Webster's II
`New College Dictionary
`
`
`
`THIRD EDITION
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`~‘:
`N
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`Houghton Mifflin
`Boston - New York
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`YRD-2004
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`Vifords are included in this Dictionary on the basis of their usage. \‘(/ords that are
`known to have current trademark registrations are shown with an initial capital
`and are also identified as trademarks. No investigation has been made of common-
`law trademark rights in any word, because such investigation is impracticable.
`The inclusion of any word in this Dictionary is not, however, an expression of the
`Publisher’s opinion as to whether or not it is subject to proprietary rights. Indeed,
`no definition in this Dictionary is to be regarded as affecting the validity of any
`trademark.
`
`Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
`
`No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
`means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any
`information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of
`Houghton Mifflin Company unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal
`copyright law. Address inquiries to Reference Permissions, Houghton Mifflin
`Company, 222 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116.
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`Visit our website: vvww.houghtonmifflinbooks.com
`
`ISBN-13: 978-0-618-39601-6
`ISBN-10: 0-618-39601-2
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging—in—Publication Data
`
`Webster’s II new college dictionary. —— 3rd ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-618-39601-2
`
`\Vebster’s two new
`I. Title:
`1. English language——Dictionaries.
`college dictionary.
`II. Title: Webster’s 2 new college dictionary.
`PE1628.\X/55164 2005
`423--dc22
`
`2003057079
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
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`
`,.
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`Illustration credits: Academy Artworks; Alan \Y/itschonke; Carlyn Iverson; .
`Cecile Duray—Bito; Chris Costello; Elizabeth Morales; Gail Piazza; Jerry Malone;
`Laurel Cook Lhowe; Library of Congress; Mapping Specialists, Ltd.;
`Office of Information, Dept. of the Navy, Washington, DC; Precision Graphics;
`Tech—Graphics
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`848
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`349
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`photogrammetry I phototypography
`
`1.
`fo’tt3-bi-ot’il<) adj. Biol. Needing light for continued
`6-sel’) 11. A photoelectric cell.
`try (fo’to-kén1’i-stré) ii. The chemistry of the m[
`iant energy and chemical systems. —pho’to.¢hem$i'
`o-chem'i-cal-Iy adzi.
`"
`1
`la-tion (fo’to—ko-ag’ya-la’shai1) 11. Surgical C03
`gu ai
`sing intense light energy, as a laser beam.
`3 lféfté-l<sm~poz’ ) zit. —posed, -pos-ing, -pos-es To
`pt) for printing by photocomposition. —pho’m.(irn:;
`-
`.
`.
`.
`_
`i
`It-
`;i-tion (fo’t6-koni’pa-zish’an) 11. Preparation of wr-
`r printing by the pI'O]€Ctl0I'1 of images of type char.
`5
`itosensitive film or paper, from which printing plate
`‘tiv-i-ty (fo’to-kon’di'rk-tiv’i-te 11. Electri
`iffected by illumination. —[iho’lo-can-Cdaiicciioiiiguci
`icltive adj.
`ll‘
`(f6_’t9-k6p’é-ar) 11. A machine for making phm0_
`uctions of printed or graphic material.
`L
`’ts-l<E>p’e) L’f. -top-ied, -top-y-ing, -cop-ies To ,e r
`WW5?) 17)’ a photographic process such as xeroigrzi
`op-ies A photographic reproduction.
`‘
`f6’té-l<ur’9nt) 11. An electric current produced by 3|.
`photoelectric material.
`o-si-tion [ft'J’t6-dé-k6m’pa-zish’9n) 11. Photolysig
`1-Ne (f6’to~di-gra’d9-bol) adj. Capable of bejn
`g
`:en down by light.
`gra-lion (fo’t6—dis-in’ti-gra ’sh9n) 11. Nuclear digin.
`ansformation resulting from absorption of high.
`1, as of gamma rays.
`3/ta-dra’ma, -dram’a) 12. A phoroplay-_
`fie (f6’t6-do"o’pli-kit’, —dyoTo’-) Vt. -cat.ed, .¢aj_ing
`Copy. —pho’to-du'pli-rate (-kit) 11. ——phoi|o.duipjj_'
`
`(fo’t6-di-nam’ik) adj. Producing or intensifying 3
`) light in organisms.
