Filed: June 27, 2016
`
`
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`_____________________________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`_____________________________
`
`IBG LLC; INTERACTIVE BROKERS LLC;
`TRADESTATION GROUP, INC.; TRADESTATION SECURITIES, INC.;
`TRADESTATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.; and IBFX, INC.;
`Petitioners
`v.
`TRADING TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL, INC.;
`Patent Owner
`_____________________________
`Cases CBM2015-00181 and CBM2015-00182
`Patent Nos. 7,676,411 and 6,772,132
`
`_____________________________
`
`DECLARATION OF HAROLD ABILOCK
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`
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`Page 1 of 38
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`TRADING EXHIBIT 2178
`IBG ET AL. v. TRADING TECH
`CBM2015-00181
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`1.
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`BACKGROUND AND EXPERIENCE
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`1. My name is Harold Abilock.
`
`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`I am a native speaker of English.
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`I am fluent in Japanese.
`
`I have a B.S. degree in Computer Science from the State University of
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`New York at Stony Brook (aka Stony Brook University). I have over 25 years of
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`Japanese-English technical and legal translation experience and a background in
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`science, technology, and intellectual property.
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`5.
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`I lived in Japan for a total of 13 years. I was a student at Doshisha
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`University (Kyoto) for one year (1973–1974) as a foreign exchange student, during
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`which time I studied Japanese philosophy, literature, and history. I concurrently
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`attended an intensive Japanese-language program (beginner and intermediate
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`levels) at the Kyoto Institute for Japanese Language (Kyoto).
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`6.
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`I subsequently resided in Japan for 12 years (1979–1990), during
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`which time I studied the Japanese language at the Kyoto Institute for Japanese
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`Language for two additional years (1979–1981) to attain the advanced level of
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`proficiency. Subsequently, I studied Japanese-English translation for one year
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`(1982) at Nakamura Gakko (Kyoto) under the tutelage of the school headmaster—
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`a professional translator with 35 years of translation experience at that time.
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`7.
`
`I am a co-founder of JapanLink Translations (“JapanLink”), a
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`Japanese-English translation firm located in Charlotte, Vermont. A copy of my
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`resume is attached as Appendix D. Established in 1994, JapanLink specializes in
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`high-quality translation for patent prosecution and IP litigation cases involving the
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`Japanese-English translation. I am the principal translator.
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`8.
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`JapanLink employs in-house technical editors with professional
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`editing experience. Using a unique and comprehensive quality assurance (QA)
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`process, our editors check every translation for accuracy and completeness and edit
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`3
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`them for style, grammar, spelling, and readability. All translation text is carefully
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`checked for internal coherency and consistency of nomenclature.
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`9.
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`In addition to translating IP-related documents, such as patent
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`applications and office actions, I also translate technical documents, such as
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`manuals, specifications, standards, academic papers, and press releases. I work
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`principally in the fields of semiconductor manufacturing equipment,
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`semiconductor devices, information technology (IT), electronics, optics,
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`telecommunications, mechanical and electrical engineering, and automotive
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`engineering.
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`10. As a computer engineer, I have coded or supervised the coding of
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`numerous computer programs, the volume of which exceeds several tens of
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`thousands of lines of code. In the course of my career as a translator, I have
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`translated numerous documents in the field of computer software.
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`11.
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`I am being compensated at a rate of $225.00 per hour, with
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`reimbursement for actual expenses and for my time. My compensation is not
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`contingent upon the outcome of these proceedings.
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`2.
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`NOMENCLATURE
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`12.
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`In translation, text in the source language is generally referred to as
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`source text and translated text is referred to as target text. For the sake of clarity in
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`this declaration, I refer to these as the source Japanese text and the English
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`translation text, respectively. The language of the source text may also be referred
`
`to as the source language, and the language of the target text may be referred to as
`
`the target language.
`
`13. To facilitate explanation, Romanized pronunciations of source
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`Japanese text may be enclosed by braces after the source Japanese text (e.g., 数値
`
`{sū-chi}).
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`5
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`3.
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`SCOPE OF DECLARATION
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`
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`14.
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`I have been retained in connection with the proceedings listed on the
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`cover page of this declaration.
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`15. Exhibit 1006 of CBM2015-00181 is a Japanese-language document,
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`which I have been informed is the source Japanese text. I have been informed that
`
`Exhibit 1007 of CBM2015-00181 contains the corresponding English translation
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`text. I may refer to these documents generally as “TSE” or the “TSE document.”
`
`16.
`
`I understand that Exhibit 1006 in CBM2015-00181 is the same as
`
`Exhibit 1016 in CBM2015-00182. For simplicity, I refer to only Exhibit 1006 in
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`this declaration.
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`17.
`
`I understand that Exhibit 1007 in CBM2015-00181 is the same as
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`Exhibit 1017 in CBM2015-00182. For simplicity, I refer to only Exhibit 1007 in
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`this declaration.
