Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 1 of 22
`Case 1:14-cv-02396—PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 1 of 22
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` EXHIBIT N
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`EXHIBIT N
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`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 2 of 22
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`
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
`---------------------------------------------------------------X
`NETWORK-1 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.,
`
`§
`
`§
`§
`
`
`§
`v.
`§
`
`§
`GOOGLE LLC and YOUTUBE, LLC,
`§
`
`§
`
`§
`Defendants.
`
`§
`---------------------------------------------------------------X
`
`Case No. 1:14-cv-02396-PGG
`
`Case No. 1:14-cv-09558-PGG
`
`
`
`GOOGLE LLC AND YOUTUBE, LLC'S
`SUPPLEMENTAL INVALIDITY CONTENTIONS
`
`In accordance with Paragraph 6 of the Joint Proposed Case Management Plan (D.I. 137-
`
`1) and Local Patent Rule 7, Defendants Google LLC and YouTube, LLC (collectively,
`
`"Defendants") provide the following Supplemental Invalidity Contentions to Plaintiff Network-1
`
`Technologies, Inc. ("Network-1"). The exclusion of any prior art reference, software, or system
`
`from this disclosure does not constitute an admission that such reference does not anticipate
`
`and/or render obvious one or more claims of the asserted patents. Additionally, to the extent that
`
`prior art software or systems embody or are related to the printed patents or publications recited
`
`in this disclosure, Defendants reserve the right to assert the individual printed patents or
`
`publications listed in this pleading, as well as any related prior art software or systems.
`
`Defendants reserve the right to supplement or amend this disclosure at any time, including but
`
`not limited to the right to supplement or amend this disclosure in response to further discovery,
`
`further analysis, further prior art searching, the assertion of additional claims by Network-1,
`
`Network-1's litigation positions, Network-1's proposed claim constructions, or the Court's claim
`
`construction ruling.
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 3 of 22
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`
`
`At this time, Defendants identify the following asserted grounds of invalidity of the
`
`asserted patents:
`
`
`
`
`
`2
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 4 of 22
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,010,988
`
`All asserted claims of U.S. Patent No. 8,010,988 are invalid under at least:
`
` 35 U.S.C. § 101 (Unpatentable Subject Matter), because the asserted claims are
`directed to unpatentable abstract concepts, and the mere recitation of computer
`elements is insufficient to render the subject matter patentable.
`
` 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103 (Anticipation and Obviousness), because at least the
`following references, software, systems, and combinations thereof, disclose all
`elements of the asserted claims:
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,874,686 to Ghias
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,933,811 to Angles
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,999,689 to Iggulden
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,098,106 to Philyaw
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,044,376 to Kurtzmann
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,188,010 to Iwamura
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,201,176 to Yourlo
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,285,995 to Abdel-Mottaleb
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,418,430 to DeFazio
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,469,749 to Dimitrova
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,502,105 to Yan
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,505,160 to Levy
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,512,919 to Ogasawara
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,597,405 to Iggulden
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,751,343 to Ferrell
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,912,571 to Serena
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,970,886 to Conwell
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,185,201 to Rhoads
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,251,476 to Kawamoto
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,333,957 to Levy
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,349,668 to Han
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,356,830 to Dimitrova
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,444,353 to Chen
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,712,125 to Herigstad
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,743,092 to Wood
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,870,088 to Chen
`o U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2003/0182113 to Huang
`o WO 99/04568 to Ferris
`o Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 2000-172693
`o Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 2000-172693
`o "Fixed-Radius Near Neighbors Search," Volker Turau (August 30, 1991)
`o "Manipulation of Music for Melody Making," Alexandra L. Uitenbogerd
`and Justin Zobel
`o "Deploying Video on the Web," Chuck Fuller (December 1999)
`
`3
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 5 of 22
`
`
`
`o "ImaginOn To Showcase Instant Interactive Internet 'Television Station in
`a Box' At PC EXPO 2000!," Business Wire (June 22, 2000)
`o "Now Featuring . . . Movie Databases, Part II: The Software," Péter Jacsó
`and Judit Tiszai, Database (April/May 1995), pp. 29-39
`o "Smarter TV to Add $25B in Revenues: Holy Grail of Advertising
`Coming in the Form of Metadata," Broadcaster (August 2000)
`o "The Future of Internet Multimedia on Display at Streaming Media West
`'99," Business Wire (November 30, 1999)
`o "Efficient Similarity Search in Digital Libraries," Christian Böhm, et al.,
`IEEE Advances in Digital Libraries (May 22-24, 2000)
`o "Approximate String Matching," Patrick Hall and Geoff Dowling, ACM
`Computing Surveys (December 1980)
`o "An Optimal Algorithm for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Searching in
`o Fixed Dimensions," Sunil Arya, et al., Journal of the ACM (1998).
