`
`Cardiocom Ex. 1010
`
`

`

`
`
`ANSI/IEEE Std 100-1988
`
`Fourth Edition
`
`IEEE
`
`Standard Dictionary
`
`of
`
`Electrical and
`
`Electronics
`
`Terms
`
`Frank Jay
`Editor in Chief
`
`Ashcroft, D. L.
`Azbill, D. C.
`Ball, R. D.
`Balaska, T. A.
`Bauer, J. T., Jr.
`Blasewitz, R. M.
`Boberg, R. M.
`Boulter, E. A.
`Frewin, L. F.
`Bucholz, W.
`Buckley, F. J.
`Cannon, J. B.
`Cantrell, R. W.
`Chartier, V. L.
`Cherney, E. A.
`Compton, O. R.
`Costrell, L.
`Davis, A. M.
`Denbrock, F,
`DiBlasio, R.
`Donnan, R, A,
`Duvall, L. M,
`Elliott, C. J,
`Erickson, C. J.
`Flick, C.
`Freeman, M.
`
`J. A. Goetz
`Chairman
`Standards Coordinating Committee
`on Definitions (SCC 10)
`
`Membership
`
`Gelperin, D.
`Guifridda, T. S.
`Goldberg, A. A.
`Graube, M.
`Griffin, C. H.
`Heirrnan, D. N.
`Horch, J. W.
`James, R. E.
`Karady, G. G.
`Key, T. S.
`Kieburtz, R. B.
`Kincaid, M. R.
`Klein, R. J.
`Klopfenstein, A.
`Koepfmger, J. L.
`Lensner, W.
`Masiello, R. D.
`Meitzler, A. H.
`Michael, D. T.
`Michaels, E. J.
`Migliaro, H. W.
`Mikulecky, H. W.
`Moore, H. R.
`Mukhedir, D.
`Muller, C. R.
`O’Donnell, R. M.
`Petersons, O.
`
`Radatz, J.
`Reymers, H; E.
`Roberts, D. E.
`Rosenthal, S. W.
`Rothenbukler, W. N.
`Sabath, J.
`Shea, R. F.
`Showers, R. M.
`Skomal, E. N.
`Smith, T. R.
`Smith, E. P.
`Smolin, M.
`Snyder, J. H.
`Spurgin, A. J.
`Stephenson, D.
`Stepniak, F.
`Stewart, R. G.
`Swinth, K. L.
`Tice, G. D.
`Turgel, R. S.
`Thomas, L. W., Sr.
`Vance, E. E.
`Wagner, C. L.
`Walter, F. J.
`Weinschel, B. O.
`Zitovsky, S. A.
`
`
`
`
`
`Published by
`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
`New York, NY
`
`
`
`