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`18.
`
`I have been asked to examine the source Japanese text in screenshot 2
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`on pages 0137 and 0138 (also marked as TSE0000000783 and 784) of
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`Exhibit 1006 and to opine on the translation of the term 数値 {sū-chi} in the
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`corresponding English translation text on pages 0137 and 0138 of Exhibit 1007. It
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`is my opinion that 数値 {sū-chi} is incorrectly translated on pages 0137 and 0138
`
`of Exhibit 1007 and does not convey the proper meaning in the English translation
`
`text.
`
`4.
`
`REFERENCE WORKS
`
`19. Below is a list of reference works considered in the present
`
`declaration.
`
` Appendix A, Masuda, K. (ed.). (1974). Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English
`
`Dictionary, Fourth Edition (研究者・新和英大辞典・第４版). Tokyo:
`
`Kenkyusha Limited.
`
` Appendix B contains a definition of the term "attribute" obtained from the
`
`online Google Dictionary
`
`(https://www.google.com/#q=attribute+definition).
`
` Appendix C contains a description of the term "Numeric Data Type"
`
`obtained from the Microsoft Developer Network's online documentation for
`
`Visual Studio 2005 (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/kkeyy55s).
`7
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` Each of Appendices A–C are true and accurate copies of the original
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`documents, which were either copied by me (Appx. A) on or about May 15,
`
`2016, or printed by me from the corresponding webpage (Appx. B–C) on or
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`about May 15, 2016.
`
`5.
`
`ANALYSIS OF 数値 {sū-chi} IN SCREENSHOT 2 ON PAGE 0137
`
`20.
`
`I refer to the image in the lower right-hand side of page 0137 as
`
`“screenshot 2” for purposes of this declaration. A similar image appears on in the
`
`lower right-hand corner of page 0138 and my analysis of page 0137 applies equally
`
`to the similar image on page 0138. For clarity, reproductions of screenshot 2 from
`
`Exhibits 1006 and 1007 are shown below.
`
`Source Japanese Text
`(Exhibit 1006)
`
`English Translation Text
`(Exhibit 1007)
`
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`21. Screenshot 2 in Exhibit 1006 is of a window or dialog box titled 新規
`
`注文入力{shin-ki chū-mon nyū-ryo-ku}, which is translated as New Order Input
`
`in Exhibit 1007. A bar at the bottom of the New Order Input window in
`
`Exhibit 1006 contains the term 数値 {sū-chi}, which is translated as Volume in
`
`Exhibit 1007.
`
`22.
`
`In my opinion, the translation of 数値 {sū-chi} as Volume in
`
`Exhibit 1007 is not an accurate translation, because the English translation text
`
`does not convey the same meaning to a native speaker of English as the original
`
`source Japanese text would convey to a native speaker of Japanese.
`
`23. 数値 {sū-chi} is customarily translated as “numerical value.” Appx. A,
`
`p. 1663. This definition is correct for pages 0137 and 0138 and is confirmed by the
`
`context surrounding its use in the New Order Input window and elsewhere in
`
`Exhibit 1006.
`
`9
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`Page 9 of 38
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`24. For example, this definition of 数値 {sū-chi} is confirmed by the
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`context of page 0054. The relevant parts of page 0054 of Exhibits 1006 and 1007
`
`are reproduced below. I have omitted the various page numbers below the text.
`
`10
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`Page 10 of 38
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`
`Page 0054 of Exhibit 1006
`Page 0054 of Exhibit 1006
`
`IS 3 EIflEE‘DL‘T
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`o ¢4>FM4 le ammywou Miamutr._
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`zi—flyt—WiifiLit
`
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`
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`
`5-:
`
`11
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`11
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`Page 11 of 38
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`Page 0054 of Exhibit 1007
`Page 0054 of Exhibit 1007
`
`5‘2 Venom Input Widows
`
`
`
`TERI) “mum Symomhu 31 um 20101-1001-—-'—',L— — —
`
`
`
`a.
`
`Title Bar
`
`0 Window Title
`9
`“X" Burton
`
`Indicating various inpm window titles
`Indicating ”K" button to close the window
`
`13.
`
`c.
`
`Menu Bar (Some window only)
`0
`Menu Item
`
`11mm Area
`0
`0
`
`Input Column
`Button
`
`(I.
`
`Status Area
`
`Indicating the fimcuon selection menu items such as “Select Issue”.
`
`To enter the necessary data.
`-->"SEND” Button: To send the input content
`C-“CANCEI.” Button: To close the wmdow invalidating the input content
`
`0
`0
`0
`
`Message
`Input Column Property
`KB Status Display
`
`To indicate an error message. etc.
`To indicate the input column property where the cursor is.
`To display the corresponding client operability status as the main window.
