throbber
US008794516B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Racz et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,794,516 B2
`*Aug. 5, 2014
`
`(54) DATA STORAGE AND ACCESS SYSTEMS
`
`(56)
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Patrick Sandor Racz, Saint Hellier
`(GB); Hermen-ard Hulst, Amsterdam
`(NL)
`
`(73) Assignee: Smartflash, LLC, Tyler, TX (US)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`CA
`EP
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`
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`Filed:
`
`Apr. 3, 2012
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2013/0046658 A1
`
`Feb. 21, 2013
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63) Continuation of application No. 13/212,047, filed on
`Aug. 17, 2011, now Pat. No. 8,336,772, which is a
`continuation of application No. 12/943,872, filed on
`Nov. 10, 2010, now Pat. No. 8,118,221, which is a
`continuation of application No. 12/014,558, filed on
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`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Oct. 25, 1999
`
`(GB) ................................. .. 9925227.2
`
`(51)
`
`(2006.01)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G06K 5/00
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`USPC ......................................... .. 235/380; 235/382
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC ................ .. 235/380, 382, 492, 451, 486, 487
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`Decision of Rejection dated Jul. 23, 2013 in Japanese Application
`No. 2011-066325 (which also claims priority to the same UK priority
`document as the present application).
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner — Thien M Le
`(74) Attorney, Agent,
`or Firm — Davidson Berquist
`Jackson & Gowdey, LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Data storage and access systems enable downloading and
`paying for data such as audio and video data, text, software,
`games and other types of data. A portable data carrier has an
`interface for sending and receiving data, data memory for
`storing received content data, and payment validation
`memory for providing payment validation data to an external
`device. The carrier may also store a record of access made to
`the stored content, and content use rules for controlling access
`to the stored content. Embodiments store further access con-
`
`trol data and supplementary data such as hot links to web sites
`and/or advertising data. A complementary data access termi-
`nal, data supply computer system, and data access device are
`also described. The combination of payment data and stored
`content data and use rule data helps reduce the risk of unau-
`thorized access to data such as compressed music and video
`data, especially over the Internet.
`
`28 Claims, 17 Drawing Sheets
`
`wm anew"
`
` msrsuauroa
`
`/
`
`CONTENT
`renunmu.
`ADGESB
`
`, ,,
`
`oomsur
`1-snmuu.
`AOCEES
`11:
`
`Apple Exhibit 1001
`
`Page 00001
`
`Apple Exhibit 1001
`Page 00001
`
`

`
`US 8,794,516 B2
`Page 2
`
`(56)
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`>>>D>>>>>D>>>>>D>>>>>D>D>>>>>>D>>>>>>D>>>>>>D>>>D>D>D>D>>>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>>D>>D>D>D>>D>D>D>D>D>>D>D>D>D>D>D>>D>D>
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`EP
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`EP
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`EP
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`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`EP
`GB
`GB
`GB
`GB
`GB
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`W0
`W0
`W0
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`OTHER 1’UBL1CAT10NS
`_
`_
`_
`Smarflash LLC V. Apple Inc., Civil Action 6:13-CV-00447-MHS-
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`KNM, Defendants’ Disclosure of Prior Art, dated Jan. 13, 2014.
`Page 00003
`
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`
`

`
`US 8,794,516 B2
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`CBVI2014-00102 (L .S. Pat. \Io. 8,118,221), dated \/Iar. 31, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00103 (L .S. Pat. \Io. 8,118,221), dated \/Iar. 31, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00104 (L .S. Pat. \Io. 7,334,720), dated \/Iar. 31, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00105 (L .S. Pat. \Io. 7,334,720), dated \/Iar. 31, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00106 (L .S. Pat. \Io. 8,033,458), dated \/Iar. 31, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00107 (L .S. Pat. \Io. 8,033,458), dated \/Iar. 31, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00108 (L .S. Pat. No. 8,061,598), dated Apr. 1, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Vlethod Patent Review in
`CBVI2014-00109 (L .S. Pat. No. 8,061,598), dated Apr. 1, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Eberhard von Faber, Robert Harnrnelrath, and Franz-Peter Heider,
`“The Secure Distribution of Digital Contents,” IEEE (1997).