`o "Using Extended Feature Objects for Partial Similarity Retrieval," Stefan
`o Berchtold, et al., The VLDB Journal (1997), pp. 333-348
`o “Image Indexing and Retrieval Based on Human Perceptual Color
`Clustering,” Y. Gong, G. Proietti, C. Faloutsos, Proceedings of the 1998
`IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
`Recognition (June 25, 1998)
`o “Increasing Retrieval Efficiency by Index Tree Adaptation,” H.D. Tagare,
`Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE Workshop on Content-Based Access of
`Image and Video Libraries (June 20, 1997)
`o “Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval,” J.E. Barros,
`J.C. French, W.N. Martin, P.M. Kelly, and J.M. White, Proceedings of the
`23rd AIPR Workshop: Image and Information Systems: Applications and
`Opportunities (SPIE 1995)
`o “An Image Database System with Fast Image Indexing Capability Based
`on Color Histograms,” G. Yihong, Z. Hongjiang, C.H. Chuan,
`Proceedings of TENCON’94 – 1994 IEEE Region 10’s 9th Annual
`International Conference on ‘Frontiers of Computer Technology’ (Aug.
`22-26, 1994)
`o “Content-Based Image Retrieval in Medical Applications: A Novel
`Multistep Approach,” T.M. Lehmann, B.B. Wein, J. Dahmen, J. Bredno,
`F. Vogelsang, M. Kohnen, Proceedings of 2000 SPIE Electronic Imaging
`Conference (December 23, 1999)
`o “Efficient User-Adaptable Similarity Search in Large Multimedia
`Databases,” Thomas Seidl and Hans-Peter Kriegel, VLDB ’97
`Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Very Large Data
`Bases (August 25-29, 1997)
`o “A Multistep Approach for Shape Similarity Search in Image Databases,”
`M. Ankerst, H.-P. Kriegel, T. Seidel, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge
`and Data Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 6 (Nov./Dec. 1998)
`o “Indexing Shapes in Image Databases Using the Centroid-Radii Model,”
`Kian-Lee Tan, Beng Chin Ooi, Lay Foo Thiang, Data & Knowledge
`Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 3 (March 2000)
`
`4
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 6 of 22
`
`
`
`o “Image Retrieval Using Flexible Image Sub-Blocks,” B.C. Ko, H-S. Lee,
`H. Byun, Proceedings of the 2000 ACM Symposium on Applied
`Computing, Volume 2 (ACM 2000)
`o “MOSAIC: A Fast Multi-Feature Image Retrieval System,” Shen-Tat Goh
`and Kian-Lee Tan, Data & Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3 (June
`2000)
`o “Medical Image Collection Indexing: Shape-Based Retrieval Using KD-
`trees,” G.P. Robinson, H.D. Tagare, J.S. Duncan, C.C. Jaffe,
`Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, Vol. 20, No. 4 (July-
`August 1996)
`o “A Hierarchical System for Efficient Image Retrieval,” A. Vailaya, Y.
`Zhong, A.K. Jain, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
`Pattern Recognition (Aug. 25-29, 1996)
`o “Dimensionality Reduction for Image Retrieval,” P. Wu., B.S. Manjunath,
`H.D. Shin, Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image
`Processing (Sept. 10-13, 2000)
`o “Fast Image Retrieval Using Color-Spatial Information,” Beng Chin Ooi,
`Kian-Lee Tan, Tat Seng Chua, Wynne Hsu, The VLDB Journal, Vol. 7,
`No. 2 (May 1998)
`o “Image Retrieval Using Color and Shapes,” A.K. Jain and A. Vailaya,
`Pattern Recognition, Vol. 29, No. 8 (Aug. 1996)
`o NeTra System and Related Art
` “NeTra: A Toolbox for Navigating Large Image Databases,” W.Y.