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`Page 12 of 38
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`12
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`12
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`25. Page 0054 includes a screenshot that has a window in the lower-right
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`part, which is divided into four horizontal sections labelled a, b, c, d. This is a New
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`Order Input window, similar to that shown on pages 0137 and 0138.
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`26. The bottom of page 0054 also includes four sections denoted a, b, c,
`
`and d, (referred to as “explanatory text” in this declaration), which explain the
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`corresponding sections a, b, c, and d of the New Order Input window.
`
`27. Section d of the explantory text is titled ステータスエリア {su-tee-
`
`ta-su e-ri-a}, which is translated as Status Area in Exhibit 1007. The reader of the
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`source Japanese text would undersand that section d describes an area wherein
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`statuses are displayed. In the screenshot, section d contains three items, which are
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`the statuses of the New Order Input Window:
`
`{e-rā fō-mat-to}
`エラー フォーマット
`
`{sū-chi}
` 数値
` KB OK
`
`28.
`
`In section d of the explanatory text, the three diamond bullets explain
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`the three statuses of the Status Area. The second diamond bullet explains the
`
`13
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`second item of section d in the screenshot, which is 数値 {sū-chi}. I note that the
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`corresponding text of this second bullet of section d in Exhibit 1007 is incorrectly
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`translated. Below is the source Japanese text of this diamond bullet, along with a
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`proper English translation.
`
`Source Japanese text of second bullet on page 0054 of Exhibit 1006
`
`o
`
`
`
`をw
`
`{zo-ku-sei}
` 属性
`
`
`の{
`
`no}
`
`{a-ru}
` ある
`
`{nyū-ryo-ku}
`{ran}
` 入力
` 欄
`
`
`の{
`
`no}
`
`
`
`{nyū-ryo-ku}
`{ran}
`{zo-ku-sei}
`{kā-so-ru}
` 欄
` 属性
` カーソル
` 入力
`
`{hyō-ji}
`{shi-ma-su}
` します
`表示
`
`。
`
`Proper English translation of source Japanese text of second bullet
`
` Input Field Attribute Displays the attribute of the input field at which
`
`the cursor is located.
`
`29. Because this text relates to an input field of a window of a computer
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`program, the term 属性 {zo-ku-sei} means attribute. Appx. A, p. 2060. An
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`attribute in this context is “a piece of information that determines the properties of
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`a field or tag in a database or a string of characters in a display.” Appx. B,
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`14
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`definition 2. This second diamond bullet thus explains that 数値 {sū-chi} is an
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`attribute of the input field at which the cursor is located in the window.
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`30. Data type is one example of an attribute that may be associated with
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`an input field. To the native speaker reading the source Japanese text in the context
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`of page 0054, 数値 {sū-chi} could refer to a numerical value as defined in
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`Appendix A, p. 1663. Numerical value is a known data type. The numeric data
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`type includes “numeric values containing digits from 0 to 9 and, optionally, a sign
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`and a decimal point.” Appx. C, p. 1.
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`31.
`
`In the source Japanese text, the cursor is shown in the third row of
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`part c of the window (circled in red below). This location corresponds to the row
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`for 値段 {ne-dan}, which means price. Appx. A, p. 1204.
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`15
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`Window on Page 0054 in Exhibit 1006 (annotated)
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`
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`32. Given this context, the native reader of the source Japanese text would
`
`understand 数値 {sū-chi} to mean numerical value, numeric value, or simply
`
`numeric as a descriptor of the type of information entered where the cursor is
`
`located. Appx. A, p. 1663. In other words, the user enters a number, not letters (as
`
`in a string data type), a logical value (as in a Boolean data type), or the like.
`
`33.
`
`I also note that on page 0054 in Exhibit 1007, 数値 {sū-chi} in the
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`Status Bar is incorrectly translated as Value. Value is not an attribute of a data field
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`and translating 数値 {sū-chi} as such would not provide the user with the needed
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`16
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`guidance on what type of data is to be input in the Price field. What the user needs
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`to know in the window is whether the type data to be input is numeric, string,
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`logical, or the like.
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`34. Page 0054 in Exhibit 1007 compounds this error by omitting the
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`cursor (indicated by red arrow) displayed in the Price field, as shown below. This
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`omission compounds the confusion created by the mistranslation of 数値 {sū-chi}
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`as Value, which further misleads the reader as to the intended meaning of the
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`source text.
`
`New Order Input Window on Page
`0054 (Exhibit 1006) (annotated)
`
`New Order Input Window on Page
`0054 (Exhibit 1007) (annotated)
`
`17
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`35. Although the native speaker of Japanese would not define 数値 {sū-
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`chi} differently for each instance of the New Order Input window, it is
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`inconsistently translated in other sections of Exhibit 1007. For example, on page
`
`0141 (also marked as TSE0000000787), 数値 {sū-chi} is translated as Number in
`
`the Status Bar of the window (even though the term of art is Numeric), as shown
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`below.
