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`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`Carl Zeiss SMT GMBH
`Petitioner
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`v.
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`Nikon Corporation
`Patent Owner
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Patent 7,348,575
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`PETITIONER’S OPPOSITION TO PATENT OWNER’S
`CONDITIONAL MOTION TO EXCLUDE EVIDENCE
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`Page
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`INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1
`I.
`II. STATEMENT OF MATERIAL FACTS ............................................................ 2
`A.
` Mr. Juergens’ Expertise in Past Versions of CODE V Software ................... 2
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`B. Mr. Juergens’ Optimization of His Calculations for Two Field Points .......... 6
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`III. ARGUMENT .................................................................................................... 7
`A. Patent Owner’s Arguments Go to Weight, not Relevance .............................. 7
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`B. Federal Rule of Evidence 403 Has Limited Relevance to This Proceeding ... 9
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`C. Mr. Juergens’ Opinion is Probative as to the Relevant State of the Art at the
`Time of Invention .......................................................................................... 11
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`IV. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................. 14
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`i
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
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`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
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`Page(s)
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`Statutes
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.62(a) ................................................................................................... 7
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.64(c) ................................................................................................... 1
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`Federal Rule of Evidence 401 .................................................................................... 8
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`Federal Rule of Evidence 403 ............................................................................ 10, 11
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`Federal Rule of Evidence 802 .................................................................................... 2
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`Federal Rule of Evidence 901 .................................................................................... 2
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`
`
`Cases
`Abbott Labs. v. Alra Labs., Inc.,
`Case No. 92-5806, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16611 (N.D. Ill. Oct.
`20, 1997) ............................................................................................................. 13
`
`Amazon.com, Inc. v. Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.,
`239 F.3d 1343 (Fed. Cir. 2001) .......................................................................... 12
`
`Ariad Pharms., Inc. v. Eli Lilly & Co.,
`598 F.3d 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2010) .......................................................................... 12
`
`Comm. Union v. Boston Edison,
`591 N.E.2d 165 (Mass. 1992) ............................................................................. 13
`
`Donnelly Garment Co. v. NLRB,
`123 F.2d 214 (8th Cir. 1941) .............................................................................. 11
`
`Genentech, Inc. v. Trs. of the Univ. of Pa.,
`871 F. Supp. 2d 963 (N.D. Cal. 2010) .......................................................... 12, 13
`
`Gnosis S.p.A. v. Merck & CIE,
`IPR2013-00117, Paper No. 71 (PTAB June 20, 2014) ...................................... 11
`
`ii
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`
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Gulf States Utils. Co. v. Ecodyne Corp.,
`635 F.3d 517 (5th Cir. 1981) .............................................................................. 10
`
`Kimberly–Clark Corp. v. Johnson & Johnson,
`745 F.2d 1437 (Fed. Cir. 1984) .......................................................................... 12
`
`Lorraine v. Markel Am. Ins. Co.,
`241 F.R.D. 534 (D. Md. 2007) ........................................................................... 13
`
`Schultz v. Butcher,
`24 F.3d 626 (4th Cir. 1994) ................................................................................ 10
`
`Siemens AG v. Seagate Tech.,
`369 F. App'x 118 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ...................................................................... 12
`
`United States v. Preston,
`706 F.3d 1106 (9th Cir. 2013) ............................................................................ 10
`
`iii
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
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`I.
