ROGET’S
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`THESAURUS®
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`FOURTH EDITION
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`INTERNATIONAL
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`REVISED BY
`ROBERT LQCHAPMAN
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`CE$
`e
`e
`(knew
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`THOMAS Y. CROWELL, PUBLISHERS
`New York
`Established 1834
`
`HARPER & ROW, PUBLISHERS
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`London and Sydney
`
`

`

`Copyright © 1977 by
`Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc.
`Harper & Row International Edition 1979
`ALL RIGHT
`S RESERVED. EXCEPT FOR USE IN A REVIEW, THE
`ION OF THIS WORK IN ANY FORM
`REPRODUCTION OR UTILIZAT
`OTHER MEANS, NOW
`OR BY ANY ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, OR
`KNOWN OR HEREAFI'ER INVENTED,
`INCLUDING XEROGRAPHY, PHOTOCOPYING,
`AND RECORDING, AND IN ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
`IS FORBIDDEN WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHER. PUBLISHED
`SIMULTANEOUSLY IN CANADA BY FITZHENRY 81 WHITESIDE LIMITED, TORONTO.
`HARPER & ROW LIMITED, LONDON. AND IN
`PUBLISHED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY
`RALASIA) PTY LIMITED. SYDNEY.
`AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BY HARPER & ROW (AUST
`.
`Previous editions copyright ©
`938, 19399, 1946, 19500, 19589, 19609, 1962, 1964‘”, 1966‘”, 19749
`1by Harper 8: Row, Publishers, Inc.
`MANUFACTURED IN TIE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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`Library of Congress‘Cataloging'in Publication Data
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`1911, 1922, 1930, 1932, 1936,
`
`Roget’s international thesaurus. [lstl— 4th ed.
`New York, Crowell
`Based on Thesaurus of English words and phrases, by P. M. Roget.
`Title varies: 1911, The Standard thesaurus of English words and phrases; 1913, Roget’s thesaurus of
`English words and phrases; 1922, Roget’s international thesaurus of English words and phrases; 1946,
`Roget's international thesaurus.
`.
`On cover, 1913, Large type edition; 1933, 1936: International edition.
`Imprint varies: 1911, New York, Kelmscott Society.
`1. English language—Synonyms and antonyms.
`I Roget, Peter Mark, 1779—1869. Thesaurus of
`English words and phrases.
`PE1591.R73 423’.)
`62-12806
`ISBN 0-690-00010-3 (plain)
`Thomas Y. Crowell editions,
`0—690-00011-1 (indexed)
`0-06-337001—8 (plain)
`
`U.S.A. and Canada
`
`Harper & Row Ltd. edition, outside U.S.A. and Canada
`91011121314151617181920
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`‘W—w‘«as.3:513:44“
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`28
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`2‘)
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`48.4 — 49.16
`
`.4 outline, structural outline, plan, scheme,
`schema, chart, graph; table, table of con—
`tents; diagram, block diagram, exploded
`view, blueprint; catalog, catalogue rai—
`sonné [Fr].
`.5 analyst, analyzer, examiner 485.16.
`.6 VERBS analyze, break down, break up,
`anatomize, dissect; divide, subdivide, seg—
`ment; assay, titrate; separate, reduce, re-
`duce to elements, resolve.
`.7 itemize, enumerate, number, detail; out-
`line, schematize, block out; resolve; scan,
`parse.
`.8 classify, class, categorize, catalog, sort,
`sort out,
`sift, group,
`factor, winnow,
`thrash out; weigh, evaluate, gauge, assess,
`appraise; identify.
`.9 ADIS analytical, analytic; segmental; clas—
`sificatory, enumerative; schematic.
`.10 ADVS analytically, by parts or divisions or
`sections; by categories or types.
`49. SEPARATION
`
`.1 NOUNS separation, disjunction, disjoin-
`ture,
`'disjointing, disarticulation, discon-
`nection, disconnectedness, discontinuity,
`incoherence,
`disengagement,
`disunion,
`nonunion, disassociation; parting, alien—
`ation, removal, withdrawal, isolation, de—
`tachment, abstraction; subtraction 42; di-
`vorce, divorcement; division, subdivision,
`partition, segmentation; districting, ZO'I’I‘
`ing; dislocation 185, luxation; separability,
`partibility; separatism; dis—.
