(12) United States Patent
`Schilit et al.
`
`111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US006670968Bl
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 6,670,968 BI
`Dec. 30, 2003
`
`(54) SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISPLAYING
`AND NAVIGATING LINKS
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: William N. Schilit, Menlo Park, CA
`(US); Jonathan James Trevor, Santa
`Clara, CA (US); Catherine Claire
`Marshall, San Francisco, CA (US);
`Elizabeth F. Churchill, San Francisco,
`CA(US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd., Tokyo (JP)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.c. 154(b) by 418 days.
`
`(21) Appi. No.: 09/612,806
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jul. 10,2000
`
`G09G 5/00; G06F 17/00
`Int. CI?
`(51)
`345/760; 345/810; 715/501.1
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`345/760, 853,
`(58) Field of Search
`345/864, 808, 810; 715/501.1, 513, 907
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`8/1999 Cardillo, IV et al.
`5,937,041 A
`1/2000 Bertram
`6,011,546 A
`6,023,701 A *
`2/2000 Malik et al.
`5/2000 Downs et al.
`6,070,176 A
`6,317,740 B1 * 11/2001 Mukherjea et al.
`6,334,145 B1 * 12/2001 Adams et al.
`6,417,873 B1 *
`7/2002 Fletcher et al.
`
`379/93.25
`345/780
`707/10
`707/513
`707/4
`709/217
`345/853
`
`OlliER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Flynn, et. aI., The Satchel System Architecture Mobile
`Access to Documents and Services, 1999, found at http://
`www.rxrc.xerox.com/publis/cam-trs/htmlliamming.htm.
`
`Eldridge, et. aI., Studies for Mobile Documents Work and
`Their Contributions to the Sachel Product, 1999, found at
`http://www.rxrc.xerox.com/publis/cam-trs/htmillam(cid:173)
`ming.htm.
`Lamming, et. aI., Satchel Providing Access to Any Docu(cid:173)
`ment, Any Time Anywhere, 1999, found at http://ww(cid:173)
`w.rxrc.xerox.com/publis/cam-trs/htmlliamming.htm.
`Robin Cover, The XML Cover Pages, Jun. 27, 2000, pp. 1-4
`of 13, found at http://www.oasis--{)pen.org/cover/wap-wm(cid:173)
`I.htm.
`* cited by examiner
`
`Primary Examiner-John Cabeca
`Assistant Examiner-Brian Detwiler
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Fliesler Dubb Meyer &
`Lovejoy LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A Web browser provides the ability to separate content and
`hyper-links from a Web page and provides a list of the links
`for viewing on a mobile device display screen, enabling
`more effective Web page navigating using the limited mobile
`device display. In addition to the links from the Web page,
`further links are created to telephone numbers, addresses,
`and other communication-related information in the Web
`page to further enhance usability of the Web page informa(cid:173)
`tion for mobile device users. Further, once a link is selected
`using the mobile device, a services portal link is provided to
`the mobile device display to provide selection of services to
`be performed on the selected link, such as faxing or printing.
`Further,
`the services are made link dependent, or user
`dependent so that specific services can be displayed depend(cid:173)
`ing on factors such as the availability of services provided
`specifically from a Web page owner for link dependent
`services, or for the location of a user relative to a printer for
`user dependent services.
`
`5 Claims, 4 Drawing Sheets
`
`E7 PUbllcatLon~
`o AddLtLonal
`~ An LnteractLve...
`01 Anchored converOJ...
`I!I Hyperte)(t Lnteract..
`~ DLt?JtrLbuted ret?Jearch
`~ Web page fLiterLng..
`l> NavLgatLon
`l> Offt?JLte
`5elect I
`
`5ervLceOJ
`
`"¢>
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 1
`
`

`
`u.s. Patent
`
`Dec. 30, 2003
`
`Sheet 1 of 4
`
`US 6,670,968 BI
`
`FIG. 1
`
`FIG. 2
`
`~ t?J Sache I Start Menus
`IEJ Hot list I
`Sachel
`OlnDOX
`OJ oMy Computer
`II::=:::J!