`f6’t6-I-lékltrik) also pho-to-e-let-tri-cal (—tri-kal) adj
`the electric effects caused by light. —pho’to.e.|E(ih.i,
`
`‘1. An electronic device having an electrical output
`sponse to light.
`
`
`
`_
`
`_
`
`.
`
`I
`‘.
`W
`
`photoeleclrii: cell
`A. electrode, B. glass
`window, C. metal case,
`D. photoconductive
`material, E. ceramic
`substrate, F. base pin
`
`11z._l-Iiection of electrons from a substance by inci-
`ietic radiation, esp. by visible light.
`(fo’to-i-lek’tr('>n’) 11. An electron released from a
`photoelectric effect.
`(f<')’t6—i-mish’an) 11. Emission of photoelectrons,
`c surfaces.
`3’to-Eri-gray’ ) iit. -graved, -grav-ing, —graves To repro-
`itter) by photocngraving. —pho’lo-en-grav’er I1.
`;(fo’t<')-eii-gra/ving) 11. I. The process of reproduc-
`rial by photomechanical transference of the image
`:hed relief for printing. 2. A plate prepared by pho-
`pI:ln[ made by photoengraving.
`op-es’a’) II. A series of photographs that conveys a
`ring along with text. ——pho'lo-es’say-ist 11.
`linish in a race in which the contestants are so close
`winner must be determined from a photograph
`h line. 2. I11/01111.11. An extremely close competi-
`-ll-ash’) 11. A flashbulb.
`-flud’) 11. A reusable electric floodlight giving btiglii
`used for photographic illumination.
`“ lfO’ta—fl0'or’9-gram’) 11. A photograph made by
`iy.
`iPl1Y(fo’to-flo'o-rog’r:;-fé) 11. Med. Photography Oi
`'.€S- —Pho’to-flua’ro-graphlit (-flo“or’a—gr;'zf'il<) Jill-
`otess (fo’to-jél’a—tin) 11. Collotype.
`jén’) 11. Plzysiol. Ari afterimage.
`”lC"'ll<l fldfl I. Pleasing as a subject for photogr3'
`c face> 2. Biol. Producing or emitting light : PHO5'
`Iaused or produced by light. ——pIio’to-genli-tal-ll
`
`grim’) 11. I. An indistinct image obtained by PW‘
`ontact \vith film or photosensitive paper and BK‘
`
`P
`
`osing it to light. 2. A photograph.
`o,m.gram-me-try (tEi’t9-gram’i-tré) 11. I. The art or process of us-
`ing esp. aerialphotography to produce accurate maps or charts. 2.
`T1,: science of making precise measurements by the use of photog-
`mphy, ———pho’to-gramometlric (—gr;>-inetlrik) adj. —pho’to-gram’me-
`'5t11.
`)$.(o.graph (f6’ta-grif’) 11. An image, esp. a positive print, recorded
`by 3 camera and reproduced on a photosensitive surface. —ii.
`_g,aPhgd, -graph-ing, -graphs —Lil. To take a photograph of. —iii. I. To
`mctice photography. 2. To be the subject for photographs <1 never
`[,0rogr.1pl1 _well.> —pho-tog'ra-pher 11.
`pho-to-graph-ic (fo’t;>_—gr;'1f’ik) also pho-to-graph-i-cal (-i-kal) adj. I. Of,
`relating to, or consisting of photography or a photograph. 2. Used
`in photography <a pl1otograpI.1ie plate> 3. Like a photograph, esp.
`in accuracy of representation <a portrait painted in p/ootograplzic
`detail> 4. Capable of retaining accurate or vivid impressions <a pho-
`jggrtiplzic memory> ——pho’to-graphli-(al-ly adu.
`Phodog-ra-phy (fa-tog’r9-fé) 11. I. The process or technique of render-
`mg optical images on photosensitive surfaces. 2. The art, practice,
`gr occupation of taking and printing photographs. 3. A body of pho-
`iogmPl“-
`._
`_
`.
`.