`
`Source Japanese text Screenshot 2 on page 0141 of Exhibit
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`
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`18
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`English translation text of screenshot 2 on page 0141 of Exhibit 10071
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`36. The inconsistent translation of 数値 {sū-chi} throughout Exhibit 1007
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`fails to convey the proper meaning to the English reader as it would to the native
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`
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`Japanese reader.
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`37.
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`It is therefore clear that the translation of 数値 {sū-chi} as Volume on
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`pages 0137 and 0138 is not a correct translation. Volume is not an attribute of the
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`input field where the cursor is located, which is the row for 数量 {sū-ryō},
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`meaning Quantity. Appx. A, p. 1684. 数値 {sū-chi} is not the same as 数量 {sū-
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`ryō}. On pages 0137 and 0138, as on page 0054, 数値 {sū-chi} should properly be
`
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`1 The translated text “Japanese original_141-160” does not appear in the source
`Japanese text and is a translation error.
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`translated as Numeric Value (or Numerical) to indicate that a number is to be
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`entered by the user. The incorrect translation of 数値 {sū-chi} as Volume gives the
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`misimpression to the English reader (not present for the native Japanese reader)
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`that this section of the status bar is a descriptor of the field at which the cursor is
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`located. In contrast, the source Japanese text (and the corresponding proper English
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`translation) actually describes the type of data to be entered in the field at which
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`the cursor is located.
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`38.
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`It is thus my opinion that the translation of 数値 {sū-chi} as Volume
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`on pages 0137 and 0138 is incorrect and fails to convey to the native speaker of
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`English the same meaning as the source Japanese text conveys to the native reader
`
`of Japanese.
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`6.
`
`CONCLUSION
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`39.
`
`I have examined the source Japanese text in screenshot 2 on pages
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`0137 and 0138 of Exhibit 1006, and it is my opinion that the English translation of
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`数値 {sū-chi} as “Volume” in Exhibit 1007 is incorrect and does not convey the
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`same meaning to a native speaker of English as the original source Japanese text
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`would convey to a native speaker of Japanese.
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`40.
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`I provide a proper translation for 数値 {sū-chi} and the reasons
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`therefor. Further, it is my opinion that the proper translation for 数値 {sū-chi} is
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`substantively different in meaning from that of the corresponding translation in
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`Exhibit 1007.
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`7.
`
`SIGNING
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`41.
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`In signing this declaration, I understand that the declaration will be
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`filed as evidence in a contested case before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board of
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`the United States Patent and Trademark Office. I acknowledge that I may be
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`subject to cross-examination in this case and that cross-examination will take place
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`within the United States. If cross-examination is required of me, I will appear for
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`cross-examination within the United States during the time allotted for cross-
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`examination.
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`42.
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`I declare and certify that the proper translations provided by me in this
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`declaration are accurate and correct translations to the best of my knowledge and
`
`belief.
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`43.
`
`I declare that all statements made herein of my knowledge are true,
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`and that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true, and
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`that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false statements
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`and the like so made are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under
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`Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
`
`Date: June 24, 2016
`
`By: t;)
`
`Harold Abilock
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`22
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`APPENDIX A
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`APPENDIX A
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`Page 23 of 38
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`[\h RXUS] [A5
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`NEW
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`jAPANESE-ENGLISH
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`DICTIONARY
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`Page 24 of 38
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`KOH MASUDA
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`
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`Editor in Chief
`
`FOUR TH EDITION
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`KENKYUSHA
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`. Page 25 0f 38
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`Page 25 of 38
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`COPYRIGHT © 1974
`BY
`
`KENKYUSHA LIMITED
`
`ii? fil i it fit? fl
`KENKYUSHA’S NEW
`
`JAPANESE-ENGLISH DICTIONARY
`
`1918
`FIRST EDITION
`1931
`SECOND EDITION
`1954
`THIRD EDITION
`FOURTH EDITION 1974
`
`Thirty-second Impression 1995
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`Page 26 of 38
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`neba-tsuku
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`1204
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`ne-doko
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`nelba-tsuku 156N< v. be sticky;be glutinous. =>neba~neba
`(minute).
`1] ~ kfibf chil—
`a cold [chill] caught in sleep.
`ne-Fbie Eifi‘ft n.
`dren’s summer underwear (against cold). ~ suru v.
`catch
`cold in sleep [while asleep].
`ne-[bikil We]? n.
`[tficé‘] uprooting.
`tree» ; uproot ; extirpate (tfitfiisé).
`[=> wari—
`ne-[biki fidla n.
`(a) reduction in price ; (a) discount.
`reduce
`biki] 14 $10) ~ t" at 40 percent discount. ~ suru v.
