COMPUUN
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`COMPASS EXH. 1019 - Page1 of4
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`FOURTH EDITION
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`,OXFORD
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`J
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`COMPASS EXH. 1019 - Page 1 of 4
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`· Dictionary of
`Computing
`
`Fourth Edition
`
`Oxford New York Tokyo
`OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
`1996
`
`COMPASS EXH. 1019 - Page 2 of 4
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`Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP
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`Oxford is a trade mark of Oxford University Press
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`© Market House Books, 1983, 1986,1990,1996
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`First published 1993
`Reprinted 1983, 1984, 1985
`Second Edition 1986
`Third Edition 1990
`Reprinted 1990, 1991 (twice), 1992
`Fourth Edition 1996
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`ISBNO-J9-853855-3
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`Text prepared by Market House Books Ltd, Aylesbury
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`COMPASS EXH. 1019 - Page 3 of 4
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`SCISSORING
`
`times for the transistors constructed in this
`way.
`scissoring Removing the portion of an image
`that lies outside a specified region. See also
`clipping.
`scope That part of a program in which a par(cid:173)
`ticular * declaration applies.
`Scott-Ershov domain See domain.
`scratchpad A type of semiconductor memory
`that usually has small capacity but very fast
`access. It is used for temporary storage of
`intermediate results or other information
`that is required during the course of a com(cid:173)
`putation.
`screen 1. The surface of a cathode-ray tube or
`other * display device on which information
`can be, displayed.
`2. To select and display information in
`response to an instruction or an inquiry.
`screen dump A way of transferring the entire
`graphical or textual contents of a display
`screen to a printer. Each *pixel of the display
`appears as a dot of suitable density on the
`printer. Color screens can be dumped to
`color printers.
`screened cable See cable.
`screen editor See text editor.
`screensaver A program that is initiated after
`a display has remained unchanged for a
`definable period of time, usually a few min(cid:173)
`utes, to prevent a permanent pattern being
`physically burnt into the screen. In its sim(cid:173)
`plest form the program merely blanks the
`screen, but screensavers have become some(cid:173)
`thing of a subculture and can range from
`complex moving abstract shapes to colorful
`animated stories with many variations. It is
`also possible to have a whole set of screen(cid:173)
`savers and have one chosen at random on
`each occasion.
`script 1. (command file) A file containing com(cid:173)
`mands or other actions that could have been
`entered from the keyboard. This is a useful
`way of replaying often-used sequences of
`actions. In fact the * scripting languages usu(cid:173)
`ally have extra commands not available for
`direct use such as branches, loops, and pro(cid:173)
`cedure calls. There are also usually optional
`
`434
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`* parameters that allow the script to be made
`more general.
`2. See script theory.
`scripting language A programming lan(cid:173)
`guage that can be used to write programs to
`control an application or class of applica(cid:173)
`tions, typically interpreted. It may for exam(cid:173)
`ple be a language, such as AppleScript,
`Script-X, or HyperTalk, for defining multi(cid:173)
`media presentations. See also PERL, Python,
`Tcl.
`script theory A representation for modeling
`sequential series of events. Originally
`designed for *natural language processing,
`scripts capture the main events and themes in
`a story. A script can be seen as a stereotype
`and matched against other scripts or situa(cid:173)
`tions.
`scroll To move the information displayed on a
`screen in a vertical or horizontal direction: as
`information disappears at one edge new
`information becomes visible at the other
`edge, or alternatively space is provided for
`the entry of new data. The scrolling action is
`perceived 'as a smooth movement. In some
`displays the movement is in discrete incre(cid:173)
`ments of one line pitch and this is referred to
`as racking. Scrolling is technically more diffi(cid:173)
`cult to achieve but eases simultaneous read(cid:173)
`ing.
`scroll bar, scroll box See slider bar.
`SCSI (pronounced skuzy) Acronym for s~al1
`computer systems interface. A standard way
`of connecting peripheral devices, such as disk '
`storage units, to small and medium~sized
`computers. It is widely used to couple c:D(cid:173)
`ROM drives to personal computers. Up to
`seven disk units and one computer ca'nbe
`connected to each SCSI. The interfacejs
`specified in a document from the ANSIc~II1:,'~
`mittee X3.31. The first SCSI ,stand~rd,>;\
`SCSI-I, was specified in 1986, SCSI-2,c~~e'
`in 1992, and SCSI-3 is under develoPII1ent;
`SOH Abbrev. for synchronous digital hierarch)';JJ
`A set of CCITT standards, and IJ.L "'UU'':'':, . .,.~c..:;,:_
`implement those standards, intended L'~ 'Y~'Y,o";;JI
`port high-speed wide area ne1:wolrklng;;,J;P..S!1
`intention is to support bit rates from "
`Mbps range upward. The basic unit , '
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`COMPASS EXH. 1019 - Page 4 of 4
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