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`OXFORD ENGLISHOXFORD ENGLISHOXFORD ENGLISHOXFORD ENGLISH
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`DICTIONARYDICTIONARYDICTIONARYDICTIONARY
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`ON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLESON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLESON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLESON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLES
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`EEEEEE BYEEEEEE BYEEEEEE BYEEEEEE BY
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`LESLEY BROWNLESLEY BROWNLESLEY BROWNLESLEY BROWN
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`VOLUME 1VOLUME 1VOLUME 1VOLUME 1
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`Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP
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`Oxford is a trade mark of Oxford University Press
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`© Oxford University Press 1973, 1993
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`First Edition I 933
`Second Edition 1936
`Third Edition I 944
`Reprinted with Revised Etymologies and Enlarged Addenda 1973
`This Edition 1993
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`

`660
`
`dialectician
`
`diagenesis
`hairein take.] 1 The division of one syllable into
`two, esp. by the resolution of a diphthong into
`two simple vowels. L16. 2 The sign " placed over
`a vowel
`to indicate that
`it
`is pronounced
`separately, as in Bronte‘, naive. E17. 3 Pros. A
`break in a line where the end of a foot coincides
`with the end of a word. M19.
`diaeretic /dAro'rat1k/ a. (now rare) of or pertaining
`to diaeresis M17.
`
`[f. om-’ +
`diagenesis /dA1a'd38nISIS/ n. LI9.
`—GENEs1s.] Geol. The physical and chemical
`changes (other than metamorphism) undergone
`by
`a
`sediment
`after
`deposition;
`the
`recombination of the constituents of a mineral
`to form a new mineral.
`the nature of
`diage'netic a.
`involving or of
`diagenesis;
`produced
`by
`diagenesis:
`L19.
`diage'netically adv. M20.
`a.
`-'traup-/
`diageotropic /,dArsd3izo'trop1k,
`L19. [f. pm-1 + GEO'l'R0l’lC.] Bot. Pertaining to
`or
`characterized by a
`tendency to
`grow
`horizontally.
`diageotropisrn n. L19.
`[f. Gk
`rare. M19.
`diaglyphic /dAIo'gl1f1k/ a.
`diagluphein carve in intaglio + -IC.] Of the
`nature of an intaglio; engraved.
`v. M19.
`diagnose
`/'d/tragnsoz,
`-'nauz/
`i. Make a
`[Back-form.
`f. next.]
`1 v.t.
`81
`diagnosis of, infer the presence of (a particular
`disease etc.)
`from symptoms. M19.
`2 v.t.
`Ascertain the condition of (a person etc.) by
`diagnosis. E20.
`diag'nosable a. L19.
`-noses
`Pl.
`n.
`diagnosis
`/dAI9g'n9USlS/
`f. Gk,
`f.
`/-'nousi:z/. L17.
`[mod.L diagnosis
`diagignoskein distinguish, discern, f. as om-1 +
`gigndskein KNOW v.]
`1 The
`process
`of
`determining the nature of a disease etc.;
`the
`identification of a disease from a patient’s
`symptoms etc.; a formal statement of this. L17. b
`transf. & fig.
`(A conclusion from) analysis; the
`ascertainment of the cause of a mechanical
`fault
`etc. M19.
`2 Taxon. The distinctive
`characterization of a species etc. M19.
`1 difierential diagnosis: see DIFFERENTIAL a. 2.
`[Gk
`diagnostic /dA1og'nost1k/ a. & n. EI7.
`diagnostikos able to distinguish, he? diagnostiké (sc.
`tekhné’)
`the art of distinguishing diseases: see
`prec.,
`-1C.] A adj.
`1 Of or pertaining to
`diagnosis.
`E17.
`2 Of use
`in
`diagnosis;
`characteristic, distinctive. M17. 3 Computing. Of
`a program or a routine within one: designed to
`identify program errors or system faults and to
`give information about them. M20.
`2 D. Arrsnaonouor-1 The diagnostic character of
`having not one but two pairs of antennae.
`B n. 1 A diagnosis. Now rare exc. in pl. , the art
`of diagnosis. E17. 2 A distinctive symptom or
`characteristic; a specific trait. M17. 3 Computing.
`An output that helps a user to identify an error
`or malfunction;
`a
`facility or
`routine
`for
`producing such an output. Usu. in pl. M20.
`1 PLASMA diagnostics.
`v.1.
`diagnostically
`adv. M17.