`CJNetwork Neighborhood
`1c:::J1 Status Ready
`
`Open
`Services
`
`Close
`
`FIG. 3
`
`~ ~ Serv ices
`LJPrint
`Sachel
`CJFax
`OJ EJEmai I
`1c::::J1
`l:JV iew
`1c=::::J1 Status Ready
`
`FIG. 4
`
`Services
`
`Close
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 2
`
`

`
`u.s. Patent
`
`1~1
`
`~::::::::::::::-.:
`
`~::::::::::::::::::
`
`Dec. 30, 2003
`
`Sheet 2 of 4
`
`US 6,670,968 BI
`
`............•.•••. ~==" ... n
`..................
`C','I\\
`..
`::::::::::::::::::
`r::z,."-uL~-=.J
`:::::~::::::::::
`FX PaloAltoLaboratory
`J400 Hillview Ave B~ 4- Palo Alto CA 94114 - 650.813.n65 rAJ: 6!j).813.7081
`is on expanding
`Incorporated in 1995, FX Polo Alto Laboratory (FXPAL)
`laboratory researching software and information techno logy for Fuj i(cid:173)
`Xerox Co., Ltd. Fuji-Xerox serves as the hub for
`the Xerox Grou~
`operations in the fast-growing Asian and Southern Pacific regions.
`Located in Silicon Volley on the Xerox Polo Alto compus, FXPAL is the
`newest member of
`the Xerox globol research communit~
`
`FXPAL's Mission
`FXPAL pions to shope the "office of
`the future" and the "document of
`the future" and provide Fuji Xerox a digital
`information technology base
`for the 21st cen tury. Th is goo I is accomp Iished through:
`• Research in care software technologies
`• Work with se lected un ivers it ies to deve lop and trans it ion
`info rma t ion techno log ies
`• Interaction with the US software industry to help tailor new
`products for FX systems and applications
`
`FIG.5A
`
`Connected
`*INDEX*
`l.+Home (fxpa I.cam)
`2. About
`3. Research
`4. Pub licat ions
`5. Conferences & ~
`6. People
`7. Employment
`8. Map
`OK
`
`V· NI:XT
`
`FIG.5B
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 3
`
`

`
`u.s. Patent
`
`Dec. 30, 2003
`
`Sheet 3 of 4
`
`US 6,670,968 BI
`
`E7 f)(pal.com
`~ (650) B13-7765
`18I FX Palo Alto Labor..
`o About
`o ReOJearch
`o PublLcatLonfJ
`o Conference",
`C> More
`[> OffCiJLtB
`Select I
`FIG.6A
`
`"¢>
`
`5ervLcetIJ
`
`E7 PubllGatlon,,'
`o AddLtLonal
`1!1 An lnteractLve...
`01 Anchored converOJ...
`II Hypertex't Lnteract..
`I!I DLOJtrLbuted re"Jearch
`~ Web page fliterLng..
`I> HavLgatLon
`I> OffDJLte
`5elect I
`
`5ervLceOJ
`
`"¢>
`
`FIG.6E
`
`SERVICES rOR
`~ J.4yperteX't lnteractLon
`revLOJLted
`60/' read
`l:i prLnt
`~ fo)(
`~ emaU thlOJ ILnk
`~ CiJend thLCiJ ILnk
`dLDJCUDJOJ
`p
`
`'¢'
`
`Select "
`FIG.6C
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 4
`
`

`
`u.s. Patent
`
`Dec. 30, 2003
`
`Sheet 4 of 4
`
`US 6,670,968 BI
`
`12
`
`Web
`Server
`
`Web
`Server
`
`18
`
`.FIG.7
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 5
`
`

`
`1
`SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISPLAYING
`AND NAVIGATING LINKS
`
`US 6,670,968 Bl
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to a method for reformatting
`information from the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) so
`that it can be more effectively used on mobile devices.
`2. Description of the Related Art
`The Internet, fueled by the popularity of the Web, has
`exhibited significant growth over the past few years. At
`present, to access the information on the Web, users typi(cid:173)
`cally use standard computer equipment, such as a home
`personal computer with a display and modem, and an
`Internet connection.
`There have been efforts to expand the number of users and
`the ease with which they access the Internet. For example,
`several companies have developed television set-top boxes
`that permit users to browse or "surf" the Internet from their
`television sets. In addition, telephone companies have joined
`with software developers to allow mobile communication
`devices such as cellular telephones, pagers, and personal
`digital assistants (PDAs-such as the 3COM Palm Pilot) to 25
`access some features of the Internet.
