IVI LLC EXHIBIT 2001
`XILINX V. IVI LLC
`Inter Partes Review Case 2013-00112
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`

`

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`-‘/-.\’-
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`Philippines Copyright 1997 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
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`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`Main entry under title:
`
`Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary. ,—— 10th ed.
`p.
`cm.
`Includes index.
`ISBN 0-87779-708~0 (unindexed : alk. paper). —— ISBN O-87779-709-9 (indexed :
`alk. paper). —- ISBN 0-87779-710-2 (deluxe : alk. paper).'— ISBN 0-87779-707-2
`(laminated cover).
`1. English language——Dictionaries.
`PEl62S.M36
`1997
`423—dc20
`
`I. Merriam-Webster, Inc.
`
`96-42529CIP
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`Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate@ Dictionary, Tenth Edition principal copyright 1993
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`COLLEGIATE is a registered trademark of Merriam-Webster. Incorporated
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`All rights reserved. No part of this book covered by the copyrights hereon may be
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`18192ORMCN97
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`

`

`little or no semantic content; most interjections express feel-
`ings but are otherwise untranslatable into meaning; and some
`other words (as oaths and honorific titles) are more amenable
`to comment than to definition:
`
`. prep .
`.
`‘of .
`reckoning
`
`.
`
`. 1 —used as a function word to indicate a point of
`
`. ——used by a court or public crier to gain
`.
`. vb imper .
`loyez . _.
`attention before a proclamation
`
`‘or.
`tive
`
`.
`
`. conj .
`
`.
`
`. 1 —~ used as a function word to indicate an altema-
`
`gol-ly .
`sir".
`.
`
`. —-— used as a mild oath or to express surprise
`.
`. interj .
`.
`. n .
`.
`. 2 2 —-—~ used as a usu. respectful form of address
`USAGE PARAGRAPHS
`Brief usage paragraphs have been placed at a number"of
`entries for terms that are considered to present problems of
`confused or disputed usage. A usage paragraph typically" sum-
`maiizes the historical background of the item and its associ-
`ated body of opinion, compares these with available evidence
`of current usage, and often adds a few words of suitable ad-
`vice for the dictionary user.
`'
`.
`Each paragraph is signaled by an indented boldface italic
`usage. Where appropriate, discussion is keyed by sense num-
`ber to the definition of the meaning in question. Most para-
`graphs incorporate appropriate verbal illustrations and illus-
`trative quotations to clarify and exemplify the points being
`made:
`
`. 1 ab_s a : to make heavy : rgunoanb : XNCREASEZ
`.
`. vt .
`.
`ag-gra-vate .
`: to make worse. more serious, or more severe : intensify unpleasantly
`<problems have been aggravated by ne lect> 3 a : to rouse to dis-
`pleasure _or anger by usu. persistent an
`often petty goading b : to
`produce inflammation in
`g
`.
`usage Although aggravate has been ‘used in sense 3a since the l7th
`century, _it has been thegobject of disapproval only since_about
`1870.
`t is used in expository prose .< when his silly conceit .
`.
`.
`about his not-very- ood early work has begun to_aggravate us
`—Wi1liam Styron > ut seems to be more common in spwch_ and
`casual writin < a qod
`rofession for_ him, because bus drivers
`et aggravate ~—Jac ie G eason (interview, l_986)> <& now this
`etter comes to a
`ravate me a thousand times worse ——Mark
`Twain (letter, 18
`> . Sense 2 is far more common. than sense 3a
`in ublished prose. Such is not the case, however, with a
`ravati'o‘n
`an
`aggravating. Aggravation is used in sense _3 somew at more
`than in its earlier senses; aggravating has practically no use other
`than to express annoyance.
`
`When a second word is also discussed in a paragraph, the
`main entry for that word is followed by a run-on usage see
`——which refers to the entry where the paragraph may be
`found:
`
`Zaf-fect .
`
`.
`
`. vb .
`
`.
`
`. usage see EFFECT
`
`Definitions
`
`
`DIVISION OF SENSES
`
`A boldface colon is used in this dictionary to introduce a
`definition:
`
`‘coo-per .
`
`.
`
`. n .
`
`.
`
`.
`
`: one that makes or ‘repairs wooden casks or tubs
`
`It is also used to separate two or more definitions of a single
`sense:
`
`un-cage .
`restraint
`
`.
`
`. vt .
`
`.
`
`.
`
`: to release from or as if from 8 cage : free from
`
`Boldface Arabic numerals separate the senses of a word
`that has more than one sense:
`
`Explanatory Notes
`. 1 : a person belonging to a primitive society 2 : a brutal
`.
`‘savage n .
`person 3 : a rude or unmannerly person
`
`19a
`
`Boldface lowercase letters separate the subsenses of .a (world:
`
`. b‘:,marked' by a_rega|
`.
`.‘«5 a : LAVISH. suwirrruous.
`.
`. adj .
`.
`‘grand .