`diagnosticate
`diagnose M19. diagndstician n. a person skilled in
`diagnosis; a person who makes a diagnosis: M19.
`[L
`diagonal
`/dA1'agan(a)l/
`a.
`81
`n. M16.
`diagonalis f. Gk diagdnios from angle to angle, f.
`as om-1 + gonia angle: see -AL‘. Cf.
`(O)Fr.
`diagonal.] A adj. 1 (Of a line) joining two non-
`adjacent vertices of a figure or solid; extending
`between opposite comers or edges of something.
`M16. 2 Having an oblique direction; slanting.
`M16. 3 Marked with diagonal or oblique lines;
`having some part situated obliquely. L17.
`2 J. ROSENBERG The diagonal shadow cast by the
`nose. 3 H. N. MOSELEY A wide patch of diagonal
`ornamentation upon the abdomen. diagonal cloth =
`DIAGONAL n. 3. diagonal matrix Math.: having non-
`zero elements only in the diagonal running from the
`upper left to the lower right.
`B n. 1 A diagonal line. L16. 2 An oblique part
`of something. M19. 3 A twilled fabric with the
`ridges running diagonally. M19.
`diagonalizable a. (Math.) able to be diagonalized
`M20. diagonalization n.
`(Math.)
`the process of
`diagonalizing M20. diagonalize v. (a) v.i. (rare) move
`obliquely; (b) or. (Mazh.) transform into a diagonal
`
`matrix: L19. diagonally adv. in a diagonal direction;
`obliquely, slantwise: LME.
`diagram /'dA1sgram/ n. & 2:. E17. [L diagramma
`f. Gk, f. diagraphein mark out by lines, f. as DIA-1
`+ graphein write: see —GRAM.] A n. 1 A sketch or
`figure showing the features of an object needed
`for exposition, rather than its actual appearance.
`E17. 2 A figure composed of lines serving to
`illustrate or prove a theorem etc. in geometry or
`logic. M17. 3 A figure (e.g.
`a graph or a
`histogram)
`representing a
`series of
`related
`numerical quantities. M19.
`1 floral diagram: see FLORAL a. tree diagram: see TREE
`n. 5b. vowel diagram:
`see vowEL n. 3 INDICATOR
`diagram.
`B v. t. Infl. -mm-, *-m-. Represent by or in a
`diagram; fig. give an outline or summary of.
`Chiefly US. M19.
`diagr-a'mmatic a. M19. diagi-a'mmatically adv.
`M19.
`v.t. Also
`diagrammatize /dAl9'gram:3tAIZ/
`-ise. L19. [f. Gk diagrammat- stem of diagramma
`DIAGRAM + -rzE.] Put into diagrammatic form;
`represent by a diagram.
`diagraph /'dA1ogru:f/ n. E18. [Branch I f. Gk
`diagraphe, f. as om-1, -GRAPH. Branch II f. Fr.
`diagraphe,
`f.
`stem of Gk diagraphein
`(see
`DlAGRAM).] 11-1 A description. rare. Only in 218.
`2 A diagram in logic.
`rare. M19.
`II3 An
`instrument for mechanically drawing projections
`or making copies, consisting of a pen governed
`by cords
`and pulleys which in turn are
`controlled by a pointer. Now rare. M19. 4 A
`combined protractor and scale for plotting. L19.
`dia'graphic a. (now rare) of or pertaining to drawing
`or graphic representation M17. fdiagrapltical a. =
`DIAGRAPHICZ only in E17.
`diagrid /'dA1ogr1d/ 71. M20. [f. DIAGONAL a. +
`GRID n.] A supporting structure of diagonally
`intersecting ribs of metal, concrete, etc.
`diagrydium /dAl9'gl'IdI3m/ n. LME. [Late L,
`alt. of Gk dakmdion a kind of scammony, dim.
`of dakru a tear.] A preparation of scamrnony,
`formerly used in pharmacy.
`diaheliotropic /,dA1ohi:l1a'troprk, -'troup-/ a.
`L19. [f. nm—‘ + HEI.I0'1'R0l’IC.] Bot. Pertaining to
`or
`characterized by a
`tendency to grow
`transversely to incident light.
`diaheliotropism n. L19.
`diakinesis /dArokA1'ni:s1s/ n. E20. [f. DIA-1 + Gk
`kinésis motion.] Cytol. The last stage of the
`prophase of the first meiotic division, just before
`the disappearance of the nuclear membrane.
