Page 1 of 4
`
`TRADING TECH EXHIBIT 2035
`IBG ET AL. v. TRADING TECH
`CBM2015-00182
`
`

`
`I
`
`\
`
`The
`American Heritage®
`College Dictionary
`
`FOURTH EDITION
`
`Houghton Mifflin Company
`Boston • New York
`
`Page 2 of 4
`
`

`
`-
`
`Words are included in this Dictionary on the basis of their
`usage. Words that are known to have current trademark
`registrations are shown with an inillal capital and are also
`identified as trademarks. No investigation bas been made
`of common-law trademark rights in any word, because
`such inve~tigation is impractic.1ble. The inclusion of any
`word in this Dictionary is not, however, an expression of
`the Publisher's opinion a~ to whether or not it is subject to
`proprietary rights. Indeed, no definition in this Dictionary
`is to be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark.
`
`American Heritage® and the eagle logo are registered trade(cid:173)
`marks of Forbes Inc. Their usc is pursuant to a license
`agreement with F'Orbcs Inc.
`
`Copyright © 2002 Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights
`reserved.
`
`No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in
`any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
`including photocopying and recording, or by any informa(cid:173)
`tion storage or retrieval system without tl1c prior written
`permission of Houghton Mifflin \.ompany unless such
`copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law.
`Address inquiries to Reference Permissions, Houghton
`Mifflin Company, 222 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116.
`
`Visit our website: www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com
`
`The American Heritage college dictionary.-- 4th ed.
`p.cm.
`Based on the fourth ed. of the Amencan Heritage
`dictionary.
`ISBN 0-618-09848-8 (thumb edge) -(cid:173)
`ISBN 0-618-19604-8 (deluxe binding)
`I. English language--Dictionaries. 2. Americanisms. I
`Houghton Mifflin Company. II. American Heritage
`dictionary.
`
`PE1628 .A6227 2002
`423--dc21
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
`
`2001039826
`
`Page 3 of 4
`
`

`
`100
`
`aweather
`
`ayah
`
`axolotl
`
`a·w~ath•er (;,-wer/,l;u·) tld\•. To the Wil\dword ,side.
`a•welgh (•· war) adj. Now tical Hanging dear of the bol!om. Used
`of an anchor.
`awe• some (o's.>m) adj. 1. Inspiring awe: 1111 awesome thundcr(cid:173)
`stonu. 2. Expres$ing awe. 3. Slm~g Remarkable; outst:mding.
`-awelsome•ly atf, •. -awetsome•ness 11.
`awe•struck (c'>'strfik') olso awe•strick•en (-strTk'>n) adj. Full
`of awe.
`aw•ful (i\lfol) adj. 1. Extremely bad ~r unpleasant; terrible. 2.
`Commanding awe: "tllis sea, whose gently mvful stirrit~gs seem to
`speak of some hidden soul bcmntlr" (Herman Melville). 3. FiUed
`with awe, tsp.: a. Pillcd with or displayinggre.lt rever'encc. b. Ob(cid:173)
`sol<rt Afraid. 4. FMmidable in n•ture or extent . .:0 adv. lt~formal
`F.xtremdy; very. [Mil awcfu/, awe·inspiri11g, blend of awe, awe;
`see AW£, and •nyfu/1, awful (< OE eg~fu/1 : ege, doead + -full,
`-ful).] - awrful•ly adv. - awrful•ness "·
`a•whlle (~·hwll', ~-will) adv. For a short time. ~~~~~-
`USAGE NOTE .~ 11'1Jilt, an adverb, ts ne\"tr preceded by,, preposi
`lion, ""has for, but the two-word loon c~ rvhile may be prc'<:eded
`l>y • preposition In writing each of the following is acceptable:
`ii''Y mvllilr; sttly for tr wllilt; stay,, while tbut not SI-'J' for md1ile).
`a•whirl (a-hwurlf, o·wiirlf) adj. 1. Having • whirling motion;
`spinning: }cm,es awhirl in tht wiutl. 2. Belng in a state of excite(cid:173)
`ment or confusion. -a•whlrV adv.
