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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 1
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 1
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 2
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 2
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`

`

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`SEARCH NOTES
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 3
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`

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`INDEX OF CLAIMS
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 4
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`

`

`5‘
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`PATENT APPLICATION SERIAL NO.
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`@9/950501
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`US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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`PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`FEE RECORD SHEET
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`0713112001 mm 00000055 09809655
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`01 F0955!
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 5
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 5
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`

`

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`Page 1 of 1
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`
`
`
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`COMMISSIONER FOR PATENTS
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`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`
`
`WISHING-run, D C. 2023I
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`
`
`www.uspto.gov
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`IISIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIlIlIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
`15b Data Sheet
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`CONFIRMATION N0. 7420
`
`
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`FILING DATE
`
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`03/152002
`
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`RULE
`
`
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`SERIAL NUMBER
`8
`6 6
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`09/ 89, 5
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`‘ PPLICANTS
`
`Steven K. Orr, Cincinnati, OH;
`
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`GROUP ART UNIT
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`ATTORNEY
`DOCKET NO.
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`ESC-21US
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`* CONTINUING DATA W******VH£***Iflfi**l****l**
`
`THIS APPLICATION IS A 371 OF PCT/USOO/16410 06/14/2000
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`WHICH CLAIMS BENEFIT OF 60/139,097 06/14/1999
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`AND CLAIMS BENEFIT OF 60/145,394 07/23/1999
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`1! FOREIGN APPLICATIONS *ikifiifliiiifiifitikfii'k
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`441 Vine Street
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`Cincinnati ,OH 45202-2917
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 6
`
`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 6
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`

`

`LE. :
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`(12) MERE _. 101.53,
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`PPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATL.
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`COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
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`International Bureau
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`
`
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`llllJllJlIllllllllllIllilllllIlllllllllllllllllllillllllllllIll
`
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`
`
`(10) International Publication Number
`(43) International Publication Date
`
`
`
`
`
`
`PCT
`W0 00177539 A1
`21 December 2000 (21.12.2000)
`
`
`
`
`
`(51) International Patent Claseification": G015 7/40. 13/06
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`
`
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`
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`(21) International Application Number:
`
`
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`
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`PCT/USOO/lG410
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`
`
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`
`14 June 2000 (14.06.2000)
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`
`
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`(25) Filing Language:
`
`
`
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`
`
`60/139,097
`60/145,394
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`English
`
`English
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`14 June 1999 (14.06.1999) US
`
`
`
`23 July 1999 (23.07.1999) US
`
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`
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`(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): ESCORT
`
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`
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`
`
`
`INC. [US/US]; 5440 West Chester Road, WestChester. OH
`
`
`
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`
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`(72) Inventor; and
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`
`(75) Inventor/Applicant (for US only): ORR, Steven, K.
`[US/US]; 14 Denney Place, Cincinnati, OH 45227 (US).
`
`
`
`
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`
`
`
`
`(81) Designated States (national): AE. AG. AL.AM,AT, AU,
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`AZ. BA. BB, BG. BR. BY, CA, CH, CN. CR. CU. CZ. DE,
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`LT, LU, LV. MA. MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ, NO.
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`NZ, PL, PT,RO, RU, SD, SE, 56, SI, SK. SL, TJ.TM,TR,
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`'I'I'. TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN, YU, ZA. ZW.
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`(84) Designated States (regional): ARIPO patent (GH, GM.
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`KE.I..S,MWMZ,SD,SI..,SZ.TZ,UG.ZW),EuIasian
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`patent (AM, AZ, BY. KG, KZ. MD, RU, TJ, TM). European
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`patantm'lZBE. CILCYZDE DK.ES.FI.FR.GB. GRJE.
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`IT. LU, MC. NL. PT, SE). OAPI patent (BF. Bl, CF, CG.
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`CI. CM, GA. GN, GW. ML. MR. NE. SN, TD, TO).
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`-- With international search report.
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`—- Before the expiration of the time limit for amending the
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`claims and to be republished in the event of receipt of
`amendments.
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`For two-letter codes and other abbreviations. refer to the "Guid-
`(74) Agents: HUMPHDE‘Y, Thomas, W. et al.'. Wood. HCI'I'OII
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`once Notes on Codes andAbbreviations " appearing at the begin-
`& Evans, LL.P., 2.700 Carew Tower. Cincinnati, OH 45202
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`ning ofeach regular issue ofthe PCT Gazette.
`(US).
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`(54) Title: RADAR WARNING RECEIVER WITH POSITION AND VELOCITY SEQSITIVE FUNCTIONS
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` llIllllllllllfllllllllllllllfllilfllliillIllllllilllilllllllllllIlllfllll‘
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`4:“Wm"
`ON (57) Abstract: A GPS enabled radar detector (20) that aids in the management of unrelated or otherwise uninnaortant games (16),
`m permitting the detector to dynamically improve its handling of such sources based upon previously—stored geographically-referenced
`{IQ information on such sources. The detector includes technology (30. 32) for determining the location of the detector. and comparing
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`I“ this location to the locations of known stationary sources. to improve the handling of such detections. The detector may ignore
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`differently based upon historic trends of spurious polka radar signals at each frequency. A Global Positioning Sateilite System (GPS)
`receiver (30, 32) is used to establish curfeut physical coordinates. The detector maintains a list (50, 82) of the coordinates of the
`known stationary source "offenders" in nonvolatile memory. Each time a microwave or laser source is detected, it will compme its
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`3 current coordinates to this list. Notification of the driver will take on a variety of forms depending on the stored information and
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`current operating modes.
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`-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 7
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 7
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`

