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` UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
` _____________________
`
` BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
` _____________________
`
` UNITED SERVICES AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION,
`
` Petitioner,
`
` v.
`
` NADER ASGHARI-KAMRANI AND KAMRAN ASGHARI-KAMRANI,
`
` Patent Owners.
`
` _____________________
`
` Case CBM2016-00064
`
` Case CBM2016-00063
`
` Patent 8,266,432
`
` DEPOSITION OF SETH NIELSON, PH.D.
`
` March 28, 2017
`
` Deposition of SETH NIELSON, PH.D., held at
`
`the offices of Fish & Richardson, P.C., 1425 K
`
`Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C., commencing at
`
`9:23 a.m., Tuesday, March 28, 2017, before KAREN
`
`YOUNG, Notary Public.
`
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 2
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` A P P E A R A N C E S O F C O U N S E L
`
`FOR UNITED SERVICES AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION:
`
` FISH & RICHARDSON P.C.
` BY: TIMOTHY W. RIFFE, ESQUIRE
` BRIAN J. GOLDBERG, ESQUIRE
` THOMAS A. ROZYLOWICZ, ESQUIRE
` 1425 K Street, Northwest
` 11th Floor
` Washington, D.C. 20005
` bgoldberg@fr.com
` riffe@fr.com
` (202) 783-5070
`
`
`FOR THE PATENT OWNER:
`
` NOVICK, KIM & LEE, PLLC
` BY: STEVE JAE YOUN KIM, ESQUIRE
` 3251 Old Lee Highway, Suite 404
` Fairfax, Virginia 22030
` skim@nkllaw.com
` (703) 745-5495
`
` MH2 TECHNOLOGY LAW GROUP
` BY: STEVEN ASHBURN, ESQUIRE
` 1951 Kidwell Drive, Suite 550
` Tysons Corner, Virginia 22182
` sashburn@mh2law.com
` (703) 917-0000
`
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 3
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` C O N T E N T S
`
`WITNESS: SETH NIELSON, PH.D.
`
`EXAMINATION: PAGE
`
` By Mr. Ashburn............................. 5
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` By Mr. Riffe............................... 146
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`KAMRANI 2014
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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` DEPOSITION EXHIBITS
`
` SETH NIELSON, PH.D.
`
`NUMBER DESCRIPTION IDENTIFIED
`
`Exhibit 1 Declaration of Seth Nielson, Ph.D.......... 12
`
`Exhibit 2 Patent Owners Response, Case CBM2016-00063. 21
`
`Exhibit 3 Certificate of Correction.................. 31
`
`Exhibit 4 U.S. Patent No. 7,356,837.................. 36
`
`Exhibit 5 U.S. Patent No. 8,266,432.................. 36
`
`Exhibit 6 Section 2151 from MPEP..................... 51
`
`Exhibit 7 U.S. Patent No. 8,281,129.................. 71
`
`Exhibit 8 U.S. Patent No. 7,444,676.................. 107
`
`Exhibit 9 Declaration of Dr. Alfred C. Weaver........ 109
`
`Exhibit 10 Patent Owners Response, CBM2016-00064...... 145
`
` ******
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`KAMRANI 2014
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`Page 5
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` P R O C E E D I N G S
`
` - - -
`
` SETH NIELSON, PH.D.,
`
` having been first duly sworn by
`
` Karen Young, a Notary Public
`
` within and for the District of
`
` Columbia, was examined and testified as
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` follows:
`
` - - -
`
` MR. ASHBURN: Should we do introductions?
`
`I can start for us. So for the patent owner, I am
`
`Steven Ashburn of MH2 Law, and I am backup counsel.
`
` MR. KIM: My name is Steve Jae Youn Kim
`
`from Novick, Kim & Lee. I'm the lead counsel.
`
` MR. RIFFE: Tim Riffe with Fish &
`
`Richardson. With me is Brian Goldberg, also of Fish
`
`& Richardson, and Thomas Rozylowicz of Fish &
`
`Richardson on behalf of USAA.
