IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`In re Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`Filed:
`
`September 30, 2002
`
`Issued:
`
`February 10, 2009
`
`Inventors:
`
`Munger et al.
`
`For:
`
`ESTABLISHMENT OF A SECURE
`COMMUNICATION LINK BASED
`ON A DOMAIN NAME SERVICE
`(DNS) REQUEST
`
`)
`)
`) Group Art Unit: Central
`)
`Reexamination Unit
`)
`) Examiner:
`)
`) Confirmation No.:
`)
`)
`)
`)
`
`REQUEST FOR INTER PARTES REEXAMINATION
`UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 311
`
`ATTN: Mail Stop Inter Partes Reexam
`Central Reexamination Unit (CRU)
`Commissioner for Patents
`United States Patent & Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`Sir,
`
`Presented herewith is a request for inter partes reexamination of United States Patent No.
`7 ,490,151 (the '151 patent), entitled "Establishment of a Secure Communication Link Based on a
`Domain Name Service (DNS) Request." The inventors ofthe '151 patent are Edmund Colby
`Munger, Robert Dunham Short, Victor Larson and Michael Williamson. The present assignee of
`the '151 patent is VimetX Corporation, as recorded at Reel 018757, Frame 0326. A list of all
`exhibits submitted with this reexamination request is provided in the accompanying transmittal
`letter for this request for inter partes reexamination.
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 1 of 184
`
`VIRNETX EXHIBIT 2007-Part 1
`Apple v. Virnetx
`Case IPR2013-00354
`
`

`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I. COMPLIANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS FOR A REQUEST FOR INTER PARTES
`REEXAMINATION ............................................................................................................................................. 7
`A. THE '151 PATENT IS ELIGIBLE TO BE THE SUBJECT OF AN INTER PARTES REEXAMINATION ............................ 7
`B. CLAIMS OF THE' 151 PATENT FOR WHICH REEXAMINATION IS REQUESTED ..................................................... 7
`C. FEE FOR REEXAMINATION ............................................................................................................................... 7
`D. CITATION AND COPIES OF PATENTS AND PRINTED PUBLICATIONS THAT ESTABLISH A SUBSTANTIAL NEW
`QUESTION OF PATENTABILITY ......................................................................................................................... 7
`E. COPY OF THE PATENT FOR WHICH REEXAMfNA TION IS REQUESTED ............................................................... 7
`F. CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE BY REQUESTER ON THE PATENT OWNER ................................................................. 7
`G. REAL PARTY OF INTEREST OF THE REQUESTER ................................................................................................ 8
`H. CERTIFICATION THAT REQUESTER IS NOT ESTOPPED FROM REQUESTfNG REEXAMfNA TION ............................ 8
`
`II. STATEMENT IDENTIFYING EACH SUBSTANTIAL NEW QUESTION OF PATENTABILITY
`RAISED BY THE CITED PATENTS AND PRINTED PUBLICATIONS .................................................... 9
`A. EFFECTIVE FILING DATE OF CLAIMS 1-16 OF THE '151 PATENT ...................................................................... 9
`B. PRIOR ART STATUS OF CITED PATENTS AND PUBLICATIONS UPON WHICH REEXAMINATION IS REQUESTED. 9
`1. Exhibit X 1 - Aventail Connect v3.1/2.6 Administrator's Guide ("Aventail Connect v3.1 ") ................ 10
`2. Exhibit X2- Aventail Connect v3.01/2.51 Administrator's Guide ("Aventail Connect v3.01 ") .......... 10
`3. Exhibit X3- Aventail AutoSOCKS v2.1 Administration User's Guide ("Aventail AutoSOCKS") ..... ll
`4. Exhibit X4- Wang, Broadband Forum TR-025: Core Network Architecture Recommendations
`For Access to Legacy Data Networks over ADSL, Issue 1.0 (September 1999) ("Wang") .................. 11
`5. Exhibit X5- U.S. Patent No. 6,496,867 to Beser et al. ("Beser") ......................................................... 11
`6. Exhibit X6 -Kent, "Security Architecture for IP," RFC 2401 (November 1998) ("Kent") .................. 11
`7. Exhibit X7- BinGO! User's Guide incorporating by reference BinGO! Extended Feature
`Reference (collectively, "BinGO") ........................................................................................................ 12
`C. OTHER PRIOR ART PATENTS AND PRINTED PUBLICATIONS CITED TO DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE fN THE