`Ma, B.S. Manjunath, Proceedings of the International Conference
`on Image Processing (Oct. 26-29, 1996)
` “Adaptive Filtering and Indexing for Image Databases,” A.D.
`Alexandrov, W.Y. Ma, A. El Abbadi, B.S. Manjunath,
`IS&T/SPIE’s Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and
`Technology (SPIE 1995)
` “Dimensionality Reduction Using Multi-Dimensional Scaling for
`Content-Based Retrieval,” M. Beatty, B.S. Manjunath, Proceedings
`of International Conference on Image Processing (Oct. 26-29,
`1997)
` “Texture Features and Learning Similarity,” W.Y. Ma, B.S.
`Manjunath, Proceedings CVPR IEEE Computer Society
`Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (June 18-
`20, 1996)
` “A Texture Thesaurus for Browsing Large Aerial Photographs,”
`Wei-Ying Ma, B.S. Manjunath, Journal of the American Society
`for Information Science, Vol. 49, No. 7 (January 1999)
`o Blobworld System and Related Art
` “Blobworld: A System for Region-based Image Indexing and
`Retrieval,” C. Carson, M. Thomas, S. Belongie, J. Hellerstein, J.
`Malik (ACM Technical Report, 1999)
`o Photobook System and Related Art
`
`5
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 7 of 22
`
`
`
` “Photobook: Content-Based Manipulation of Image Databases,” A.
`Pentland, R.W. Picard, S. Sclaroff, International Journal of
`Computer Vision, Vol. 18, No. 3 (June 1996)
`o Virage System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 5,893,095 to Jain
` U.S. Patent No. 5,913,205 to Jain
` U.S. Patent No. 5,915,250 to Jain
` U.S. Patent No. 6,084,595 to Bach
` “Virage Image Search Engine: An Open Framework for Image
`Management,” J.R. Bach, C. Fuller, A. Gupta, A. Hampapur, B.
`Horowitz, R. Humphrey, R.C. Jain, Chiao-Fe Shu, Electronic
`Imaging: Science and Technology (SPIE 1996)
` “Virage Video Engine,” A. Hampapur, A. Gupta, B. Horowitz,
`Chiao-Fe Shu, C. Fuller, J.R. Bach, M. Gorkani, R.C. Jain,
`Electronic Imaging ’97 (SPIE 1997)
`o Medical Image Database System at the University of Maryland and
`Related Art
` “Fast Nearest Neighbor Search in Medical Image Databases,” F.
`Korn, N. Sidiropoulos, C. Faloutsos, E. Siegel, Z. Protopapas,
`VLDB ’96 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on
`Very Large Databases (Sept. 3-6, 1996)
` “Fast and Effective Retrieval of Medical Tumor Shapes,” F. Korn,
`N. Sidiropolous, C. Faloutsos, E. Siegel, and Z. Protopapas, IEEE
`Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
`(November/December 1998) (and system implementation
`referenced therein)
`o IBM Query by Image Content (QBIC System) and Related Art
`(implementations within Ultimedia Manager, IBM Digital Library, Image
`Extender in DB2 Universal, the MediaMiner Software Tool Series, and
`other implementations addressed in the references included herein)
` U.S. Patent No. 5,579,471 to Barber
` U.S. Patent No. 5,751,286 to Barber
` U.S. Patent No. 5,647,058 to Agrawal
` U.S. Patent No. 7,318,053 to Cha
` “Query By Image and Video Content: The QBIC System,” M.
`Flickner, H. Sawhney, W. Niblack, J. Ashley, Q. Huang, B. Dom,
`M. Gorkani, J. Hafner, D. Lee, D. Petkovic, D. Steele, P. Yanker,
`Computer, Vol. 28, No. 9 (Sept. 1995)
` “Updates to the QBIC System,” C.W. Niblack, X. Zhu, J.L.
`Hafner, T. Breuel, D.B. Ponceleon, D. Petkovic, M.D. Flickner, E.
`Upfal, S. Nin, S. Sull, B.E. Dom, B.-L. Yeo, S. Srinivasan, D.
`Zivkovic, M. Penner, Photonics West ’98 Conference (SPIE 1998)
` “QBIC Project: Querying Images by Content, Using Color,
`Texture, and Shape,” C.W. Niblack, R. Barber, W. Equitz, M.D.
`Flickner, E.H. Glasman, D. Petkovic, P. Yanker, C. Faloutsos, G.