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`WO 00/77539
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`ii" vet sells 19 let an
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`963433190 6 5 5
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`— 7
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`:RAPAR WARNLNHQ RECEIVER WITH POSITION AND VELOCITY
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`SENSITIVE FUNCTIONS
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`Cross—Reference to Related Applications
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`This application is a United States continuation-in-part of US.
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`Provisional Patent Application serial no. 60/139,097, filed June 14, 1999, and
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`a United States continuation-in-part of US. Provisional Patent Application
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`serial no. 60/145,394, filed July 23, 1999, both of which are hereby
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`incorporated herein in their entirety.
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`1 0
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`Field of the Invention
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`The present invention relates to radar warning receivers.
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`Background of the Invention
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`Radar detectors warn drivers of the use of police radar, and the
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`potential for traffic citations if the driver exceeds the speed limit. The FCC has
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`allocated several regions of the electromagnetic spectrum for police radar use.
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`The bands used by police radar are generally know as the X, K and Ka bands.
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 8
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 8
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`

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` WO 00177539
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`PCTMSW/16410
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`Each relates to a different part of the spectrum. The X and K bands are
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`relatively narrow frequency ranges, whereas the Ka band is a relatively wide
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`range of frequencies. By the early 1990’s, police radar evolved to the point
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`that it could operate almost anywhere in the “SOD-megahertz wide Ka band.
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`During that time radar detectors kept pace with models that included
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`descriptive names like “Ultra Wide” and “Super Wide." More recently, police
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`have begun to use laser (Optical) systems for detecting speed. This technology
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`was termed LIDAR for “Light Detection and Ranging.”
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`Radar detectors typically comprise a microwave receiver and
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`detection circuitry that is typically realized with a microprocessor or digital
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`signal processor (DSP). Microwave receivers are generally capable of
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`detecting microwave components in the X, K, and very broad Ka band. In
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`various solutions, either a microprocessor or DSP is used to make decisions
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`about the signal content from the microwave receiver. Systems including a
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`digital signal processor have been shown to provide superior performance over
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`solutions based on conventional microprocessors due to the DSP’s ability to
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`find and distinguish signals that are buried in noise. Various methods of
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`applying DSP’s were disclosed in US. Patent Nos. 4,954,328, 5,079,553,
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`5,049,385, and 5,134,406, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference
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`2 0
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`herein.
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`if»;m2.? itml
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`56:1.
`95*“
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`rib:
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`r1:"rat"
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`2:5”
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 9
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 9
`
`

`

` WO 00177539
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`PCT/0800116410
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`Police use of laser has also been countered with laser detectors,
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`such as described in US. Patent Nos. 5,206,500, 5,347,120 and 5,365,055,
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`each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Products are now available
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`that combined laser detection into a single product with a microwave receiver,
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`to provide comprehensive protection.
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`The DSP or microprocessor in a modern radar detector is
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`programmable. Accordingly, they can be instructed to manage all of the user
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`interface features such as input switches, lights, sounds, as well as generate
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`control and timing signals for the microwave receiver and/or laser detector.
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`Early in the evolution of the radar detector, consumers sought products that
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`offered a better way to manage the audible volume and duration of warning
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`signals. Good examples of these solutions are found in US. Patent Nos.
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`3 4,631,542, 5,164,729, 5,250,951, and 5,300,932, each of which is hereby
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`incorporated by reference, which provide methods for conditioning the
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`response generated by the radar detector.
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`Methods for conditioning detector response are gaining
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`importance, because there is an increasing number of signals present in the X,
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`K, and Ka bands from products that are completely unrelated to police radar.
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`These products share the same regions of the spectrum and are also licensed by
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`the FCC. The growing number of such signals is rapidly undermining the
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`credibility of radar detector performance. Radar detectors cannot tell the
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`in!
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`«:5
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`ii”
`iii;
`5‘. _
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`‘—_..li
`5.Eur“
`5
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`a
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 10
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 10
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`