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION ............................................................................................................................... 13
`1. Exhibit Y1- Aventail Extranet Server v3.0 Administrator's Guide ("Aventail Extranet Server
`v3.0") ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
`2. Exhibit Y2- Mockapetris, P., RFC 1034, "Domain Names- Concepts and Facilities," November
`1987 ("RFC1034") ................................................................................................................................. 13
`3. Exhibit Y3- Mockapetris, P., RFC I035, "Domain Names- Implementation And Specification,"
`November 1987 ("RFC I 03 5") ............................................................................................................... I3
`4. Exhibit Y 4- Fielding, R., et al, RFC 2068, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.I ,"January
`I997 ("RFC2068") ................................................................................................................................. 13
`5. Exhibit Y5- Leech, M., et al., RFC 1928, "Socks Protocol Version 5," March 1996 ("RFC1928") .... 14
`6. Exhibit Y6- Pall, G.S., RFC2118, "Microsoft Point-To-Point Encryption (MPPE) Protocol,"
`March 1997 ("RFC2II8") ..................................................................................................................... I4
`7. Exhibit Y7- Srisuresh, P., RFC2663, "IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and
`Considerations," August I999 ("RFC2663") ......................................................................................... 14
`8. Exhibit Y8- Woodburn, R.A., et al., RFC1241, "A Scheme for an Internet Encapsulation
`Protocol: Version 1," July 1991 ("RFC1241") ...................................................................................... 14
`9. Exhibit Y9- Simpson, W., RFC 1853, "IP in IP Tunneling," October 1995 ("RFC 1853") ................... 14
`10. Exhibit Y I 0- Hanks, S., et al., RFC I70 I, "Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)," October 1994
`("RFCI701") .......................................................................................................................................... 14
`II. Exhibit YII- Simpson, W., RFCI994 ''PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
`(CHAP)," August I996 ("RFC1994") ................................................................................................... I4
`
`2
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`

`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`12. Exhibit Y 12 ~ Perkins, D., RFC 1171, ''The Point-to-Point Protocol for the Transmission of Multi-
`Protocol Datagrams Over Point-to-Point Links," July 1990 ("RFC 1171 ") ........................................... 15
`D. SUBSTANTIAL NEW QUESTIONS OF PATENTABILITY ...................................................................................... 16
`I. Claims 1-16 are anticipated under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) by Aventail Connect v3.01.. ............................ 16
`2. Claims 1-16 are anticipated under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) by Aventail AutoSOCKS ................................. 16
`3. Claims 1-16 are anticipated under 35 U.S.C. § 102(a) by BinGO ......................................................... 17
`4. Claims 1-16 would have been rendered obvious under 35 U.S.C. § I 03 by Beser taken in view of
`Kent. ....................................................................................................................................................... 17
`5. Claims 1-5, 7-11, and 13-16 are anticipated under 35 U.S.C. § 102(a) by Wang .................................. l8
`6. Claims 6 and 12 would have been rendered obvious under 35 U.S.C. § 103 based on Wang in view
`ofBeser .................................................................................................................................................. 18
`
`III. PREVIOUS FINDINGS AND OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING TERMS IN CLAIMS 1-16 OF THE
`'151 PATENT ..................................................................................................................................................... 20
`
`IV. DETAILED EXPLANATION OF MANNER OF APPLYING AVENTAIL CONNECT V3.01 AND
`A VENT AIL AUTOSOCKS TO CLAIMS 1-16 AND PROPOSED REJECTIONS BASED ON SNQ NOS.