`Presently, several types of Internet connections are avail(cid:173)
`to use an Internet connection from
`able. For example,
`Internet Service Providers (ISPs),
`the user dials into a
`computer at the ISP's facility using a modem and standard
`telephone line. The ISP's computer in turn provides the user
`with access to the Internet. Through this Internet connection,
`the user can access information on the Web using a computer
`program called a "Web browser," such as for example the
`Netscape Navigator™ from Netscape Communications Cor(cid:173)
`poration. The Web browser is a software program that allows
`a user to view the data received from an Internet site
`location. To accomplish this, the user gives the Web browser
`a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) for an object on the
`Internet, for example, a data file containing information of
`interest. The document is referred to as a "Web page," and
`the information contained in the Web page is called content.
`Web pages often refer to other Web pages using "hypertext
`links", also referred to as "hyper-links", or simply as "links".
`The links are typically associated with words, phrases, or
`images representing the other pages in a form that gives the
`browser the URL for the corresponding Web page when the
`user selects a link.
`Links are made possible by building Web pages using a
`Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), an evolving markup
`language standard which is used to construct documents in
`a uniform, standardized format so they may be accessed by
`Web browsers and displayed for the user. HTML is an ASCII
`text-based markup language which defines page or frame
`formats used to display the HTML elements. To provide the
`hypertext linking, most documents contain "anchor" words,
`phrases or images. The anchors serve as visible starting
`points for links. The anchor, or the HTML<A>element,
`includes a URL that uniquely identifies the endpoint of the
`link, or the destination document or Web page that will be
`activated when the link is selected.
`Once the user selects a URL for a site either directly or
`through a link, the URL can be used to identify a specific
`host computer on the Internet called a "Web Server," along
`with a location of the Web page located on the Web Server.
`The Web browser retrieves the Web page and displays it for
`the user.
`
`2
`Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a common net(cid:173)
`work protocol used by the browser to access and link users
`with various other Web pages or sites referenced by the
`original Web page. HTTP requires a program running on the
`5 host computer that understands and responds to the protocol
`or formatting of the link's content. The file retrieved might
`be, for example, an HTML file, a graphics file, a sound file,
`a PowerPoint™ file, or a word processing file. Whether the
`file can be retrieved or handled depends on the features and
`10 capabilities of the browser.
`When a browser requests a specific URL, it sends the
`request to the Web server. The Web server receives the
`request and attempts to fill it. There are several ways the user
`requests can be filled. For example, Web servers can trans-
`15 late a request such as ..http://www.recipes.com/recipes/
`soup.htm" into a search for a physical file on that server. It
`would start from the base category for the domain and then
`apply the path that was requested. In this example, the Web
`server would look for a category called "recipes" and then
`20 look for a file called "soup.htm" within that category. If the
`file was found it would be passed back, without
`modification, to the requesting browser. In this way, the URL
`can be thought of as a specific file sitting on a server, or host
`computer.
`HTML can be translated from other standard generalized
`markup languages, such as Wireless Markup Language
`(WML). WML was developed by the Wireless Application
`Protocol (WAP) Forum, which was founded by Ericsson,
`Motorola, Nokia and Unwired Planet. WML was developed
`30 as a global wireless protocol specification intended for use
`in specifying content and user interface for narrowband
`devices, including cellular telephones and pagers, to allow
`users mobile access to the resources of the Internet. WML is
`based on XML (extensible Markup Language).
`While computer terminals and other devices that are
`configured to receive HTTP signals and HTML files may
`utilize the above methods to access and view the Internet
`data, the display capabilities for on screen-display mobile
`40 devices, such as cellular phones, allow only a limited view
`of the HTML files.
`Recently systems have been developed to make browsing
`the Web more feasible for handheld devices. One such
`system, referred to as "Satchel", was disclosed by employ-
`45 ees of Xerox Research Center Europe. See, Mike Flynn, et
`aI., "The Satchel System Architecture: Mobile Access to
`Documents and Services", Mobile Networks & Applications,
`Vol. 5, Issue 4, pp. 243-258, December 2000. The Satchel
`Browser provides the ability to browse categories for docu-
`50 ments and also provides the ability to invoke services, such
`as printing, or faxing, once the document has been retrieved.