`awk•wa.rd (6k'word) adj. 1. Not graceful; ungainly. 2a. Not dex·
`tcrous; clumsy. b. Clumsily or unskillfully pcrforme<l. 3a. f>iffi(cid:173)
`cult to handle or manage. b. Difficult to eflect; uncomforh>bk
`"" awkward pose. 4a. MMked by or causing embarrassment or
`discomfort. b. Requiring great t>o;t and skill (!viE awkewnrd, in
`the wrong way : awk~. wrong (<ON Oj11gr, backward; see apo· in
`App.} + -wnrrl, -ward,J - awk'ward•ly rtdv. - awkrward• ness
`II.
`awl (ol) 11. A pointed tool for malting buies, as in wo<>tl or leAther.
`[ME nul, prob. blend of()£ 111/ and O£awd. flesh hook.)
`awn (on) 11. A slcnder, b,;stlelike appendage found on the spike·
`lets of many grosses. !ME awue < ON ogu or < OE ageu; see ak(cid:173)
`in App. ] -awned mlj. - awn'less tulj.
`awn•lng (olning) u. A rooflike stru(ture, often made of canvas
`or plastic, that serves as a shelter} as ov~r a storefront, wjndow~
`door, or deck. [?]
`a•woke (o-w(>kf) v. A past tense of awake.
`a •wok •en <•·,•O' k>n) v. A past partkiple of awake.
`AWOL or awol (afwOI') adj. Absent without leave. -:- rr. One who
`is absent without leave.
`a•wry (~·rll) ndv. 1. In a position that is turned or twisted toward
`one side; askew. 2. A\,•ay f··onl the cone.: I course• amiss. See Syns
`at amiss. - a• wry' adj.
`ax' or axe (Jks) "·• pl. ax·es (3k'slz) 1. A tool with a bladed he<~d
`mounted crosswise on a handle, used for fdting trees or chop(cid:173)
`ping wood. 2. A similar implement used as a cutting tool or
`weapon. 3. /lrformal A suddet> termination of employment. 4.
`Sln11g A musical instl'ument, esp. a guitur . .Z. tr.v. axed, ax•ing,
`ax•es 1. To chop or fell with or as if with an ax. 2. Informal To
`remo"e ruthlessly or suddenly. -Idiom: ax to grind A selfish or
`ulterior aim. [ME< Olla:x. ]
`ax' (ailS) v. axed, ax •lng, ax•es Noustaudard Variant of ask.
`OUR LlVING LANGUAGE Ax, a common noustaudud variant of
`ruk, is often identified as an especially salient f<ature of African
`American Vernacular English. While it is true that the form is
`frequent in the speech of African Americans. it used to be com(cid:173)
`mon in the speech of white Americans as well, especially in New
`Engl•nd. This should not he surprising since ax is a very old word
`in Engli>h, having been used in England for over 1.,000 years. In
`Old English we find both tiSci•u and a<>iau, and in Middle Eng·
`lish both askm and axe11. Moreover, the forms with rs or x had
`no stigma associated with them; Chaucer, for example, used
`mken and nxen interchangeably. The forms i n x arose from the
`forms in sk b)• a linguistic process c-alled metarl1~sis, in which t\vo
`sounds are reversed. The x thus represents (ks), the flipped ver·
`sion of (sk). Metathesis is a common linguistic process around
`the world and does not arise from a defect in speaking. Never·
`theles" ax has become stigrnatited as substandard-a fate that
`has befallen other words, such as ttin't, that wert once perfectly
`acccptabJc in litet·atc circles.
`ax. abbr. 1. axiom 2. axis
`ax•el (3klsol) n. A jump in figure skating that is initiated from
`the outer forward ~dgc:: o f one skate, followed by one and one·
`half mida il' turns and a return to the outer backward edge of the
`other skate. [After Axel Paulsen (1856- 1938), Norwegian figure
`skater.]
`Axel Hei•berg (hTibUrg') An island of N Nunavut, Canada. in
`the Arctic Ocean W of EliC$mere t
`Ax•el•rod Uk's~l-r<ld'), Julius b. 1912. Amer. biochemist who
`shared a 1970 Nc~l Prize.
`a• Ken •lc (a-z~n'ik, 3-ze'nik] ndj. Not contaminated by or associ·
`a ted with any other living organisms. Usu. used of cultures of mi(cid:173)
`croorganisms. (A-• + Gk. xcnikos, foreigo ( < xeuos. strangcri see
`ghos-ti- in App.).) -a•xenli·caHy ndv.
`ax•e•' (lk'sez') 11. Plural of axis.