`1-2 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 21
`A. SNQNO. I: CLAIMS 1-16 ARE UNPATENTABLE UNDER 35 USC§ 102(B) AS BEING ANTICIPATED BY
`A VENT AIL CONNECT v3 .01 ........................................................................................................................... 21
`I. Claim I ........................................................................................................................................... 22
`2. Claim 2 ........................................................................................................................................... 27
`3. Claim 3 ........................................................................................................................................... 28
`4. Claim 4 ........................................................................................................................................... 29
`5. Claim 5 ........................................................................................................................................... 30
`6. Claim 6 ........................................................................................................................................... 31
`7. Claim 7 ........................................................................................................................................... 32
`8. Claim 8 ........................................................................................................................................... 37
`9. Claim 9 ........................................................................................................................................... 38
`10. Claim 10 ......................................................................................................................................... 40
`II. Claim II ......................................................................................................................................... 40
`12. Claim 12 ......................................................................................................................................... 41
`13. Claim 13 ......................................................................................................................................... 42
`14. Claim 14 ......................................................................................................................................... 47
`15. Claim 15 ......................................................................................................................................... 48
`16. Claim 16 ......................................................................................................................................... 49
`B. SNQ NO.2: CLAIMS 1-16 ARE UNPATENTABLE UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 102(B) AS BEING ANTICIPATED BY
`A VENT AIL AUTOSOCKS ....................................................................... ············· ........................................... 51
`l. Claim I ................................................................................................. ., ........................................ 52
`2. Claim 2 ........................................................................................................................................... 57
`3. Claim 3 .... , ...................................................................................................................................... 58
`4. Claim 4 ........................................................................................................................................... 60
`5. Claim 5 ........................................................................................................................................... 60
`6. Claim6 ........................................................................................................................................... 6l
`7. Claim 7 ........................................................................................................................................... 62
`8. Claim 8 ........................................................................................................................................... 67
`9. Claim 9 ........................................................................................................................................... 68
`10. Claim 10 ......................................................................................................................................... 71
`II. Claim ll ......................................................................................................................................... 71
`12. Claim 12 ......................................................................................................................................... 72
`13. Claim 13 ......................................................................................................................................... 72
`14. Claim 14 ......................................................................................................................................... 77
`15. Claim 15 ......................................................................................................................................... 78
`16. Claim 16 ......................................................................................................................................... 81
`
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`
`Request for Reexamination ofU.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`V. DETAILED EXPLANATION OF MANNER OF APPLYING BINGO TO CLAIMS 1-16 AND
`PROPOSED REJECTIONS BASED ON SNQ NO. 3 ................................................................................... 82
`A. SNQNO. 3: CLAIMS 1-16AREANTICIPATEDUNDER35 U.S.C. § 102(A)BYBING0 .................................... 82
`1. Claim 1 ................................................................................................................................................... 90
`2. Claim 2 ................................................................................................................................................... 95
`3. Claim3 ................................................................................................................................................... 96
`4. Claim 4 .............................................................................................................. : .................................... 97