`.2 severance, disseverment or disseverance,
`sunderance, scission, fission, cleavage, di—
`chotomy; cutting, slitting, slashing, split-
`ting, slicing; rending, tearing, ripping, lac—
`eration, hacking, chopping, butchering,
`mutilation;
`section,
`resection;
`surgery,
`amputation, excision, abscission, enucle-
`ation; —schisis, —rrhexis.
`.3 disruption, dissolution, abruption, cata-
`clasm; revolution 147; disintegration 53,
`breakup, crack-up, shattering, fragmenta—
`tion; scattering, "dispersal, diffusion; scal—
`ing, splintering, exfoliation.
`.4 break, breakage, breach, burst, rupture,
`fracture; crack, cleft,
`fissure, cut, split,
`slit; slash, slice; gap, rift, rent, rip, tear;
`chip, splinter, scale.
`.
`.S dissection, analysis 48, resolution, break-
`down, diaeresis; anatomy.
`.6 disassembly, dismantlemeut, taking down >
`or apart, dismemberment, dismounting;
`undoing, unbuilding; stripping, divesti-
`ture, deprivation.
`.7 separator,
`sieve, centrifuge, ultracentri—
`
`fuge; creamer, cream separator; breaker,
`stripper; slicer, cutter, microtome; analyz-
`er.
`
`.8 VERBS come apart, spring apart, fly apart,
`come unstuck, come undone, come apart
`at
`the seams, come or drop or fall
`to
`pieces, go to pieces, crack up, disinte- '
`grate, unravel; come or fall off, peel off,
`carry away; get loose, give way, start.
`.9 separate, divide, disjoin, disunite, dissoci—
`ate, disjoint, disengage, disarticulate, dis-
`connect; uncouple, unyoke; part, abrupt,
`cut the knot, divorce, estrange; alienate,
`segregate, sequester, isolate, shut off, set
`apart or aside, cut off or out or adrift;
`withdraw, leave, depart, split [slang]; pull
`out or away or back, stand apart or aside
`or aloof, step aside; subtract 42.9; delete
`42.12; expel, eject, throw off or out, cast
`off or out.
`take or lift
`.10detach, remove, disengage,
`off, doff; unfasten, undo, unattach, unfix;
`free, release, liberate, loose, unloose, un—
`leash, unfetter; unloosen, loosen; cast off,
`weigh anchor; unhook, unhitch, unclasp,
`unclinch, unbuckle, unbutton, unsnap,
`unscrew, unpin; unbolt, unbar; unlock,
`unlatch; untie, unbind, unbandage, un—
`lace, unstrap, unchain; unstick, unglue.
`.11 sever, dissever, cut off or away, ax, ampu-
`tate; cleave, split, fissure; sunder, cut in
`two, dichotomize, halve, bisect; cut,
`in—
`cise, carve, slice, pare, prune, resect,
`ex—
`cise 42.10; slit, snip, lance, scissor; chop,
`hew, hack, slash; gash, Whittle, butcher;
`saw, jigsaw; tear, rend, rive, rend asunder.
`.12break, burst, bust [dial or slang], breach;
`fracture, rupture; crack, split, check, fis-
`sure; snap; chip, scale, exfoliate.
`.13 shatter, splinter, shiver, break to or into
`pieces, break to or into smithereens [in—
`formal];
`smash,
`crash,
`crush,
`crunch,
`squash, squish [informal]; disrupt, demol—
`ish, break up, smash up; scatter, disperse,
`diffuse; fragment,
`fission, atomize; pul-
`verize 361.9, grind, cut to pieces, mince,
`make mincemeat of.
`.14 tear or rip apart, take or pull apart, pick
`or rip or tear to pieces, tear to rags or tat—
`ters, shred; dismember,
`tear limb from
`limb, draw and quarter; mangle, lacerate,
`mutilate, maim; skin, flay, strip, peel, de—
`nude; defoliate.
`tear
`.15 disassemble,
`take apart or down,
`down; dismantle, demolish, dismount,
`unrig [naut].