`About MultiMedia Cards
`(http://www.mmca.org/whatisa.htrn),
`dated Apr. 23, 1999.
`Actiontec to Deploy Wave Systems’ EMBASSY E-Commerce Tech-
`nology in Home Networking and Modem Cards, May 11, 1999.
`Aladdin and Wave Complete Security Technology Integration, Jan.
`27, 1998.
`Amendment 1 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version
`1.0, Sep. 1999.
`An introduction to BPI statistics—Printed on Jun. 27, 2000.
`Answers to Freqently Asked Questions About Smart Cards, 1996.
`Atrnel and Wave Systems Corp. Partner to Provide Advanced
`“E-Commerce on a Chip” Solution, May 10, 1999.
`Automatic Fare Collection (http://www.oti.co.i1/automatic_fare_
`collection.htrnl), printed Jan. 5, 2000.
`Breakthrough for E-Commerce Over DTV Proven in Test with New
`Jersey Public Television, Mar. 28, 2000.
`Capital Broadcasting Unit, DTV Plus & WaveXpress Form Strategic
`Partnership to Explore & Deliver Broadcast E-commerce, Mar. 30,
`2000.
`ChipCASH: Making stored value work, printed Aug. 18, 2000.
`Creative Nomad World (http://www.nomadworld.com/products/
`welcome.htrnl), printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Creative Secures MP3 Player, Nov. 12, 1999.
`Creative Technologies Chooses Wave Systems Corp. For Micro-
`Transaction Selling and Purchasing, dated Mar. 12, 1997.
`Creative Unveils Next Generation Portable Digital Audio Player, Oct.
`6, 1999.
`Cyber-COMM Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), printed Apr. 27,
`2000.
`Cyber-COMM Selects Wave Systems to Provide Trusted E-Com-
`merce Infrastructure in Europe, Sep. 29, 1999.
`Digital Rights Management—Printed on Oct. 17, 2000.
`E-Commerce: Companies ‘not investing enough’, Oct. 14, 1999.
`Electronic
`Purse
`(http://www.oti.co.il/electronic_purse.html),
`printed Jan. 5, 2000.
`Empeg car—Printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Emphasis on Internet ID and Authentication Central to the Smart
`Card Forum Strategic Direction for 2000, Sep. 22, 1999.
`ePanorama—Card Technology Technology Page, printed May, 1,
`2000.
`
`(http://www.ioc.ee/atsc/faq.
`
`Ericsson demonstrates plug-in MP3 player for mobile phones at
`Telecom 99 (http://www.mmca.org/Press/ericsson-mp3.htrn), Oct. 9,
`1999.
`alt.technology.smartcards
`FAQ for
`htrnl), printed on Nov. 30, 2000.
`Flash and EEPROM: the never-ending tradeoff—Aug. 1997.
`Flash Card Market Will Boom to $1.3 Billion by 2002, Predicts
`IDC—Dec. 3, 1998.
`Frequently Asked Questions (http://www.scia.org/knowledgebase/
`aboutSmartCards/faqs.htrn), printed on Nov. 30, 2000.
`Gadgets Galore from Comdex (http://www.wired.com/news/mp3/
`0,1285,32573,00.html), Nov. 17, 1999.
`GlobalWave—Secure Digital Media Distribution; printed May 15,
`2000.
`Growing Number of On-Line Users Turn Digital Content Into Cash
`Using MyPub1ish from Wave Systems, Feb. 22, 2000.
`Heer, D.N.; Maher, D.P.; IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electron-
`ics, vol. 41, Issue: 3, 1995, pp. 869-874.
`Heer, D.N.; Maher, D.P.; Takahashi, R.; Proceedings of International
`Conference on Consumer Electronics, 1995, pp. 382-383.
`How DRM commerce works (http://www.intertrust.com/main/tech-
`nology/howdrmcworks.html)—archived on Oct. 18, 2000.
`HP and Wave Systems to Bring Trust and Security to the PC, Oct. 27,
`1998.