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`INTRODUCTION
`Petitioner Carl Zeiss SMT GmbH (“Zeiss”) now opposes Patent Owner
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`Nikon’s Conditional Motion to Exclude Evidence Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.64(c)
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`(Paper No. 32) in its entirety. Patent Owner seeks to exclude Exhibits 1036 and 1038-
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`1049 (“the Challenged Exhibits”), arguing that these have no “probative value and no
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`relevance to any issues raised by the parties unless Nikon’s Exhibits 2036-2039 are
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`also included in the record.” (Paper No. 32 at 8) (emphasis added). In other words,
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`Patent Owner’s Motion to Exclude is based on the convoluted proposition that the
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`Challenged Exhibits lack probative value unless viewed through the lens of Patent
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`Owner’s competing exhibits. In this way, Patent Owner’s presentation of this Motion
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`as “Conditional” belies its merits; the presence of competing Exhibits in the action has
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`no bearing on whether the Challenged Exhibits are relevant. Rather, each of Patent
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`Owner’s arguments go to the weight of each Challenged Exhibit, not its relevance. As
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`recognized by the Board in a recent Order, a Motion to Exclude is an improper forum
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`for such arguments. Notably, Petitioner’s concurrently-filed Motion to Exclude
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`(Paper No. 35) does not seek exclusion of Exhibits 2036-2039 on the basis of
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`relevance.1
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`1 Petitioner seeks to exclude Exhibits 2036-2039 on the bases of 1) lack of
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`authentication under FRE 901, (2) as inadmissible hearsay under FRE 802, and 3)
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`as untimely. (See, e.g., Paper No. 35 at 1).
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`1
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`STATEMENT OF MATERIAL FACTS
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`II.
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`A. Mr. Juergens’ Expertise in Past Versions of CODE V Software
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`The Challenged Exhibits include the body of calculations resulting from Mr.
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`Juergens’ use of version 10.6 of CODE V to modify the lens prescription for the
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`projection optical system shown in Fig. 5 of the Terasawa prior art (Ex. 1008) to
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`include an immersion liquid.2 (See, e.g., Ex. 1036 at ¶ 14). In his associated
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`2 Specifically, the simulations found within the Challenged Exhibits show that a
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`person of skill in the art could have employed CODE V to redesign the projection
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`optical system shown in Fig. 5 of Terasawa (Ex. 1008) by adding an immersion fluid
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`between the last lens surface and the wafer to increase depth of focus, and to re-
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`optimize the aspheric coefficients of the system to obtain an imaging performance
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`with respect to aberrations as good as, or better than, the original dry design for
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`Terasawa with respect to the innermost and outermost field points. (Ex. 1036 at ¶¶
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`15-31, 43-47; see also Ex. 2040, page 102, line 7 to page 103, line 4; page 133, line 2-
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`22). Moreover, Mr. Juergens similarly showed that one of skill could have further
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`used CODE V to increase the numerical aperture (“NA”) of the system from NA =
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`0.6 to NA > 1.0 by varying the thicknesses and curvatures of additional elements, in
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`addition to re-optimizing the aspheric coefficients, and measuring the performance of
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`such designs by reducing the aberrations at the inner and outermost field points to
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`2
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`supplemental declaration, (Ex. 1036, also the subject of Patent Owner’s Conditional
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`Motion to Exclude), Mr. Juergens noted:
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`The version of CODE V that I used is version 10.6. While this version
`was not available in 2003, I was careful to use only those functions and
`features of the program that were available in the 2003 version, which is
`no longer available.
`(Ex. 1036 at ¶17). During cross-examination, Mr. Juergens testified as to his
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`familiarity and experience with CODE V version 9.2, the version of CODE V
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`available in 2003. Specifically, Mr. Juergens testified as to his use of this earlier
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`version in his work as an optical designer at that time. (Ex. 2040 at page 21, line 17 to
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`page 22, line 2). Further, Mr. Juergens testified as to his employment through 1999
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`with Optical Research Associates, the company that sold CODE V software. While
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`employed by that company, Mr. Juergens’ responsibilities included training optical
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`designers at both Nikon and Zeiss in the use of CODE V. (Ex. 2040 at page 26, lines
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`3-17). When questioned as to how he could be certain that the functions and features
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`of CODE V used to generate the calculations comprising the Challenged Exhibits
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`“were available in the 2003 version of CODE V”, Mr. Juergens testified that he used
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`only “those features and those techniques that [he] had taught [to Nikon and Zeiss]
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`back in that time frame.” (Ex. 2040, page 26, lines 12-17).
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`levels less than those in Terasawa Fig. 5. (Ex. 1036 at ¶¶ 32-42; see also Ex. 2040,
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`page 113, lines 6-10 and page 132, lines 2-22).