`dial /dA1(a)l/ n.‘ & v. ME. [med.L diale dial of a
`clock, use as n. of neut. of adj. implied by dialiter
`daily, f. L dies day: see -AL‘. Cf. OFr. dial wheel
`in a clock that completes one turn daily.] A n.
`lfa A mariner’s compass. ME—M17. b A
`miner’s compass for underground surveying.
`M17. 2 An instrument for telling the time of day
`by means of the shadow cast by a pointer on a
`graduated surface; esp. a sundial. LME. 1'3 A
`timepiece or chronometer of any kind; a clock, a
`watch. LME—L17. 4 The face of a clock or
`watch, marked to show the hours etc. LME. 5 A
`circular plate or face with numbered markings
`on it from which can be read a measurement
`etc. indicated by a pointer; any device in which a
`moving element shows the numerical value of
`something, esp. one on a radio showing the
`frequency to which it is tuned. M18. b A circular
`plate on a telephone with numbers etc. and a
`disc with finger-holes which is rotated for each
`digit of a number being called. L19. 6 A person’s
`face. slang. E19. 7 A lapidary’s instrument for
`holding a gem during cutting and polishing. L19.
`2 horizontal dial, nocturnal dial, vertical dial, etc.
`moon-dial: see MooN n. sundial: see SUN n.‘ 5 M.
`LOWRY Hugh .
`. turned the radio dial back and forth,
`trying to get San Antonio. J. HAWKES Rows of knobs,
`dials with needles all set at zero.
`B v. Infl. -ll-, *-1-. 1 v.i. & 2. Survey using a
`miner’s dial. M17. 2 v. t. Measure or indicate (as)
`with a dial. E19. 3 v.:'. & 2. Operate the dial (or
`the keys) of a telephone; do this for (a digit or
`series of digits); call (a number, a person, etc.)
`by
`this means
`to
`establish
`telephonic
`connection. E20.
`
`local
`
`2 fig.: P. J. BAILEY To teach us how to dial bliss. 3
`G. GREENE I was just going to dial Inquiries. W. DE LA
`MARE Dial 999, and gain. . Safety from fire, police
`and ambulance. dial-a-: used to prefix a n. to form
`adjs. and ns. denoting something that can be provided
`or ordered by telephone. dial up operate a telephone
`dial or keypad; gain access to (a computer etc.) over a
`telephone line in this way; ring up.
`Comb. (mainly f. the n.): dial-plate the face-plate of
`a dial; esp. that of a clock or watch, marked with the
`hours; dial telephone: operated by means of a dial;
`dial tone N. Amer. = DIALLING tone; dial-up a.
`pertaining to or designating a data transmission link
`that uses the public telephone system, access to it
`being gained by dialling.
`[f. diallylbarbituric acid.]
`dial /'dA1al/
`rt.’ E20.
`Pharm. A preparation of diallylbarbituric acid,
`used as a sedative.
`dial-bird /'dA1alba:d/ n. M18. [f. Hind. dahiyal,
`dahel (see DKYAI.) after DIAL n.1: see BIRD n.] In
`the Indian subcontinent, = MAGPIE-robin.
`dialect /'dA1olekt/ n. M16.
`[Fr. dialecte or L
`dialectus,
`f. Gk dialektos discourse, way of
`speaking, f. dialegesthai converse with, discourse,
`f. as DIA-1 + legein speak.] 1'1 = DIALECTIC n. 1.
`M16—M18. 2 A manner of speaking, language,
`speech; esp. one peculiar to or characteristic of a
`particular person or class; idiom. L16. 3 A form
`of speech peculiar to a district; a variety of a
`language with
`non-standard
`vocabulary,
`pronunciation, or
`idioms;
`any language in
`relation to the language family to which it
`belongs. L16. 4 Computing. A particular version
`of a programming language. M20.
`2 J. CLARKE The Lawyer’s Dialect. J. FOSTER The
`theological dialect. G. ORWELL The political dialects
`to be found in pamphlets, leading aru'cles,. . and the
`speeches of Under-Secretaries. 3 DAY Lawrs Hardly
`understanding a word he said because of his thick
`East—Anglian dialect. eye-dialecr. see EYE n.
`Comb.: dialect geography the study of
`difierences within a speech area.
`dia'lectal a. belonging to or of the nature of a dialect
`M19. dia'lecta.lly adv. M19.