`
`6
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 8 of 22
`
`Taubin, Proceedings of SPIE Storage and Retrieval for Image and
`Databases (April 14, 1993)
` “Efficient and Effective Querying by Image Content,” C.
`Faloutsos, R. Barber, M. Flickner, J. Hafner, W. Niblack, D.
`Petkovic, W. Equitz, Journal of Intelligent Information Systems,
`Vol. 3, No. 3-4 (July 1994)
` “Efficient Color Histogram Indexing For Quadratic Form Distance
`Functions,” J. Hafner, H.S. Sawhney, W. Equitz, M. Flickner, W.
`Niblack, IEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
`Intelligence, Vol. 17, No. 7 (July 1995)
`o Audible Magic’s Clango Content Matching System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 5,918,223 to Blum
` “Content-based Classification, Search, and Retrieval of Audio,” E.
`Wold, T. Blum, D. Keislar, J. Wheaten, IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 3,
`No. 3 (Fall 1996)
`o MoodLogic Prior Art System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 6,539,395 to Gjerdingen
`o Shazam’s Audio Content Matching System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 6,990,453 to Wang
` U.S. Patent No. 7,853,664 to Wang
`o Philips Audio Fingerprinting System
` 35 U.S.C. § 112 (Lack of Written Description), because the patent fails to
`demonstrate possession of at least the following claim terms (without limitation to
`the particular phrasing enumerated below):
`o Claim 17: “non-exhaustive search”
`o Claim 17: “non-exhaustive search [that] is sublinear”
` 35 U.S.C. § 112 (Lack of Enablement), because patent fails to enable a person
`skilled in the art to implement at least the following claim terms (without
`limitation to the particular phrasing enumerated below):
`o Claim 17: “non-exhaustive search”
`o Claim 17: “non-exhaustive search [that] is sublinear”
` 35 U.S.C. § 112 (Indefiniteness), because the patent fails to inform with
`reasonable clarity those skilled in the art about the scope of at least the following
`claim terms (without limitation to the particular phrasing enumerated below):
`o Claim 17: “non-exhaustive search”
`o Claim 17: “non-exhaustive search [that] is sublinear”
`
`
`7
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 9 of 22
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,205,237
`
`All asserted claims of U.S. Patent No. 8,205,237 are invalid under at least:
`
` 35 U.S.C. § 101 (Unpatentable Subject Matter), because the asserted claims are
`directed to unpatentable abstract concepts, and the mere recitation of computer
`elements is insufficient to render the subject matter patentable.
`
` 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103 (Anticipation and Obviousness), because at least the
`following references, software, systems, and combinations thereof, disclose all
`elements of the asserted claims:
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,874,686 to Ghias
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,933,811 to Angles
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,999,689 to Iggulden
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,098,106 to Philyaw
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,044,376 to Kurtzmann
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,188,010 to Iwamura
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,201,176 to Yourlo
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,285,995 to Abdel-Mottaleb
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,418,430 to DeFazio
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,469,749 to Dimitrova
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,502,105 to Yan
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,505,160 to Levy
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,512,919 to Ogasawara
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,597,405 to Iggulden
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,751,343 to Ferrell
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,912,571 to Serena
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,970,886 to Conwell
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,185,201 to Rhoads
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,251,476 to Kawamoto
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,333,957 to Levy
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,349,668 to Han
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,356,830 to Dimitrova
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,444,353 to Chen
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,712,125 to Herigstad
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,743,092 to Wood
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,870,088 to Chen
`o U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2003/0182113 to Huang
`o WO 99/04568 to Ferris
`o Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 2000-172693
`o Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 2000-172693
`o "Fixed-Radius Near Neighbors Search," Volker Turau (August 30, 1991)
`o "Manipulation of Music for Melody Making," Alexandra L. Uitenbogerd
`and Justin Zobel
`o "Deploying Video on the Web," Chuck Fuller (December 1999)
`
`8
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 10 of 22
`
`
`
`o "ImaginOn To Showcase Instant Interactive Internet 'Television Station in
`a Box' At PC EXPO 2000!," Business Wire (June 22, 2000)
`o "Now Featuring . . . Movie Databases, Part II: The Software," Péter Jacsó
`and Judit Tiszai, Database (April/May 1995), pp. 29-39
`o "Smarter TV to Add $25B in Revenues: Holy Grail of Advertising
`Coming in the Form of Metadata," Broadcaster (August 2000)
`o "The Future of Internet Multimedia on Display at Streaming Media West
`'99," Business Wire (November 30, 1999)
`o "Efficient Similarity Search in Digital Libraries," Christian Böhm, et al.,
`IEEE Advances in Digital Libraries (May 22-24, 2000)
`o "Approximate String Matching," Patrick Hall and Geoff Dowling, ACM
`Computing Surveys (December 1980)
`o "An Optimal Algorithm for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Searching in
`o Fixed Dimensions," Sunil Arya, et al., Journal of the ACM (1998).