`.16disjoint, unjoint, unhinge, disarticulate,
`
`dislocate, luxate, throw
`seat.
`
`V
`
`a
`
`.17 dissect, analyze 48.6
`down.
`se
`.18apportion, portion,
`compartmentalize,
`segn
`Vide up, divvy or divvy
`parcel, parcel out, split,
`subdivide; district, zone.
`.19part company, part, se
`dispel, disband, scatter,
`up, break it up [slang], j
`diverge.
`'20:“?15
`separate, distinct
`jOined, unconnected, u'
`tended, unassociated; a]
`two; discontinuous, nonc
`gent;
`insular; noncohe.
`51.4; bipartite, dichotomt
`multisegmental; subdivic
`compartmentalized; ap(c
`ri—,
`fissi—,
`par(a)—,
`sch
`sub—.
`
`.21 separated, disjoined, disj
`diSjunct, disconnected,
`tached, disunited, divid<
`vorced, alienated, estran
`sequestered,
`shut
`off;
`persed,
`isolated, disartic
`ed.
`
`.22 unfastened, uncaught, u
`loose, clear, free; unstucl
`untied, unbound;
`unai
`afloat, floating.
`.23 severed, cut, cleft, cloven
`splintered, cracked, split.
`torn; lacerated, lacerate,
`lated,
`ragged,
`tattered,
`shreds;
`quartered,
`dis
`pieces; —c1ase, —fid ate —:
`.24 broken, busted [din of 51
`tured; sprung; shattered
`’
`[informal].
`.25 separating, dividing, part
`diSjunctive.
`.26separable, severable, divi
`cleavable, partible;
`fissi
`seiSSile; dissoluble, dissolvz
`.27ADVS disjointedly, unco
`radically, spasmodically,
`(
`by bits and pieces, by fits
`.285eparately, severally, pier
`one; apart, adrift, asuné
`twain; apart from, away fr
`abstractly, in the abstract.
`.29 to pieces, all to pieces,
`tc
`ereens [informal], to split
`to tatters, to shreds.
`
`v*Mirrnfi‘u‘;.
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` 29
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`‘
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`"
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`‘
`
`er,
`yz-
`
`.rt,
`art
`to
`te—
`,ff
`
`"
`ici-
`[is-
`t
`1:6’
`set
`ift-
`ull
`ide
`ate
`ast
`
`.
`[lft‘
`lx’
`3;}
`
`Ck’
`un—
`
`PP'
`.111
`1‘“
`ex—
`013’
`ier;
`er.
`Ch;
`fis—
`
`nto
`[in—
`.Ch,
`iol—
`rse,
`)ul-
`ice,
`
`.ick
`tat—
`om
`ate,
`de-
`
`:ear
`mt,
`
`ate,
`
`.22 nnfastened, uncaught, unfixed, undone,
`loose, clear, free; unstuck, shaky, rickety;
`untied, unbound;
`unanchored,
`adrift,
`afloat, floating.
`.23 severed, cut, cleft, cloven, riven, shivered,
`splintered, cracked, split, slit, reft; rent,
`torn; lacerated, lacerate, mangled, muti-
`lated,
`ragged,
`tattered,
`shredded,
`in
`shreds;
`quartered,
`dismembered,
`in
`pieces; —clase, —fid(ate), —sect.
`.24 broken, busted [dial or slang], burst, rup—
`tured; sprung; shattered,
`in smithereens
`[informal].
`.ZSseparating, dividing, parting; separative,
`disjunctive.
`.265eparable, severable, divisible, alienable,
`cleavable,
`partible;
`fissionable,
`fissile,
`scissile; dissoluble, dissolvable.
`spo-
`.27 ADVS disjointedly, unconnectedly,
`radically, spasmodically, discontinuously,
`by bits and pieces, by fits and starts.
`.283eparately, severally, piecemeal, one by
`one; apart, adrift, asunder,
`in two,
`in
`twain; apart from, away from, aside from;
`abstractly, in the abstract.
`.29 to pieces, all to pieces, to bits, to smith—
`ereens [informal], to splinters, to shards,
`to tatters, to shreds.