`pj,o.io-gra-vure (to’ts-gra-vyoor’) 11. The art or process of printing
`fmm an intaglio plate, etched according to a photographic image.
`Pho.tg.he-Ii-o-graph (fé’t6-lié’lé-a-graf’) 11. A telescope designed or
`modified for solar photography.
`pho-to-jour-nal-ism (f6’to-jf1r'na-liz’am) 11. journalism making pri-
`maty use of photographs in presenting news or features. —pho’to-
`jourlna|~isti1. —pho’Io-iour’na|-isllic adj.
`|,|.o.io-ki-ne-sis (fo’t6-ka-né/sis, -ki-) 11. Biol. Movement in response
`mug]-it_.—pho’1o-ki-t1et'ic(-nét’ik)adj.
`_
`Phg.|o.li|h-0-graph (fo’t6-lith’a-graf’) l‘l‘. -graphed, -graph-mg, -graphs
`To reproduce (an image) by means of photolithography. —pho’to-
`|jfl1’o-graph’ 71. ~—pho’to-Ii-thog'ra-pher (f6’to-li—tli6g’rs-fer) 11.
`pho-to-li-thog-ra-phy (f6’t6-li-tli6g’r9-fé) 11. A planographic print-
`ing process using plates made according to a photographic image.
`——pho'to-|ith’o-graphlic (-lirh’9-grIif’ik) adj.
`pho-iol-y-sis (ff)-tc'1l’i-sis) 11. Chemical decomposition induced by ra-
`diant energy, esp. light. —pho’to-|yt’ic ito’ts-lit'il<) adj. —pho’to-
`|yI’i-cal-ly adii.
`plio-to-map (fo’ta-map’) 11. A map produced by superimposing ori-
`enting data, as a grid, on an aerial photograph. ~11. -mapped, -map-
`ping, -maps -—iir. To make a photomap of. —w'. To make a pho-
`tomap.
`pho-to-me-than-i-cal (f6’to—rni-kanli-kal) adj. Of, relating to, or des-
`ignating any of various methods by which plates are prepared for
`printing by means of photography. —pho’to-me-chanli-cal-Iy adv.
`phu-tom-e-ter (fo-ton1’i-tar) 11. An instrument for measuring a prop-
`erty of light, esp. luminous intensity or flux.
`pho-tom-e-try (fo-tt')n1’i-tré) 11. Measurement of the properties of
`light, esp. of luminous intensity. —pho’lo-met’ric (fo’t9-metlrik),
`pho’to-metlri-cal adj. —pho-tom'e-trist ll.
`plio-to-mi-cro-graph (f6’t6-niilkra-graf’) 71. A photograph made us-
`ing a photomicroscope. —ut. -graphed, -graph-ing, -graphs To photo-
`graph (a magnified image) by means of a photomicroscope.
`—pl1o’lo-mi-(r0g'l’a-pher(-mi-kr6g’ro-far)11.—ph0’to-mi’(I'0-graph'i(
`adj. —pho’to-mi-crog'ra-phy 11.
`- plio-to-mi-cm-scope (f6’t6-ini’kr9-skc'ip’) 11. An instrument for mak-
`ing photomicrographs. —pho’to-mi’cro-scoplic (-sl<6p’ik) adj.
`pho-to-mon-tage (f6’t6-mon-tazh’, -mon-) 11. I. The art or technique
`of making a picture by assembling photographic images, often in
`combination with other types of graphic material. 2. A composite
`picture made by photomontage.
`pho-to-mul-ti-pli-er (fo’t6-mul’t9-pli’ar) 11. An electronic sensing de-
`vice that is used for detecting electromagnetic energy of a wide range
`of frequencies and intensity levels.
`Pl")-Ion (fo’tén’) 11.
`I. The quantum of electromagnetic energy, re-
`garded as a discrete particle having zero mass, no electric charge,
`and an indefinitely long lifetime. 2. A unit of retinal illumination,
`equal to the amount of light that reaches the retina through 1 square
`millimeter of pupil area from a surface having a brightness of 1 can-
`dela per square meter. —pho-t0n’ii: adj.