`HP Offers secure PC for ecommerce, available by at least Apr. 27,
`2000.
`HP, RSA Data Security and Wave Systems to Enable Enhanced
`Security for E-Mail and Internet Transactions, Jan. 20, 1999.
`IBM forays into digital music software, Feb. 8, 1999.
`IGST to Incorporate Wave Systems’ EMBASSY Technology in Mul-
`timedia Chips for Set-Top Boxes, Dec. 2, 1998.
`I-Jam’s New MP3 Internet Music Player will use SanDisk Multime-
`dia Cards to Download and Store Music—Jun. 14, 1999.
`Industry Specific Smart Card Specifications (http://www.scia.org/
`knowledgebase/aboutSmartCards/specs.htrn1), printed on Nov. 30,
`2000.
`Internet and Smart Card Application Deployment (http://www.
`smartcardcentral .com/technical/articles/j source/j source_080999.
`asp), archived Aug. 1999.
`Internet Audio Portables: A Christmas Buying Guide, printed Jan. 5,
`2000.
`Intertrust technology—archived on Oct. 18, 2000.
`ITE to Embed Wave System Corp.’s Embassy Technology into Inte-
`grated Circuits, Nov. 9, 1998.
`JazPiper FAQ (http://www.j azpiper.nl/en_ie/faq.htm), printed on
`Nov. 22, 1999.
`Joint Press Release by Infineon Technologies and Grundig—Aug. 27,
`1999.
`Joint Press Release by Infineon Technologies and Hitachi—Apr. 22,
`1999.
`(http://www.launch.com/music/
`Launch Discover New Music
`mymusic/pvn_content/0,334900.htrnl), Jan. 4, 2000.
`Liquid Audio signs with EMI, Jun. 17, 1999, pp. 1-2.
`\/Iajor Companies Join Forces to Solve Security, Trust, and Privacy
`Issues in Electronic Business, Aug. 24, 1999.
`Vlicrosoft Ups Commitment to Digital Media (http://www.billboard.
`com/sites/archive/00/0526.asp), May 26, 2000.
`\/Iinistry of Sound’s Content Library to Become Available to RioPort
`Audience and Distribution Partners, Nov. 15, 1999.
`Vlore popular
`than Sex (http://www.wired.com/news/business/
`0,1367,31834,00.html), Oct. 14, 1999.
`VIP3 catalyzing Net music’s future, Apr. 27, 1999.
`VIP3 device makers win key court ruling, Jun. 15, 1999.
`VIP3: on the road again, Nov. 22, 1999.
`\/IP3s Anywhere You Are
`(http://www.wired.com/news/mp3/
`0,1285,32109,00.html), Oct. 28, 1999.
`\/IultiMedia Card: The Storage Medium (http://www.pontis.de/site_
`e/produkte/ca_mmc_e.htm), printed Jan. 4, 2000.
`\/Iusic a la Card (http://www.mp1ayer3.com/site_e/ho_pl_e.htm),
`printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`\/Iusic Battle Takes to the Hill (http://www.wired.com/news/po1itics/
`0,1283,32008,00.html), Oct. 20, 1999.
`
`Page 00004
`
`Page 00004
`
`

`
`US 8,794,516 B2
`Page 5
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Music to Microsoft’s Ears (http://www.wired.com/news/culture/
`0,1284,32379,00.htrn1), Nov. 15, 1999.
`National Semiconductor® and Wave Systems to Develop Coproces-
`sor-Based Security Solutions for E-Commerce, dated Sep. 15, 1999.
`Net music changing copyrights, Apr. 27, 1999.
`New Media Age—p. 23—Nov. 18, 1999.
`PC Free and Wave Systems to Deliver Bundles “E-Commerce PC”,
`Jun. 9, 1999.
`PCT/GB00/041 10, International Search Report mailed Feb. 13,
`2000.
`Personal Jukebox PJB-l00—Printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Piracy (RIAA Webpage: http://www.riaa.com/piracy/piracy.htm),
`printed on Nov. 25, 1999.
`Piracy Definitions—Printed on Jun. 27, 2000.