`
`
`49.17 — 50.10
`
`50. COHESION
`
`
`dislocate, luxate, throw out of joint, un—
`seat.
`.17dissect,‘ analyze 48.6, anatomize, break
`down.
`section, partition,
`.18 apportion, portion,
`compartmentalize,
`segment; divide, di-
`vide up, divvy or divvy .up [both slang],
`parcel, parcel out, split, split up, cut up,
`subdivide; district, zone.
`.19part Company, part, separate, split up,
`dispel, disband, scatter, disperse, break
`up, break it up [slang], go separate ways,
`diverge.
`_
`un—
`discrete;
`.20 ADJS
`separate, distinct,
`joined, unconnected, unattached, unat—
`tended, unassociated; apart, asunder,
`in
`two; discontinuous, noncontiguous, diver—
`gent;
`linsular; noncoheswe,
`Incoherent
`51.4; bipartite, dichotomous, multipartite,
`multisegmental; subdivided, partitioned,
`compartmentalized; ap(o)— or aph—, cho—
`ri—,
`fissi—,
`par(a)—,
`schistor,
`schiz(o)—,
`sub—.
`.21 separated, disjoined, disjoint, disjointed,
`disjunct, disconnected, disengaged,
`de—
`tached, disunited, divided, removed, di-
`vorced, alienated, estranged, segregated,
`sequestered,
`shut
`off;
`scattered,
`dis—
`persed,
`isolated, disarticulated, dislocat—
`ed.
`
`.
`
`cohesrveness, COher
`cohesion,
`1 GUNS
`ence, adherence, adhesion, junction 47.1,
`4, sticking, Cling, clinging, inseparability;
`cementation, conglutination,
`agglutina—
`tion; concretion, condensation, accretion,
`solidification, set, congelation, congeal-
`ment, clotting, coagulation; conglomera-
`tion, conglobation, compaction, agglom-
`eration, consolidation; clustering, mass-
`ing, bunching, modality.
`.2 consistency 26.1, connection, connected-
`ness; continuity, seriality, sequence 65, se—
`quentialness, consecutiveness 71.], order—
`liness.
`
`.3 tenacity, tenaciousness, adhesiveness, co—
`hesiveness, retention; tightness, snugness;
`stickiness, tackiness, gluiness, gumminess,
`viscidity, consistency, viscosity, glutinos-
`ity; persistence or persistency, stick—to-it-
`iveness [informal],
`toughness, stubborn—
`ness, obstinacy, bulldoggedness or bull—
`doggishness, bullheadedness.
`.4 (something adhesive or tenacious) adher—
`ent, adherer, adhesive 50.13; bulldog, bar—
`nacle, leech, limpet, remora; burr, cockle-
`bur,
`clotbur, bramble, brier, prickle,
`thorn; sticker, bumper sticker, decalco-
`mania, decal; glue, cement, mucilage, ep—
`oxy resin, paste, stickum or gunk [both
`slang]; coll(o)—, gli(o)—; plaster, adhesive
`plaster; syrup, molasses.
`breccia
`.S conglomeration,
`conglomerate,
`[geol], agglomerate, agglomeration, clus—
`ter, bunch, mass, clot; concrete, concre—
`tion.
`
`.6 VERBSV cohere, adhere, stick, cling, cleave,
`hold, persist, stay, stay put
`[informal];
`cling to, freeze to [informal]; hang on,
`hold on; take hold of, clasp, grasp, hug,
`embrace, clinch; stick together, hang or
`hold together; grow to, grow together; so-
`lidify,
`set, conglomerate, agglomerate,
`conglobate; congeal, coagulate, clot; clus-
`ter, mass, bunch.
`
`‘
`
`.7 be consistent 26.6, connect, connect with,
`follow; join 47.11, link up.
`.8 hold fast, stick close, stick like glue, stick
`like a wet
`shirt,
`stick closer
`than a
`brother, stick like a barnacle or limpet or
`leech, cling like ivy or a burr, hold on
`like a bulldog.
`.9 stick together, cement, bind, paste, glue,
`agglutinate,
`conglutinate,
`'gum; weld,
`fuse, solder, braze.
`
`.10 ADJS cohesive, coherent; cohering, adher—
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