`form and dignity c : fine or imposing in appearance or impression d
`1 LOFTY. SUBLIME
`
`Lightface numerals in parentheses indicate a further divi-
`sion of subsenses:
`I
`- ~
`.
`~
`take out .
`. .vt. . .1 a(1):DEDUCI‘.SEPARAT1-2(2) : EXCLUDE. OMIT (3)
`:wi1'HDRAw,wiTi-iHoLi)
`'
`‘
`
`A lightface colon following a definition and immediately
`preceding two or more subsenses indicates that the subsenses
`are subsumed by the preceding definition:
`
`.' 3:: a tight or critical situation: as a i a critical point in
`.
`.
`‘crunch ri
`the buildup of pressure between opposing elements .
`.
`. b : a severe
`economic squeeze.
`. .c : SHORTAGE
`‘
`
`. either of two huge coniferous California trees of
`..
`. n .
`.
`Se» uoin .
`t e bald cypress family that may reach a height of over 300 feet (90
`meters): :1 : BIG TREE Ir: REDWOOD 3a
`
`The word as may or may not follow the lightface colon. Its
`presence (as at 1crunch) indicates thatthe following subsenses
`are typical orsignificant examples. Its absence‘ (as at sequoia)
`indicates that the subsenses which follow are exhaustive.
`The system of separating the various senses of a word by
`numerals and letters is a lexical convenience. It reflects some-
`thing of their semantic relationship, but it does not evaluate
`senses or set up a hierarchy of importance among them.
`Sometimes
`a‘ particular
`semantic relationship between
`senses is suggested by theuse of one of four italic sense divid-
`ers: esp, spectf, also, or broadly.’
`'
`The sense divider esp (for especially) is used to /introduce the
`most common meaning subsumed in the more general preced-
`ing definition:
`
`Zslick adj .
`esp : WILY
`
`.
`
`. 3 a : characterized by subtlety or nimble wit : ctr-:vi=.ii;
`*
`’
`'
`
`The sense divider specif (for specifically)‘ is used to introduce
`a common but highly restricted meaning subsumed in the
`more general preceding definition:
`—
`’
`pon-tiff.
`. .n ..
`.
`. 2:BlSHOP;SpeCIf:P0l’Ev n
`
`The sense divider also is used to introduce a meaning that is
`closely related to but may be considered less important than
`the preceding sense:
`
`. 1 :«.PORCELAlN; also :, vitreous porcelain wares (as
`.
`. n .
`.
`chi-_na .
`dishes, vases, or ornaments) for domestic use
`_
`
`The ‘sense divider broadly is used toxintrodulce an extended
`or wider meaning of the preceding definition: ,
`_
`
`.
`. n ..
`.
`flot-sum’.
`: floating debns
`
`. 1 : floating wreckage of a ship or its cargo;
`‘
`'
`»
`
`'~
`
`ORDER OF SENSES
`The order of senses within an entry is historiml: the sense
`known to have been first used in}, English is entered first. This
`is not to be taken to mean, however, that’each sense of a mul-
`tisense word developed from the immediately preceding sense.
`It is altogether possible that sense 1 of a word has given‘rise
`to sense 2 and sense 2 to sense 3, but frequently sense_2 and
`sense 3 may have arisen independently,‘ofgoriepanother from
`sense 1.
`_
`c,
`When a numbered sense is further subdivided into lettered
`subsenses, the inclusion of particular subsenses within a sense
`is based upon their semantic relationship to one another, but
`their order is likewise historical: subsense la is earlier than lb,
`lb is earlier than lo, and so forth. Divisions of subsenses indi-
`cated by lightface numerals in parentheses are also in histori-
`
`

`

`. 4 also ral-lye
`.
`‘rally n .
`‘diskordisc.
`. .n. . .4. .
`
`.busudi'sc
`
`. 1 a cap
`.
`. n .
`.
`cru-ci-fix-ion.
`‘tile.
`. .n. . .lpItilesortilea. ..
`del-i~ca-tes-sen.
`. .npI. . .1. .
`.2si'ng, pl delicatessens
`fix-ing.
`. .n. . .2pl
`‘die..
`.n,pldice...ordies.
`‘folk .
`. n, pl folk or folks .
`.
`
`.
`
`,.1pldi'ce..