`5. Claim 5 ................................................................................................................................................... 97
`6. Claim 6 ................................................................................................................................................... 98
`7. Claim 7 ................................................................................................................................................... 99
`8. Claim 8 ................................................................................................................................................. 105
`9. Claim 9 ................................................................................................................................................. 106
`10. Claim 10 ............................................................................................................................................... 107
`II. Claim 11 ............................................................................................................................................... I 07
`12. Claim 12 ............................................................................................................................................... 108
`13. Claim 13 ............................................................................................................................................... 109
`14. Claim 14 ............................................................................................................................................... 115
`15. Claim 15 ............................................................................................................................................... 116
`16. Claim 16 ............................................................................................................................................... 116
`
`VI. DETAILED EXPLANATION OF MANNER OF APPLYING BESER AND KENT TO CLAIMS 1-16
`AND PROPOSED REJECTIONS BASED ON SNQ NO. 4 ........................................................................ 118
`A. RELEVANT TEACHINGS OF THE PRIMARY REFERENCE (BESER) ................................................................... 118
`B. RELEVANT TEACHINGS OF THE SECONDARY REFERENCE (KENT- RFC 2401 ) ............................................ 122
`C. SNQNO. 4: CLAIMS 1-16 WOULD HAVE BEEN OBVIOUS UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 103 BASED ON BESER IN VIEW
`OF KENT ....................................................................................................................................................... l27
`I. Claim 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 127
`2. Claim 2 ................................................................................................................................................. 131
`3. Claim 3 ................................................................................................................................................. 134
`4. Claim 4 ................................................................................................................................................. 134
`5. Claim 5 ................................................................................................................................................. 135
`6. Claim 6 ................................................................................................................................................. 135
`7. Claim 7 ................................................................................................................................................. 135
`8. Claim 8 ................................................................................................................................................. 139
`9. Claim 9 ................................................................................................................................................. 142
`10. Claim 10 ............................................................................................................................................... 142
`II. Claim 11 ............................................................................................................................................... 142
`12. Claim 12 ............................................................................................................................................... 143
`13. Claim 13 ............................................................................................................................................... 143
`14. Claim 14 ............................................................................................................................................... 147
`15. Claim 15 ............................................................................................................................................... 150
`16. Claim 16 ............................................................................................................................................... 150
`
`VII.DETAILED EXPLANATION OF MANNER OF APPLYING WANG TO CLAIMS 1-16 AND
`PROPOSED REJECTIONS BASED ON SNQ NOS. 5-6 ............................................................................. 151
`A. SNQNo. 5: CLAIMS l-5, 7-ll, 13-16 ARE ANTICIPATED UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 102(A) BY WANG ................. 151
`I. Claim 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 152
`2. Claim 2 ................................................................................................................................................. !57
`3. Claim 3 ................................................................................................................................................. !59
`
`4
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`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`4. Claim 4 ................................................................................................................................................. 161
`5. Claim 5 ................................................................................................................................................. 161
`6. Claim 7 ................................................................................................................................................. 162
`7. Claim 8 ................................................................................................................................................. 168
