US 6,204,798 B1
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(12) United States Patent
`Fleming, 111
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Mar. 20, 2001
`
`
`U5006204798Bl
`
`(54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALERTING
`AN OPERATOR OF A NIOTOR VEHICLE T0
`AN INCOMING RADAR SIGNAL
`
`(76)
`
`Inventor: Hoyt A. Fleming, III, 4134 W. Quail
`Ridge Dr., Boise, ll) (US) 83703
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/292,089
`;
`Apr. 14, 1999
`Filed:
`(22)
`Int. Cl.7 ........................................................ G018 7/40
`(51)
`(52) US. Cl.
`................................. 342/20; 342/52; 342/89;
`342/195; 342/357.06; 342/357.1;342/357,17
`(58) Field Of Search .................................. 342/20; 26, 27;
`342/52; 73; 89—93, 1047 105; 109; 115;
`“g 159 165 175 195 3570] 357.06
`,
`,
`’
`357.17, 357.13,, 357.17,
`
`4,313,216
`4,750,215 *
`4,949,088 *
`5,068,663
`
`5,250,951
`
`1/1982 Jaeger et al.
`.
`6/1988 Biggs ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 342/20 X
`
`8/1990 Ryan et al.
`.
`342/20
`
`11/1991 Valentine et al.
`342/20
`
`
`..
`10/1993 Valentine et al.
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`............ 342/20
`
`Poteet, David C., RadiaSaI, <http://newcitymedia.com/ra-
`diosat/radiosat/radiosat/index.html>.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Primary Examiner$ernarr E. Gregory
`'57
`ABSTRACT
`)
`(
`A radar detector for alerting an operator of a motor vehicle
`to an incoming police radar signal. This radar detector
`includes a microprocessor; a circuit coupled to the micro-
`processor for detecting the incoming police radar signal; and
`a global positioning system receiver coupled to the micro—
`processor. Upon detection of an incoming radar signal, the
`radar detector can utilize the position, velocity, and/or
`heading data from the global positioning system receiver to
`determine whether to generate an alert.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5/1972 Potter ............................ 21 Claims, 2 Drawing Sheets
`
`3,660,844 *
`
`Radar Detector
`
`
`Program Storage
`Device
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`
`
`Receiver Microprocessor
`
`
`GPS
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 1
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 1
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Mar. 20, 2001
`
`Sheet 1 of2
`
`US 6,204,798 B1
`
`
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`Detect an incoming radar signal.
`
`Determine the position of the radar detector.
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`Generate an alert if the position of the radar
`detector is not within a predetermined distance of
`
`a predetermined position.
`Fig. 2
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 2
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 2
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`

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`US. Patent
`
`Mar. 20, 2001
`
`Sheet 2 0f2
`
`US 6,204,798 B1
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`
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`
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`Detect an incoming radar signal.
`
`incoming radar signal.
`
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`
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`Determine at least one characteristic of the
`
`Determine the position of the radar detector.
`
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`Fig. 3
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`Generate an alert if the radar detector is not
`
`within a predetermined distance of a
`predetermined position and the at least one
`characteristic is not similar to a predetermined
`characteristic.
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`Detect an incoming radar signal.
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`Determine the velocity of the radar detector.
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`Generate an alert if the velocity of the radar
`detector is greater than a predetermined velocity.
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`Fig. 4
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 3
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 3
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`

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`US 6,204,798 B1
`
`1
`METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALERTING
`AN OPERATOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE TO
`AN INCOMING RADAR SIGNAL
`
`1. BACKGROUND
`
`The present invention relates generally to police radar
`detectors used in motor vehicles and, more particularly, to
`police radar detectors that utilize a motor vehicle’s position,
`velocity and/0r heading to minimize false alarms.
`Many operators of motor vehicles utilize radar detectors
`to alert them to the fact that their speed is being monitored
`by law enforcement agencies. However, conventional radar
`detectors often generate “false alarms.” These false alarms
`are annoying to the operators of motor vehicles. In fact,
`various automotive publications publish results of “false
`alarm” tests. 'Ihus, anything that can be accomplished by the
`manufacturer to reduce the number of false alarms without
`reducing detection of police radar is commercially valuable.