`Pllo-ton-its (fo-t<">n’iks) 11. (sing. in 1iiri11l)er). The study or applica-
`Hon of electromagnetic energy whose basic unit is the photon. in-
`fitirporating optics,
`laser
`technology. materials science, and
`information storage.
`Pljfl-to-nu-cle-ar (f6’t6-no‘o’l<lé-er, -ny0—o’-) adj. P/zysics. Designat-
`mg 3 nuclear reaction induced by photons.
`Pho-to-off-set (fo’t6-of’set’, —6f’-) 11. Offset printing.
`Ph°l° opportunity 11. A brief period reserved for the press to photo-
`glaph the participants in a newswortliy event.
`Ph°'l0-pe-ri-od (fo’to-pir’e-ad) 11. The length of an organism’s daily
`‘"-’,‘P0Sure of an organism to light, considered esp. as to the effect on
`a j.
`l:;:’l‘:1giCa1 processes. —pho’to-pe’ri-od’it (-t3d'ik), pho’to-pe’ri-od’i-
`,
`H
`. V
`_
`a pat
`fir care
`5 pay
`father
`at car Epet
`oi boy
`ou out oo took
`oor lure
`oo boot
`
`,
`E be
`th thin
`
`pho-to-pe-ri-od-ism ifo’t<3—pir’e-9-diz’sni) also pho-to-pe-ri-o-dic-i-ty
`(-dis’i-te) 11., pl. -isms also -i-ties. The response of an organism to
`changes in its photoperiod, esp. as indicated by viral processes.
`pho-toph-i-lous (f6-16f’;-lss) also pho-to-phil-it (fc‘i’ta-fillik) adj. Biol.
`Growing or functioning optimally when exposed to full or pro-
`longed light. —pho-tophli-Iy 11.
`pho-to-pho-bi-a (fo’ta-folbé-3) 11. Abnormal intolerance of light.
`—pho’to-pholbic (-f6'bik) adj.
`pho-to-phore (f6’ta-for’) 11. A light-producing organ found esp. initia-
`rine fishes that emits light from specialized structures or derives light
`from luminescent bacteria.
`pho-to-phos-phor-y-la-Iion (fo’t6-fos’for-3-la’shen, -far-) 11. Phosphor-
`ylation induced by radiant energy in photosynthesis.
`pho-to-pi-a (f6-t6’pé-9) 11. Adaptation of the eyes to light : daylight
`\'ision. —plIO-t0’|)it (-t6’pil<, -tr3p’il<) adj.
`pho-to-play (fo’ts-pla’) 11. A drama filmed or adapted for filming as
`a movie.
`pho-to-re-al-ism (f6’t(>-re’;-liz’;>ni) 11. A painting style resembling
`photography in close attention to detail. ——pho’to-re’a|~isl 11.
`pho-to-re-cep-tion (fE)’to-ri-seplshari) 11. The detection or perception
`of visible light : VISION. —pIio’to-re-cepltive adj.
`pho-to-re-cep-tor (f6’to-ri-sép’tar) 11. A photoreceptive nerve.
`pho-to-re-con-nais-sance (f6’t<3-ri-kon’a-sons, -zans) 11. Photographic
`aerial reconnaissance, esp. of military targets.
`pho-to-re-frat-tive (f6’t('i-ri-frak’tiv) adj. Of or relating to a material
`that undergoes a change in refractive index when subjected to light
`or an electric field.
`pho-lo-res-pi-ra-tion (f()’té-rés’p3-rfi’sl19i1) 11. Oxidation ofcarbohy-
`drates in plants accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide dur-
`ing photosynthesis.
`pho-to-sen-si-live (fo’to-sén’si-tiv) adj. I. Sensitive or responsive to
`light or other radiant energy <a p/zotosmzsititie emulsion> <a pho-
`toserisitive organism> 2. Med. Abnormally sensitive or reactive to
`light. —pho’lo-sen’si-tivli-ty 11.
`pho-to-sen-si-ti-za-tion (fo’to-sén’si-ti-7.5’shan) 11. I. The act or proc-
`ess of photosensitizing something. 2. Med. A condition of hypersen-
`sitivity, esp. of the skin to sunlight or ultraviolet radiation, caused
`by certain disorders or by ingestion of endocrine products, small
`amounts of heavy metals, or fluorescent dyes and characterized by
`dermatitis and swelling of the skin.