`
` EXAMINATION BY COUNSEL FOR THE PATENT OWNERS
`
` BY MR. ASHBURN:
`
` Q. Okay, so to kick off, just for the record,
`
`I think we both -- we all realize that this
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 6
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`deposition is applicable to both CBMs, CBM2016-00063
`
`and CBM2016-00064. So good morning, Dr. Nielson.
`
` A. Good morning.
`
` Q. Can you please state your home address for
`
`the record?
`
` A. 12210 Woodelves Drive, Owings Mills,
`
`Maryland 21117.
`
` Q. And could you please state your work
`
`address for the record?
`
` A. So I have work at Crimson Vista, which is
`
`also my home address, and then at Johns Hopkins
`
`University. I believe that the address for the
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`university is 3500 North Charles Street in Baltimore.
`
`I don't remember the zip code off the top of my head.
`
` Q. And are you employed at John Hopkins
`
`Information Security Institute?
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. Do you understand that you've just taken an
`
`oath as if you were testifying in a court of law?
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. Is there any reason that you cannot give
`
`truthful or accurate testimony today?
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 7
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` A. No.
`
` Q. Do you have any medical conditions which we
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`might need to be made aware of?
`
` A. No.
`
` Q. So turning to your C.V., what percentage of
`
`your overall personal income comes from serving as an
`
`expert witness in legal proceedings such as this one?
`
` A. I don't know exactly.
`
` Q. Can you give me an estimate?
`
` A. I would estimate that it is probably -- my
`
`best estimate is maybe two thirds.
`
` Q. Okay. Could you please tell me who first
`
`contacted you for engagement in this matter?
`
` A. I don't remember. It's been over a year.
`
`I'm not sure.
`
` Q. Was it one of the folks from Fish &
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`Richardson?
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. Do you have a main point of contact at Fish
`
`& Richardson?
`
` A. I would say that Tom Rozylowicz is probably
`
`my main point of contact.
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 8
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` Q. Is there anyone else you work closely with
`
`on these CBMs?
`
` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
`
` A. I have also worked closely with Brian
`
`Goldberg.
`
` Q. Do you or your family have any financial
`
`ties or fiscal interests in USAA?
`
` A. No.
`
` Q. And can you tell me, about how much time
`
`did you spend preparing for this deposition?
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` A. Specifically preparing for this deposition,
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`I put in some hours on Saturday reviewing my
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`declarations that I've submitted, and some hours
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`yesterday doing the same.
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` Q. During that time, did you consider any
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`materials that aren't listed in your materials
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`considered and your declaration?
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` A. No.
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` Q. And during the time that you spent
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`preparing, did you spend all of that time working
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`with petitioner's counsel?
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` A. No, some of the time I was by myself.
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`Page 9
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` Q. So about how much time did you spend with
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`petitioner's counsel?
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` A. I would say about five hours.
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` Q. So just kicking off into the matters at
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`hand, I just want to lay out some terms before we get
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`started so we can have a common glossary to work
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`with. Especially with patents, there's always some
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`terms of art that we tend to throw around that I'd
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`like to make sure that I don't mix them up and that
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`we're on the same page when we talk. So in these
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`CBMs, do you understand when I say patent owners, I
`
`mean the Asghari-Kamranis and -- who comprise Nader
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`Asghari-Kamrani and Kamran Asghari-Kamrani? Do you
`
`understand that?
`
` A. That is my understanding as well.
`
` Q. Okay. And when I refer to the petitioner,
`
`I'm referring to United States Automobile
`
`Association, Inc., or for short USAA.
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. As for the patents, I am going to refer to
`
`U.S. patent number 8,266,432 as the '432 patent.
`
` A. Yes.
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 10
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` Q. U.S. patent number 7,444,676 as the '676
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`patent.
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. U.S. patent number 8,281,129 as the '129
`
`patent.