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`3
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Although Mr. Juergens conceded during cross-examination that CODE V had
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`undergone improvements between 2003 and 2013 (Ex. 2040, page 50, lines 11-13), he
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`relied on his expertise in the field in maintaining that these improvements would not
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`have affected the optimization analysis resulting in the Challenged Exhibits:
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`A. I can say that with certainty because I’m an expert in CODE V. I
`know what features have been added to it, and I know what was – what
`features were in the program back in the 2003 time frame. Because, as I
`mentioned, I taught . . . lens design for lithographic systems to Nikon,
`among other companies, and I was careful not to use those features.
`Q. Fair enough.
`(Ex. 2040, page 50, line 19 to page 51, line 3).3 Mr. Juergens also conceded that the
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`3 Mr. Juergens testified at length regarding new features introduced into CODE V
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`software between versions 9.2 and 10.6, and confirmed that none of these new
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`features were employed in the generation of the Challenged Exhibits. (See, e.g.,
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`Ex. 2040, page 22, line 25 to page 23, line 9; page 30, line 16 – page 46, line 16;
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`page 30, line 16 to page 33, line 11 (addressing features in version 9.8); page 33,
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`line 12 to page 36, line 4 (addressing features in version 10.1); page 36, line 5 to
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`page 37, line 7 (addressing features in version 10.2); page 37, line 8 to page 40,
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`line 9 (addressing features in version 10.3); page 40, line 10 to page 41, line 8
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`(addressing features in version 10.4), page 41, line 9 to page 42, line 22
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`4
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`computer he used to generate the Challenged Exhibits necessarily had more
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`processing power than one he would have had available to perform the same
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`calculations in 2003, although the ultimate conclusion of the optical design
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`experiment would not have varied with processing speed. (Ex. 2040, page. 135, line 3
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`to page 136, line 16).
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`Notably, Dr. Jose Sasian, Patent Owner’s expert, testified during his own cross-
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`examination that one of skill in the art at the time of invention would have known
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`how to use CODE V software to optimize lens design. Specifically, Dr. Sasian
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`confirmed that prior to 2003, a person of skill in the relevant art could have used
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`optical design tools such as CODE V “to evaluate whether immersion fluid could be
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`added to Terasawa.” (Ex. 1033, page 178, lines 10-25; see also page 180, line 17 to
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`page 181, line 6; page 182, line 15 to page 183, line 25). Similarly, with respect to
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`using an immersion fluid to increase depth of focus, Dr. Sasian testified that a person
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`of skill in 2003 would have known how to correct for the aberrations introduced by
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`the immersion fluid. (Ex. 1033 at page 120, line 11 to page 121, line 20). Notably,
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`Patent Owner introduced no competing experiments by Dr. Sasian (or anyone else)
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`tending to show that the calculations resulting in the Challenged Exhibits would not
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`have been available at the time of invention. Indeed, Dr. Sasian testified that he did
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`(addressing features in version 10.5); page 43, line 3 to page 46, line 16
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`(addressing features in version 10.6).
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`5
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`not do any such testing, nor was he made aware of any such testing. (Ex. 1033, page
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`173, line 15 to page 174, line 5).
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`B. Mr. Juergens’ Optimization of His Calculations for Two Field Points
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`Patent Owner makes much of the fact that the calculations making up the
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`Challenged Exhibits were optimized for “only” two field points:
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`Mr. Juergens’ own plots only show that his computer-assisted lens
`designs are able to focus two field points of light without
`interference, while completely ignoring all other field points
`within the field width. Because Mr. Juergens plotted only two
`field points of light favorable to Petitioner’s position, his results
`do not represent the effect of the lens design on the entire field
`width.”
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`(See, e.g., Paper No. 32 at 7). Patent Owner’s characterization of the calculations
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`found within these Exhibits overlooks Mr. Juergens’ testimony that, given more time,
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`he could repeat the same steps to optimize for the middle field point, as well as for
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`additional field points. (Ex. 2040, page 136, line 20 to page 137, line 20). Indeed,
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`characterizing the lens design with respect to aberration for these three such field
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`points is exactly how the lens designs disclosed by the ’575 Patent are optimized.