`
`ax•es 1 (~k'slz) 11. Plural of ax'.
`ax •l•al (ilk' sc-ot) mlj. 1. Relating to, characteriud by, or forming
`an axis. 2. Located on, around, or in the direction of an :l);i~
`-ax'l•al'i-ty (-W!-te) 11. - axli•al•ly adv.
`axial skeleton ro. The bones constituting the head and trunk of
`a v<rtebrate body.
`ax•ll (6k'•ll) 11. The upper angle between a lateral organ, such as
`aleaht•lk, and the stem that bears it. (Lat. r~xi/lt1, armpit.)
`ax •lie (~k'sJI) adj. Situated •long the cenrral axis of an ovory hav.
`ing two or more locules: axile placmtntiou. (AX(IS) + - u.e1.]
`ax•ll•la (ilk-slllo) n., pl. ·il•lae (-sUre) 1. The armpit. 2. A hod
`part analogous to rhe armpit, such as the hollow under a bird~
`wing. [Lat.)
`ax•ll•lar (ak·•tl'or, iik'sa-lor) or ax•ifolar•y (iiklso-lcr't) 11., pi
`axlllars or · fes One of the feathers in !he axilla of a bird's wing.'
`ax•ll•lar-y (3k's<>-l<r't.) adj. 1. Auntomy Of, relating to, or lo.
`cated near the axilla. 2. Botany Of, relating to, or located in an
`axil.
`axillary bud ro. A lateral bud.
`ax•i•ol•o•gy (ilk'se-i:Wa-je) "· The study of the nature of values
`and value judgments. [ Gk. nxios, worth; see ag· in App. + - tOGY.]
`-ax'l•o•log'i•cal (·>·lWI·kJJ) ndj. - ax'i•o•logli•cal•ly adv.
`-ax'i•ollo•gist n.
`ax•i•om (ik's~-om) 11. 1. A self-evident or univers311yrecogni~d
`truth. 2. An established rule, principle, or law. 3. A principle that
`is accepted as true without proof as the basis Cor ar~ument; a po ..
`tult~te. (MB < Ofr. a~i(lmt <Lat. aA'iUmn, taxiomat- < Gk. < axios,
`worthy. See ag· in App. l -ax~i·o•matric (-:rm!tl!k), ax'i•o•
`mat'i•cal (-1-bl) adj. -ax'i•o•mat'i•cal•ly ad••.
`a.x•i•on (3kl se.On') rJ. A hypothetica l boson hotvjng no charge or
`spin and smJll mass, proposed to explain the existence of certain
`symmetries o( the strong nuclear force. [ AXI(AL) + - ON '.1
`ax•is (aklsls) 11., pl. ax•es (ak'sez') 1. A stroishtline about which
`a body or geometric object rotates or may be conceived to rotate.
`2. A1tttlumatics a. A line sen,ing to orient a geometric: object, esp.
`a line about \<Jhich the object is synunetrk. b. A reference line
`along which coordinales are measured. 3. A center line to wltich
`parts of a structure or body may~ referred. 4. An imaginary line
`to which ekmcnts of a work of art are referred for measurement
`or symmetry. 5. Anatomy a. The second cervical vertebra. b. Any
`of various central structu res, such ;,s the spinal cohunn or stan(cid:173)
`dard abstract lines used as • positional referent. 6. Botany The
`main stem or cent raJ pate about which plant parts arc arranged.
`7. One of three mutually perpendicular lines that ddine the ori·
`entation of an aircraft. 8. A line through the optical center of a
`lens that is perpendicular to both its surfaces. 9. One of three or
`four imaginu')' lines used to define the face. of a crystal. 1 Oa. All
`alliance o( powers, such as nations, to promote mutual interests
`a11d policies. b. Axis The alliance of Germany and Italy in 1936,
`later including japan and other nations, that opposed the Allies
`in World War II. !ME< lat.)
`axis d eer n. A deer (Axis tJXis) of central Asia having a brown coat
`with white spots. (lat. axis, a spotted Indian quadruped.]
`ax+sym •met•ric (ak's!-sT-mHirlk) also ax•i•sym•met•rl•
`cal (·ri-k>l) adj. Havingsynunetry around an axis. -ax'i•sym•
`metlri•cal•ly adv. -ax' l•sym'me •try n.