`Portable MP3 Players and More (http://www.pontis.de/site_e/
`produkte/sh_pr1_e.htm), printed Jan. 4, 2000.
`PortalPlayer Announces Collaboration with SanDisk Corporation to
`Enable New Classes of Consumer Electronic Devices for Music
`Playback—Dec. 8, 1999.
`Prepaid smart card techniques: A brief introduction and compari-
`son—dated 1994.
`Programming Plus Digital Content: A New Business Model for Tele-
`vision, printed Apr. 27, 2000.
`PSXAMP—Printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Research and Intellectual Property (http://www.intertrust.com/main/
`technology/research-ip.html)—Printed on Oct. 18, 2000.
`RIAA wins restraining order against MP3 recording device, RIAA
`Press Release—Oct. 16, 1998.
`Rio 500 (from archive.org archived Nov. 28, 1999 but original date
`unknown).
`Rioport Selects Magex to Provide Digital Rights Management Solu-
`tion for Digital Audio Delivery, Playback Using Rioport Platform and
`Intertrust Technology, Nov. 15, 1999.
`RioPort Shows Secure Solution for Downloading and Playing Back
`Windows Media Format Music and Spoken Word Tracks from
`Internet to Desktop, Nov. 15, 1999.
`Rioport, Inc. Collaborates With Microsoft on Technology to Seam-
`lessly Deliver Secure Digital Audio Content to a Variety of External
`Playback Devices, Nov. 10, 1999.
`Rioport: About us (http://www.rioport.com/RioAbout/0,120200.
`htrn), printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`S3 hears sweet music with MP3 plans (http://news.cnet.com/news/
`0/1006-200-1711701.htrnl), Apr. 18, 2000.
`Samsung and Sony Announce Memory Stick Collaboration, http://
`www.samsung.com/news/samsung/200 l/sec0803-
`20010803102150.htrnl, pp. 1-2, Aug. 3, 2001.
`Samsung Yepp Features (http://www.samsungyepp.con1/Yepp64.
`htrnl), archived Mar. 4, 2000.
`SanDisk Announces Development of the World’s First Floppy Disk
`Adapter for Multimediacards, Jul. 19, 1999.
`SanDisk Will Supply I&C with Multimediacards for new portable
`MP3 Internet Music Players, Jun. 23, 1999.
`SanDisk Will Supply Maycom with 32 MB Multimediacard for Use
`with New Merit, Apr. 27, 1999.
`Sarnoff and Wave Systems to Form inTelecast, Apr. 19, 1999.
`SDMI armounces portable device technology will be available
`(https://www.sdmi.org/dscgl/ds.py/Get/File-646/nyc-99-09-24-
`press-release.htrn), Sep. 24, 1999.
`SDMI approves technology selection, Nov. 12, 1999.
`SDMI fact sheet, printed on Nov. 25, 1999.
`SDMI Identifies Audio Watermark Technology for Next Generation
`Portable Devices for Digital Music, Aug. 9, 1999.
`SDMI Participant List (http://www.sdmi.org/participant_list.htm),
`dated May 24, 2000.
`SDMI Portable Device Specification—Part l,Version 1.0, dated Jul.
`8, 1999.
`SDMI Publishes Open Standard for Portable Devices, Jul. 13, 1999.
`SDMI Working group structure
`(http://www.sdmi.org/work_
`group_struct.htm), updated Jun. 1, 2000.
`
`Shaw, I., Cash on Delivery—Mobile Consumer Management Goes
`Back to Basics (1994).
`Smart Card
`Forum—http://www.smartcardforum.org/aboutscf/
`backgrd.htrn, printed Nov. 30, 2000.
`Smart
`Card Overview (http://www.scia.org/knowledgebase/
`aboutSmartCards/primer.htrn), printed on Nov. 30, 2000.
`Smart Cards on Line (http://www.smartex.com), dated Aug. 18,
`2000.
`(http://partners.sonicnet.com/ap/rioport/
`Sonicnet Music News,
`newstory.jhtml?id:62029l), pp. 1-2, Jan 7. 2000.
