Computer Dictionary
`
`FOURTH EDITION
`
`by
`Charles J. Sippi
`
`Howard W. Sams & Ca., Inc.
`A Subsidiary of Macmillan, Inc.
`4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268 U.S.A.
`
`EXHIBIT 2004
`
`Facebook,In~etaL
`v.
`Software Rights Archive, LLC
`CASE IPR2013-00479
`
`

`
`1966, 1974, 1980, and 1985 by Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc.
`subsidiary of Macmillan, Inc.
`
`)URTH EDITION
`:.COND PRINTING - 1986
`
`I rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
`stem, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
`cording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent
`•bility is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. While
`•ery precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher
`sumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for
`.mages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
`
`ternational Standard Book Number: 0-672-22205-1
`)rary of Congress Catalog Card Number: 84-51436
`
`muscript Editing: C. W. Moody and C. Herbert Feltner
`Jstrations: T. R. Emrick
`rmposition: Shepard Poorman Communications
`Corporation, Indianapolis
`
`nted in the United States of America.
`
`

`
`,..
`
`stort?d routine
`
`string variable, alphanumeric
`
`chgit.ll >1gnat<;re<. ,., rr..,ns1tinn counts could he thf:>
`''ior•:d r(•:;pon'"-'·
`
`r\ ;,cri•'~ of inSctructions in ;torage to dirO<:t
`;tored routint>:
`~hr: ~>t<:·p~by~~ti.""P op~ration (Jf the rn.1chui.e. fSynonv:.
`·"1'1011'· V<tth ;tou:J program.)
`
`ed ('rf<)r occurring during >tmaming. Prudent design
`would prob.1bly .nld .10 error-det<·ction scheme to th€;
`dat,l tmnsmitwd within thP 'YSt('m. This arrangtment
`would provid<". transmi%ion fi!ilure dt>tection, whiCh
`the ~treilmer cannot detect >\dding .\\ cheer.. chardcter
`to e.Kh hlo.~k would provide ior this eventuailty.
`
`,;!r<1ight- binary: ),~.,binary.
`
`str.li)lht-line code: Th(' wpetition by explicit instructions
`1or each n!pt>litior:., ()( a .>equence of instructions, With
`or \'.ithout address modiiic.>tion. Generally, ~;traight­
`;,n(• t::O!_i;ng ""ill n.~quire ies~· l'X(~cution time and rnO.re
`'pace ih.m equivalent loop earling. If the, number oi
`rq·,r,liti<Hh is large. th;~ typ<· or cod in); i~ t<:diou,; unless
`" g•.>nHAor is "'<:>d. ThE• ft'a>ibliity of straight-line ('Od·
`ins i;. limited by thP spa;.:•-~ required as well <l~ by the
`difiiudty of coding a v;triabl•• number of repetitions.
`
`straight-line coding: Cuding in v.:hich loops .1w ilVoided
`hy the repetition of p;Hts ot t!w coding wh!m r~;>quimd.
`
`stri\in gauge:
`/\ st•nsor which, wlwn cemented to elastic
`m.lteri:JIS. mt•asures v•ery small Jrnounts of stretch by
`the change in its t>le>ctric.'il resistance. When used on
`matcriJI& thilt have a high modulus oi tdasticity, ~train
`gauge:; become force '>f:n!~Of~'-
`
`stream, bit: A umn commonly used in conjunction with a
`tran,;rnission lll<!thod in which cli,uac1er sep.m;tion is
`accomplished by rhe terminal '"quipmt'nt, .md the bits
`.ue tr.•n~;mittt·d over thP circuit in .t consect.~tive line of
`bit>.
`
`1tream hit transmission: Tht~ method of fr.msmitting char(cid:173)
`;;ch:r> .1\ rixed tirne intervals. No stopistMt elements are
`us<'d, ;•md the bits m.1king up the chara<:ters follow
`oach otlwr without palN.,.
`
`ltreJm, input joh: An ir;put ,:ource ot documents, usually
`punclwd c.ard, or c.1rd irn.1ge,;, which is the first part of
`.w np.:or.lling sy;;tem. Tlw s1.r0arn ·contain5 thE' begin(cid:173)
`ning-o(job inJ,cator!;, directions, •Jptinn.tl progr.1ms,
`\~tc.