`In addition to police radar signals, there are many differ—
`ent sources of microwave signals in the frequency bands
`allocated to police radar by the US. Federal Communica-
`tions Commission (FCC). For example, motion-detecting
`burglar alarms and automatic door openers also operate in
`the frequency bands allocated to police radar. Thus, a need
`exists for a radar detector that can distinguish between
`signals generated by a police radar transmitter and those
`generated by other devices which utili7e microwave signals
`within the same frequency bands.
`Still another source of annoying false alarms occurs when
`an operator of a motor vehicle is travelling at a speed that is
`below the legal speed limit, such as occurs when the
`operator is in traflic, and the radar detector alerts him to an
`incoming radar signal. Even if a police radar signal is
`monitoring the speed of the operator’s vehicle, because the
`velocity of the vehicle is below the legal speed limit, the
`operator of the vehicle may not need to be alerted to the
`presence of the police radar signal. Thus, a need exists for
`a radar detector that does not generate an alert if the velocity
`of the radar detector is below the legal speed limit.
`Operators have become accustomed to radar detectors
`activating in certain locations along commonly traveled
`streets and highways. Police radar units may be deployed by
`the side of the roadway at these locations since the police
`also are aware of the local activation signals and the police
`are aware that the signals tend to mask their own speed
`monitoring radar units. Thus, a need exists for a radar
`detector that can avoid generating a false alarm due to such
`accustomed radar signals while still generating an alert for
`such police radar signals.
`2. SUMMARY OF TIIE INVENTION
`
`for alerting an
`is a radar detector
`One embodiment
`operator of a motor vehicle to an incoming police radar
`signal. This radar detector includes a microprocessor; a
`circuit coupled to the microprocessor for detecting the
`incoming police radar signal; and a global positioning
`system receiver coupled to the microprocessor. The radar
`detector also includes a program storage device containing
`instructions for determining Whether to generate an alert to
`an incoming radar signal based upon the radar detector’s
`position, velocity, and/or heading.
`Another embodiment of the invention is a method of
`generating an alert to an incoming radar signal. This method
`includes first detecting the incoming radar signal. Next, the
`position of a radar detector is determined. Then, an alert is
`
`2
`generated if the position of the radar detector is not within
`a predetermined distance of a predetermined position.
`Still another embodiment of the invention is a second
`method of generating an alert to an incoming radar signal.
`This method includes first detecting the incoming radar
`signal. Next, the velocity of the radar detector is determined.
`Then, an alert is generated if the velocity of a radar detector
`is greater than a predetermined velocity.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radar detector including one
`embodiment of the present invention.
`FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method of operating a radar
`detector.
`
`FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of another method of operating
`a radar detector.
`
`FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of yet another method of
`operating a radar detector.
`3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
`3.1 Description of a First Embodiment
`One embodiment of the novel radar detector is shown in
`FIG. 1. The radar detector includes an antenna that
`is
`coupled to a detector circuit. The detector circuit, which may
`be controlled by the microprocessor of FIG, 1, collects the
`signals from the antenna, detects the incoming signals, and
`distinguishes valid radar signals from electrical noise. The
`detector circuit may be any appropriate radar detector circuit
`capable of generating an output signal which indicates the
`strength, the presence, and/or the frequency of incoming
`radar signals. While the detector circuit may operate
`autonomously, operation and control of the detector circuit
`may be performed by the microprocessor. For example, the
`microprocessor may control the detector as is known in the
`art so that radar signals in the dilIerent frequency bands
`allocated to police radar signals are detected. Such detector
`circuits can take a wide variety of forms and can include
`amplifiers, mixers, diplexers, and other circuitry commonly
`used in the radar detector field. Several examples of such
`circuits are shown in US Pat. Nos. 4,313,216, 5,068,663,
`and 5,250,951, which are incorporated herein by reference.
`The output of the detector circuit is coupled to the input
`of one or more analog—to—digital converters. These convert—
`ers convert the analog output of the detector circuit into
`digital signals that represent signal strength, signal presence,
`and/or signal fi‘equency.
