes, more preferably between
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`about I 0 and about I 00,000 centistokes, at 25°C. Suitable silicone oils include
`polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane
`copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids
`having hair conditioning properties can also be used.
`Silicone oils for use in the composition include polyalkyl or polyaryl silox(cid:173)
`anes of the following structure (I)
`
`tR
`R fR
`R-fi-0 fi-0 fi-R
`R R R
`
`X
`
`where R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can be substituted or
`unsubstituted, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000. Suitable unsubstituted R
`groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, alkamino, and ether(cid:173)
`substituted, hydroxyl-substituted, and halogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl groups.
`Suitable R groups also include cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.
`The aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain may have any
`structure as long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at room temperature, are
`hydrophobic, are neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied to the
`hair, are compatible with the other components of the shampoo compositions, are
`chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, are insoluble in the
`shampoo compositions, and are capable of being deposited on and, of conditioning,
`the hair.
`The two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicone unit may
`represent the same group or different groups. Preferably, the two R groups
`represent the same grou