`o "Using Extended Feature Objects for Partial Similarity Retrieval," Stefan
`o Berchtold, et al., The VLDB Journal (1997), pp. 333-348
`o “Image Indexing and Retrieval Based on Human Perceptual Color
`Clustering,” Y. Gong, G. Proietti, C. Faloutsos, Proceedings of the 1998
`IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
`Recognition (June 25, 1998)
`o “Increasing Retrieval Efficiency by Index Tree Adaptation,” H.D. Tagare,
`Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE Workshop on Content-Based Access of
`Image and Video Libraries (June 20, 1997)
`o “Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval,” J.E. Barros,
`J.C. French, W.N. Martin, P.M. Kelly, and J.M. White, Proceedings of the
`23rd AIPR Workshop: Image and Information Systems: Applications and
`Opportunities (SPIE 1995)
`o “An Image Database System with Fast Image Indexing Capability Based
`on Color Histograms,” G. Yihong, Z. Hongjiang, C.H. Chuan,
`Proceedings of TENCON’94 – 1994 IEEE Region 10’s 9th Annual
`International Conference on ‘Frontiers of Computer Technology’ (Aug.
`22-26, 1994)
`o “Content-Based Image Retrieval in Medical Applications: A Novel
`Multistep Approach,” T.M. Lehmann, B.B. Wein, J. Dahmen, J. Bredno,
`F. Vogelsang, M. Kohnen, Proceedings of 2000 SPIE Electronic Imaging
`Conference (December 23, 1999)
`o “Efficient User-Adaptable Similarity Search in Large Multimedia
`Databases,” Thomas Seidl and Hans-Peter Kriegel, VLDB ’97
`Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Very Large Data
`Bases (August 25-29, 1997)
`o “A Multistep Approach for Shape Similarity Search in Image Databases,”
`M. Ankerst, H.-P. Kriegel, T. Seidel, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge
`and Data Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 6 (Nov./Dec. 1998)
`o “Indexing Shapes in Image Databases Using the Centroid-Radii Model,”
`Kian-Lee Tan, Beng Chin Ooi, Lay Foo Thiang, Data & Knowledge
`Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 3 (March 2000)
`
`9
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 11 of 22
`
`
`
`o “Image Retrieval Using Flexible Image Sub-Blocks,” B.C. Ko, H-S. Lee,
`H. Byun, Proceedings of the 2000 ACM Symposium on Applied
`Computing, Volume 2 (ACM 2000)
`o “MOSAIC: A Fast Multi-Feature Image Retrieval System,” Shen-Tat Goh
`and Kian-Lee Tan, Data & Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3 (June
`2000)
`o “Medical Image Collection Indexing: Shape-Based Retrieval Using KD-
`trees,” G.P. Robinson, H.D. Tagare, J.S. Duncan, C.C. Jaffe,
`Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, Vol. 20, No. 4 (July-
`August 1996)
`o “A Hierarchical System for Efficient Image Retrieval,” A. Vailaya, Y.
`Zhong, A.K. Jain, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
`Pattern Recognition (Aug. 25-29, 1996)
`o “Dimensionality Reduction for Image Retrieval,” P. Wu., B.S. Manjunath,
`H.D. Shin, Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image
`Processing (Sept. 10-13, 2000)
`o “Fast Image Retrieval Using Color-Spatial Information,” Beng Chin Ooi,
`Kian-Lee Tan, Tat Seng Chua, Wynne Hsu, The VLDB Journal, Vol. 7,
`No. 2 (May 1998)
`o “Image Retrieval Using Color and Shapes,” A.K. Jain and A. Vailaya,
`Pattern Recognition, Vol. 29, No. 8 (Aug. 1996)
`o NeTra System and Related Art
` “NeTra: A Toolbox for Navigating Large Image Databases,” W.Y.
