`
`
`
`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS
`
`
`PHILIPS NORTH AMERICA LLC,
`
`v.
`
`FITBIT, INC.,
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`Defendant.
`
`Civil Action No. 1:19-cv-11586-FDS
`
` REDACTED
`
`
`PLAINTIFF’S PRESENTATION FOR MOTIONS TO STRIKE
`AND PRECLUDE EXPERT TESTIMONY
`
`
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`
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 2 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 3 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 3 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 4 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 4 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 6 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 6 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 7 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 7 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 8 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 8 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 9 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 9 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 11 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 11 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 21 of 67
`
`2
`
`Expert Report and Testimony
`Motion to Strike Dr. Martin’s
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 22 of 67
`
`a.No challenge to underlying notice of infringement of each product and each claim.
`Product” theory)
`Fitbit challenges notice of Martin’s testing evidence (Fitbit dubbed “Representative
`
`a.No challenge to Cardio Fitness Scores and Cardio Fitness Level based on exercise
`Score”)
`calculated based on exercise information including GPS (Fitbit dubbed “Run Cardio Fitness
`Fitbit challenges notice of Philips’ allegation of infringement by Cardio Fitness Score
`
`information including heart rate and accelerometers.
`
`services to others, etc.” Dkt. 270-10 at 9.
`for the purposes of “testing its products and services, demonstrating its products and
`a.No challenge to direct infringement performed by Fitbit. Fitbit performs the method
`infringement.
`Fitbit challenges notice of Philips’ allegation that Fitbit directly infringes by joint
`
`b.No challenge to direct infringement performed by Fitbit Users and Inducement by
`
`through their account.” Dkt. 270-10 at 9.
`Fitbit. “[T]he customers directly infringe by using the Fitbit system, App, and services
`
`3
`
`3.
`
`2.
`
`1.
`
`Fitbit asserts that Philips violated LR 16.6(d) and failed to fully respond to Fitbit Int. No. 9.
`
`Fitbit’s Arguments
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 23 of 67
`
`4
`
`Philips Put Fitbit on Notice of
`
`Joint Infringement
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 24 of 67
`
`5
`
`•May 15, 2020 Supplemental Disclosures (Dkt. 270-11, Exhibit 11; Dkt. 287-1 to 287-9,
`
`Provided updated claim charts
`
`•
`
`Exhibits 1-9)
`
`•March 17, 2020 Supplemental Disclosures (Dkt. 270-10, Exhibit 10)
`
`February 10, 2020 Response to Interrogatory (Dkt. 270-3, Exhibit 3)
`
`Incorporated the First Amended Complaint (Dkt. 25) of November 27, 2019
`Included claim charts
`
`
`
`••
`
`January 31, 2020 Disclosures (Dkt. 270-9, Exhibit 9)
`
`•
`
`•
`
`Philips Provided Extensive Responses
`
`Provided additional disclosure on performance of method
`
`Fitbit performs when it demonstrates, tests, etc.
`Fitbit Users perform when they purchase
`
`
`
`••
`
`•
`
`•Re-explained joint infringement from the complaint
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 25 of 67
`
`Dkt. 270-12 at 6
`
`6
`
`perform the steps of the method by “us[ing] the Accused Products.” Dkt. 270-11 at 3.
`May 15, 2020 claim charts, Dkt. 270-11 at 3 and D.I. 270-12 at 6. Fitbit and Fitbit users
`
`Philips Claim Charts
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 26 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 26 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 30 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 30 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 33 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 33 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 35 of 67
`
`Evidence for Invalidity Defense”, and “Identity of Real Parties in Interest”
`Anticipation or Obviousness”, “Other Grounds for Invalidity”, “Supporting
`“Source Code”, “Noninfringement Claim Charts”, “Invalidity Claim Charts –
`Subsections (A)-(H): The disclosures are “Technical Documents”, “Samples”,
`
`Source Code, and Samples of Accused Products”
`LR 16.6(d)(4): “Accused Infringer’s Preliminary Production of Technical Documents,
`
`among other things “the sufficiency of the patentee’s disclosures”
`LR 16.6(d)(2): “Conference Concerning Preliminary Patent Disclosures” to address
`
`“Prosecution History”, “Ownership Evidence” and “Real Parties In Interest.”
`Subsections (A)-(D): The disclosures are “Infringement Claim Charts”,
`
`LR 16.6(d)(1): “Patentee’s PreliminaryPatent Related Disclosures”
`LR 16.6(d)
`
`
`
`17
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 36 of 67
`
`•Rule 26(a)(2) expert disclosures are part of the Rule 26 disclosures.