`

`Third Printing
`March 1992
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Number 88-082198
`
`ISBN: 1-55937-000-9
`
`© Copyright l988
`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
`
`No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form,
`in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
`without the prior written permission of the publisher.
`
`November 3, 1988
`
`SH12070
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`mercury relay
`
`583
`
`metal-clad switchgear
`
`mercury relay. A relay in which the movement of mer-
`cury opens and closes contacts. See: mercury-contact
`relay.
`259
`mercury vapor lamp transformers (multiple-supply
`type) (power and distribution transformer). Trans-
`formers, autotransformers, or reactors for operating
`mercury or metallic iodide vapor lamps for all types of
`lighting applications, including indoor, outdoor area,
`roadway, uviarc, and other process and specialized
`lighting.
`53
`mercury-vapor tube. A gas tube in which the active gas
`is mercury vapor.
`125
`merge (computing systems). To combine two or more
`sets of items into one, usually in a specified sequence.
`255, 77
`meridional ray (fiber optics). A ray that passes through
`the optical axis of an optical waveguide (in contrast
`with a skew ray, which does not). See: axial ray; geo-
`metric optics; numerical aperture; optical axis;
`paraxial ray; skew ray.
`433
`mesh. A set of branches forming a closed path in a
`network, provided that if any one branch is omitted
`from the set, the remaining branches of the set do not
`form a closed path. Note: The term loop is sometimes
`used in the sense of mesh. See: network analysis.
`2 10
`
`mesh-connected circuit. A polyphase circuit in which
`all the current paths of the circuit extend directly from
`the terminal of entry of one phase conductor to the
`terminal of entry of another phase conductor, without
`any intermediate interconnections among such paths
`and without any connection to the neutral conductor,
`if one exists. Note: In a three-phase system this is
`called the delta (or A) connection. See: network anal-
`ysis.
`2 10
`mesh current. A current assumed to exist over all cross
`sections of a given closed path in a network. Note: A
`mesh current may be the total current in a branch
`included in the path, or it may be a partial current such
`that when combined with others the total current is
`obtained. See: network analysis.
`210
`mesh or loop equations. Any set of equations (of mini-
`mum number) such that the independent mesh or loop
`currents of a specified network may be determined
`from the impressed voltages. Notes: (1) For a given
`network, different sets of equations, equivalent to one
`another, may be obtained by different choices of mesh
`or loop currents. (2) The equations may be differential
`equations, or algebraic equations when impedances
`and phasor equivalents of steady-state single-frequen-
`cy sine-wave quantities are used. See: network analy-
`sis.
`2 10
`mesial point (pulse terms). A magnitude referenced
`point at the intersection of a waveform and a mesial
`line. See: The single pulse diagram below the wave-
`form epoch entry.
`254
`mesopic vision (illuminating engineering). Vision with
`fully adapted eyes at luminance conditions between
`those of photopic and scotopic vision, that is, between
`about 3.4 cd/m2,(2.2 x 10‘3 cd/inz) (1.0 n.) and
`0.034 cd/m’, (2.2 x 10—5 cd/inz) (0.01 fL).
`167
`
`message (telephone switching systems). An answered
`call or the information content thereof.
`55
`message source. That part of a communication system
`where messages are assumed to originate. See: infor-
`mation theory.
`.
`-
`160
`message switch (data transmission). A technique
`whereby messages are routed to the appropriate re-
`ceiver by way of message address codes rather than by
`switching of the communication channel itself.
`59
`
`message switching (data communications). A method
`of handling messages over communications networks.
`The entire message is transmitted to an intermediate
`point (that is, a switching computer), stored for a
`period of time, perhaps very short, and then transmit-
`ted again towards its destination. The destination of
`each message is indicated by an address integral to the
`message. See: circuit switching.
`12
`message telecommunication network (telephone
`switching systems). An arrangement of switching and
`transmission facilities to provide telecommunication
`services to the public.
`55
`message-timed release (telephone switching systems).
`Release effected automatically after a measured inter-
`val of communication.
`55
`message unit (telephone switching systems). A basic
`chargeable unit based on the duration and destination
`of a call.
`55
`message-unit call (telephone switching systems). A
`call for which billing is in terms of accumulated mes-
`sage units.
`55
`metacompiler. See: compiler generator.
`metalanguage (1) (ATLAS). A form of notation used to
`rigorously define the syntax and sometimes the se-
`mantics of another language.
`400
`(2)(software). A language used to specify a language
`or languages.
`434
`metal clad. The conducting parts are entirely enclosed
`in a metal casing.
`328
`metal-clad switchgear (1)(electric power distribution
`for industrial plants). Metal-enclosed power switch-
`gear characterized by the following necessary features.
`(A) The main circuit switching and interrupting de-
`vice is of the removable type arranged with a mech-
`anism for moving it physically between connected and
`disconnected positions and equipped with self-align-
`ing and self-coupling primary and secondary discon-
`necting devices. (B) Major parts of the primary circuit,
`such as the circuit switching or interrupting devices,
`buses, potential
`transformers, and control power
`transformers, are enclosed by grounded metal barriers.
`Specifically included is an inner barrier in front of or
`a part of the circuit interrupting device to ensure that
`no energized primary circuit components are exposed
`when the unit door is opened. (C) All live parts are
`enclosed within grounded metal compartments. Au-
`tomatic shutters prevent exposure of primary circuit
`elements when the removable element is in the test,
`disconnected, or fully withdrawn position. (D) Pri-
`mary bus conductors and connections are covered
`with insulating material throughout. For special con-
`
`