`[(O)Fr.
`LME.
`n.
`dialectic
`/dAI9'lz~:kt1k/
`f. Gk
`dialectique or
`its
`source L dialectica
`dialektike use as n.
`(so.
`tekhné art) of fem. of
`dialektikos pertaining to discourse,
`f. dialektos:
`see prec.,
`-1C. Pl. after L dialectica treated as
`neut. pl.] I sing. or in pl. (treated as sing. or pl.).
`1 The art of critically investigating the truth of
`opinions;
`logical disputation or
`argument.
`Formerly,
`logic
`as
`applied
`to
`rhetorical
`reasoning.
`LME.
`2 The
`philosophy
`of
`metaphysical contradictions and their solutions,
`esp. in the thought of Kant and Hegel; the world
`process seen as a continuing unification of
`opposites; the existence or action of opposing
`forces or tendencies in society etc. L18.
`2 Listener Dialectics is
`indeed the grammar of
`Marxist thinking.
`II3 A dialectic philosopher; a critical enquirer
`after truth; a logical disputant. M17.
`dialectic /dA1:;'lsktrk/ a. M17. [L dialecticus f.
`Gk dialektikos: see prec. In branch II f. DIALECT
`+ -1c.] 11 Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of
`logical disputation. M17. 2 Fond of or practising
`logical disputation. MI9. II3 = DIALECTAL. Now
`rare. E19.
`dialecticism /-s1z(a)m/ n. (a) rare the tendency or
`influence of dialects;
`(b) dialectic philosophy or
`practice: L19.
`dialectical /dA1a'lektrk(a)l/ n. & :1. E16. [f. as
`prec. + -ICAL.] -[A n. = DIALECTIC n. 1. Only in
`E16.
`B adj. I1 = DIALECTIC a. 1. M16. 2 Of or
`pertaining to dialectic as a philosophy. L18.
`1 J. C. RANSOM His understanding is intuitive rather
`than dialectical.
`2 dialectical materialism the
`Marxist theory of political and historical events as due
`to the conflict of social
`forces caused by man’s
`material needs and interpretable as
`a
`series of
`contradictions and their solutions.
`II3 = DIALECTAL. M18.
`dialectically ad-v.
`(a) by means of dialectic,
`logically; (b) as regards dialect, dialectally: L16.
`[Fr.
`dialectician /dA1alsk't1I(a)n/
`n. M16.
`1 A
`dialecticien, f. as DIALECTIC a.: see —ICIAN.]
`person skilled in disputation; a logician. M16. 2
`A student of dialects. M19.
`
`b but, d dog, f few, 9 get, h he, j yes, k cat, l leg, rn man, 11 no, p pen, r red, s sit, t top, v van, w we, z zoo, I she, 3 vision, 0 thin, 6 this, 1] ring, tj‘ chip, d3 iar
`
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`

`

`house
`
`shelter to. LME. 3 Naut. Place in a secure or
`sheltered position. M18. 4 Fix (a piece of wood,
`etc.) in a socket, joint, or mortise. M19.
`1 A.
`I. P. TAYLOR He. .housed us without a
`moment’s fuss. b E. Fe1NsrE1N A small friendly square
`around which many Russians housed themselves. 2 L.
`DURRELL A small observatory which housed a
`telescope of thirty magnifications. K. TYNAN The
`difficulty of finding out what theatre is housing the
`play you want to see. Antiquarian Horology A clock-
`case which houses a clock by Thomas Fayrer of
`Lancaster. J. A. MICHENER The mound now housed a
`town of a hundred mud-brick houses.
`[I 22. i. 1'5 Build a house or houses. ME—L15. 6
`Live or take shelter (as) in a house. L16.
`6 R. I_. STEVENSON An old gentleman . .housed with
`them for a while during our stay.
`house /haoz/ 21.21. Now rare. E16. [f. House n.2]
`Cover (a horse) with a textile house or housing.
`housebreak /'hausbrerk/ 22. Pa. t. (rare) -broke
`/-brauk/,
`pa.
`pple & ppl
`a.
`-broken
`/-braUk(a)n/. ME.
`[f. House n.‘ + BREAK 22.] I
`22.1‘. Break into a house with intent to steal etc.
`Chiefly as HOUSEBREAKING. ME. 2 22. t. = House-
`TRAIN. Freq. in pass. Chiefly N. Amer. E20.