`. 4foIks pl
`
`.2pIdie.r...3pldies
`
`At palm the subetymology indicates that the third sense, while
`ultimately derived from the same source (Latin palma) as the
`other senses of the word, has a different immediate etymon
`(Latin palmus), from which it receives its meaning. At rally
`one is told that in the fourth sense the word has a variant
`spelling not used for other senses and that this variant is a
`secondary or less common one. At disk the italic label of sense
`4b indicates that, while the spelling disk is overall somewhat
`the more common (since it precedes disc out of alphabetical
`order at the beginning of the entry), disc is the usual spelling
`for this particular sense. At crucifixion the label cap points out
`the one meaning of the word in which it is capitalized. At the
`first homograph tile no plural is shown at the beginning of the
`entry because the usual plural, tiles, isregular. The subsenses
`of sense 1, however, have a zero plural as well as the usual
`one, and so both plurals appear in boldface at sense I. At
`delicatessen the situation is different: the entry as a whole is
`labeled a plural noun, but sense 2 is used as a singular. In this
`sense delicatessen can take the plural ending -s when needed, a
`fact that is indicated by the appearance of the plural in bold-
`face at
`the sense. At fixing the italic abbreviation simply
`means that when used in this sense the word is always written
`in its plural form, fixings. At the second homograph die the
`actual distribution of the variant plurals can be given sense by
`sense in italic type because both variants are shown in bold-
`face earlier in the entry. At the first homograph folk a singular
`noun is shown with variant plurals of nearly equal frequency,
`when all senses are taken into account. The fourth sense, how-
`ever, is unique in being always plural in form and construc-
`tion. The form of the plural for this sense is folks, as shown,
`and the placement of the form before the label instead of after
`r
`ita1(as at the senses of die) means that this sense is always plu-
`hen an italicized label or guide phrase follows a boldface
`numeral, the label or phrase applies only to that specific num-
`bered sense and its subsenses. It does not apply to any other
`boldface numbered senses:
`
`. W
`
`‘boot.
`‘fa-vor.
`
`. .n. . .1archaic..
`.3obs. ..
`.
`.2chieflydiaI.
`. .n. . .2arcliaica..
`.b(1). . .(2). .
`.3
`
`At boot the archaic label applies only to sense 1, the chiefly
`dial label only to sense 2, and the obs label only to sense 3. At
`favor the archaic label applies to all the subsenses of sense 2
`but not to sense 3.
`When an italicized label or guide phrase follows a boldface
`letter, the label or phrase applies only to that specific lettered
`sense and itssubsenses. It does not apply to any other bold-
`face lettered senses:
`
`zstour ti
`
`.
`
`.
`
`. 1 a archaic .
`
`.
`
`. b dial Brit
`
`The archaic label applies to sense la but not to sense lb. The
`dial Brit label applies to sense lb but not to sense la.
`When an italicized label or guide phrase follows a parenthe-
`sized numeral, the label or phrase applies only to that specific
`numbered sense:
`
`in-car-na-tion .
`
`.
`
`. ri
`
`.
`
`.
`
`. la (1).
`
`.
`
`. (2) cap
`
`The cap label applies to sense la(2) and to no other subsenses
`of the word.
`
`20a
`
`Explanatory Notes
`
`cal order with respect to one another. Subsenses may be out of
`historical order, however, with respect to the broader num-
`bered senses:
`
`. (ca. 1627) 1 a : a piece of work; esp : a small miscella-
`.
`. _n .
`.
`‘job .
`neous piece of work undertaken’ on order at a stated rate b : the ob-
`ect or material on which work is being done c : something produced
`y or as if _by work <do a better ~ next time> d : an example of a
`usu. specified type 1
`ITEM <this ~ is round,-necked and sleeveless
`—Lois Long>
`_a :_ something done for private advantage <sus-
`pected the whole incident was aput-up ~ > b : a_ criminal enter-
`prise; specif {ROBBERY c : a damaging or _destructive bit of work < did
`a ~ on him > 3 a,
`(1)
`: ‘something that
`‘has
`to be done
`: TASK (2 : an undertaking requiring unusual exertion <it was a real
`~ to tal over that noise_>_ b : a specific duty, role, or function e : a
`regular remunerative position if chiefly Bri_t : state of affairs —- used
`with bad or good <it was a good ~ you didn’t hit the old man ——E.
`L. Thomas >
`.
`
`At job the date indicates that the earliest unit of meaning,
`sense 1a, was born in the seventeenth century, and it is readily
`apparent how the following subsenseseare linked to it and to
`each other by the idea of work. Even subsense ld is so linked,
`because while it does not apply exclusively to manufactured
`items, it often does so, as the illustrative quotation su gests.
`Yet ld did not exist before the l920s, while 2a and 3a (1 both
`belong to the seventeenth century, although they are later
`than la. Even the very last subsense, 3d, is earlier than Id, as
`it is found in the works of Dickens.
`Historical order also determines whether transitive or in-
`transitive senses are given first at verbs which have both
`kinds. If the earliest sense is transitive, all the transitive senses
`precede all the intransitive senses.
`
`OMISSION OF A SENSE
`
`Occasionally the dictionary user, having turned to an entry,
`may not find a particular sense that was expected or hoped
`for. This usually means no more than that the editors judged
`the sense insufficiently common or otherwise important
`to
`include in a dictionary of this scope. Such a sense will fre-
`quently be found at the appropriate entry in a dictionary (as
`Webster’s Third New International Dictionary) that has room
`for less common words and meanings. One special case is
`worth noting, however.