`The Satchel Browser typically displays categories, rather
`than the text of documents themselves because of limits of
`transmission bandwidth, storage requirements, screen size
`55 and resolution on mobile handheld devices. For example,
`with a pager-type mobile device which has a two line screen,
`as illustrated in FIG. 1, displaying an entire Web page would
`not be desirable. A mobile device with a larger display and
`capabilities, such as the Nokia 9000 Communicator shown
`60 in FIG. 2, makes viewing larger blocks of text possible, but
`a display which includes four to six lines as opposed to two
`still is not a desirable viewing area for an entire Web page.
`FIG. 3 illustrates how Satchel operates to provide a
`category of documents to the display of the Nokia 9000
`65 Communicator, shown in FIG. 2. Upon turning on the
`mobile device the Satchel start menu is activated to allow a
`series of user selected categories to be displayed. One of the
`
`35
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 6
`
`

`
`US 6,670,968 Bl
`
`3
`categories can then be selected by the user and opened by
`selecting the "Open" command to provide a display of the
`contents of the category. To return to the previous category,
`a user selects the "Close" command. The contents of a
`category may be files, or links which can be used to identify
`documents in a single line.
`Once a document is selected, the "Services" command
`can be selected to provide a list of services which can be
`performed for any file identified. An example of the services
`provided is illustrated in FIG. 4. As shown, once the file is
`opened, it can be printed, faxed or emailed by selecting one
`of items shown. Viewing is also made available, but upon
`selecting viewing the content of the file is provided in a
`linear manner to the limited sized screen for the user a line
`at a time. With the limited viewing area, it is expected that
`the user would prefer to use one of the other services to
`obtain the contents of the file rather than viewing.
`The Satchel system uses a format termed Halibut which is
`translated from HTML. The Halibut translation does not
`allow large images, movies, or other non-HTML files to be
`transmitted over the low-bandwidth link to the mobile
`device.
`the documents provided for selection in the
`Further,
`Satchel system are predefined by a user and stored in a
`category structure in a system repository. In creating selec(cid:173)
`tion list of links for documents, this predefined category
`It is a
`structure within the Satchel repository is used.
`disadvantage of the system that
`the user is required to
`pre-define a category structure and select from this structure
`instead of navigating the hyperlink structure already con- 30
`tained in the hypertext content. Moreover, if the user wishes
`to find document B that is linked within document A, then
`the user must read through document A's content on a small
`display until the link comes into view. In this way, the Web
`page content itself provides a hindrance for the user in
`making a quick link selection on a mobile display.
`Another system for providing Web access for handheld
`devices is Mobile Google. Mobile Google uses a search
`engine to address the problem of link selection. The user
`enters a search term and the system presents a search result
`list of links to Web pages. A link from the list can be selected
`whereupon the Web page content is displayed in a linear
`manner according to the constraints of the limited sized
`screen. Again, the amount of text in a Web page leads to
`viewing a few lines at a time on mobile devices, and makes
`selecting a link within the page difficult. Further, a disad(cid:173)
`vantage of this and other search-based techniques is that in
`order to obtain a short list of precise results the user must
`enter many terms on a device where input is difficult.
`Systems such as Mobile Google and Satchel provide a
`mechanism for mobile e-commerce (or m-commerce) in that
`they let users select a bit of content from a mobile device.
`However, the disadvantage of these and other current sys(cid:173)
`tems is that selection of the content
`is constrained to
`predefined lists or large numbers of search results.
`In
`addition, the services or operations permitted for either the
`Satchel system or Mobile Google are limited.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`In accordance with the present invention, to overcome the
`disadvantages described, it was first recognized that users
`access Web pages on a mobile device in a modal manner(cid:173)
`either the user wishes to perform some service on content
`(such as viewing the content itself), or the user is looking to
`select a particular hyper-link provided within the content.
`In accordance with the present invention a method for
`m-commerce is provided which separates hyper-links from
`
`65
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`Further details of the present invention are explained with
`the help of the attached drawings in which:
`
`5
`
`4
`content of a Web page. The separated hyper-links are then
`used to provide a category of items for selection on a mobile
`device display. The list of links provides for more accessible
`selecting on a mobile device display than a linear stream of
`the lines of an entire Web page. The links displayed on the
`mobile device are further organized to distinguish offsite
`links which are less likely desired for viewing. Further,
`duplicate links are removed to limit the number of items for
`display. Although some links are identified by images in a
`10 Web page, steps are taken, such as using the ALT code or the
`URL name to provide a label for displaying on the mobile
`device display.