`In addition to being coupled to the detector circuit and the
`analog-to-digital converter,
`the microprocessor is also
`coupled to an alert circuit. The alert circuit communicates
`information regarding detected radar signals to the operator
`of a motor vehicle using the radar detector by means of one
`or more alarm tones and/0r visual
`indicators that are
`included within the alert circuit. Alert circuits are known by
`those skilled in the art. For example, see US. Pat. Nos.
`4,313,216, 5,068,663, and 5,250,951, which are incorpo—
`rated herein by reference.
`The microprocessor, Vvhich may be any conventional
`single or multiple chip microprocessor or digital signal
`processor,
`is coupled to a program storage device. The
`program storage device may be any conventional memory
`device such as a PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, ROM, SRAM
`or even battery backed up DRAM. The program storage
`device contains machine readable instructions that com—
`mand the microprocessor to perform certain functions. For
`example, the program storage device may be conventionally
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 4
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`US 6,204,798 B1
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`3
`programmed to sweep a predetermined number of radar
`frequency bands, determine the frequency and/0r signal
`strength of any detected radar signals in the swept frequency
`bands, and, if the signal strength of the detected radar signals
`exceed a predetermined value, then generate a signal that
`activates the alert circuit. Such programming is known by
`those skilled in the art. For example, see US. Pat. Nos.
`4,313,216, 5,068,663, and 5,250,951, which are incorpo—
`rated herein by reference.
`The microprocessor is also coupled to a positioning
`system such as a global positioning system (“GPS”)
`receiver. As is well known, a GPS receiver receives signals
`from satellites and uses these signals to calculate the posi-
`tion of the GPS receiver. In addition, the GPS receiver may
`receive differential correction data and/or dead reckoning
`data, such as from a compass or a wheel sensor, to increase
`the accuracy of the receiver. By calculating the position of
`the GPS receiver at two different times, the velocity and
`heading of the GPS receiver can be easily determined using
`conventional algorithms. Thus, the GPS receiver can pro—
`vide the [microprocessor with data that indicates the position,
`the velocity, and/or the heading of the radar detector.
`The microprocessor may also be coupled to a user inter-
`face circuit (not shown). The user interface circuit may
`include a plurality of buttons that are intended to be
`depressed by an operator of a motor vehicle. Such buttons
`may include: a power button, a mute button, a city/highway
`button, and a dim button.
`the program
`As will be discussed more fully below,
`storage device may also contain machine readable instruc-
`tions that command the microprocessor to determine
`whether to generate an alert based upon data received from
`the GPS. 'l'hus, upon detection of an incoming radar signal,
`the radar detector can utilize the position, velocity, and/0r
`heading data from the global positioning system receiver to
`determine whether to generate an alert.
`3.2 Description of a Second Embodiment
`One method of operating the radar detector of FIG. 1 is
`shown in FIG. 2. In this embodiment, the radar detector first
`detects an incoming radar signal. Next, the position of the
`radar detector is determined. Then, an alert is generated if
`the position of the radar detector is not within a predeter-
`mined distance of a predetermined position.
`By utilizing the above method, many false alarms may be
`eliminated. For example, if the position of a microwave
`automatic door opener is programmed into the radar detector
`and the radar detector detects an incoming radar signal when
`the radar detector’s position is near the automatic door
`opener, then it is likely that the source of the incoming radar
`signal is the automatic door opener and not a police radar.
`Thus, using the method of FIG. 2, an alert would not be
`generated for the detected radar signal,
`The programming of predetermined positions may be
`accomplished by depressing one or more buttons that are
`coupled to the interface circuit discussed above. Thus, if an
`operator of a motor vehicle approaches a microwave auto—
`matic door opener, then the operator can depress an “ignore
`radar” button. Then,
`the radar detector would store the
`position of the radar detector and possibly the frequency and
`the signal strength of the incoming radar signal
`in the
`program storage device of FIG. 1 or another memory device
`(not shown) coupled to or integrated within the micropro-
`cessor. An alternative method of storing such data would be
`to hold down a “mute” button for an extended length of time
`such as 3 to 5 seconds. It is also possible to experimentally
`generate a database containing position, frequency and/0r
`signal strength for a specific geographical region. This
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`database could be provided to operators of motor vehicles
`for a fee. Accessing the Internet via a cellular phone (not
`shown) coupled to the microprocessor of FIG. 1 would be
`one method of providing the above database to operators of
`motor vehicles.