`Ma, B.S. Manjunath, Proceedings of the International Conference
`on Image Processing (Oct. 26-29, 1996)
` “Adaptive Filtering and Indexing for Image Databases,” A.D.
`Alexandrov, W.Y. Ma, A. El Abbadi, B.S. Manjunath,
`IS&T/SPIE’s Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and
`Technology (SPIE 1995)
` “Dimensionality Reduction Using Multi-Dimensional Scaling for
`Content-Based Retrieval,” M. Beatty, B.S. Manjunath, Proceedings
`of International Conference on Image Processing (Oct. 26-29,
`1997)
` “Texture Features and Learning Similarity,” W.Y. Ma, B.S.
`Manjunath, Proceedings CVPR IEEE Computer Society
`Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (June 18-
`20, 1996)
` “A Texture Thesaurus for Browsing Large Aerial Photographs,”
`Wei-Ying Ma, B.S. Manjunath, Journal of the American Society
`for Information Science, Vol. 49, No. 7 (January 1999)
`o Blobworld System and Related Art
` “Blobworld: A System for Region-based Image Indexing and
`Retrieval,” C. Carson, M. Thomas, S. Belongie, J. Hellerstein, J.
`Malik (ACM Technical Report, 1999)
`o Photobook System and Related Art
`
`10
`
`

`

`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 12 of 22
`
`
`
` “Photobook: Content-Based Manipulation of Image Databases,” A.
`Pentland, R.W. Picard, S. Sclaroff, International Journal of
`Computer Vision, Vol. 18, No. 3 (June 1996)
`o Virage System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 5,893,095 to Jain
` U.S. Patent No. 5,913,205 to Jain
` U.S. Patent No. 5,915,250 to Jain
` U.S. Patent No. 6,084,595 to Bach
` “Virage Image Search Engine: An Open Framework for Image
`Management,” J.R. Bach, C. Fuller, A. Gupta, A. Hampapur, B.
`Horowitz, R. Humphrey, R.C. Jain, Chiao-Fe Shu, Electronic
`Imaging: Science and Technology (SPIE 1996)
` “Virage Video Engine,” A. Hampapur, A. Gupta, B. Horowitz,
`Chiao-Fe Shu, C. Fuller, J.R. Bach, M. Gorkani, R.C. Jain,
`Electronic Imaging ’97 (SPIE 1997)
`o Medical Image Database System at the University of Maryland and
`Related Art
` “Fast Nearest Neighbor Search in Medical Image Databases,” F.
`Korn, N. Sidiropoulos, C. Faloutsos, E. Siegel, Z. Protopapas,
`VLDB ’96 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on
`Very Large Databases (Sept. 3-6, 1996)
` “Fast and Effective Retrieval of Medical Tumor Shapes,” F. Korn,
`N. Sidiropolous, C. Faloutsos, E. Siegel, and Z. Protopapas, IEEE
`Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
`(November/December 1998) (and system implementation
`referenced therein)
`o IBM Query by Image Content (QBIC System) and Related Art
`(implementations within Ultimedia Manager, IBM Digital Library, Image
`Extender in DB2 Universal, the MediaMiner Software Tool Series, and
`other implementations addressed in the references included herein)
` U.S. Patent No. 5,579,471 to Barber
` U.S. Patent No. 5,751,286 to Barber
` U.S. Patent No. 5,647,058 to Agrawal
` U.S. Patent No. 7,318,053 to Cha
` “Query By Image and Video Content: The QBIC System,” M.
`Flickner, H. Sawhney, W. Niblack, J. Ashley, Q. Huang, B. Dom,
`M. Gorkani, J. Hafner, D. Lee, D. Petkovic, D. Steele, P. Yanker,
`Computer, Vol. 28, No. 9 (Sept. 1995)
` “Updates to the QBIC System,” C.W. Niblack, X. Zhu, J.L.
`Hafner, T. Breuel, D.B. Ponceleon, D. Petkovic, M.D. Flickner, E.
`Upfal, S. Nin, S. Sull, B.E. Dom, B.-L. Yeo, S. Srinivasan, D.
`Zivkovic, M. Penner, Photonics West ’98 Conference (SPIE 1998)
` “QBIC Project: Querying Images by Content, Using Color,
`Texture, and Shape,” C.W. Niblack, R. Barber, W. Equitz, M.D.