`

`
`WO 00177539
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`PCTIU500116410
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`difference between emissions from many of these devices and true police radar
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`systems. As a result, radar detectors are increasingly generating false alarms,
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`effectively "crying wolf“, reducing the significance of warnings from radar
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`detectors.
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`One of the earliest and most prevalent unrelated Microwave
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`sources is the automatic door system used in many commercial buildings such
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`as supermarkets, malls, restaurants and shepping centers. The majority of
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`these operate in the X-Band and produce signals virtually indistinguishable
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`from conventional X-Band Police Radar. Other than the fact that door opening
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`systems are vertically polarized, vs circular polarization for police radar, there
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`is no distinction between the two that could be analyzed and used by a receiver
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`design.
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`designed to Operate in the X—Band. As a result, radar detectors generally
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`announced X-Band alerts far more often than K-Band. As these X-Band
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`‘polluters’ grew in numbers, ultimately 99% of X—Band alerts were from
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`irrelevant sources. X-Band alerts became meaningless. The only benefit that
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`these sources offered the user was some assurance that the detector was
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`actually capable of detecting radar. It also gave the user some intuition into
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`the product’s detection range. To minimize the annoyance to users, most radar
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`detector manufacturers added a filter-like behavior that was biased against X-
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 11
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 11
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`

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`
`W0 Oil/77539
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`PCT[0800/1 6410
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`Band sources. Many also added “Band priority” that was biased against X and
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`in favor of bands that were less likely to contain irrelevant sources such as K,
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`Ka, and Laser. If signals in both X and K Bands were detected, band
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`prioritization would announce K, since it was more likely be a threat to the
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`driver. In the last few years, K—Band door opening systems have also grown in
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`number. This has reduced the significance of the K-Band warning and further
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`Another unrelated microwave signal is generated by traffic
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`management systems such as the ARTIMIS manufactured by TRW, used in
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`Cincinnati, Ohio. ARTIMIS Stands for “Advanced Regional Traffic
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`Interactive Management and Information System”, and reports traffic flow
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`information back to a central control center. Traffic congestion and other
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`factors are analyzed by the control center. Control center employees use this
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`information, which they transmit to a large distribution of overhead and
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`roadside signs. In order to collect information on vehicle traffic, a roadside
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`ARTIMIS station transmits an X-Band signal toward cars as they drive by.
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`The ARTIMIS source, unlike the X-Band door opener systems, is
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`frequency. As a result, it is possible to differentiate police radar signals from
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`sources such as ARTIMIS, and ignore ARTIMIS sources in newer detectors.
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`{:4
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`(I!
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 12
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 12
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`