`[abate, lower] the price; make [giveY allow] a reduction [dis-
`count]; discount; mark down.
`1] 1 $1 ~ 9‘6 make [allow] a dis-
`count of 10% [10 percent discount] off the price; cut 10% off the
`price ; reduce the price by 10 percent.
`1]”)Lll ~ bibkfi. We will make it a little cheaper. / A small
`reduction may be allowed.
`1] ~ li—rlfllfltbi’dh. We nevcr make
`a reduction. / We never ask two prices. / [(15,731] No reduction
`allowed.
`[JEiflfitfi‘Wa‘o] a margin; a spread; [FEE
`ne-[biiraki 1E5fi§ n.
`tfilrfiol (a) difference in prices; a price range.
`11/)l.®l%<(7)l N
`a narrow [wide] margin [spread]; a narrow [wide] range of prices.
`ne-[bé E% n.
`[E] oversleeping; late rising; [A1 a late riser
`[sleeper] ; a sleepyhead ; a Iie-abed. ~ suru v.
`oversleep
`(oneself); rise [get up] late; sleep late.
`1" bffiiilififl 9017:. I overslept and missed my train.
`
`ne-[bokel Eiflli n.
`1] ~saiaa‘] a sleepy [drowsy] look [voice].
`1l~i7lic eyes cloudy with sleep; sleepy eyes; a drowsy look.
`1I~Efaao sleepy-eyed[—facedl.
`11~ iECECab rub one’s half-
`sleeping[-waking] eyes.
`be half asleep;be half drugged with
`ne-[bokelru Eifllié v.
`flfiifilitfix a sleepy fellow.
`1] Elia]?
`sleep; be not wide-awake.
`’Céfi‘lfiid speak [cry] in one’s sleep.
`1fillg‘lfilif%hfi$§§9t®fi He must have been half asleep
`when he talked like that. 1l~ 7;, ttlcfiflle'ErY‘fi. Why! You’re
`half asleep. That’s my hat.
`ne-[boltoke Ell. n.
`r:>nehan (ragga).
`ne-[buka ififi n. =negi?§1‘.
`ne-[bukali HWEU a. deep-rooted[—seated]; ingrained; bred in
`the bone;
`[tTEEEEM]
`inveterate ;
`incurable.
`1] ~ M11305) AD
`deep—rooted animosity [feeling of hostility].
`1l~lli4¢1 a deep—
`seated abscess.
`1] ~1aas-tera eradicate the ingrained preju—
`dice.
`1] ~ 1116’) riveted hatred.
`1] ~ Eta an inveterate [ingrained]
`habit.
`fllwfl‘fbdilltm‘tm‘ ~. This pine tree is deep-rooted.
`
`ne-[bukuro 513% n.
`a sleeping bag.
`
`ne-[bumi 113%?) n.
`[32% ] appraisal; appraisement; (e)valua-
`tion; [El‘EEU] estimation; [fii] assessment. ~suru v.
`ap-
`praise; value; evaluate; set [put] a price ((on»; assess; estimate.
`1[100 fill“: ~ ”9% appraise [estimate] ((the land» at one million
`yen.
`1iflilllmfiéé 5 fiFlt ~ Lt. He valued this picture at 50,000
`
`yen. Nit/204312? 200 fiFlt ~ bit. I put [estimated] his income at
`two million yen a year.
`
`Nefburasukal-shfi i777xf14’l‘] n. DREW Nebraska (MS : Nebr.,
`Neb.); ((l’a‘fifi» Cornhusker [Beef, Tree Planters'] State.
`[3777\7‘111101 ~ (7) Nebrask(i)an. 1l~ (DA a Nebraskan.
`neibuIru 31% v.
`((D» =nameru.
`néburu [neleburu] ;]~—7‘}V n.
`a navel orange.
`ne-[bulsoku Efii it. want [lack] of s eep ; insufficient sleep.
`
`1]~ ’5 from want of s eep; owing to insufficient sleep. ~ Suru
`v. want sleep. 1l~ EWUE? make up sleep.
`1]WJt. ~ Ti. I
`1]~ fé‘r‘ifio‘ififim. I feel sick from want of sleep.
`always feel the loss of sleep.
`1] ~E§I§9fbfiillifibthmfi I want
`
`to catch up on some sleep.
`
`1l~7Jlilié
`ne-[buto 1E1: n.
`[1 £1 a (blind) boil; a furuncle.
`have a boil ((on».
`1] ~ #6 be gummy ; be glu-
`nelcha-necha taEMJE’e mimesis
`tinous; be greasy (iéiREf); ((filfilfi» be gooey.
`11:01:15]: ~ 1%). This handle has a sticky feel.
`ne-[chigae EEZ n. a wrick [wrench, strain] got in one’s sleep.