`8. Claim 9 ................................................................................................................................................. 170
`9. Claim 10 ............................................................................................................................................... 172
`10. Claim 11 ............................................................................................................................................... 172
`11. Claim 13 ............................................................................................................................................... 173
`12. Claim 14 ............................................................................................................................................... 179
`13. Claim 15 ............................................................................................................................................... 181
`14. Claim 16 ............................................................................................................................................... 183
`8. SNQ NO.6: CLAIMS 6 AND 12 WOULD HAVE BEEN RENDERED OBVIOUS UNDER 35 U.S.C. § I 03 BASED ON
`WANG IN VIEW OF 8ESI::R ............................................................................................................................. 183
`I. Relevant Teachings of the Primary and Secondary References ........................................................... 183
`2. SNQ No. 14: Claims 6 and 12 would have been rendered obvious under 35 U.S.C. § 103 based on
`Wang in view ofBeser ......................................................................................................................... 183
`
`VIII. CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 184
`
`5
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`Page 5 of 184
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`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`A
`B
`C1
`C2
`C3
`C4
`C5
`D
`E1
`E2
`E3
`X1
`X2
`X3
`X4
`
`X5
`X6
`X7
`
`Y1
`Y2
`
`Y3
`
`Y4
`
`Y5
`Y6
`
`Y7
`
`Y8
`
`Y9
`Y10
`
`Yll
`
`Y12
`
`Exhibit List
`
`U.S. Patent 7,490,151
`Certificate of Service
`Claim Chart- Aventail Connect v3.01
`Claim Chart - A ventail AutoSOCKS
`Claim Chart - BinGO
`Claim Chart - Beser and Kent
`Claim Chart - Wang and Beser
`Memorandum Opinion in VirnetX v. Microsoft, 6:07cv80 (EDTX)
`Declaration of Christopher Hopen
`Declaration of Michael Fratto
`Declaration of James Chester
`Aventail Connect v3.1/2.6 Administrator's Guide
`Aventail Connect v3.01/2.51 Administrator's Guide
`Aventail AutoSOCKS v2.1 Administrator's Guide
`Wang, Broadband Forum TR-025: Core Network Architecture Recommendations
`for Access to Legacy Data Networks over ADSL, Issue 1.0 (September 1999)
`U.S. Patent 6,496,867
`Kent, "Security Architecture for IP," RFC 2401 (November 1998)
`BinGO! User's Guide incorporating by reference BinGO! Extended Feature
`Reference
`Aventail Extranet Server v3.0 Administrator's Guide
`Mockapetris, P., RFC 1034, "Domain Names- Concepts and Facilities"
`(November 1987)
`Mockapetris, P., RFC 1035, "Domain Names- Implementation and Specification"
`(November 1987)
`Fielding, R., et al., RFC 2068, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol- HTTP/1.1" (January
`1997)
`Leech, M., et al., RFC 1928, "Socks Protocol Version 5" (March 1996)
`Pall, G.S., RFC2118, "Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) Protocol"
`(March 1997)
`Srisuresh, P., RFC2663, "IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and
`Considerations" (August 1999)
`Woodburn, R.A., et al., RFC1241, "A Scheme for an Internet Encapsulation
`Protocol: Version 1" (July 1991)
`Simpson, W., RFC1853, "IP in IP Tunneling" (October 1995)
`Hanks, S., et al., RFC1701, "Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)" (October
`1994)
`Simpson, W., RFC1994, "PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
`(CHAP)" (Al!g_ust 1996)
`Perkins, D., RFC 1171, "The Point-to-Point Protocol for the Transmission of
`Multi-Protocol Datagrams Over Point-to-Point Links" (July 19990)
`
`6
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`Page 6 of 184
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`

`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`I.
`
`COMPLIANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS FOR A REQUEST FOR INTER PARTES
`REEXAMINATION
`
`A.
`
`The '151 Patent is Eligible to be the Subject of an Inter Partes
`Reexamination
`
`The '151 patent issued on February 10,2009 from U.S. Application No. 10/259,494,
`which was filed on September 30, 2002. The '151 patent, thus, was issued from an original
`application filed on or after November 29, 1999, in compliance with 37 C.F.R. § 1.913. This
`request is being made during the period of enforceability of the '151 patent.
`
`B.
`
`Claims of the '151 Patent for which Reexamination is Requested
`
`Pursuant to 3 7 CFR 1. 915(b )( 1 ), the claims of the '151 patent for which reexamination is
`requested are claims 1 to 16 of the '151 patent.
`
`C.
`
`Fee for Reexamination
`
`The Director is authorized to charge the fee specified in 37 C.F.R. § 1.20(c)(2) to Deposit
`Account No. 18-1260.
`
`D.
`
`Citation and Copies of Patents and Printed Publications that Establish a
`Substantial New Question of Patentability
`
`Pursuant to 3 7 CFR 1. 915(b )(2), a citation of the patents and printed publications
`presented to establish a substantial new question of patentability in this reexamination are listed
`on the accompanying form PTO/SB/42. Pursuant to 37 CFR 1.915(b)(4), a complete copy of
`each patent and printed publication cited on the PTO Form SB/42 is also provided herewith.
`
`E.
`
`Copy of the Patent For Which Reexamination is Requested
`
`In compliance with 37 C.F.R. § 1.915(b)(4) and (5), a complete copy ofthe '151 patent is
`provided as Exhibit A.
`
`F.
`
`Certificate of Service by Requester on the Patent Owner
`
`Exhibit B is a copy of the certificate of service used to effect service of the entirety of this
`request for reexamination on the owner of the '151 patent. Service on the patent owner has been
`effected at the address specified for that patent owner under 37 CFR 1.33(c); namely:
`
`VirnetX Inc.
`c/o McDermott Will & Emery
`
`600 131h Street, N.W.
`Washington, D.C. 20005-3096
`
`7
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`Page 7 of 184
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`

`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`G.
`
`Real Party of Interest of the Requester
`
`The real party of interest of the Requester of this request for inter partes reexamination is
`Apple Inc. ("Apple"), located at 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, CA 95014.
`
`H.