`

`point
`
`703
`
`pointer shift due to tapping
`
`ing to the following rules: The longitude equals twice
`the tilt angle and the latitude is twice the angle whose
`cotangent is the negative of the axial ratio of the polar-
`ization ellipse. Notes: (1) For this definition the axial
`ratio carries a sign. (2) The points of the northern
`hemisphere of a Poincare sphere represent polariza-
`tions with a right-hand sense. The north pole repre-
`sents left-hand circular polarization and the south pole
`right-hand circular polarization. The points of the
`equator represent all possible linear polarizations.1 l 1
`
`point (1) (for supervisory control or indication or
`telemeter selection) (power switchgear). All of the
`supervisory control or indication devices, in a system,
`exclusive of the common devices, in the master station
`and in the remote station that are necessary for: (A)
`Energizing the closing, opening, or other circuits of a
`unit, or set of units of switchgear or other equipment
`being controlled, or (B) Automatic indication of the
`closed or open or other positions of a unit, or set of
`units of switchgear or other equipment for which indi-
`cations are being obtained, or (C) Connecting a telem-
`eter transmitting equipment into the circuit to be mea-
`sured and to transmit the telemeter reading over a
`channel to a telemeter receiving equipment. Note: A
`point may serve for any two or all three of the pur-
`poses described above; for example, when a superviso-
`ry system is used for the combined control and indica-
`tion of remotely operated equipment, point (for super-
`visory control) and point (for supervisory indication)
`are combined into a single control and indication
`point.
`103
`(2) (positional notation). (A) The character, or the
`location of an implied symbol, that separates the inte-
`gral part of a numerical expression from its fractional
`part. For example, it is called the binary point in bina-
`ry notation and the decimal point in decimal notation.
`If the location of the point is assumed to remain fixed
`with respect to one end of the numerical expressions,
`a fixed-point system is being used. If the location of
`the point does not remain fixed with respect to one
`end of the numerical expression, but is regularly recal-
`culated, then a floating-point system is being used.
`Note: A fixed-point system usually locates the point
`by some convention, while a floating-point system
`usually locates the point by expressing a power of the
`base. See: branchpoint; breakpoint; checkpoint; entry
`point; fixed point; floating point; rerun point; variable
`point.
`210, 255, 77
`(B) The character, or implied location of such a char-
`acter, that separates the integral part of a numerical
`expression from the fractional part. Since the place to
`the left of the point has unit weight in the most com-
`monly used systems, the point is sometimes called the
`units point, although it is frequently called the binary
`point in binary notation and the decimal point in deci-
`mal notation. See: breakpoint; fixed point; floating
`point.
`.
`235
`(3) (lightning protection). The pointed piece of metal
`used at the upper end of the elevation rod to receive
`alightning discharge.
`328
`
`point contact (semiconductors). A pressure contact
`between a semiconductor body and a metallic point.
`See: semiconductor; semiconductor device.
`245
`point detector. A device that is a part of a switch-
`operating mechanism and is operated by a rod con-
`nected to a switch, derail, or movable-point frog to
`indicate that the point is within a specified distance of
`the stock rail.
`328
`point equipment (point)(supervisory control, data ac-
`quisition, and automatic control). Elements of a
`supervisory system, exclusive of the basic common
`equipment, which are peculiar to and required for the
`performance of a discrete supervisory function. (1)
`Alarm point. Station (remote or master, or both)
`equipment(s) that inputs a signal to the alarm func-
`tion. (2) Accumulator point. Station (remote or mas-
`ter, or both) equipment(s) that accepts a pulsing digital
`input signal to accumulate a total of pulse counts. (3)
`Analog point. Station, (remote or master, or both)
`equipment(s) that inputs an analog quantity to the
`analog function. (4) Control point. Station (remote or
`master, or both) equipment(s) that operates to perform
`the control function. (5) Indication (status) point. Sta-
`tion (remote or master, or both) equipment(s) that
`accepts a digital input signal for the function of indica-
`tion. (6) Sequence of events point. Station (remote or
`master, or both) equipment(s) that accepts a digital
`input signal to perform the function of registering se-
`quence of events. (7) Telemetering selection point.
`Station (remote or master, or both) equipment(s) for
`the selective operation of telemetering transmitting
`equipment to appropriate telemetering receiving
`equipment over an interconnecting communication
`channel. This type of point is more commonly used in
`electromechanical or stand-alone type of supervisory
`control. (8) Spare point. Point equipment that is not
`being utilized but is fully wired and equipped. (9)
`Wired point. Point for which all common equipment,
`wiring, and space are provided. To activate the point
`requires only the addition of plug-in hardware. (10)
`Space only point. Point for which cabinet space only
`is provided for future addition or wiring and other
`necessary plug-in equipment. Note: A point may serve
`for one or more of the purposes described above, for
`example, when a supervisory system is used for com-
`bined control and supervision of remotely operated
`equipment, a point for supervisory control and point
`for supervisory indication may be combined into a
`single control and indication point.
`570
`pointer (software). (1) An identifier that indicates the
`location of an item of data. (2) A data item whose
`value is the location of another data item. See: data;
`identifier.
`434
`pointer pusher (demand meter). The element that ad-
`vances the maximum demand pointer in accordance
`with the demand and in integrated-demand meters is
`reset automatically at the end of each demand inter-
`val. See: demand meter.
`328
`pointer shift due to tapping. The displacement in the
`position of a moving element of an instrument that
`occurs when the instrument is tapped lightly. The
`
`
`
`