`Flickner, E.H. Glasman, D. Petkovic, P. Yanker, C. Faloutsos, G.
`
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`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 13 of 22
`
`Taubin, Proceedings of SPIE Storage and Retrieval for Image and
`Databases (April 14, 1993)
` “Efficient and Effective Querying by Image Content,” C.
`Faloutsos, R. Barber, M. Flickner, J. Hafner, W. Niblack, D.
`Petkovic, W. Equitz, Journal of Intelligent Information Systems,
`Vol. 3, No. 3-4 (July 1994)
` “Efficient Color Histogram Indexing For Quadratic Form Distance
`Functions,” J. Hafner, H.S. Sawhney, W. Equitz, M. Flickner, W.
`Niblack, IEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
`Intelligence, Vol. 17, No. 7 (July 1995)
`o Audible Magic’s Clango Content Matching System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 5,918,223 to Blum
` “Content-based Classification, Search, and Retrieval of Audio,” E.
`Wold, T. Blum, D. Keislar, J. Wheaten, IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 3,
`No. 3 (Fall 1996)
`o MoodLogic Prior Art System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 6,539,395 to Gjerdingen
`o Shazam’s Audio Content Matching System and Related Art
` U.S. Patent No. 6,990,453 to Wang
` U.S. Patent No. 7,853,664 to Wang
`o Philips Audio Fingerprinting System
` 35 U.S.C. § 112 (Lack of Written Description), because the patent fails to
`demonstrate possession of at least the following claim terms (without limitation to
`the particular phrasing enumerated below):
`o Claims 33, 34, 35: “approximate nearest neighbor search”
` 35 U.S.C. § 112 (Lack of Enablement), because patent fails to enable a person
`skilled in the art to implement at least the following claim terms (without
`limitation to the particular phrasing enumerated below):
`o Claims 33, 34, 35: “approximate nearest neighbor search”
`
`
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`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 14 of 22
`
`
`
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`
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,904,464
`
`All asserted claims of U.S. Patent No. 8,904,464 are invalid under at least:
`
` 35 U.S.C. § 101 (Unpatentable Subject Matter), because the asserted claims are
`directed to unpatentable abstract concepts, and the mere recitation of computer
`elements is insufficient to render the subject matter patentable.
`
` 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103 (Anticipation and Obviousness), because at least the
`following references, software, systems, and combinations thereof, disclose all
`elements of the asserted claims:
`o U.S. Patent No. 4,381,522 to Lambert
`o U.S. Patent No. 4,907,276 to Aldersberg
`o U.S. Patent No. 4,958,225 to Bi
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,019,899 to Boles
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,343,251 to Nafeh
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,485,518 to Hunter
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,410,326 to Goldstein
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,579,471 to Barber
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,647,058 to Agrawal
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,668,917 to Lewine
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,751,286 to Barber
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,874,686 to Ghias
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,893,095 to Jain
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,901,244 to Souma
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,913,205 to Jain
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,915,250 to Jain
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,918,223 to Blum
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,933,811 to Angles
`o U.S. Patent No. 5,999,689 to Iggulden
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,070,167 to Qian
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,084,595 to Bach
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,098,106 to Philyaw
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,044,376 to Kurtzmann
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,128,410 to Park
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,148,295 to Megiddo
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,173,275 to Caid
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,188,010 to Iwamura
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,201,176 to Yourlo
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,260,007 to Higginbotham
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,285,995 to Abdel-Mottaleb
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,289,354 to Aggarwal
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,400,652 to Goldberg
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,418,430 to DeFazio
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,466,670 to Tsuria
`
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`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 15 of 22
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`
`
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,469,749 to Dimitrova
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,496,981 to Wistendahl
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,502,105 to Yan
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,505,160 to Levy
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,507,830 to Liu
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,535,640 to Rajagopal
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,535,889 to Headrick