`housebreaker /'hausbreika/ n. LME. [f. HOUSE
`n.‘ + BREAKER n.‘] 1 A person who breaks into a
`house with intent to steal etc. (in Law formerly
`in the daytime only: cf. BURGLAR). LME. 2 A
`person employed in demolishing houses. L19.
`[f.
`housebreaking /'haUsbrerk1r]/
`rt.
`E17.
`House n.‘ + BREAKING n.] The act of breaking
`into a house with intent to steal etc.
`(in Law
`formerly in the daytime only: cf. BURGLARY).
`houseful /'hausfol, -f(a)l/ n. ME. [f. HOUSE n.‘
`+ -EUL.] As much or as many as a house will
`hold.
`
`1271
`
`caretaker. M16. 'j‘b A guard dog. Only in L17. 4
`spec. A person, esp. a woman, who manages the
`affairs of a household (in a large establishment
`usu.
`including supervision
`of
`any
`female
`servants) or (now) the cleaning of a hotel etc.;
`(with qualifying adj.)
`a good etc. person at
`managing household affairs. Formerly also, a
`person engaged in a domestic occupation. L16. 5
`A person who keeps to the house, or stays at
`home. rare. E18.
`
`[f. House
`housekeeping /'haoskirpirJ/ n. M16.
`n.‘
`+ KEEPING n.]
`1 Maintenance of
`a
`household, keeping a house; management of
`household affairs,
`transf. management of an
`organization’s finances etc. M16. 1'2 Hospitality.
`Usu. w. qualifying adj. M16—M19. 3 Money set
`aside or given for housekeeping expenses,
`housekeeping money.
`colloq. M20. 4 Those
`operations of a computer, an organization, etc.,
`which make its work possible but do not directly
`constitute its performance, e.g. maintenance and
`record-keeping. M20.
`1 C. ODETS We’ve set up housekeeping together, Joe.
`Abingdon Herald The Vale’s financial strategy, based
`on continued good housekeeping and further capital
`investment. 3 J. PORTER Ifl ask you for a bit more
`housekeeping, that’s a different story.
`Comb. (see also I-IOUSEKEEPING a. 2): housekeeping
`allowance, money:
`set
`aside
`or
`given
`for
`housekeeping expenses.
`
`housekeeping /‘haUski:prr]/ a. M16. [Sense 1 f.
`House n.‘ + keeping pres. pple of KEEP 22. ; sense
`2 the n. used attrib.] 1 That keeps a house or
`maintains
`a household. Now rare. M16. 2
`Designating holiday or rented accommodation
`providing equipment
`for housekeeping;
`self-
`catering. N. Amer. M20.
`
`Hova
`
`M18.
`M16—E18. 3 A small case for sewing equipment.
`
`housewifeship n. (chiefly Sc. & north.) housewifery
`ME. housewifish a. housewifely M19.
`housewife /'haoswA1f/ 22. Now rare. M16. [f. the
`n.] 1
`22.11 & t.
`(w.
`it). Be a (good) housewife;
`manage
`a
`household,
`esp.
`skilfully
`and
`economically. M16. 2 22.2. Manage as a (good)
`housewife, skilfiilly and economically. M17.
`2 DEFOE I must housewife the money.
`housewifely /'haUswAifli/ a. LME. [f. as prec.
`+ -LY‘.] Pertaining to or characteristic of a
`(good) housewife;
`skilful and economical
`in
`managing household affairs.
`housewifeliness n. M16.
`[f. as prec.
`housewifery /'hauswrfrr'/ n. LME.
`+ -RY.]
`1
`(Skill
`in) household management,
`housecraft; housekeeping. LME. Tb Thrift,
`economy. M17~L18.
`1'2
`collect. Articles of
`household use. M16—E19.
`housewives n. pl. ofHousew1r=e n.
`housey /‘hausi/ n. colloq. Also housie. M20.
`[Abbrev. of next.] = House n.‘ 11.
`housey-housey /hausr‘haosi/ n. Also housie-
`II.
`housie. M20. [f. House n.‘ + -v‘*.] = House n.‘
`
`housie(-housie) ns. vars. of I-IOUSEY(—HOUSEY).
`housing /llaUZlI]/ n.‘ ME. [f. House n.‘ or 22.1 +
`—1NG‘.] I 1 Shelter (like that of a house); lodging.
`ME. 2 Property consisting of houses; houses or
`buildings,
`collectively;
`spec.