`In still another embodiment, when the operator instructs
`the radar detector to store a position of an incoming radar
`signal, the radar detector could attempt to locate the approxi-
`mate position of the source of the incoming radar signal. For
`example, if an operator instructs the radar detector to store
`a position of an incoming radar signal as the operator is still
`approaching the source of the incoming radar signal, the
`signal strength of the incoming radar signal will be incre as—
`ing. The radar detector could locate a position that is very
`near the position of the source of the incoming radar signal
`by determining the position of the radar detector when the
`strength of the incoming signal is at a maximum. In addition,
`radar detectors such as described in US. Pat. No. 5,250,951,
`may utilize multiple radar antennas and signal processing
`logic to more accurately determine the position of the source
`of the incoming radar signal. For example, the position of
`the source of many incoming radar signals may be closely
`approximated by the position of a radar detector when the
`radar detector identifies that the radar source is to the side of
`the vehicle.
`The predetermined distance may also be programmed by
`the operator of the motor vehicle. If the GPS receiver is
`receiving differential correction data or is receiving dead
`reckoning data, then the predetermined distance may be set
`to a smaller value because the position of the radar detector
`may be more precisely determined.
`In addition,
`if the
`strength of the incoming radar is strong, the predetermined
`distance could be set (manually or automatically) to a higher
`value because the radar detector will detect the incoming
`radar signal at a greater distance from the source. For
`example, if a radar detector in a vehicle detected a radar
`signal while the vehicle traveled a 1 mile distance, then the
`predetermined distance [or that particular radar signal may
`be calculated by dividing the 1 mile distance in half. In order
`to compensate for non-symmetrical detection of the radar
`signal and inaccuracies of the positioning of the radar
`detector, an additional 1/2 or 1/2 mile might be added to the
`above predetermined distance.
`3.3 Description of a Third Embodiment
`The simple method of operating a radar detector shown in
`FIG. 2 can be improved as shown in FIG. 3.
`In this
`embodiment, the after the radar detects an incoming radar
`signal it determines a characteristic of the radar signal. For
`example, the radar detector may determine the frequency
`and/or the signal strength of the incoming radar signal. Next,
`the position of the radar detector is determined. Then, an
`alert
`is generated if the radar detector is not within a
`predetermined distance of a predetermined position and the
`characteristic is not similar to a predetermined characteris—
`tic.
`By utilizing this method, many false alarms may be
`eliminated. For example, the location of a microwave auto—
`matic door opener and the frequency of the radar signal
`transmitted by the door opener are first programmed into a
`radar detector. Assume that a police radar is being transmit-
`ted near the location of the microwave automatic door
`opener. Because the police radar is near the automatic door
`opener, the method of FIG. 2 would not generate an alert.
`Thus, the operator of a motor vehicle would not be properly
`alerted to the police radar. However as shown below, the
`method of FIG. 3 would generate an alert.
`If the automatic door opener signal is processed first
`according to the method of FIG. 3, then the frequency of the
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 5
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`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 5
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`US 6,204,798 B1
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`5
`autoiuatic door opener signal would be determined. Next,
`the position of the radar detector would be determined.
`Because the radar detector is near
`the previously pro-
`grammed position of the automatic door opener and the
`frequency of the incoming radar signal
`is equal
`to the
`previously programmed frequency of the automatic door
`opener, the radar detector would not generate an alert.
`Next, the police radar signal would be processed. Thus,
`the frequency of the police radar signal would be deter-
`mined. However, even though the location of the radar
`detector is near the previously programmed location of the
`automatic door opener, because the frequency of the police
`radar is not equal to the previously programmed frequency
`of the radar signal transmitted by the door opener, an alert
`would be generated. Thus, the operator of the motor vehicle
`would be properly alerted to the presence of the police radar
`signal.