`Standard Microsystems and Wave Systems Agree to Embed Wave’s
`“WaveMeter” Technology in Standard Micro systems Integrated Cir-
`cuits, May 28, 1998.
`T3 News, Jul. 1999, pp. 29-30.
`Technology Standards Developed for Music Delivery System over
`Mobile Phones—Dec. 9, 1999.
`The MP3 Place (http://www.mp3hardware.com/clickman.shtml),
`printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`The ROS-Card: the audio storage media of the future (http://www.
`mplayer3.com/site_e/ho_ros_e.htm), printed Nov. 22, 1999.
`The storage medium: MultiMediaCard (http://www.mplayer3.com/
`site_e/ho_mmc_e.htm), printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`The technology behind the world’s first consumer trial of mobile
`electronic cash, printed Sep. 25, 1999.
`The top 50 bootlegged artists in the UK, printed Nov. 25, 1999.
`The Trusted Client from Wave Systems Corp. Web Site (http://www.
`wavesys.com/news/featuredstoryhtml), printed May 15, 2000.
`The Trusted Client from Wave Systems Corp. Web Site (http://www.
`wavesys.com/technology/embassytc l .htrnl), archived May 20,2000.
`The World Market in Review, archived Mar. 3, 2000.
`The World of Multos (http://www.multos.com/multog1obe.ihtml),
`printed Jan. 5, 2000.
`Theglobe.com and Wave Systems Offer Internet Industry’s First
`e-Commerce Service for the Sale of Personal Digital Content, Apr.
`22, 1999.
`There is a DIVA in my pocket—Printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Thomson Lrya (http://www.vitaminic.co.uldhardware/lyra.shtml),
`printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Uskela, S., Services in Cellular Packet Data Networks, Masters The-
`sis, Helsinki University of Technology (Sep. 1999).
`Wave—Wave Digital Network (dated 2000).
`Wave Systems and IBM to Collaborate on Technology for Accessing
`Digital Content, Dec. 18, 1997.
`Wave Systems and Sarnoff Corporation Announce Board of Direc-
`tors for WaveXpress Joint Venture, Sep. 9, 1999.
`Wave Systems Announces Agreement with KISS Nordic MS to
`Bundle Wave’s E-Commerce System with KISS Nordic Multimedia
`Products, Aug. 28, 1999.
`Wave Systems Announces New Technology Enabling Secure Elec-
`tronic Commerce Transactions in the PC, Oct. 27, 1998.
`Wave Systems Announces Support of SDMI Specification, Jul. 13,
`1999.
`Wave Systems Appoints Alan Chaplin Vice President of Entertain-
`ment Service, May 11, 1999.
`Wave Systems Continues US Momentum in Europe by Showcasing
`Digital Content Distribution and E-Commerce Technology with
`GlobalWave at Milia 2000, Feb. 16, 2000.
`Wave Systems Corp. Announces Three Pay-Per-Use CD-ROM Soft-
`ware Publishing Partners, Feb. 10, 1997.
`Wave Systems Corp. Debuts Micro-Transaction System for Purchas-
`ing Digital Content, Feb. 10, 1997.
`Wave Systems Corp. Enhances Consumer-Publisher Relationships
`with Upgraded Great Stuff Network Technology, Mar. 4, 1998.
`Wave Systems Corp. Forges Strategic Relationship With Leading
`Broadcast Systems Solution Provider, Apr. 7, 1998.
`Wave Systems Demonstrates Trusted Client Services and Applica-
`tions at Comdex, Nov. 15, 1999.
`Wave Systems Introduces MyPub1ish Community E-Commerce Ser-
`vice, Apr. 22, 1999.
`Wave Systems Introduces WaveDirect E-Commerce Service for PC
`Users, Jun. 1, 1999.
`Wave Systems Plans to Acquire N*Able Technologies, Jun. 14, 1999.
`Wave Systems Reports 1998 Results, Apr. 1, 1999.
`
`Page 00005
`
`Page 00005
`
`

`
`US 8,794,516 B2
`Page 6
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
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`Wave Systems Signs Letter of Intent with Lego Media International
`to Deliver Software by Satellite for Europe Online Networks, Aug.