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. And U.S. patent number 7,356,837 as the
`
`'837 patent.
`
` A. Yes. Let me add, I don't remember the full
`
`numbers --
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` Q. Okay.
`
` A. -- from the top of my head, but assuming
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`those are the correct numbers, I agree with those
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`shortening of the terms.
`
` Q. So for another shortcut, we often
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`throughout this matter have referred to the '676
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`patent and the '129 patent and the '837 patent
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`numbers by their patent numbers as opposed to their
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`application numbers. Do you understand that the '676
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`patent corresponds to U.S. application number
`
`11/239,046?
`
` A. I have to double-check my report, but I
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`Page 11
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`understand the concept of the patent application and
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`the patent and where they're the same or different.
`
` Q. Sure. For the record, I'm going to go
`
`through it and that way we'll have it all down.
`
` A. Sure.
`
` Q. And for the '129 patent, it -- we're going
`
`to refer to that as opposed to application number
`
`11/333,400. Do you understand?
`
` A. Yes, with the same caveats.
`
` Q. And for the '837 patent, we're going to
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`refer to that as opposed to U.S. patent application
`
`number 09/940,635. Understood?
`
` A. Sure.
`
` Q. All right, still referring to our glossary,
`
`in this case when I say CBM review or CBMs, I'm
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`referring to a covered business method review.
`
`Understood?
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. And when I say "these CBMs," I'm referring
`
`to CBM2016-00063 and CBM2016-00064.
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. And we also toss around the term, a person
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 12
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`having ordinary skill in the art. We often shortcut
`
`to save words as a POSITA, and also sometimes as one
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`of ordinary skill in the art.
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. And I will tend to interchange those
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`because I refer to one of ordinary skill in the art
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`but the rest of the world does not. All right, we're
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`going to start off and I'm going to give the court
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`reporter a document that's going to be marked as
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`Nielson Exhibit Number 1. It's also identified as
`
`USAA document 1054 in this CBM.
`
` - - -
`
` (A document was marked as Deposition
`
`Exhibit Number 1.)
`
` - - -
`
` MR. ASHBURN: Would you guys like a copy?
`
` MR. RIFFE: Thanks.
`
` THE WITNESS: Thank you.
`
` BY MR. ASHBURN:
`
` Q. Do you recognize the document I just handed
`
`you?
`
` A. Yes.
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`Page 13
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` Q. And at face value, it's a copy of your
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`declaration?
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` A. It is a copy of the declaration that I
`
`submitted on February 21st, 2017.
`
` Q. Thank you. So I'm going to refer to this
`
`document as your declaration or the Nielson
`
`declaration. Understood?
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. Did you work on your declaration alone?
`
` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
`
` A. What do you mean, work on and alone?
`
` Q. As you typed up your declaration, did you
`
`have a attorney present with you?
`
` A. While I was typing it up, no.
`
` Q. Did anyone help you write your declaration
`
`as far as the contents?
`
` A. So there were certainly sections where I
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`had some input from counsel, especially, for example,
`
`in the sections where there were legal standards, as
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`well as feedback or input that I incorporated when it
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`was consistent with my opinion.
`
` Q. At any time did someone send you text and
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`Page 14
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`you just incorporated it word for word?
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` A. No.
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` Q. Were there any instances where you received
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`a message like an e-mail and cut and pasted into your
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`document?
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` A. No.
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` Q. Who prepared the first draft of your
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`declaration?
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` A. I did.
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` Q. After your first draft, did you contact
`
`anyone for assistance?
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
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` A. I had my drafts reviewed by counsel to get
`
`feedback.
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` Q. So when you take the entire 52 pages of
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`your declaration, can you give me an estimate of how
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`much was your original text as opposed to what was
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`provided to you by counsel?
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
`
` A. So there's no part of my document that is
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`just provided to me by counsel. To the extent that
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`there was feedback that I incorporated that was
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`KAMRANI 2014
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`Page 15
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`additioned -- in addition to my first draft, I'm not
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`sure what the percentage is.