`ne-Fchigaelru Tag/16 V. wrick [strain] ((one’s neck)) in one’s
`sleep; have [get] a wrick [strain] ((in one’s neck)) while asleep
`[sleeping].
`1%‘PE‘EE7LTC. I have wricked my back in sleep.
`nelchi-nechi 19151215 ad. 1l~ bfcllaliialibfcl sticky; glutinous;
`[LUCIA] pertinacious; tenacious; [7J\Eo&b7f;i\] gloomy; cheerless.
`nelda tltic 11.
`common [fioor]ioists;joisting. 1l~ l’fili alcdger
`strip [plate].
`[tRiC’E] ~ ’filée fix joists ((on» ; joist. 1l~ EEK remove [take
`off] the floor joists.
`neidai ‘ E? n.
`::> shindai E's.
`11ifi%?fib
`[=ne [E]
`neidan 1E5": n.
`a price; a cost; a figure.
`11§ii£[fi}i
`[Zili’fi‘igu l135]] N a loco [an f.o.b., an average] price.
`gr] ~ a basic [a competitive] price.
`1]]‘11Fa‘i ~ a trade [an inside]
`price.
`117E”)??? ~ =9 nari-yuki.
`1%‘11731964’311 ~ an invoice [21
`
`~ suru v.
`
`root up ((a
`
`
`
`1]]:t7k7fllfiiiléifi’éby iififififlifi] ~ a cost [an ex-
`forward] price.
`warehouse. a list] price.
`1] %i&fll§%l§ifi\0 39331] ~ an all-round
`
`price.
`flfiigififfiflflfilgfiféb, $16fl~ a c.i.f. [an extra, a sub-
`scription] price.
`1] $3572: ~ 2 moderate [reasonable] price.
`1] ’3‘")
`d'llfitfiw ~ the lowest price possible; a rock—bottom price.
`1] E]
`335 ~ a workable price.
`1] Eh\’§?\’&%%6$5€£ N a tempting price.
`
`
`1] Emfimfilfitt‘réiifiliffitt] ~ a fancy [an exorbitant, an extor-
`tionate, a staggering, a prohibitive, a stiff] price.
`1] Em ~ a high '
`[tall] price.
`1] ~ ‘2“: a price list; a priced catalogue (7157M) 1l~
`#:1533732?" if the price is satisfactory [reasonable, moderate].
`HEP/E03] ~0fifi5fl a price war [competition]; a price—cutting
`race; a rate war (t4&$o). magnified ~ott‘ut‘4 popular—
`priced [medium-priced] articles.
`IlLEEQiJi] ~ 7111:7316 the price rises [goes up] ; [fifiiiifi] rise
`[advance go up] in price.
`1] ~ hi’FfJ'ié the price falls [goes down] ;
`[6.137133%] fall [decline go down] in price.
`1] ~7‘jx'fil
`{31%}L'cmz,
`
`the price is skyrocketing [tobogganing].
`1] ~71‘i’1fi3l.
`] be ex-
`pensive; be high in price; be high-priced.
`1I~TJlZEh1EE5EN
`be inexpensive; be low in price; be low—priced; be cheap.
`HEEQ’C']
`$01—$10] ~ I" at a low [high] price; ((buy an article»
`cheap [dear]. 1lflfi~ f at an all~around price; (@1239) at an
`all-in rate.
`1] ifil’tfi‘ot ~ I" at an agreed price.
`1175AFE'137) ~ ’6
`at a price within anybody's reach.
`[lfifizh’é] ~ 781%] < ask the price ((of an article» ; price ((an article
`at a store».
`1] ~ Ejllélfimfifi’ééi] make an offer ((of 1,000 yen»
`for ((an article»; name one’s price; [driljifiéjéjliir] price ((an article
`at 100 yen» ; mark the price on ((an article» ; [Eddie] 86¢ [put] 3
`price on ((an article» ; appraise; evaluate; estimate.
`1]W.\ ~ ’87
`liZ-J name [bid] a good price ((for an article».
`1] ~ E<6t§<7llé
`price ((an article» extremely low ; mark the price way down.
`1] fr}:
`lEWJ~€OUE> quote the lowest price.
`1E9l~€£~frlytétbwié
`ask
`[demand, name] an extravagant price ((for».
`1]~"‘&];le> raise
`[put up] the price.
`1] ~ ’8 Z Eldléjjfé raise the price by 20 per-
`cent. 1]~%’Fli'6 lower [cheapen, put down, slash] the price.
`
`
`1] ~§$12fiiifliifll23l§Tlfé reduce the price to the prewar level.
`
`
`1l~ETF17315 500
`liglé’Fli‘b lower the price from 1,000 yen to
`500.
`1] ~ Elillifii bargain [haggle] over the price ((of an article»
`with ((a person».
`1] ~ [10(5th How much (do you ask for it)? /What is the price?