`Due to inaccuracies in algorithms and slight variations in
`frequencies due to physical phenomena such as temperature
`of radar transmitters, it may not be practical to determine if
`
`a frequency of an incoming radar signal is exactly equal to
`
`
`
`a previously programmed frequency. Thus, is often su leient
`to determine if the frequency of an incoming radar signal is
`similar to a previously programmed frequency. For example,
`if two frequencies are within 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 MHz of each
`other, then they may be considered to be similar.
`In one embodiment of the invention, 256 frequency bins
`are defined for each frequency band of the radar detector.
`Thus, this one embodiment of the invention, each of the
`following frequency bands would have 256 bins: X band
`(10475—10575 GHZ); Ku band (13400—13500 GHz); K
`band (24025424275 GHZ); and Ka band (34150435250
`(31-12). In this embodiment, frequencies are considered to be
`similar if they are in the same frequency band and are in the
`same bin.
`In still another embodiment,
`frequencies are
`considered to be similar if they are in the same frequency
`band and are in the same or adjacent bins. In these two
`embodiments, the exact frequency of the incoming radar
`signal need not be determined. Only the frequency band and
`the appropriate frequency bin number need be determined.
`If higher resolution is required, then the number of bins for
`one or more frequency bands can be increased. On the other
`hand, if only very low resolution is required, then if two
`frequencies are in the same frequency band, they may be
`considered to be similar.
`3.4 Description of a Fourth Embodiment
`FIG. 4 shows still another method of operating the radar
`detector of FIG, 1. In this embodiment, the radar signal is
`first detected. Then,
`the velocity of the radar detector is
`determined. Next, an alert is generated if the velocity of the
`radar detector is greater than a predetermined velocity.
`This embodiment is particularly useful if the predeter—
`mined velocity is set to a value that is less than the minimum
`speed limit. For example, if an operator of a motor vehicle
`programs the predetermined velocity to 65 miles per hour,
`which may be the speed limit on a particular highway, then
`the operator will not be alerted to a radar signal unless he is
`speeding. Thus, the operator will not be alerted to radar
`signals when he is traveling at a slow rate of speed such as
`when the operator is in traffic. The operator could also
`program the predetermined velocity to the minimum speed
`limit that the operator is likely to encounter in a specific
`geographical region. For example, if the city in which the
`operator lives has some streets with a 25 miles per hour
`speed limit, then the operator could program the predeter—
`mined speed to 25 miles per hour. If the operator performed
`such programming, such as by depressing one or more
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`buttons that are coupled to the interface circuit, the operator
`could be spared some, but not all false alarms.
`A more sophisticated embodiment would not require the
`user to manually program the speed limit. This embodiment
`would obtain the speed limit from a database that contains
`speed limits for particular roads in a geographic region. By
`comparing the location and/or the heading of a motor
`vehicle to the location and/or heading of a plurality of roads
`in the above database, the radar detector could determine the
`particular road upon which the vehicle is traveling. After
`such a determination, the speed limit for the particular road
`could be accessed from the database. Such algorithms are
`known by those skilled in the art. This database could be
`stored on the program storage device of FIG. 1 or could be
`stored on an external storage device such as a CD ROM or
`a hard disk drive. This database could also be provided to
`operators of motor vehicles for a fee.
`3.5 Other Embodiments
`In some cases, an operator of a motor vehicle may desire
`to be alerted to the presence of a radar signal even if the
`above methods would not “generate an alert.” In such cases,
`a less intrusive alert such as a reduced volume tone, and/or
`a flashing LED could be generated. Thus, the phrase “gen—
`erate an alert if” a condition occurs is intended to include
`generating a particular alert
`if the condition occurs. If
`another condition occurs, such as detection of an incoming
`radar signal while the radar detector is within a predeter-
`mined distance of a predetermined position as shown in FIG.
`2, then another alert may be generated.
`The above Description of the Preferred Embodiments
`includes words, such as “first,” “then,” and “next.” These
`words indicate a sequence of acts. Many of the sequences
`can be modified within the scope of the invention. Thus,
`unless the result of a first act is required for a second act,
`then the language indicating a sequence should not be
`considered to be limitations to the invention.
`Many of the above embodiments can be combined to
`produce a radar detector that generates very few false
`alarms. For example, the methods of FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 can be
`combined with the method of FIG. 4. Such combinations are
`intended to be within the scope of the invention.