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` Q. So your declaration is applicable to both
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`CBMs, correct?
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` A. That is my understanding.
`
` Q. If you look at page 1 in the lower
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`right-hand corner, there's a mark, a water mark that
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`says USAA versus Asghari-Kamrani, CBM2016 tack 00063
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`and CBM2016 tack 00064; is that correct?
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` A. Yes.
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` Q. If you turn to page 2 -- page 2 to 3, your
`
`paragraph number 5, there is a -- that encompasses a
`
`section entitled "Materials Considered," correct?
`
` A. Yes.
`
` Q. So please look at that list and tell me,
`
`outside of that information that's listed, whether
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`there's anything that you consider that's not
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`included in that list.
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` A. So in the paragraph that precedes it, it
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`also mentions that this is in addition to materials I
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`cite in my declaration.
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` Q. Okay.
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`Page 16
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` A. So all of the materials considered would be
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`things cited and these.
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` Q. So looking at page 3 of your materials
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`considered, you indicate that you considered patent
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`owners' response, paper 22, correct?
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` A. Yes.
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` Q. Are you aware that patent owner filed two
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`patent owner responses in these CBMs?
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` A. So unless it's -- without looking through
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`my declaration, I'm not sure, but as I sit here, I'm
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`not sure. If it is not cited or not included here,
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`then this is the only one that I reviewed.
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` Q. So then it would be my understanding that
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`these CBMs involve two CBMs, and patent owner filed
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`patent owner responses in both CBMs, and as far as
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`you can remember, you only considered one of the
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`responses; is that correct?
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
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` A. So the primary focus that I took in this
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`document was to respond to the report of Dr. Weaver,
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`and I felt that I had sufficient analysis to do so.
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` Q. Why did you focus on Dr. Weaver and not
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 17
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`patent owner responses?
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` A. So I was -- so part of my answer to that is
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`that I was asked to evaluate Dr. Weaver's report, and
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`so this is an opinion I was asked to -- this is what
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`I was asked to opine about, and that is also what I
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`understood this declaration to be focused on, is a
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`rebuttal declaration to that expert report primarily.
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` Q. Do you recall who scoped out that task for
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`you, which of the attorneys at Fish & Richardson?
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` A. No.
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
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` THE WITNESS: Sorry.
`
` BY MR. ASHBURN:
`
` Q. Were you told not to consider certain
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`materials?
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` A. No.
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` Q. Did you choose not to consider certain
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`materials?
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` A. No.
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` Q. So again, the patent owner filed two patent
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`owner responses, one in each CBM, and you considered
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`one of them. Do you know which one you considered?
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 18
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`Did you consider the one from CBM2016 tack 0063 or
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`the one from tack 0064?
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` A. Without looking at the one that is cited in
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`paper 22, I'm not sure.
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` Q. Do you know if there's any differences
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`between the two responses filed, the two patent owner
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`responses?
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` A. Not as I sit here at this time, no.
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` Q. To rephrase that, if there was something
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`argued in the patent owner response in the CBM2016
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`tack 00063 that wasn't in 2016 tack 00064 patent
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`owners' response, you would not know that.
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
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` A. If it is correct that I have not seen the
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`second one, and as I sit here, I can't remember for
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`absolute certain if I cited it or not, but if I have
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`not seen it, then I can't know what's in it.
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` Q. So assuming that both the patent owners'
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`responses are approximately the same length, and you
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`only considered one of them, is it your practice to
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`only consider half the material when you're doing an
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`expert declaration?
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`Page 19
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
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` A. So one of the things that I would refer you
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`to in my report is where I have a summary of
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`opinions, and you'll see that in my summary of
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`opinions, I am basing my opinions on -- in the
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`materials considered and primarily focusing on the
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`declaration of Dr. Weaver, which I considered to be
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`the primary technical content in support of the CBM
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`for the patent owner and the primary source that I
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`needed to consider when doing a rebuttal as a
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`technical expert.