`
`Certification that Requester is Not Estopped from Requesting
`Reexamination
`
`Requester hereby certifies that the estoppel provisions of§ 1.907 do not prohibit inter
`partes reexamination of the '151 patent based upon this request for the following reasons:
`
`(i)
`
`(ii)
`
`(iii)
`
`This request complies with 37 CFR 1.907(a), as the real party of interest
`of the Requestor, Apple, has not previously requested reexamination of the
`' 151 patent.
`
`This request complies with 37 CFR 1.907(b) as there has been no final
`decision entered against Apple, or against a party in privity with Apple, in
`a civil action arising in whole or in part under 28 U.S.C. § 1338 involving
`any claim of the '151 patent.
`
`This request complies with 37 CFR 1.907(c), as there has been no prior
`reexamination proceeding involving the '151 patent which was
`commenced in response to a request for inter partes reexamination filed by
`Apple, or by an entity in privity with Apple.
`
`(iv)
`
`Requester certifies that Apple is not in privity with and has no commercial
`relationship to the owner of the '151 patent, VimetX, Inc.
`
`8
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`Page 8 of 184
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`

`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`II.
`
`STATEMENT IDENTIFYING EACH SUBSTANTIAL NEW QUESTION OF PATENTABILITY
`RAISED BY THE CITED PATENTS AND PRINTED PUBLICATIONS
`
`A.
`
`Effective Filing Date of Claims 1-16 of the '151 Patent
`
`The '151 patent issued from U.S. Application No. 10/259,494, filed September 30, 2002.
`The '494 application is a division of U.S. Application No. 09/504,783, filed on February 15,
`2000, now U.S. Patent No. 6,502,135, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Application No.
`09/429,653, filed on October 29, 1999, now U.S. Patent No. 7,010,604. The '494, '783 and '653
`applications each claim priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to Provisional Application Nos.
`60/106,261, filed October 30, 1998 and 601137,704, filed June 7, 1998.
`
`Claims 1, 7 and 13 of the '151 patent are independent claims. Claims 2-6 depend from
`claim 1, claims 8-12 depend from claim 7, and claims 14-16 depend from claim 13.
`Consequently, claims 2-6, 8-12, and 14-16 cannot enjoy an effective filing date earlier than that
`of claims 1, 7 and 13, respectively, from which they depend.
`
`Claims 1, 7 and 13 of the '151 patent rely on information found only in the disclosures of
`the '494 or '783 applications, and not found in any prior application to which the '151 patent
`claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 120 or priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e). For example, claim 1
`of the '151 patent specifies "determining whether the intercepted DNS request [i.e., Domain
`Name Service] corresponds to a secure server" and subsequent steps involving the DNS request.
`Similarly, claim 7 contains limitations based on to DNS requests (e.g., "intercepting a DNS
`request sent by a client ... "),as does claim 13 (e.g., "determining whether the intercepted DNS
`request corresponds to a secure server ... ").
`
`For these limitations, the claims of the '151 patent must rely on a description found only
`in the '494 or '783 applications. Indeed, only those applications even mention the phrase
`"domain name service." Because none of the '653, '261 application or '704 applications
`disclose or suggest use in any manner of DNS requests or proxy servers, these earlier filed
`applications to which the '151 patent claims benefit or priority therefore do not describe or
`enable the subject matter defined by at least claims 1, 7 and 13 of the '151 patent.
`
`Accordingly, the effective filing date for claims 1-16 of the '151 patent is no earlier than
`the filing date of the '783 application, February 15, 2000.
`
`B.
`
`Prior Art Status of Cited Patents and Publications Upon Which
`Reexamination is Requested
`
`Several substantial new questions of patentability concerning the claims of the '151
`patent are raised by patents and printed publications. The effective date ofthese publications is
`as follows:
`
`9
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`
`Request for Reexamination of U.S. Patent No. 7,490,151
`
`1.
`
`Exhibit Xl- Aventail Connect v3.1!2.6 Administrator's Guide
`("A ventail Connect v3.1 ")
`
`A ventail Connect v3 .1 is a printed publication that was publicly distributed no later than
`August 9, 1999