`ax•le (akiSJI) 11. 1. A supporting shaft or member on or with
`which a wheel or a set of wheels revolves. 2a. The spindle of an
`axletrec. b. Either end of an axletree. [ME axel< ON oxu/1.)
`ax•le•tree (ilk'sol-tr~') 11. A crossbar or rod supporting a vehicle,
`such as a cart, that hM terminal spindles on which the wheels re·
`volve. (Blend of ME axel, axle; see A.XLE, and ME axtre, axletree
`(ax < OE enx + rre, tree; see 11\£8).]
`ax•man (akslmon) 11. 1. One who wields ao ax. 2. Slang One as·
`signed to perform a task involving ruthless reduction. as of a
`work force.
`Ax•min•ster (~!Wmln'stor) 11. A car·pet with stiff backing and a
`soft, colorful cut pile usu. arranged in a complex pattern. [After
`Axminster, a town of southwest England.]
`ax•o•lotl (ak's;o-lot'l) n. Any of several salamanders of the genus
`Ambystomtt, natlve to Mexico and the wcstem United States-, that
`become sexually mature without undergoing metamorphosis.
`[Nahuatl. I
`ax•on (ik'son') also ax•one (-sOn') n. The procrss of a nerve
`fiber that conducts impulses away from thc body of the nerve
`cell. (Gk 100)11, axis.] -axfon•al (ilk's>-n>l, iik-sl>n' •l) adj.
`ax•o•name (ik'so·ntm') n. 1. The bundle of fibrils that consti(cid:173)
`tutes the central core of a cilium or flagellum. 2. The axial thread
`of a chromosome. IGk. axon, al<is + uema, thread; see (sine- in
`App.) -aK'o•nermaladj.
`ax•o•no•met•ric (ak's;,-no-mWrlk) adj. Of or relating to a
`projection in which an object is drawn with its horizontal and
`vertical axes to seale but with its curved lines and diagonals dis(cid:173)
`torted. [ < axouometry: Gk. axon, axis+ -MnRY.)
`ax•o•plasm (ak's.>·plaz'om) 11. The cytoplasm of an axon. [Gk.
`tiXOn + -PLASM.] -ax' o•plas'mlc (-pliz'm!k) adj.
`Ax•um (~klst.lbm') See Aksum.
`ay 1 (1) interj. Used before me to express distress or regret.
`ay2 (I) n. 8t adv. Variant ofaye '·
`ay ' (a) adv. Variant of aye'.
`a•yah (ii'yo, a'~. T'o) IL A native maid or nursemaid in India.
`
`(lLirldi •1)'
`1.ya•hua
`p ock rrQ
`lf,;.,p .. l•.
`t
`rllunll
`< Qucdl\
`.,pc.l
`,.ya•tol~
`ll< «ll!ll~
`pf fllllgi<l
`~~tier, J}
`~ound tt
`j\!,I.All. j
`r.Y.e' :.IAh
`Jl'crh.
`~e1 ab.,,
`.~pp.J
`aye-aye
`rmrtl''#•lf4
`ond rode
`A'Y"'Sht
`/IYH 11l•lo1
`a• yln (II
`'tt)fiiJ. \.'}'a
`·Ay•ma •l
`of 1' Sy\1:
`,,nd l'cri
`~y·ma•t
`~""~"~.I
`rdotltt~1
`A•yodh~
`l'aiZ1hJ
`AYr <arl
`oil tbc f.
`Ayr•shh
`tbiry c.~
`t-yuh (f
`ll)jt CCtn('
`A·yur-v
`or h<oll~
`llvo d el
`nyu!>,lil
`we id- ~
`Ayurvel
`I~ bns~d
`unpn;n'
`yug;~, l\
`A·yut•
`iiland I
`t•ot•· s;
`AZ abhr,
`az, abb'l
`az-pr..rJ
`a• zal• ti
`tlcu~lfft
`< fenu
`!tom tl
`a •:nn l
`'ncllJH l
`< 'url"l
`p.·z~· l)
`ll$<tl "i'
`l!Z•a•t
`a~rut \;
`c:rpte:t:~G
`A·~a·t
`nOS> t~]
`IHcu~
`(pew ·
`'~I, G
`a•ze•q
`~ubsui
`in tb~'
`·!riJPI
`lr~p
`A•zerl
`ltinsrl
`lhe ul
`A•z.erj
`,v..,,l
`natlv
`At<l'b
`A•ze
`
`Page 4 of4