`
`
`1l~l1500 Whtbtlllifmémofa“. The prices range from 500 yen
`
`
`(up) to 1,000.
`1]~ I; 50 ' @5365. Prices begin at 50 yen.
`1] 8 ~
`llE®<Elfl®tloliflCbibgi About what price would you like, sir.7
`1%ojfl:9/zt§~7fi§l§0fi. That one is a little higher in price.
`1] ~ leFE-‘iiiridé. Your price is too high. / You ask too much. lThat’s
`too expensive. / It is overpriced.
`1] ~ fjlfibih‘QKLWDIfiufllfli‘tbfifi
`Elm. A high price is not necessarily an assurance of good quality.
`1Eh‘WLFuElgtDSE, ~7fiitiat. After long haggling, a price was
`agreed upon. 1to~ftttfilcas We will lose if we sell it at
`that figure.
`1] f7) ~ flié’ifilifibib‘nia‘. We cannot buy on terms
`mentioned.
`1] MW?) ~ fi‘ébilli‘g‘. You can have it at the price
`[figure] you name.
`1] “it: ~ l:73‘ibf%fl§$li7xfl§f365. He will
`pay almost any price to obtain it.
`1§LJ§LJREVJ ~ d~§ETeix
`Kindly quotc us your lowest possible prices.
`1] 1/?4 —fi— F‘ofifilfi;
`AHEV) ~ lit°Vn\65t‘}if36§2. Ready-to—wear women’s clothes have
`a wide price range.
`a bunk; a berth.
`ne-[dana Etllll n.
`nddan-zuke {$15250 n. pricing; tagging. ~ suru v. price
`[tag] ((an article at 1,000 yen» ; fix a price tag on ((an article».
`:9
`nedan (ifiéiaolie).
`tease [importune, press] ((a person for some—
`nefdaru 1117?: v.
`thing» ; ask ((a person» importunately ((for money»; coax ((somc-
`thing» out of ((a person»; solicit ((a person for aims». 1331521”?
`its coax ((a person» into ((doing». 1%?5 ~ clamor for candy;
`((15)) mooch candy from ((a person».
`1] W??? N ask ((a person» for
`a tip.
`1] filthfior'lfiéliii’t 1 iii/Fictfifii. I will tease my father for a suit
`0f new clothes,
`1] Eifldhllnfloffio‘cbtbm. Ask your mother to
`buy it for you.
`ne-[dalyashi tittEtt‘L n. wkonzetsu.
`ne-dogu [-[dologu] E31551. n. =shingu.
`neidoi FFIEFFEIA n.
`((S» ~suru v.
`inquire of ((a person» about
`every detail ((of a matter» ; ask ((a person» inquisitively ((about a
`matter»; be inquisitive ((about a matter».
`
`ne-[doko $3212?
`a bed; a bedstead (Elia—Er); a crib [(3121)] cot] (Q)
`967)); a berth (fifii'fifl’éw); a pallet (past/u). 1]~ ffiiifiiflli'ifl
`afli] read [smoke] in bed. 1]~ imbiitdifljé jump out of bed.
`[flafiélz] ~ l:7\%>[’)<] go to [get into] bed; retire to rest [bed];
`((121%) turn in; ((
`31%) get between the sheets. 1l~l2t<0flt
`crawl into bed.
`[@5198] ~ 211.615 make a bed; make up a bed (macabre
`113E373).
`1l H50.l:l:%1fi€ filer ~ a'xe make a Shakedown of
`blankets on the floor.
`1] ~ Efififlb get out of bed.
`‘1] ~ {attic
`put [stow] away the bedding.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`Page 27 of 38
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`

`

`suberu
`
`1663
`
`sue
`
`
`
`flNWFufiE a matter of the least
`
`] in
`
`’Cbio ’
`
`t slide”
`slide ’
`3tion ;
`1012"
`wing»
`
`.
`
`
`
`.
`
`
`
`
`
`the Sudan. 1[~ A a Sudanese. 1[~
`Sfidan [suludan] x-a‘y n.
`
`Eiflflfil the Democratic Republic of the Sudan.
`1[~(7) Su-
`danese.
`suldara filh‘ifi T1. Mi» =shudara.
`sufdare fi 11. a reed screen [portiére] ; a rattan [bamboo] blind.
`1]~ fi'ix fluted plate glass. =su %.
`su-Fdaltsu fifij v.
`1 Lea] leave the nest ; Hedge out; titer:
`tho] start in life; go out into the world.
`2 [531$to] become independent; stand on one’s own legs; [i
`_-Eéfiib‘] leave ((school»; graduate from ((college».
`sul-de $3]:— n.
`an empty [bare] hand. 1]~ @flfiflfi an unarmed
`combat [fight].
`[fai‘fi] ~ '6 [7115??? empty--;handed with empty hands; [at
`fifiroll] unarmed; barehanded; with bare hands; ((fight» with
`naked fists.