`pho-to-sen-si-tize (f<3’to-sén'si-tiz’) Llt. -tized, -tiz-ing, -tiz-es To make
`(a substance or organism) sensitive to light.
`pho-to-set (f(3’to-set’) iit.
`-set, -set-ling, -sets To photocompose.
`—pho'to-set’ler ii.
`pho-to-sphere (fo’to-sfir’) 11. The surface of a star, esp. of the sun.
`—pho’to-spher'ic (-sfir’il<, -sfer’ik) adj.
`Pho-to-stat (fo’ta-stat’) A trademark for a device used to make nega-
`tive or positive copies of graphic matter.
`pho-to-syn-the-sis (f6’t6-sin’thi-sis)
`11. The process by which
`chlorophyll-containing cells in green plants convert incident light to
`chemical energy and synthesize organic compounds from inorganic
`compounds, esp. carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, ac-
`companied by the simultaneous release of oxygen. —pho’lo-syn-
`thet’ic (-sin-thet’il<) adj. —pho’to-syn-thetli-cal-ly adii.
`pho-to-syn-the-size (fo’t6-sirilrlii-siz’) ii. -sized, -siz-ing, -siz-es —L't. To
`synthesize (organic compounds) by the process of photosynthesis.
`~—Lii. To perform the process of photosynthesis.
`pho-to-tax-is (fo’to—tal;’sis) also pho-to-tax-y (fo’t6-tal<’sé) 1:. Biol.
`Movement of an organism in response to a source of light. —pho’to-
`tac'tic (-tékltik) adj.
`pho-to-tel-e-graph (f6’to-rel’;-grit’) Ul. -graphed, -graph-ing, -graphs To
`transmit (images or printed matter) by facsimile. ——pho’to-tel’e-
`graph'ic, pho’to-tel’e-graph'i-cal adj. —pho’to-!el’e-graph’i-cal-ly adv.
`—plio’to-te-leglra-phy (-rs-lEg’ra—té) 11.
`pho-to-ther-a-pen-tics (f6’to-thér’a-pyLii’tiks) 11. (siizg. orpl. in 1111111-
`ber). Phototherapy.
`pho-to-ther-a-py (f6’to-thér’o-pé) 11. Treatment of disease, esp. cer-
`tain skin conditions, with light, including ultraviolet and infrared ra-
`diation.
`pho-tot-u-nus (lo-tot’;-nns) 12. Biol. Pl‘i0tOScnSltl\i[)'. ~—pho’to-ton'ic
`(f6’t9-tEin’ik) adj.
`pho-to-tran-sis-tor (f()’t(3—tran-zis’tar, -sis’-) 12. A transistor having
`highly photosensitive electrical characteristics.
`food.) An organ-
`pho-to-troph (f6'ts-trot’) 12. [PIl0TO- + Gl<.t1'0]Il.1€,
`ism that obtains metabolic energy through photosynthesis.
`pho-tot-to-pism (f6-t6t’ra-piz’am, fo’t6—tré'-) also pho-tot-ro-py (-pé)
`11. Growth or movement in response to a source of light. —pho’l0-
`tro'pic (f(3’ta-tr6’pil<, -tr6p'il<) adj. —~pho’to-tro'pi-cal-ly adii.
`pho-to-lube (fo’to-to“ob’, -t)'O_Ob') 11. An electron tube equipped with
`a photosensitive cathode.
`pho-to-type-set-{er (fo’t()-tip’sEt’ar) 11. A machine used in photocom-
`position.
`pho-to-type-set-ting (fo’to-tip’set’ing) /1. Photocomposition.
`phu-to-ty-pog-ra-phy (f6’to-ti-p6g’r9-fé) 11. Photomechanical print-
`ing that resembles metal typography. —pho’!o-ty-pog’ra-pher 11.
`,
`,
`,
`._
`.
`i bite
`ir pier
`6 toe
`on paw or core
`I pit
`<3 pot
`II; this
`u cut
`ur urge
`zh vision
`9 about, item
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