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` Q. With that said, does your expert
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`declaration attempt to rebut what's in the patent
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`owners' response in either CBM?
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` A. I believe my opinions are set out in
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`section 3, and I believe that my report backs up
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`those opinions with a complete analysis.
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` Q. But given that you didn't consider at least
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`one of the patent owner responses, you can't have
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`particularly known that you've rebutted what's in
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`there.
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form,
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`mischaracterize testimony.
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` A. Again, as I said a minute ago, as a
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`technical expert, my understanding is that my primary
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`responsibility was to address opinions of the
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`opposing technical expert, and that that is what is
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`contained in my report.
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` Q. Switching topics, are you aware of the
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`document known as the Manual of Patent Examining
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`Procedure?
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` A. No.
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` Q. Given that, did you consider -- we call it
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`the MPEP for short. Did you consider the MPEP when
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`drafting your expert declaration?
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` A. I don't believe so, no.
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` Q. Therefore, you could not have considered
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`the relevant sections of the MPEP regarding the
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`written description requirement under 35 USC 112
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`first paragraph, correct?
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
`
` A. So I think I made it clear in my
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`declaration that I am not a lawyer, and that I have
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`my understanding of legal principles as it is
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`explained to me by counsel, and I have presented the
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`legal principles that I used in my analysis in the
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`report.
`
` Q. Okay, I am going to have the court reporter
`
`hand you a document that's going to be marked as
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`Nielson Exhibit Number 2. It's also identified as
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`the patent owners' response filed in CBM2016 tack
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`00063, paper 22.
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` - - -
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` (A document was marked as Deposition
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`Exhibit Number 2.)
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` - - -
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` BY MR. ASHBURN:
`
` Q. Do you recognize that document as being the
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`patent owners' response in CBM2016 tack 000063?
`
` A. This appears to be the same patent owner
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`response that I reviewed.
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` Q. Can you give me a quick estimate -- I know
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`it's not perfection -- of the number of pages within
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`that document, just by counting? You can use the
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`page numbers without getting them perfect.
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` A. Maybe 75.
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 22
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` Q. Let's just see. So there is, apart from
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`the front page, there are 29 pages of arguments up to
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`the signature page, correct?
`
` A. That appears to be correct, yes.
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` Q. After page 29, there's an appendix 1, and
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`that goes on for 27 pages; is that correct?
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` A. That appears to be correct, yes.
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` Q. And there's an appendix 2 which goes on for
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`27 pages; is that right?
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` A. Yes.
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` Q. What percentage of those pages would you
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`estimate that you considered when you drafted your
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`declaration?
`
` A. So I reviewed all of these pages at one
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`time or another.
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` Q. Does your declaration include any citations
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`to any pages or tables inside of this document --
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`inside of the patent owners' response?
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
`
` A. Off the top of my head, I don't remember if
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`I cited to any of the appendices. Again, I -- I
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`focused primarily on Dr. Weaver's report and
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 23
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`rebutting it.
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` Q. Would you please look at appendix 1, and
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`based on the section headings, tell me what it
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`addresses?
`
` A. Appendix 1 sets forth a type of claim chart
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`showing claim -- claims from the '432 patent --
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` Q. Uh-huh.
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` A. -- and on the right-hand side, listing
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`disclosures from the '129 patent, from the --
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`primarily it appears the specification.
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` Q. Does it set out any correspondence between
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`claim features and disclosure in the specification of
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`the '129 patent?
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` MR. RIFFE: Objection, form.
`
` A. I would -- I would say that it is the
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`patent owners' view of a mapping from the '432 patent
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`to disclosures in the '129 patent.
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` Q. Fair enough. Can you go through each page
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`and tell me if it addresses every claim feature
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`recited in the '432 patent?
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` A. So is your question is there something
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`filled in in the box for every one of the --
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`Seth Nielson, Ph.D. - March 28, 2017
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`Page 24
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` Q. Yes.