`outbuildings
`attached to a house. LME. b A house,
`a
`building. Long rare. LME. 3 Archit. A canopied
`niche for a statue or other image. Long obs. exc.
`Hist. LME. 4 Naut. A covering or roofing for a
`ship. E19. 5 Carpentry. A recess or groove in one
`piece of timber etc. for another to fit into. 1519. 6
`A massive metal frame or pillar that supports
`one end of a set of rolls in a rolling-mill. M19. 7
`A structure that supports and encloses
`the
`bearings at the end of an axle or shaft, a joumal-
`box; a rigid casing that encloses and protects any
`piece of moving or delicate equipment. L19.
`1 C. MATHER Their housing is nothing but a few
`mats tyed about poles fastened in the earth. 2 J.
`can’t be beautiful.
`KRANTZ I’ll never accept the idea that public housing
`II8 The action of HOUSE 22.‘; esp. provision of
`houses. LME.
`
`Comb.: housing association an association aiming
`to provide housing at (relatively) low cost; housing
`development
`the act or process of planning and
`building a (large) group of houses; a housing estate;
`housing estate a residential area planned as a unit,
`and often having its own shops and other facilities;
`housing list a waiting-list for council houses; housing
`project: see PROJECT n. 6c; housing scheme a housing
`estate, esp. of council houses.
`
`household /'haUshauld/ n. & a. LME. [f. House
`n.‘ + HOLD n.‘] A n.
`I collect. The people living
`in a house, esp. a family in a house; a domestic
`establishment. LME. 1'2 The maintaining of a
`house or family; housekeeping. LME—L16. T3
`collect. The contents of a house; household
`goods and furniture. LME—E18.
`l V. GLENDINNING The Fairfield household moved
`back to London. E. Fe1Ns'rerN After his second wife’s
`death, the household of Professor Tsvetayev split up.
`the Household spec. the royal household.
`B attrib. or as ad}.
`1 Of or pertaining to a
`household; domestic. LME. 2 Intimate, homely.
`arch. LME.
`2 L. STERNE Good plain household judgment.
`Special collocation: & comb.: household appliance a
`piece of equipment used in the house. household
`book a book for the keeping of household accounts.
`household bread Hist. bread of an ordinary quality
`for household use. household effects the movable
`contents of a house. household fianchise Hist.
`the
`right of voting in elections consequent on being a
`householder. household gods (a) gods presiding over
`a household, esp.
`(Rom. Hist.) the lares and penates;
`(b)
`the
`essentials
`of
`home
`life.
`household
`management the management of domestic affairs,
`esp. as a subject of study. household name a well-
`known name. household science (chiefly N. Amer.)
`the
`study of household management,
`domestic
`science. household stuff are . = household eflects
`above.
`household troops
`(in Britain)
`troops
`nominally
`employed
`to
`guard
`the monarch.
`household word a well—known name or saying.
`householdry n. (arch.) management of a household,
`housekeeping L16.
`householder /'haUsh9ulda/ n. LME. [f. House
`71.‘ + HOLDER n.‘] A person who owns or rents a
`house, flat, etc., as his or her own dwelling (Hist.
`with a type of occupancy bringing entitlement to
`the franchise); a head of a household or family.
`householdership n. E19.
`householding /'haUsh9oldrr]/
`n. Now rare.
`LME.
`[f. House n.‘ + HOLDING n.] (Formerly)
`management or (later) occupancy of a house.
`housekeep /'hauskixp/ 22.2’. calloq. Pa. t. & pple
`‘kept
`/-kept/. M19.
`[Back—for-m.
`f. next or
`Houser<EErrNG n. Cf. earlier HOUSEKEEPING a.
`1-] Act as a housekeeper (for); keep house.
`housekeeper /'haUski:pa/ n. LME.
`[f. House
`"-‘
`+
`KEEPER
`n.]
`1-1
`= HOUSEHOLDER.
`LME«Mr9. 1-2 With qualifying adj.: a good etc.
`Person in offering hospitality. M164.-Z18. 3 A
`Person in charge of a house, office, etc.; a
`
`housekept 22. pa. t. & pple of HOUSEKEEP.
`[OE
`housel /‘hauz(9)l/ n. & 22. obs. exc. Hist.
`husl (whence ON hurl) = Goth. hunsl sacrifice,
`offering:
`ult.
`origin
`unkn.] A n.
`(The
`administration or receiving of)
`the Eucharist.
`OE. B 'U.t.
`Infl.