`In addition to the hyper-links in the Web page, in accor(cid:173)
`dance with the present invention data detection is provided
`to parse through the Web page and create new links to
`15 further improve accessibility for mobile users. Since the
`mobile device used typically provides telephone access, new
`links are provided for telephone numbers identified within
`the Web page. The telephone number links are provided to
`the mobile device display along with the hyper-links from
`20 the Web page, and the telephone number links may be
`accessed to dial the listed number. Further, since mobile(cid:173)
`device users may desire map locations for an address, new
`links to addresses within the Web page are provided to the
`display. The addresses may be accessed along with a map for
`25 locating the address for the users convenience. Further, since
`email capability is typically provided on a mobile device,
`new links to email addresses within the Web page are
`identified and provided to the display along with hyper-links
`from the Web page.
`Further, in accordance with the present invention, a ser-
`vices portal is provided once a link from the mobile-device
`display is selected. The service portal presents a list of
`services that can be performed on the selected link's docu(cid:173)
`ment of the link itself. The services list includes actions such
`as faxing, printing, mailing, and viewing.
`An important aspect of the service portal is that it allows
`a number of stake-holders, such as users and content
`providers, to dynamically contribute to the items shown in
`the services list. A number of databases of services are
`accessed when the services portal is selected so that like-
`40 dependent, user-dependent, and content-provider-dependent
`services can be provided. For example, when a user goes to
`a Web site that sells books and selects a link to a Web page
`that describes a book, the site may insert a special item in the
`services menu for ordering the book. The Web site owner
`45 can offer additional services for their own content by storing
`a publically readable database of services with an agreed
`upon name within their Web server that is aggregated by the
`services portal. Further,
`link dependent services may be
`provided depending on the format of the link, such as if the
`50 document linked is provided in WordPerfect™ or Power(cid:173)
`Point™ point format.
`In another aspect of the present invention, the services
`portal enables a dynamic contribution to the items in the
`services list dependent on the specific user. To provide such
`55 user dependent services,
`the services portal can monitor
`selections of specific users so that user service preferences
`can be provided with links dependent on the user's prefer(cid:173)
`ences. Further, the user location can be monitored to provide
`links to services which are conveniently close by, such as the
`60 nearest print service. Further, the type of mobile device a
`user is operating, such as a mobile phone or laptop, can be
`monitored to provide services specifically for the mobile
`device type.
`
`35
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 7
`
`

`
`US 6,670,968 Bl
`
`5
`FIG. 1 shows a pager-type mobile device with a two line
`display screen;
`FIG. 2 shows a Nokia 9000 Communicator;
`FIG. 3 shows how a Satchel Browser program operates to
`provide a category of documents to the display of the Nokia 5
`9000 Communicator;
`FIG. 4 shows an example of services provided by the
`Satchel Browser;
`FIG. 5Ashows contents and links provided in the FXPAL
`Web page;
`FIG. 5B shows how links are provided from the FXPAL
`Web page in an index list on a Sprint PCS mobile phone in
`accordance with the present invention;
`FIG. 6A shows an alternative embodiment for displaying
`links from the FXPAL Web page with links reorganized for
`better viewer accessability, and new links for a telephone
`number and an address provided;
`FIG. 6B shows links provided after selection of the
`publications link in FIG. 6A;
`FIG. 6C shows services available for the "Hypertext
`interact ... " publication link from FIG. 6B; and
`FIG. 7 shows components for a system architecture in
`accordance with the present invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`I. Overview
`
`6
`FIG. 5B in the order they are provided on the Web page,
`although the links can be reordered as described in more
`detail in sections to follow.
`A. Using Document Structure to Organize Links
`As indicated with respect to FIG. 5B, the links in one
`embodiment are provided to the mobile display in the order
`they are found in the Web site. In an alternative embodiment,
`links can be organized for display on the mobile device
`based on other aspects of the structure of the document. For
`10 example, in one embodiment, organization of the links is
`reconfigured so that
`links with the most duplicates are
`displayed on the mobile device display first. In another
`embodiment, links which have a larger size are displayed
`first. In another embodiment, links which identify docu-
`15 ments with the largest content are displayed first.