`At times it would be possible to include the definition of a
`meaning at more than one entry (as at a simple verb and a
`verb-adverb collocation or at a verb and an adjective derived
`from a participle of that verb). To save space for other infor-
`mation such double coverage is avoided, and the meaning is
`generally defined only at the base form. For the derivative
`term the meaning is then considered to be essentially self-ex-
`planatory and is not defined. For example cast off has a sense
`“to get rid of" in such typical contexts as “cast off all re-
`straint,” and so has the simple verb cast in contexts like “cast
`all restraint to the winds.” This meaning is defined as sense
`le(2) of cast and is omitted from the entry cast off, where the
`dictionary user will find a number of senses that cannot be
`considered self-explanatory in relation to the entries for cast
`and off. Likewise, the entry for the adjective picked gives only
`one sense—~“cHoici-:,
`i>RiME”——which is not the meaning of
`picked in such a context as “the picked fruit lay stacked in
`boxes awaiting shipment.” A definition suitable for this use is
`not given at picked because one is given at the first homo-
`graph pick,
`the verb from which the adjective picked is de-
`rived, as sense 3a——“to gather by plucking.”
`
`INFORMATION AT INDIVIDUAL
`SENSES
`
`Information coming between the entry word and the first
`definition of a multisense word applies to all sensesand sub-
`senses. Information applicable only to some senses or sub-
`senses is given between the appropriate boldface numeral or
`letter and the symbolic colon. A variety of kinds of informa-
`a
`tion is offered in this way:‘
`
`1palm n .
`
`.
`
`. 3 [L palmus, fr. palma]
`
`

`

`cer 4 : a star (as the sun) of ordinary or low luminosity and relatively
`small mass and size —— dwarf-ish \'dwor-fish_\ adj — dwarf-isholy
`ness \ wor -nos
`n
`adv —.éiwal'f-isl\i-ness n — dwarf-like \'dwor-.flik\ adj ~— dwarf-
`to appear sma er or to seem in enor ~ vi’:
`to
`ome sma er
`Zdwarf vt (ca.
`ll626)
`1 :
`to resttrict the growths; STUNT X2‘ :
`to cause
`rus
`Jdwaiarf adj (1664) ofa plant :
`low-growing in habit (~er forrris of cit-
`dwarf-ism \'dwor-.fi-zarr_i\ n (1865): the condition of stunted growth
`insi ni icant, or inept person
`d_we_eb.f\'dwéb\ _n [origin unknown] (1983) slang : an unattractive,
`dwell \‘dwe1\ vi dwelled \'dweld, 'dwelt\ or dwelt \'dwelt\; dwelling
`[ME. fr. OE dwellari to _go astray, hinder; akin to OHG twellen to
`tarry] (l3c)
`1 : to remain for a time
`2
`a :
`to live as a resident
`b
`: EXlST. LIE 3
`a : to keep the attention directed —— used with an or
`upon (tried not to ~ on my fears)
`li :
`to speak or write insistently —
`— amcs
`tas —-— we -er ri
`used withAn]: 0; uprgi (lrfiering reviewers ~ed on a publicity photograph
`dwell-ing n(1f1c) : a shelter (as a house)_in which people live _
`req. 0 wine to waste away,
`r.
`,
`r.
`winan: a in to
`Vina
`dfwin-dled\'dwm-d°l\ vb dwin-dlelazélwinéilligg \-(d)li!r<_i, -d°l-li)3lq[5rob.
`ess: SHRXNK ~vt: to ma estea iy ess
`syn see DECREASE
`lo pine away, deyja to die I more DlE] vi (1596) :
`to become steadily
`DX \(.)_dé-'eks\ ri (ca. 1924) : DISTANCE —— used of long-distance radio
`transmission
`
`yarc y
`two
`d<yd- or hd);o- comb form [LL. fr. Gk, fr. dyo —-— more at Two] :
`dy.ad \'di-.ad, -9d_\ ti |iLL dyad—, dyas, fr. G_k, fr. d.yo]_(1.675)
`1 :_ PAI1_<;
`specif :. two individua s (as_ husband and wife) maintaining a sociologi-
`tion of the two omo ogous mem rs o a tetra
`: a mat cmatica
`cally significantrlelatilonship 2 : taemeilgtic chrojmcssome aftelr separai
`operator indicated by writing the symbols of two vectors without a dot
`- 1-
`9- 6 0 V
`ordcrfiss lietweien (as A8) — dy-ad-ic \di-‘a-dik\ adj — dy-ad-i-cal-ly
`a
`ition or su traction 0
`ya 5
`dgggd-ic \di-'at;dik\_n (1f8(8j4)
`a mathematical expression formed by
`Dy-ak var of DAYAK
`_
`_
`_
`power is veste in two ru ers or aut onties
`: a government
`dy-ar-c_hy \'dlj-.';ir-kE\ n.l pl -chic: (16340)
`in which
`dslffibulz (Edi-lji:2k\
`0:31) dyb-bu-‘liim \.di-la?)-;l<ém)i also dygbfulllis
`eh
`i‘
`fiq
`ca.