`1[~f]%2.3 return empty—handed.
`1]~ffiaéhfi7té
`[fiillcfiflfj‘fi] catch a fish [face the enemy] with bare hands. 1]~ t"
`fifiééfiétfiy start a business with practically no capital.
`sulde-ni EH: ad.
`1 [fimc] previously; before.
`11~ Station
`as previously stated.
`2 [fifti] already; yet (gif‘dlim; ((not» any longer; by now; by
`this time.
`1H??? ~ Eb. It is too late. 1193le N fiotififiot. He had already
`gone.
`flfifi’fioflfi‘céflill ~ tllclifihfw‘atbbt. The next week
`I found him no longer living there.
`
`3 [fiti'fllfill] 1%0357» ~ fiefité‘fififiibwe. The very fact es-
`tablishes his innocence.
`flbhfiflfl’étfiofcctfiNifiotmb. To
`marry such a woman was wrong in itself.
`/ First of all, he did
`wrong in marrying such a woman.
`in the meantime ; meanwhile.
`sulde-ni-shite Bitch? ad.
`((L»
`sfiden-sei [suruden—] with n. HEW] electrotaxis ; galvano—
`tropism.
`1] ~ 0) electrotactic ; galvanotropistic.
`sfido [suludo] #832 ad. =sfikai.
`su-Fdolmari $42th 11. staying overnight [getting accommoda-
`tion for the night] without board.
`sul-dori are n.
`a brood hen.
`su-[déri ii?) 71. ~ suru v. pass through ((a place» without
`stopping; pass ((a person’s door» without dropping in; pass by;
`bypass.
`
`llé’xfiibi ~ L’Ci‘WSZME’fiLt. I went straight to Osaka without
`stopping [breaking my journey] at Nagoya.
`1]~l10t"b\UtmeJ\.
`Have you forgotten our house? How unkind you are! / Why
`did you pass our door without calling?
`su-doshi [—[doloshi] ifib n. 1 [ieifiélt] transparence. 1[~
`V) transparent ((glass door»; plain ((glass»; unfrosted ((light bulb».
`2 [Eomlflfiifi] plain glasses; plain—glass spectacles.
`sure if n.
`1 [$110] the end ; the close. 14 RV) ~ l: at the end
`of April.
`1] 3 HO) ~ :"6 toward [about] the end of March; in late
`March.
`2 [56%] the end; the tip; the top.
`17736 ~ slackers. It is equally thick both at the foot and the
`top.
`flcflUtbifib~fi Can such a thing happen? Oh, this is
`indeed a godless time.
`3 [$1535] trifles;trivialities.
`importance; a mere trifle.
`is all about
`1] £0)filltbft ~l: iEéthfitrofi'. Your argument
`the side [secondary]1ssues.1]t§li7]ifi‘),fl7ili ~ 7.20. VirtueIS the
`root; wealth the fruit.
`
`1] ~ (12»1 [$91511] in (the) future; [113;
`4 [36%] the future.
`the long run; in the end.
`[3E0] ~ Qfiéfifi‘ a young man of promise; a promising
`youth. 1]~ ofi—‘tEj’Efira form [lay] a plan for the future.
`1l~ mibfiflb‘ftttm. It is not altogether hopeless. 11—?1it-bitrwf)
`I" ~ (Daffébififikm. We are blessed with no child, so we have noth-
`ing to look forward to in our life.
`flfihkfitfiimfiaflfib ~ 0%.
`15mm. If you remain with a man like that, you can never hope
`for a bright future.
`fl~li£57352ti55 I wonder what will be—
`
`come of him.
`1] ~ [Fefillaémfiai They will be man and wife
`in the end. 1l~ [ikfifiéi He promises to be a State Minister.
`1] CVHLII ~ mammary. I fear this child will be a millstone round
`my neck.
`llhbl¥® ~ EREU‘CEELCTZU. I wish to live to see my
`son settled in life.
`11$Lt159efirml ~ Eflt<noéfifiimx We have
`no one to support us in our declining years.
`1[~ teammate“
`74311. Be diligent, with an eye to future happiness.
`ifitfi Elli
`~ éiiif. Let us hope for the best. /Wait patiently, for your for—
`tune will come in time. 11~uarttmmzan After me [US] the
`deluge. E3)?»
`5 [WK] 1]~ I: finally; at last; after.... 1+5}%Kf;~ after
`due consideration.
`1] $599;on ~ after many years' efforts.
`1] bit” 51112313; ~ liAfibiflbofc. He went
`to the extent of
`committing murder to top off the varieties of crimes he had per-
`petrated.
`1] :hfiltéfillét ~ lififliffifietg.JZIf you continue to
`do so you will end up in prison.
`1] Diana) ~ EQUL‘S‘Wlfiat. They
`proceeded from words to blows