`B. Placing Links In Categories
`FIGS. 6A-6C shows an embodiment of m-link which
`organizes links by putting less desirable links in categories.
`In FIG. 6A, links which refer to documents offsite from the
`20 FXPAL Web page are provided in a category labeled
`"Offsite", while links from the FXPAL Web site which refer
`to contents within the FXPAL Web page itself are still
`displayed. It is anticipated that the offsite documents will be
`less desirable for viewing because if the user has selected the
`25 FXPAL Web site, the user is likely to be seeking information
`from within the Web page, rather than offsite links. Further
`in FIG. 6A, only a number of the links which are onsite are
`listed, and a category labeled "More" is provided for access(cid:173)
`ing the remaining links. FIG. 6A further shows how that
`30 m-link has been configured to provide select and services
`key selections for the PCS phone display, and that a user has
`navigated to the "publications" category. The "publications"
`category provides access to another set of links to specific
`publications authored by employees of FXPAL.
`FIG. 6B shows the mobile phone display when the
`"publications" category has been navigated to, as in FIG.
`6A, and the "select" key depressed. As in FIG. 6A, in FIG.
`6B a number of links are provided to publications which are
`offsite from the FXPAL Web page, and these links are stored
`40 in an a category labeled "Offsite", similar to offsite links
`from the display list in FIG. 6A. Further, a link labeled
`"Navigation" is provided in the display in FIG. 6B to enable
`a user to return to the previous list of links in FIG. 6A. FIG.
`6B further illustrates that
`the user has navigated to the
`45 publication document identified by the link labeled "Hyper(cid:173)
`text interact ... " Additional links to other publications, such
`as the link labeled "An interactive ... " and "Anchored
`convers ... " are further provided.
`C. User Control of Link List Organization
`M-links can be set to allow user control of the organiza-
`tion of links displayed to a mobile device. In a setup menu
`for the mobile device, the user can control selection of the
`link organization, such as if links are displayed in the order
`they are found in a Web page, if they are displayed in order
`55 of the size of the links, in an alphabetical order, or otherwise.
`The user can also select whether offsite links are simply
`listed or provided in a separate category. Further, the user
`can select if links which cannot be displayed on one display
`are placed in a separate "more" category, or if the user
`60 wishes to scroll down through the links to bring the links up
`on the display.
`M-links can also be set to allow a user to constrain the
`type of links displayed. For example, the user can limit the
`type of links listed to one or more specific types, such as
`65 WordPerfect™ documents, or PowerPoint™ documents.
`The user can set the constraints in either a setup menu or
`with a constraint supplied when the link is selected.
`
`The present invention provides a Web Browser, referred
`to herein as "m-link", which converts HlML documents for
`displaying on a mobile display. The m-link program
`accesses a server to retrieve a document as identified by a
`user-selected URL. The document received from the server
`is then parsed and hyper-links provided in the document are 35
`separated from the content. The hyper-links are processed,
`re-organized, and provided for display on the mobile device.
`In addition to the hyper-links, m-link can search through
`the content and create links where hyper-links were not
`provided within the Web page. For example,
`telephone
`numbers can be displayed as links, since a mobile device
`typically offers telephone capabilities. The telephone num(cid:173)
`ber link is configured so that when it
`is selected,
`the
`telephone number is dialed.
`Once the links are displayed, the mobile-device keypad
`can then be used to navigate to and select one of the
`displayed links. A list of situation, or context-appropriate
`services, such as printing or faxing, is then provided to the
`mobile device display after a link is selected enabling a 50
`service selected from a list to be performed on the selected
`link.
`
`II. Separation of Links from Content
`
`FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate how m-link can separate and
`display links from the Web page with the URL identification
`..www.fxpal.com... The Web page is provided for the Fuji(cid:173)
`Xerox (FX) Palo Alto Laboratory in Palo Alto, Calif. FIG.
`5A shows contents and links provided in the FXPAL Web
`page. FIG. 5B shows how links are provided from the
`FXPAL Web page in an index list on a Sprint PCS mobile
`phone. The keypad of the cellular phone can be used to
`select a desired link for services to be performed. Only a
`limited number of the links from the FXPAL Web page of
`FIG. 5A are listed on the PCS phone display in FIG. 5B, so
`the keypad of the PCS phone must be used to scroll down to
`find a desired link. The links are provided to the display in
`
`Oracle Exhibit 1003, pg 8
`
`

`
`US 6,670,968 Bl
`
`8
`particularly relevant for mobile displays, for example tele(cid:173)
`phone numbers for mobile phone displays as described in
`more detail below.