`9
`: a wan ering sou
`ieve
`in ewis
`o -
`lore to enter and control a living body until exorcised by a religious rite
`yemg
`: a so u e or inso u e co onng matter
`‘(lye Vdi; n [M113 ldlehe, fr. OlEmd€ahl,
`d_e'ag] (bef. 12c)
`1 : color from
`Zdye vb dyed; dye-ing vt (bef. 12c)
`I : to impart a new and often
`co or
`y
`yeing ~ing
`ue on ye ow ~ vi :
`to ta e up or impart
`pCl"|'l‘1)3I'lbel'lEjcolor t<o esp.
`irnpregr1ilatin>g with a dye 12 : to impart (a
`color in dyeing —— dye-abil-i-ty \.di-a-‘bi-lo-te\ n —— dye-able \'di-a-
`bol\ adj —— dy-er \'di(-o)r\ n
`UNCOMPROMISING a ~ conservative
`dyed-in-the-wool \.did-’n-t 9.-'W>l‘.ll\ adj (1580) : THOROUGHGOING.
`dye-stuff \'di-.stsl\ n (1837) : DYE2
`_
`.
`coloring matter is extracted or yeing
`dye-wood \-.wi‘id\ n (1699) :f a vciliood (as logwood or fustrc) from which
`dging pres part ofDIE
`1 yke chiefly Brit var_oforKE
`ldyke \'dik\ n [mi
`in unknown] (ca. 1942) : LESBXAN — often used
`disparagingly — dy _ey \'di-kE\ adj
`_
`_
`I¢fiy.3am.ic \di-'na-rrfiik\d adj [E dynagniqiljel, fri gl2t7Llyn1amlko%powerful,
`r.
`namls power,
`r. ynast ai to e a. e
`um y-nam-i-
`call \v—mi-kal\
`a z of or relating t|0(e]()1hYS1Cal force or energy db : oif or
`re atiug to dynamics
`2 a : mar
`by usu. continuous an pro uc-
`tive activity or change (a ~ city) b : ENERGETIC. EoizceFuL (a ~ per-
`sonality)
`3 of random-access memory: requiring periodic refreshment
`of charge in order to retain data —— dy-riam-i-cal-ly \-mi-k(o-)lé\ adv
`underlying cause 0 chan e or growt
`ldynamic n (1879)f
`1 : a dyriamichforce
`2 : DYNAMICS 2; also : an
`sound intensity t at can e transmitte or repro uce
`y an au io or
`dynamic range 12: (l949b: the ratio (‘iii the stro(riiges‘t1 £0 the weiakest
`broadcasting system _
`_
`.
`dy-nam-ics \di-‘mi-miks\ n pl but sing or pl in cons_zr (ca._1789)_ 1 :_ a
`branch of mechanics that deals with forces and their relation primarily
`to the motion but sometimes also to the equilibrium of bodies
`2 : a
`pattern or process of change, growth, or activity (population ~)
`3
`: variation and contrast in force or intensit
`(as in music)
`p enomena as matter or motion can e exp arm: as mam es a ions 0
`dyfina-mism(\'di-no-.mi—zom\‘ ri )(ca.
`lb857 ll
`g : a thelgr); ttllal all
`force -— compare MECHANISM b : D‘/ljlAMlCS 2
`2 : a dynamic or ex-
`pansionist quality -—- dy-na-mist \-mist\ n — dy-na-mis-tic \.di-na-
`'mis-t'k\ dj
`1 : an explosive that is made_of
`‘dy-na‘-mile \'di-no-.mit_\ n (1867)
`nitroglycerin absorbed in a porous material and that often contains
`ammonium nitrate or cellulose nitrate; also: an explosive (as a mixture
`of ammonium nitrate and nitrocellulose) that contains no nitroglycerin
`2 : one that has a powerful effect; also : something that hIas_gr_'eat po_-
`tential to cause trouble or conflict -—- dy-na-mit-xc \.dl-I19-‘ mi-tik\ adj
`2: to cause the failure or destruction o —— y-na-mi -er n
`.
`Zdynamite vt -mit-ed; -mit-mg (188l)f 1
`to blowtup with dynamite
`3dynamite adj(1940) :
`'rEiuz1i=iC.\voNoi=.iu7uL
`.