`1 claim:
`1. A method, executed by a device having a position, of
`generating an alert to an incoming radar signal having a
`frequency and a signal strength, the method comprising the
`acts of:
`
`(a) detecting the incoming radar signal;
`(b) determining the position of the device that detected the
`incoming radar signal; and
`(c) generating an alert if the position of the device is not
`within a predetermined distance of a predetermined
`position.
`2. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of detecting the
`incoming ra ar signal
`includes determining at
`least one
`characteristic of the radar signal.
`3. The met 10d of claim 2 wherein the act of determining
`at least one characteristic of the radar signal includes deter-
`mining the frequency of the radar signal.
`4. The metiod of claim 2 wherein the act of determining
`at least one characteristic of the radar signal includes deter-
`mining a frecuency bin number.
`5. The metiod of claim 2 wherein the act of determining
`at least one characteristic of the radar signal includes deter—
`mining whet ier the incoming radar signal
`is in the X
`frequency band, the Ku frequency band, the K frequency
`band, or the Ka frequency band.
`6. The metiod of claim 2 wherein the act of determining
`at least one characteristic of the radar signal includes deter-
`mining the signal strength of the incoming radar signal.
`
`
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`US 6,204,798 B1
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`7
`7. The method of claim 2 wherein the act of generating an
`alert includes generating an alert if the at least one charac-
`teristic is not similar to a predetermined characteristic.
`8. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining
`the position of the device includes receiving signals from a
`plurality of satellites.
`9. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining
`the position of the device includes receiving a differential
`global positioning signal.
`10. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining
`the position of the device includes receiving dead reckoning
`data.
`11. A method, executed by a device having a velocity, of
`generating an alert to an incoming radar signal having a
`frequency and a signal strength, the method comprising the
`acts of:
`
`(a) detecting the incoming radar signal;
`(b) determining the velocity of the device that detected the
`incoming radar signal; and
`(c) generating an alert if the velocity of the device is
`greater than a predetermined velocity.
`12. The method of claim 11 wherein the act of determin-
`ing the velocity of the device includes receiving data from
`a plurality of satellites.
`13. The method of claim 11 wherein the act of determin-
`ing the velocity of the device includes receiving data from
`a plurality of global positioning satellites.
`14. The method of claim 11 wherein the act of determin—
`ing the velocity of the device includes receiving differential
`global positioning data.
`15. The method of claim 11 wherein the act of determin-
`ing the velocity of the device includes receiving dead
`reckoning data.
`16. The method of claim 11 wherein the act of generating
`an alert
`if the velocity of the device is greater than a
`predetermined velocity includes generating an alert if the
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`velocity of the device is greater than a velocity that has been
`previously programmed by an operator of a motor vehicle.
`17. The method of claim 11 wherein the act of generating
`an alert if the velocity of the device is greater than a
`predetermined velocity includes generating an alert if the
`velocity of the device is greater than a legal speed limit that
`is retrieved from a database.
`18. A radar detector for alerting an operator of a motor
`vehicle to an incoming police radar signal comprising:
`(a) a microprocessor;
`(b) a circuit coupled to the microprocessor for detecting
`the incoming police radar signal; and
`(c) a global positioning system receiver coupled to the
`microprocessor and operable to provide the micropro-
`cessor with data.
`19. The radar detector of claim 18, further including a
`program] storage device that
`is coupled to the
`microprocessor,
`the program storage device containing
`machine readable instructions for:
`
`(a) determining the position of a radar detector; and
`(b) generating an alert if the position of the radar detector
`is not within a predetermined distance of a predeter-
`mined position.
`20. The radar detector of claim 19, wherein the program
`storage device includes machine readable instructions for
`determining at least one characteristic of the radar signal.
`21. The radar detector of claim 18, further including a
`program storage device that
`is coupled to the
`microprocessor,
`the program storage device containing
`machine readable instructions for:
`
`(a) determining the velocity of the device utilized to
`detect the incoming radar signal; and
`(b) generating an alert if the velocity of a radar detector
`is greater than a predetermined velocity.
`*****
`
`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 7
`
`K-40 Electronics, LLC Exhibit 1003, page 7
`
`