`
`streaming: The condition of .l termin;:l! or m•Jdt~lll thJt h,ts
`bck"d mto ~ c;on!;t,mt c;miN ~.g;n:~l. pR•veoting normal
`lr,HJ;mi>~.ion nf data.
`
`ltreaming drivt' data vc;>rifir,ttion: A :->tre.Hning digit<ll eM·
`tridgt> t,1p<· driv<.: v<=rifie~. doJt•l "un. the fly'' with ,, read(cid:173)
`while-write dwck. TIM! is, reading what is written in
`1P<l!-tinw checb th•? d;\ta. Furtlwr, this read-while-write
`checking doe>s not ,1ccept ;ir:,na!s that ;w~ lower th<~n a
`'<l>ry con~t·r~;•tive thn~~hold !<•vel. 1\ normal mad oper(cid:173)
`obnn c.u1 dC'lr:ct ;;ignificmtly low1;r !evc•b. In addition,
`:1 rht·ck char.lcter i~ .lp~i(·nd<·d to (\1t:h data blockette
`lor liN:fica:ion of Uw data during read pa•;5eS. Further,
`dPc,ule, iormat, :md addn!% chr,,<:k> .:lf(' m.u!e during
`r!'.Hi·while-writl' op{•r.llions, ,!·; wdl its during re,ld(cid:173)
`only opt·r.nion•;. i\11 o( the~e f,lk<'n tog('thN reduce,
`10 .1 wry ,.m,l!l probability, the !:hilnce of an undctect-
`
`STRESS: Acronym for STRuctural Enginef.'ring Syswm
`5olver.
`
`I. :\ connected >equen!:e of char.\cters, words, or
`string:
`other elements. 2. :\ >N oi records arrangc•d in an
`asc0nding or a dc-~cending s<"qu,•nn! at.cording to tht•
`inr.re.lsing or dt•crNsing magnitude of their keys.
`
`~iring, alphabetic: A ~.-qucnce of lr-ttcrs from tlw :;ame
`.<lph,lnd; i.e., .1 ch.Hacter string.
`
`string, bit:
`
`~r.·e bit string.
`
`~1ring, character: See ch.mJCter string.
`
`~Iring, character (BASIC): Character strings are any se(cid:173)
`quence of lettNs, numbers, ,md symbols enclo;ed
`in quotation mark~. Chara(:t,er ~trings arc sometimes
`c,JIIed string constants, literal strings, literals, or :;imply
`strings. Normally, a ch<H<lcter string represc•nts a mes(cid:173)
`sage to be printed on the crt scrE'en or printer. Digits
`entered as pJrt of a •:haracte.r string c~nnot be ust-d in
`m.1th computations; thf'y Mf' treatO<l just like ilny other
`symboL Tht> lf'ngth of a chariKter string is limited only
`by the ~b'-•~ of the raodom"acctJss memory.
`
`string file: Tape, wire, or string u•ed to arrange documents
`for convenirmt reference and use.
`
`string length: The number of reco.rd~ in a string.
`
`>tring ,manipulation:
`of characters.
`
`/\ tPchnique for m<Inipulating strings
`
`In somt' ,ystems, opera·
`string manipulation, database:
`lions are provided ior manipui,Jting strings of textual
`iniorm;ltion. The user can scan a line of text froni left to
`right and from right to lett. and se.~rch for a ~peciiic
`data item which can be autom.<tically counted ,mdior
`suhstitut<'d by specified ~:hMacters. A combine opera(cid:173)
`tor !inks two character string .fields and pl~ces the com(cid:173)
`bined ch.Jracter string in <1 result field.
`
`string of bits: 5e(• bits, Wing Of
`
`string sorting: A group of sequenced records, norm<llly
`stored in auxiliuy computer storage; i.e., magnetic dbk
`ort.1pe.
`
`string, symbol: 5<•(• symbol string.
`
`string variabl~, i!lph;mumeric: Some versions of BASIC
`provide .m additional variable form-the alphanumeric
`string vari<tble. It is distlngui>hed from numeric vari(cid:173)
`ablf!S by the manner in which it i~ namw, a letter or a
`letter and <1 digit followed by ,1 $. String variables can
`be u~ed in a progr,Hn for the input, loading, stofing,
`
`479