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,539,395 to Gjerdingen
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,512,919 to Ogasawara
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,573,907 to Madrane
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,577,346 to Perlman
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,597,405 to Iggulden
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,642,940 to Dakss
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,704,738 to de Vries
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,751,343 to Ferrell
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,816,628 to Sarachik
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,833,848 to Wolff
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,859,799 to Yuen
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,912,571 to Serena
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,970,886 to Conwell
`o U.S. Patent No. 6,990,453 to Wang
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,076,463 to Boies
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,092,901 to Davis
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,185,201 to Rhoads
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,251,475 to Kawamoto
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,318,053 to Cha
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,333,957 to Levy
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,363,277 to Dutta
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,349,668 to Ilan
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,356,830 to Dimitrova
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,421,729 to Zenoni
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,536,706 to Sezan
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,712,125 to Herigstad
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,743,092 to Wood
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,444,353 to Chen
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,853,664 to Wang
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,870,088 to Chen
`o U.S. Patent No. 7,908,172 to Corts
`o U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2002/0092019 to Marcus
`o U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2003/0110499 to Knudson
`o U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2003/0182113 to Huang
`o WO 99/04568 to Ferris
`o WO 00/16205 to Philyaw
`o WO 99/22336 to Barreca
`o Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 2000-172693
`o Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 2000-172693
`
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`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 10/01/19 Page 16 of 22
`
`
`
`o "Fixed-Radius Near Neighbors Search," Volker Turau (August 30, 1991)
`o "Manipulation of Music for Melody Making," Alexandra L. Uitenbogerd
`and Justin Zobel
`o "Deploying Video on the Web," Chuck Fuller (December 1999)
`o "ImaginOn To Showcase Instant Interactive Internet 'Television Station in
`a Box' At PC EXPO 2000!," Business Wire (June 22, 2000)
`o "Now Featuring . . . Movie Databases, Part II: The Software," Péter Jacsó
`and Judit Tiszai, Database (April/May 1995), pp. 29-39
`o "Smarter TV to Add $25B in Revenues: Holy Grail of Advertising
`Coming in the Form of Metadata," Broadcaster (August 2000)
`o "The Future of Internet Multimedia on Display at Streaming Media West
`'99," Business Wire (November 30, 1999)
`o "Efficient Similarity Search in Digital Libraries," Christian Böhm, et al.,
`IEEE Advances in Digital Libraries (May 22-24, 2000)
`o "Approximate String Matching," Patrick Hall and Geoff Dowling, ACM
`Computing Surveys (December 1980)
`o "An Optimal Algorithm for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Searching in
`Fixed Dimensions," Sunil Arya, et al., Journal of the ACM (1998).
`o "Using Extended Feature Objects for Partial Similarity Retrieval," Stefan
`Berchtold, et al., The VLDB Journal (1997), pp. 333-348
`o "Finding pirated video sequences on the Internet," Piotr Indyk, Giridharan
`Iyengar, Narayanan Shivakumar, Stanford Infolab (February 1999)
`o "A hypervideo system generator," Yung-Chen Hung, Software: Practice
`and Experience, Vol. 27, Issue 11, pp. 1263-1281 (November 1997)
`o “HyperActive: An Automated Tool for Creating Hyperlinked Video,”
`Jonathan Dakss, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (September 1999)
`o “Adding Hyperlinks to Digital Television,” V. Michael Bove, Jr. et al.,
`Proc. 140th SMPTE Technical Conference (1998)
`o ContentWise.com, web archive (May to August 2000)
`o “Visual Associations in DejaVideo,” Nevenka Dimitrova et al., Asian
`Conference on Computer Vision (2000)
`o “Wavelet-based video indexing and querying,” Xiaodong Wen et al.,
`Multimedia Systems 7: 350-358 (1999)
`o “Using Content-Based Search to Download Digital Video into a Client
`Station,” Ming-Syan Chen et al., Real-Time Imaging 2, 35-44 (1996)
`o “Estimation of Web Video Multiplicity,” Sen-ching Samson Cheung &
`Avideh Zakhor, IS&T/SPIE Conference on Internet Imaging (January
`2000)
`o “Searching for Multimedia on the World Wide Web,” Michael J. Swain,
`CRL 99/1 (March 1999)
`o “AudiCom: a Video Analysis System for Auditing Commercial
`Broadcasts,” Muan Maria Sanchez and Xavier Binefa, IEEE (1999)
`o “QPD: Query by Pitch Dynamics, Indexing tonal music by content,” Doug
`Beeferman, 15-829 Course Project (December 4, 1997)
`o “On the Detection and Recognition of Television Commercials,” R.
`Lienhart et al., Reihe Informatik 16/96
`
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`Case 1:14-cv-02396-PGG-MHD Document 176-14 Filed 1