`28, 1999.
`Wave Systems to Integrate Sun Micro system’ s Java Card Technology
`Into Consumer Devices to Extend EMBASSY E-Commerce Solu-
`
`tions, May 10, 1999.
`Wave Systems to Offer Interactive Magic Software Titles Through
`Innovative WaveMeter Distribution System, Jun. 15, 1998.
`Wave Systems to Participate in Trusted Computing Platform, Oct. 1 1,
`1999.
`
`WaveEnabled Trusted Client Applications, from Wave Systems
`Corp. Web Site (http://www.wavesys.com/technology/embassytc2.
`htrnl), archived May 26, 2000.
`Wave’s Embassy Technology Demonstrated in Compaq Smart Card
`Readers at Windows 2000 Launch, Feb. 17, 2000.
`WaveSystems Supports IBM Initiative to Embed Security in the PC,
`Sep. 28, 1999.
`Which Net music technology will win, May 7, 1999.
`Who’s Gonna Own the Music (http://www.wired.com/news/culture/
`0,1284,31682,00.htrn1), Oct. 18, 1999.
`Worldwide music industry coordinates its strategy againts piracy,
`RIAA Press Release, Oct. 28, 1999.
`YP-E32 (http://yepp.co.kr/eng/pd.html)—Printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`Zappee ZMP 3000 (http://www.zappee.com/html/body_mp3_
`hardware.html), printed on Nov. 22, 1999.
`“Delkin Breaks 400MB Flash Memory Barrier for MP3 Players”,
`Richard Menta, MP3newswire.net, Oct. 2, 2000, available at http://
`www.mp3newswire.net/stories/2000/delkin2.htrn1.
`“First MP3 Portable with 128MB Built-in Flash Review: The Soul’’,
`Richard Menta, MP3newswire.net, Dec. 7, 1999, available at http://
`www.mp3newswire .net/stories/2000/soul .html.
`Richard Menta,
`“New_RaveMP_MP3_Players
`Debut”,
`MP3Newswire.net,
`Jun.
`30,
`2000,
`available
`at http://www.
`mp3newswire.net/stories/2000/drive.htrnl.
`“Pirates Beware: We’re Watching”, Wired.com, Jan. 3, 2001, avail-
`able at http://archive.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2001/01/
`40866.
`
`“SDMI Executive Director Challenges MP3.com Editorial”, Rich
`Menta, Nov. 4, 1999, available at http://www.mp3newswire.net/sto-
`ries/sdmi.htrnl.
`
`“SDMI: Divide or Conquer?”, Wired.com, Nov. 18, 1999, available
`at
`http://archive.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/ 1999/ 1 1/
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`
`“Smart Cards: A Case Study”, IBM International Technical Support
`Organization, Oct. 1998, available at http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/
`redbooks/pdfs/sg245239.pdf.
`“Smart cards: A primer”, JavaWorld, Dec. 1997, available at http://
`www.javaworld.com/article/2077101/1earnjava/smart-cards--a-
`primer.htrnl.
`“The End of SDMI”, Eric Scheirer, Technology Correspondent,
`MP3.com, Oct. 15, 1999, available at ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/eff/cafe/
`scheirerl .htrnl.
`
`“Web Sites and Recording Labels at Impasse on Fees”, Richtel, Matt,
`the NewYork Times, Nov. 29, 1999, available at http://www.nytimes.
`com/library/tech/99/11/biztech/articles/29tune.html.
`American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd Edition 1997): (defini-
`tion of “payment” and “pay”).
`Apple Inc. ’s Petition for Covered Business Method Patent Review in
`CBM2014-00110 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,336,772), dated Apr. 3, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`
`Apple Inc.’ s Petition for Covered Business Method Patent Review in
`CBM2014-00111 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,336,772), dated Apr. 3, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc.’ s Petition for Covered Business Method Patent Review in
`CBM2014-00112 (U.S. Pat. No. 7,942,317), dated Apr. 3, 2014
`(including Declarations).
`Apple Inc.’ s Petition for Covered Business Method Patent Review in
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`(including Declarations).
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