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`(See, e.g., Ex. 1001 at 4:24-25, 4:28-29; 4:39-46; 4:56-67; 25:36-47; 29:11-18; 37:15-
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`28; 39:28-40; 49:28-40; 51:58-52:7; 55:1-12; FIGS. 6, 8, 12, 13, 17, 18, and 19; Ex.
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`2040 at page 133, line 23 to page 134, line 15). Patent Owner references distortion
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`6
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`allegedly present in Mr. Juergens’ lens designs (Paper No. 32 at 7), while failing to
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`acknowledge the absence of minimum thresholds in Claim 1 of the ’575 Patent (Paper
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`No. 32, passim). Similarly, Claim 1 fails to set forth any minimum threshold for the
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`width of the image field or the number of field points necessary to define a claimed
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`image. Patent Owner cannot dispute that terms such as “image width,” “aberration,”
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`“distortion,” and “numerical aperture,” are not expressly present in Claim 1, or that
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`Claim 1 is silent as to “image quality.” This absence of limiting terms is consistent
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`with Mr. Juergens’ testimony that an image, while “blurry,” can still be an image.
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`(See, e.g., Ex. 2040 at page 97, line 16 to page 98, line 1 (“[an image] could have any
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`amount of wavefront error and still be an image. It can just be a very bad image or a
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`moderately bad image. It depends upon your quality.”)).
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`III.
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`
` ARGUMENT
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`The Federal Rules of Evidence (“FRE”) apply to the current proceedings. 37
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`C.F.R. § 42.62(a).
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`A.
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`Patent Owner’s Arguments Go to Weight, not Relevance
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`
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`Patent Owner concedes the wording of FRE 401: “Evidence is relevant if it has
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`any tendency to make a fact more or less probable than it would be without the
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`evidence.” FRE 401 also sweeps into its definition of “relevant evidence” facts that
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`are “of consequence in determining the action.” Each Challenged Exhibit results from
`7
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`an analysis by Petitioner’s expert, Mr. Richard C. Juergens, intended to show that one
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`of skill in the art could have used CODE V software in 2003 to modify the prior art
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`projection optical system of Terasawa (Ex. 1008) to arrive at the claimed invention.
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`In this way, each Challenged Exhibit falls within the ambit of FRE 401’s broad
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`definition of “relevance,” as each is of consequence in determining the validity of the
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`patent in suit, and the enablement of the prior art.
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`Patent Owner’s Motion sets forth several complaints regarding the Challenged
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`Exhibits, each of which pertains to credibility or weight, and none to relevance:
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` Mr. Juergens’ design experiments were not performed using the specific
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`version of Code V software available at the time of invention. (Paper
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`No. 32 at 3-4).
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` Mr. Juergens’ calculations represent the effect of the lens design on two
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`field points of light, and not on the entire field width. (Paper No. 32 at
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`7).
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`Although it strenuously contests both arguments on their merits, Petitioner
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`concedes that both pertain to the relative weight and credibility of the Challenged
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`Exhibits, and are points that the Board must consider in determining whether Claim 1
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`is obvious over Terasawa (Ex. 1008). However, neither argument warrants exclusion
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`of the Challenged Exhibits for reasons of relevance. Moreover, as recognized by the
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`Board, “issues related to credibility, the weight of the evidence, of the sufficiency of
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`8
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`evidence should not be raised in the form of a motion to exclude.” (Paper No. 23 at 3)
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`(emphasis added).
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`Patent Owner’s presentation of its Motion to Exclude as “Conditional” (Paper
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`No. 32 at 1) itself illustrates the relevance of the Challenged Exhibits. Patent Owner
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`states:
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`If Patent Owner’s Exhibits 2036-2039 remain in the evidentiary record
`for consideration of the merits of this trial, then Patent Owner will
`withdraw this motion because Exhibits 2036-2039 demonstrate that [the
`Challenged Exhibits] support Patent Owner’s contention that the prior
`art does not enable or render obvious the claimed invention.
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`(Paper No. 32 at 1) (emphasis added). Logic dictates that if the Challenged Exhibits
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`are probative of obviousness and enablement when compared to Patent Owner’s
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`competing Exhibits 2036-2039, calculations allegedly based on the Challenged
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`Exhibits (see Paper No. 32 at 7), then they will retain probative value when viewed
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`on their own. For at least these reasons, Patent Owner’s Conditional Motion to
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`Exclude should be denied in its entirety.