`A first link created from Web page data, as illustrated in
`5 FIG. 6A, is the telephone number for the operator at FXPAL
`identified in the FXPAL Web page. Since a mobile device
`typically provides telephone capabilities, one of the features
`of a Web page a user typically looks for is telephone
`numbers. As indicated previously, because of the limited
`10 display size on mobile devices, a user will not typically want
`to view the entire content of a Web page. To make the link
`listing more accommodating to a mobile user,
`in one
`embodiment m-link searches through the content of the Web
`page to identify telephone numbers. Links are provided for
`15 the identified telephone numbers and listed on the mobile
`device display as shown in FIG. 6A. The link for the
`telephone number display is configured by m-link so that
`when the link is selected the telephone number is dialed. The
`telephone number link is provided as the first link because
`20 it is likely a more desirable link to be accessed by a user of
`a mobile device.
`A second link shown created in FIG. 6Ais the address for
`FXPAL which is the link identified by the label "FX Palo
`Alto Labor ... ". In addition to the telephone number, a
`25 mobile device user will likely find addresses in the Web page
`desirable so that a map to the address can be displayed for
`the address location where the user may wish to travel. Thus,
`in one embodiment m-link parses through the content of the
`Web page to identify addresses. Links are provided for the
`30 identified addresses and listed after telephone numbers on
`the mobile device display, as illustrated by the link labeled
`"FX Palo Alto Labor ... ," in FIG. 6A. Once this link is
`selected, the FXPAL address is displayed. Services may then
`be selected for
`the address including providing a map
`35 locating the address.
`A third link which can be detected from content data is
`email addresses. Particularly with mobile telephones, PDAs
`and pagers now offering email capabilities, a user may be
`40 linking to a Web page to identify an email address for a
`company or individual listed in the Web page for contacting.
`An email link in particular makes sense when a Web page is
`accessed from devices such as two-way pagers. Much like a
`telephone number is the most desired item for communica-
`45 tion when the user is browsing the Web from a mobile
`phone, email in many instances can be the most desired form
`of communication when the user is browsing the Web using
`a two-way pager.
`
`7
`User past behavior can also be used to control the orga(cid:173)
`nization of links on a mobile device display. Studies have
`shown that it is likely that a user will follow much of the
`same path over and over again when navigating and opening
`links. Accordingly, m-links can be organized so that the links
`are organized for display with the links most previously
`accessed displayed first. Thus, if the server end recognizes
`that one of the on-site links it has extracted is one that the
`user followed before or followed recently, it can place it at
`or near the top of the list of links for a page. The number of
`times a user has navigated to a link, as opposed to how
`recently individual links were accessed, can further be used
`to determine the organization of links for display.
`D. Listing Links from Multiple Documents
`M-link in one embodiment can be configured to identify
`links in more than one document, and then include the links
`all in one list for displaying. The multiple documents can be
`identified from multiple user link inputs. M-link can also be
`configured so that the documents are all identified from links
`identified in one document identified by a user. M-links can
`also be configured so that all documents at a site identified
`by the user are used. For example, a user may wish to
`identify all WordPerfect™ files at a site identified by the
`user. Thus, m-link would access the Web page identified by
`the user, identify all the links and list all links in a Word(cid:173)
`Perfect™ format. M-links would then further access each of
`the links from the Web page separately and identify all the
`WordPerfect™ format files found in those documents. All of
`the WordPerfect™ file links would then be provided as a list
`on a mobile device display.
`E. Labeling Links
`Links can be provided in a Web page either as images or
`text. For text, a link label for providing to a mobile display
`can be easily obtained using the anchor text, or a portion of
`the anchor text if the phrase associated with the anchor is too
`long to display in its entirety on a mobile device. For images,
`a link label must be determined.
`To determine a label for an image, the ALT, or alternative
`identification provided with the link can be used as a label.
`The ALT label is used when, for instance, a user is blind and
`the link must be audibly expressed to the user, or when the
`image for one reason or another cannot be retrieved or
`displayed. But, some programmers do not put in an ALT
`field label for an ima