`

`W0 fill/77539
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`PCTIUSO0I16410
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`Older detectors, however, do not incorporate this feature and could be obsolete
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`in areas where ARTIMIS is in use.
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`Unrelated Microwave signals are also transmitted by a system
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`Collision Warning System. This electronic device warns heavy trucks and
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`ambulances of hazards in their path. A small number of these RASHID VRSS
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`units have been deployed. They are categorized as a member of the “non-
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`RASHlD can be prevented.
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`radar detectors,” and present a serious threat to some detector products. An
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`early example of this occurred in the mid 1980’s when radar detectors using
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`superhomodyne circuitry became popular. Such detectors leak energy in the 7
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`X—Band and K—bands and appeared as police radar to other detectors. A
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`solution to this problem is described in US. Patent No. 4,581,769, which is
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`hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A similar problem occurred in
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`the early 1990‘s when the Ka band was widened. An unexpected result was
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`that the wider Ka band then also detected harmonics of signals generated by
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`local oscillators within many existing radar detectors. US. Patent No.
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 13
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 13
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`W0 Oil/77539
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`PCTMSW/16410
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`5,305,007, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, describes
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`a method for ignoring these polluting detectors.
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`At this time, there are very few signal sources that can cause
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`false laser detections in comparison to the substantial list of false microwave
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`signals just described. However there are certain types of equipment that can
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`cause the amplifiers and detection circuitry used in a laser detector to generate
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`In particular, certain locations near airports have been
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`demonstrated to cause such problems for various laser detector products. As a
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`result, selected airport environments are examples of stationary signals that
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`produce false laser detections.
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`As can be appreciated from the foregoing example, as sources
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`of unrelated signals continue to propagate, radar detectors must continually
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`increase in sophistication to filter unrelated sources and accurately identify
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`police radar. Each of these changes and enhancements has the potential effect
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`of obsoleting existing detectors that do not include appropriate
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`countermeasures. Furthermore, some sources, particularly stationary door
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`opener sources, at this time cannot be filtered economically. and thus threaten
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`the usefulness of even the mo st sophisticated modern radar detector.
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`During the 1980’s, the functionality of radar detectors
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`expanded into other classes of driver notification. A system was developed
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`that required a special transmitter be placed on emergency vehicles, trains, and
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 14
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 14
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`W0 (ID/77539
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`PCT/U500fl6410
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`other driving hazards. The term ‘emergency radar’ was coined, and a variety
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`of products were introduced that could detect these transmitters. One such
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`solution was disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,559,508, which is hereby
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`incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. Another system was later
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`introduced offering a larger class of ‘hazard categories’ called the SWS
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`system. Both emergency radar and SWS involve the transmission of
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`microwave signals in the ‘K’ band. Such signals are considered to be a part of
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`the group of signal types that are intended to be detected by radar detectors.
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`A drawback of these warning systems is that stationary
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`transmitters of these signals send the same message to drivers constantly, and
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`become a nuisance during daily commute. This is beneficial to ‘new’ drivers
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`receiving the message for the first time. However these messages become an
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`annoyance to drivers who follow the same path to work everyday.
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`Thus, radar detector manufacturers are continually confronted
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`with new problems to solve, due to the variety of different types of unrelated
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`sources and their sheer numbers. The rate at which new or upgraded radar
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`detector models are introduced continues to increase as manufacturers try to
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`evolve their products to manage the growing number of unrelated sources.
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`Meanwhile, the market for radar detectors is shrinking because consumers are
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 15
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 15
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`warmer. w — .
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`W0 00fl7539
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`PCT/USMIIMIO
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`$11me of the Invention
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`The present invention overcomes these difficulties by providing
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`a method of operating a radar detector that aids in the management of
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`unrelated sources, and permitting the detector to dynamically improve its
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`handling of unrelated sources. As noted above, many non-stationary sources
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`can be identified and ignored using existing technology. However, many
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`stationary sources cannot, as yet be effectively filtered economically with
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`existing technology. Accordingly, the invention provides a radar detector that
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`includes technology for determining the location of the detector, and
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`comparing this location to the locations of known stationary sources, to
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`improve the handling of such detections.
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`In one embodiment, a radar detector may ignore detections
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`received in an area known to contain a stationary source. In the specific
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`embodiment described below, substantially more sophisticated processing is
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`performed to determine whether and what actions to take in response to a
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`detection.
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`The Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS) offers an
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`electronic method for establishing current physical coordinates very
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`accurately. In the detailed embodiment described below, a radar detector
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`utilizes a GPS system to determine its current position. The detector also
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`maintain a list of the coordinates of the known stationary source “offenders” in
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 16
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 16
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`W0 Oil/17539
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`PCT/U500116410
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`nonvolatile memory. Each time a microwave or laser source is detected, it
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`will compare its current coordinates to this list. Notification of the driver will
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`take on a variety of forms depending on the setup configuration.
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`By adding GPS conditioning capabilities to a radar detector, the
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`combination becomes a new product category that is capable of rejecting
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`signals from any given location no matter what the nature of the
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`microwaveflaser signals might berfrom that location. This will have a dramatic
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`effect on the usable life of the product and subsequent value to its owner.
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`The above and other objects and advantages of the present
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`invention shall be made apparent from the accompanying drawings and the
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`description thereof.
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`Brief Description of the Drawing
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`The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and
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`constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention ,
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`and, together with a general description of the invention given above, and the
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`detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the
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`principles of the invention.
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`Fig. 1 is an illustration of a vehicle receiving radar signals from
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`police radar and from a number of unrelated sources, and finther receiving
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`global positioning signals from a global positioning satellite;
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 17
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1004, page 17
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`

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`WO 00177539
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`PCT/USBOIIMIO
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`Fig. 2 is an electrical block diagram of a radar detection circuit
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`in accordance with principles of the present invention;
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`Fig. 3 is a illustration of a database structure used by the radar
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`detection circuit of Fig. 2, for storing information radar signals received or
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`receivable from unrelated sources at a number of locations, as identified by
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`cell coordinates;
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`Fig. 4 is an illustration of a database structure used for storing
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`historic information on the locations of a vehicle carrying the radar detection
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`circuit of Fig. 2, as identified by cell