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`B.
`Federal Rule of Evidence 403 Has Limited Relevance to This
`Proceeding
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`Federal Rule of Evidence 403 excludes relevant evidence “if its probative value is
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`substantially outweighed by a danger of one or more of the following: unfair
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`prejudice, confusing the issues, misleading the jury, undue delay, wasting time, or
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`9
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`needlessly presenting cumulative evidence.” It is well-settled that the protections
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`afforded by FRE 403 are less critical in a bench trial context, as those presiding over a
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`jury trial. In United States v. Preston, for example, the Ninth Circuit recently held in
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`no uncertain terms that “Rule 403 is inapplicable to bench trials.” 706 F.3d 1106,
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`1117 (9th Cir. 2013) (citing Schultz v. Butcher, 24 F.3d 626, 632 (4th Cir. 1994). The
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`Schultz court, quoting the Fifth Circuit, noted:
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`Excluding relevant evidence in a bench trial because it is cumulative or a
`waste of time is clearly a proper exercise of the judge’s power, but
`excluding relevant evidence on the basis of “unfair” prejudice is a
`useless procedure. Rule 403 assumes a trial judge is able to discern and
`weigh the improper inferences, and then balance those improprieties
`against probative value and necessity. Certainly, in a bench trial, the
`same judge can also exclude those improper inferences from his mind in
`reaching a decision.
`24 F.3d at 632 (quoting Gulf States Utils. Co. v. Ecodyne Corp., 635 F.3d 517, 519
`
`(5th Cir. 1981)). Rule 403 is similarly inapposite in this proceeding. The Board has
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`recognized parallels between
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`those
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`tribunals presiding over
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`inter partes
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`reexaminations, and litigations decided in the absence of a jury. “Similar to a district
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`court in a bench trial, the Board, sitting as a non-jury tribunal with administrative
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`expertise, is well-positioned to determine and assign appropriate weight to evidence
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`presented. . . . Thus, in this inter partes review, the better course is to have a complete
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`record of the evidence to facilitate public access as well as appellate review.” Gnosis
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`10
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`S.p.A. v. Merck & CIE, IPR2013-00117, Paper No. 71 at 44 (PTAB June 20, 2014)
`
`(quoting Donnelly Garment Co. v. NLRB, 123 F.2d 214, 224 (8th Cir. 1941) (“One
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`who is capable of ruling accurately upon the admissibility of evidence is equally
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`capable of sifting it accurately after it has been received.”)).
`
`
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`Here, even if the Challenged Exhibits’ probative value was outweighed by
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`potential for confusion, prejudice, or wasted time (and Petitioner maintains that it is
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`not), the Board is well-equipped to weigh all presented information appropriately in
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`making a determination as to the validity of the claimed invention, and the enablement
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`of the prior art. For at least this reason, Patent Owner’s argument for exclusion under
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`FRE 403 should be disregarded.
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`C. Mr. Juergens’ Opinion is Probative as to the Relevant State of the
`Art at the Time of Invention
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`Patent Owner discards Mr. Juergens’ accounting of the steps one of skill in the
`
`art in 2003 would have “undertaken to modify the Terasawa reference with the
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`assistance of the optimization function in Synopsys Inc.’s CODE V software.”
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`(Paper No. 32 at 3). In doing so, Patent Owner cites assorted cases for the
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`proposition that “[e]vidence of what a person of ordinary skill in the art knew must
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`arise at the time of the filing date.” (Paper No. 32 at 3). As discussed infra, Patent
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`Owner’s cited authority supports, rather than precludes, Petitioner’s reliance on
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`Mr. Juergens’ opinion of the level of skill in the art in 2003, the time of the
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`11
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`purported invention. See Genentech, Inc. v. Trs. of the Univ. of Pa., 871 F. Supp.
`
`2d 963, 981 (N.D. Cal. 2010) (citing Ariad Pharms., Inc. v. Eli Lilly & Co., 598
`
`F.3d 1336, 1355-56 (Fed. Cir. 2010)).