`_
`d .na.mo \'di-no-.m6\ n, pl -mos lshort for dyna_moele_ct_ric machine]
`ca. 1882) 1: GENERATOR3 2: a orceful energetic individual
`dy-na-mom-e-ter \\.di-no-‘ma-mo-tor\ n [F dynamometre, fr. Gk dyna-
`mis gowglag F -meére -meter] (18t10)f 1 : an instrumentllormelasunng
`mec am
`orce
`: an appara us or measuring rnec anica
`ower
`(as of an engine) -—- dy-iia-mo-met-ric \-mo-'me-tnk\ adj -—- dly-na-
`mom-e-try \- ma-ma-tré\ n
`dy-na-mo-tor \'di-no-.m6-tar\‘n [dynamo + motor] (1899) : a motor
`generator combining the electric motor and generator_
`_
`,
`power
`: RULER
`_
`dgl-ngft Xdi-.nast, -l'i9(Slt6\3rl)[L dynastes, fr. Gk dyriastes. fr. dyriasthaz to
`dyf-rziase-tya\Yfli-no-sté also -.nas-té, esp Brit 'di-no-sté\ n. pl -ties (Mo)
`1
`: a succesfsionl ofklulers ‘of the same lln_e of descent 1: :
`la! powerful
`group or ami y t at maintains its position or a c_orisi era c ime —
`dy-nas-tic \di-'nas-tik\ adj — dy-nas-ti-cal-ly \-ti-k(9-)lé\ adv
`
`dwarf 0 dysuria
`
`361
`
`dy~na-tron \'di-no-.tr'2in\ n [Gk dynamis power] (1918) : a vacuum
`tube in which the secondary emission of electrons from the plate results
`in a decrease in the plate current as the plate voltage increases
`dyne_ \'diri\ n [17, fr. Gk dynamis] (ca. 1873) :
`the unit of force in the
`centimeter-gram-second system equal to the force that would give a
`secon
`free ltgiss of one gram an acceleration of one centimeter per second per
`dy-ne-_in \'di-rié-in\ n [dyne (force) + -in] (1965) 2 an ATPase that is
`associated esp. with microtubules involved in the ciliary and flagellar
`movement of cells
`dy-node \'di-.n.6d\ n [Gk dynamis] (1939) : an electrode in an electron
`tube that functions to produce secondary emission of electrons
`dys- prefix [ME di‘s- bad, difficult, fr. MF & L; MF dis~. fr. L dys-, fr.
`Gk; akin to OE 16-, .te- apart, Skt dus- bad, difficult]
`I : abnormal
`(Sysp1asia>
`2 : difficult (dysphagia> -—- compare EU- 3 : impaired
`( ysfunction) 4: bad (dyslogistic) -—- compare EU-
`'
`dys-ar-thria \di-‘sar-thré-o\ n [NL, fr. dys- + artlir- + -la] (1878)
`: difficulty in articulating words due to disease of the central nervous
`system
`dys-cra-sia \dis-‘kra-zh(é-)o\ n [NL, fr. ML, bad mixture of humors,
`fr. Gk dyskrasia, fr, dy.r- + krasis mixture. fr. kerannynai to mix -—-—
`more at CRATER] (l4c) : an abnormal condition of the body and esp.
`the blood
`‘
`dys-en-ter-ic \.di-s°n-'ter-ik\ adj (1727) : of or relating to dysentery
`dys-en-tery \'di-s°n-.ter-é\ n, pl -ter-ies [ME dissenzerie,
`fr’. L dysen-
`disease characterized by severe diarrhea with passage 0 mucus and
`teria, fr. Gk, fr. dys- + enteron intestine— more at INTER-](14c)
`1 : a
`blood and usu. caused by infection 2 : DIARRHEA
`dys-func-tion \(.)dis-'f:ai3(k)-shon\ rz (ca. 1916) : impaired or abnormal
`functioning — d s-func-tion-al \-shnal, -she-n°l\ adj
`dys-gen-e-sis \(. dis-'je-no-sos\ n [NL] (ca. 1883) : defective develop-
`ment esp. of thegonads (as in Klinefelter’s syndrome)
`dys-gen-ic \(.)dis-'je-nik\ adj (1912)
`1 :
`tending to promote survival
`diseased esp. at the expense of well-adapted individuals (as the strong
`of or reproduction by less well-adapted individuals (as the weak or
`or healthy) (the ~ effect of war) 2 : biologically defective or deficient
`culty in moving, fr. dys- + -kiriesia, fr.
`iriésis motion, fr. kinein to
`dys-ki-ne-sia \.dis-ka-‘n6-zh(é-)9, -ki-\ n |i(NL, fr. Gk dyskinésia diffi-
`move — more at HIGHT] (ca. 1706) : impairment of voluntary move-
`ments resulting in fragmented or jerky motions (as in Parkinson’s dis-
`ease) -—- compare TARDIVE DYSKINESIA -— dys-ki-net-ic \-‘net-ik\ adj
`dys-lex-ia \dis-'le1<-sé-o\ n [NL, fr. dys- + Gk lexis word. speech, fr.
`legein to say —— more at LEGEND] (ca. 1888) : a disturbance of the abil-
`ity to read; broadly : disturbance of the ability to use language —— dys-
`lex~ic \-sik\ adj or n
`1812) : UNCOMPLIMENTARY-— dys- 0-gis-ti-ca -ly \-ti-k(o-)lé\ adv
`d(ys-lo-gis-tic \.dis-la-'jis-tik\ adj dys- + -10 istic (as in eulogi'stic)]
`dys-men-or-rhea \(.)dis—.me-no-‘re-o\ n [NL] (ca. 1810) : painful men-
`struation —-— dys-men-or-rhe-ic \-‘re-ik\ adj
`_
`dys-pep-sia \dis-‘pep-sho, -sé-a\ n [L, fr. Gk, fr. dys- + pepsis diges-
`tion, fr. peptein, pessein to cook, digest — more at COOK] (ca. 1706)
`1
`:
`INDIGESTION 2: ill humor: prsGi=.uNru=.Mr:Nr—dys-pep-tic \-'pep-
`tik\ adj or n — dys-pep-ti-cal-ly \-ti-k(s-)lé\ adv
`.