`-11-,
`-1-. Administer
`the
`Eucharist to; in pass, receive the Eucharist. OE.
`houseling n. 8: a. (a) n. the action of the vb; (b) adj.
`(atm'b.) used at the celebration of the Eucharist: OE.
`houseless /'haushs/ a. LME.
`[f. House n.‘ +
`—LEss.] W/ithout a house; homeless.
`houselessness n. E19.
`housemaid /‘haUsme1d/ n. & 22. L17. [f. House
`n.‘ + MAID n.] A n. A female domestic servant,
`esp. one in charge of reception rooms and
`bedrooms. L17.
`housemaid’s closet, cupboard: where cleaning
`materials are kept. housemaid’s knee swelling of the
`bursa in front of the kneecap, often the result of
`frequent kneeling.
`in the manner of
`B 22. 2. Look after
`housemaid; put in order. M19.
`P. DEVLIN One of his [the trial judge’s] jobs is to
`housemaid the case. . .To get the evidence as clean
`and tidy as he can.
`
`a
`
`[f.
`houseman /'hausm9n/ n. Pl. -men. L18.
`HOUSE n.‘ + MAN n.] 1 A married labourer on a
`Norwegian farm. rare. L18. 2 (H-.) A member of
`Christ Church, Oxford (‘the House’). M19. 3 A
`man responsible for general duties in a house,
`hotel, etc. M19. 4 A house physician or house
`surgeon, in Britain now usu. a qualified junior
`doctor working under supervision in a hospital
`before being fully registered as an independent
`medical practitioner. M20.
`housemanship n. the position of being a houseman
`in a hospital M20.
`
`[fl House 11.2 or 22.2
`housing /'hauzrrJ/ n.2 LME.
`+ -1NG1.] A Covering, esp. of cloth;
`spec. a
`covering put on a horse etc. for protection or
`ornament, trappings. Freq. in pl.
`[mod.L (see
`houstonia /hu1'staUnra/ n. E19.
`below),
`f. William Houston, Sc. botanist
`(d.
`1733): see —IA1.] Any of various N. American
`plants of the former genus Houstonia, of the
`madder
`family, now included in the genus
`Hedyotis;
`esp.
`the bluets, Hedyotis
`(formerly
`Houstonia) caerulea.
`houting /‘haut1r]/ n. L19. [Du. f. MDu. houzic,
`of uncertain origin.] Either of two Whitefish,
`valued in places for food, either (a) the rare
`anadromous
`form Coregonus oxyrhynchus, of
`Baltic coasts and rivers, or
`(b)
`the variable
`freshwater
`form Coregonus
`lavaretus, which
`occurs in lakes of northern Europe and Asia. Cf.
`GWYNIAD, LAVARET, POWAN, SKELLY n. r.
`fhouve n. see Hoo n.‘
`'hw1nrm/ n. E18. [The
`houyhnhnm /'hU1n1m,
`name (intended to suggest the neigh of a horse)
`of a fictional race of reasoning horses in Swift’s
`Gulliz2er’s Tra22els.] A horse considered as having
`human characteristics.
`Hova /‘heave, 'hova/ n. & a. M19. [Malagasy.]
`A n. Pl. -s, same. A member of the dominant
`people of the Malagasy Republic (formerly
`Madagascar); the dialect of Malagasy spoken by
`U put, u: too, 9 ago, A] my, at) how, er day, au no, 5: hair, 19 near, or boy, U9 poor, Ara tire, aua sour
`
`house-train /'haUstrem/ 22.1. e2o. [f. House n.1
`+ TRAIN 22.] Train (a domestic animal, an infant)
`to be clean in the house, teach where to urinate
`and defecate; joc. colloq. teach good manners or
`tidiness to. Usu. in pass.
`'hAzif/
`in sense 3 & dial.
`housewife /'haUswArf,
`n. Pl. -wives /-WAIVZ/. Also (now only in sense
`3) hussive /'hAz1v/, (esp. in sense 2) fhuswife.
`ME. [f. House n.‘ + wree n. See also HUSSY.] 1
`A (married) woman who looks
`after
`the
`domestic affairs of her household, esp. as her
`principal occupation;
`(with qualifying adj.) a
`good etc. domestic manager. ME. 12 = I-IUSSY 3.
`3 Cat; or arm, r»: bed, 9: her, I sit, i cosy, i: see, D hot, 3: saw, A run,
`
`
`
`