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`Rather, it is well-settled that experts are permitted to opine on the relevant state
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`of the art at the time of filing. See Amazon.com, Inc. v. Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.,
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`239 F.3d 1343 (Fed. Cir. 2001); see also Kimberly–Clark Corp. v. Johnson &
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`Johnson, 745 F.2d 1437, 1453, 223 USPQ 603, 612–14
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`(Fed. Cir.
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`1984) (considering expert testimony regarding the origin and significance of the
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`hypothetical ordinarily skilled artisan in detail).
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`Mr. Juergens’ role as an expert is to surmise what was known, what was
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`available, and what was obvious to a person of ordinary skill at the time of filing of
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`the application for the invention purported in the ’575 Patent. See Siemens AG v.
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`Seagate Tech., 369 F. App'x 118, 119 (Fed. Cir. 2010). What Mr. Juergens
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`“knows now” is immaterial to the disputed issues; however, his role as a person
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`having had ordinary skill in the art in 2003 renders his opinion of what was
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`available in 2003 highly relevant to Petitioner’s legal position today. See
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`Genentech, 871 F. Supp. 2d at 981 (citing Ariad, 598 F.3d at 1355-56)).
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`Patent Owner argues that Mr. Juergens’ use of the 2013 version of CODE V to
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`show what optimization was available ten years prior was inappropriate, but
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`neglects that Mr. Juergens made precise, appropriate, and well-thought out
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`12
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`modifications to restrict the software’s functionality to that of a version available at
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`the time of patent application. Contrary to Patent Owner’s assertion from Abbott
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`Labs. v. Alra Labs., Inc., Case No. 92-5806, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16611, at *16
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`(N.D. Ill. Oct. 20, 1997), the testing conducted emulates a version that was known
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`at the time of patent application, and mirrors what was generally used in 2003.
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` Patent Owner makes a sweeping statement in its Motion to Exclude that “district
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`courts have declined to admit such ‘evidence,’” citing Lorraine v. Markel Am. Ins.
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`Co. (241 F.R.D. 534 at 560-562 (D. Md. 2007) (Paper No. 32 at 6). However,
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`Lorraine states that computer simulations are in fact admissible if authenticated by
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`a witness with personal knowledge that the computer is functioning properly, that
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`the input and underlying equations are complete and accurate, and that the program
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`is generally accepted by the appropriate community of scientists. 241 F.R.D. at
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`560. Importantly, this authentication is properly accomplished through use of an
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`expert witness. Id. (citing Fed R. Evid. 901(b)(3)); Comm. Union v. Boston Edison,
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`591 N.E.2d 165, 168 (Mass.1992).
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`13
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
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`IV.
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`CONCLUSION
`For the foregoing reasons, Zeiss respectfully requests that the Board deny the
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`Patent Owner’s Conditional Motion to Exclude in its entirety.
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`
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`Dated: July 14, 2014
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`Respectfully submitted,
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`/Christopher Bowley Reg. No. 55,016/
`Christopher Bowley
`Reg No. 55,016
`Customer Number 26171
`Fish & Richardson P.C.
`601 Lexington Avenue
`52nd Floor
`New York, NY 10022-4611
`Attorneys for Petitioner
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`14
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`Case IPR2013-00362
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
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`CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
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`Pursuant to 37 CFR §§ 42.6(e)(4) and 42.6(e)(4)(iii), the undersigned
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`certifies that on July 14, 2014, a complete and entire copy of this Petitioner’s
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`Opposition to Patent Owner’s Conditional Motion to Exclude Evidence was
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`provided via email to the Patent Owner by serving the correspondence email
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`address of record as follows:
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`John S. Kern
`Robert C. Mattson
`Oblon Spivak
`1940 Duke Street
`Alexandria, Virginia 22314
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`Email: CPdocketKern@oblon.com
`Email: CPdocketMattson@oblon.com
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`/Edward G. Faeth/
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`Edward G. Faeth
`Fish & Richardson P.C.
`60 South Sixth Street, Suite 3200
`Minneapolis, MN 55402
`(202) 626-6420
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`15
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