`dys-pha-gin \dis-‘fa-j(E-)a\ n [NL (1783) : difficulty in swallowing
`dys-pha-sin \dis-‘Fa-zh(e-)9\ n [N ] (ca. 1883) : loss of or deficiency in
`the power to use or understand language as a result of injury to or
`disease of the brain — dys-pha-sic .\- f'-zik\ n or adj
`_
`dys-phe-mism \'dis-fo-.mi-zam\ n [d1ys- + -phemism (as in euphe-
`mism)] (1884) :
`the substitution of a
`isagreeable, offensive, or dispar-
`aging expression for an agreeable or inoffensive one; also : an expres-
`sion so substituted —— dys-phe-mis-tic \.dis—fo-'mis-tik\ adj
`dys-plio-nia \dis-'f6~né-o\ n [NL] (ca. 1706) : defective use of the voice
`dys-pho-ria \dis-‘for-E:-9, -‘for-\ n [NL, fr. Gk, fr. dysphoroshard to
`bear, fr. dys- + pherein to bear —— more at BEAR] (ca. 1842) : a state of
`feeling unwell or unhap y -— dys-plior-ic \-‘for-ik, -‘far-\ adj
`dys-pla-sia \dis-'pli‘a-zh '-)o\ n [NLI] (ca. 1923) : abnormal growth or
`development (as of organs or cel s); broadly : abnormal anatomic
`structure due to such growth -— dys-plas-tic \-'plas-tik\ adj
`dys-pnea \'dis(p)-né-a\ n [L dyspnoea, fr. Gk dyspnaia, fr. dysprioos
`short of breath, fr. dys- + pnein to breathe —-— more at .sNEEZE] (ca.
`1681) 2 difficult or labored respiration — dys-pne-ic \-né-ik\ adj
`dyspnoea chiefly Brit var ofDYSPNEA
`dys-pro-si~um \dis-‘pro-zé-am, -zh(é-)om\ n [NL, fr. Gk dysprositos
`hard to get at, fr. dys- + prositos approachable. fr. prosienai to ap-
`proach, fr. pros- + ienai to go — more at ISSUE] (1886) : an element of
`the rare-earth group that forms highly magnetic compounds — see
`ELEMENT table
`(1 s-rhyth-mia \dis-‘fit -mé-a\ n [NL, fr. dys— + L rh lhmus rhythm]
`ca. 1909) : an abnormal rhythm; esp : a disordered r
`thm exhibited
`in a record of electrical activity of the brain or heart -— ys-rhyth-mic
`\-mik\ adj
`dys-t0~cia \di-'st6-sh(é-)9\ n [NL, fr. Gk dyszokia. fr. dys- + tokos
`childbirth; akin to Gk tiktein to give birth to ~ more at THANE] (ca.
`1706) : slow or difficult labor or delivery
`.
`4
`dys-to-pia \(.)dis-‘to-pé-9\ n [NL, fr. dys- + -topic (as in utopia)] (ca.
`1950)
`1 : an imaginary place where (people lead dchumanized and
`often fearful lives 2: ANTI-UTOPIA 2 —— ys-to-pi-a_n \-pé-on\ adj
`dys-tro-phic \dis-'tro-fik\ adj (1893)
`I
`a : relating to or caused by
`faulty nutrition b : relating to or affected with a dystrophy (a ~ pa-
`tient)
`2 of a lake : brownish with much dissolved humic matter, a
`sparse bottom fauna, and a high oxygen consumption
`dys-tro-phy \'dis-tra-fe\ n, pl -phies [NL dystrophia,
`fr. dys_- .+
`-trophia -trophy] (1901)
`1 : a condition produced by faulty nutrition
`2: any myogenic atrophy; esp: MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
`dys-uria \dis-‘yur-E-9, dish-\ 71 [NL fr. Gk dysouria, fr. dys- + -ouria
`-uria] (140) : difficult or painfii discharge of urine —-— compare STRAN-
`GURY
`——:.:——
`\o\ abut \’\ kitten, F table \ar\ further \a\ ash \a\ rice \‘a\ mop, mar
`\ai'i\ out
`\ch\ chin
`\e\ bet
`\E\ easy \g\ go
`\i\ hit
`\i\ ice
`\j\ job
`\1]\ sing \6\ go \é\liiw \oi\ boy \th\ thin \t11\ the \ii\ loot
`\u\ foot
`\y\ yet
`\zh\ vision \a, k, ", m, (Te, 12, E, ’\ see Guide to Pronunciation
`
`

`

`equate 0 equivalent
`392
`steadiness under strain (handled the situation with professional sang-
`froid).
`equate \i-'kwat, ‘e-.\ vb equat-ed; equat-ing [ME, fr. L aequatus. pp.
`of aequare] vt (l5c)
`l
`a : to make equal : EQUALIZE b : to make
`such an allowance or correction in as will reduce to a common stan-
`dard or obtain a correct result
`2 :
`to treat, represent, or regard as
`equal, equivalent, or comparable (~s disagreement with disloyalty) ~
`vi :
`to correspond as equal
`equa-tion \i-'kwa-zhon also -shan\ n (146)
`1
`a : the act or process of
`equating b (1) : an element affecting a process : FACTOR (2) : a
`complex of variable factors
`c : a state of being equated; specif : a
`state of close association or identification (bring governmental enter-
`prises and payment for them into immediate ~ -——R. G. Tugwe1l> 2
`a : a usu. formal statement of the equality or equivalence of mathemat-
`ical or logical expressions
`b : an expression representing a chemical
`reaction quantitatively by means of chemical symbols
`equa-tion-al \i-'kwazh-nal, -'kwa-zho-n"’l also -'kwash-\ adj (1864)
`I
`- of, using, or involving equation or equations
`2 : dividing into two
`equal parts — used esp. of the mitotic cell division usu. following re-
`duction in meiosis -— equa-tion-al-ly adv
`equation of time (1726) : the difference between apparent time and
`mean time usu. expressed as 21 correction which is to be added to appar-
`ent time to give local mean time
`equa-tor \i-'kwz“i-tar, '6-.\ n [ME, fr. ML aequator, lit., equalizer, fr. L
`aequare] ( Me)
`1 : the great circle of the celestial sphere whose plane is
`perpendicular to the axis of the earth 2 : a great circle of the earth or
`a celestial body that is everywhere equally distant from the two poles
`and divides the surface into the northern and southern hemispheres 3
`a: a circle or circular band dividing the surface of a body into two usu.
`equal and symmetrical parts b: EQUATORIAL PLANE (the ~ of a divid-
`ing cell) 4: GREATCIRCLE
`equa-to-ri-al \.é-kwc-‘tor-E-21,
`.e-kw;-, -‘tor-\ adj (1664)
`1
`ii
`: of,
`relating to, or located at the equator or an equator; also : being in the
`plane of the equator (a satellite in ~ orbit) b : of, originating in, or
`suggesting the region around the geographic equator 2 ii : being or
`having a support that includes two axles at right angles to each other
`with oneparallel to the earth’s axis of rotation (an N telescope)
`b
`: extending in a direction essentially in the plane of a cyclic structure
`(as of cyclohexane) (~ hydro ens) — compare AXlAL
`'
`equatorial plane n (ca. 1892 : the plane perpendicular to the spindle
`of a dividing cell and midway between the poles
`equatorial plate n (1887)
`1 : METAPHASE PLATE 2 : EQUATORLA1.
`PLANE
`equa-tor-ward \i-'kwa-tar-ward\ adv or adj (1875) : toward or near
`the equator (currents flowing ~) (~ winds)
`equeriry \'e-kwa-ré, i-'kwer-E\ n, pl —ries obs. escuirie, equerry stable,
`fr. MF escuirie office of a squire, stable,
`r. escuicr squire —— more at
`ESQUIRE] (1591)
`1 : an officer of a prince or noble charged with the
`care of horses
`2 : an officer of the British royal household in personal
`attendance on the sovereign or a member of the royal family
`leques-tri-an \i—'kwes-tré-an\ adj [L equestr-, requester of a horseman,
`fr. eques horseman, fr. equus horse — more at EQUINE] (ca. 1681)
`1
`a
`: of, relating to, or featuring horseback riding b archaic : riding on
`horseback : MOUNTED c : representing a person on horseback (an ~
`statue) 2: of, relating to,’ or composed of knights
`‘equestrian n (1791) : one who rides on horseback
`eques-tri-enne \i-.kwes-tré-'en\ n [lequestrian + -erme (as in tragedi-
`enne)] (ca. 1864) : a female rider on horseback
`equi- co_mb form ME, fr. MF, fr. L aequi-. fr. aequus equal] : equal
`(eqiripoise): equa ly (equiprobable)
`.
`_
`equi-an-gu-lar \.é-kwi-‘an-gy3—lor, .e-kwi-\ adj (1660) : having all or
`corresponding angles equal (mutually ~ parallelograms)
`equi-ca-lor-ic \.é-kwa-kc-'lc'>r-ik, .e-kwc-, -'l'zir—\ adj (1940) : capable of
`yielding equal amounts of energy in the body (~ diets)
`equid \' -.kwid, ‘E-\ n [NL Equidae. family name, fr. Equus, genus
`name, fr. L, horse] (ca. 1889) : any of a family (Equidae) of penssodac—
`anima s
`tyl_ malmmals consisting of the horses, asses, zebras, and extinct related
`equi-dis-taut \.E-