`information or identify a witness as required by Rule 26(a) or (e)…”
`Rule 37(c) includes precondition to any preclusion: “If a party fails to provide
`
`•Rule 26(a)(2) “Disclosure of Expert Testimony”
`•Rule 26(a)(1) “Initial Disclosure”
`Expert discovery is part of Rule 26(a) “Required Disclosures”
`
`•The roles of Fitbit and Fitbit Users were extensively explained.
`the role of each party in the infringement.”
`LR 16.6(d)(1)(A): “if any alleged infringement is based on the acts of multiple parties,
`Fitbit Misinterprets the Rules
`
`
`
`18
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 37 of 67
`
`2015 WL 3640694 (N.D. Cal. Jun. 11, 2015).
`contentions.” The court cited Finjan, Inc. v. Blue Coat Sys. Inc., No. 13-03999,
`raised, albeit with inadequate facts and allegations, in its infringement
`fully explain[ed]’ the plaintiff’s DOE infringement theories that had already been
`•The court specifically distinguished the situation where “an expert report [] ‘more
`
`to strike in such situations.
`[could] provide[] more detail”). The court noted that 5 decisions denied motions
`theory but did not provide detailed contentions” noting that an “expert report
`provided like “plaintiff reserved the right to pursue an equivalency infringement
`
`•The court distinguished situations where “some measure of notice” had been
`
`addition of equivalent infringement after close of fact discovery.
`add equivalent infringement theories.” As a result, the court did not permit the
`theory” and “Inline concedes that it did not disclose or even reserve the right to
`“Inline’sInfringement Contentions were purely based on a literal infringement
`
`Mass. Feb. 23, 2021)(Judge Hillman) –supports denying Fitbit’s motion.
`Inline Plastics Corp. v. Lacerta Group., Inc., Case No. 4:18-cv-11631-TSH *4-6 (D.
`Fitbit Misinterprets Its Cited Decisions
`
`•
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 38 of 67
`
`scheduled to begin.”
`March 27, 2009, long after discovery was closed and just a few months before trial was
`“Plaintiffs did not notify Microsoft that they intended to accuse the wireless controllers until
`“Plaintiffs were aware … that the Xbox360 had wireless controllers”
`
`
`
`••
`
`Hochstein v. Microsoft Corp., No. 04-73071, 2009 WL 2498481, at *5 (E.D. Mich. Aug. 17, 2009)
`
`19
`
`claimed to be literally present” was sufficient specificity. Motion to Strike denied.
`element.” Preliminary contention that “each of the limitations of each asserted claim is
`There was also an assertion that the plaintiff “failed to assert literal infringement of this
`in B-K's preliminary contentions.”
`“The second post/opening pair … is not the allegedly infringing opening and post identified
`
`•
`
`•
`
`B-K Lighting, Inc. v. Vision3 Lighting, 930 F. Supp. 2d 1102, 1137 (C.D. Cal. 2013)
`
`patents obvious on a claim-by-claim basis”
`provide notice of the party's theory of liability”, i.e., that “the drawings … rendered MES's
`Identification of prior art drawings alone at close of discovery, with no explanation, “did not
`Supplementation at the close of discovery, after expert discovery.
`
`
`
`••
`
`Woods v. DeAngeloMarine Exhaust, Inc., 692 F.3d 1272, 1279 (Fed. Cir. 2012)
`
`The other cases relied upon by Fitbit in its opening brief at 3 (Dkt. 269) are inapposite:
`
`Fitbit Cited Decisions are inapposite
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 39 of 67
`
`require a plaintiff to prove its infringement case.”
`coextensive. Infringement contentions need not disclose specific evidence nor do they
`“The scope of infringement contentions and expert reports are not, however,
`
`•
`
`2010 WL 786606, at *2 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 26, 2020)
`infringement theories.” FennerInvestments, Ltd. v. Hewlett-Packard Co., No. 6:08-cv-273,
`“Proper infringement contentions provide a defendant with notice of a plaintiff’s
`
`20
`
`•
`
`Philips Properly Put Fitbit On Notice
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 40 of 67
`
`Philips Put Fitbit on Notice of
`
`Fitness Score Calculated from
`
`Infringement by Cardio
`
`21
`
`Exercise Information
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 41 of 67
`
`22
`
`•May 15, 2020 Supplemental Disclosures (Dkt. 270-11, Exhibit 11; Dkt. 287-1 to 287-9,
`
`Provided updated claim charts
`
`•
`
`Exhibits 1-9)
`
`•March 17, 2020 Supplemental Disclosures (Dkt. 270-10, Exhibit 10)
`
`February 10, 2020 Response to Interrogatory (Dkt. 270-3, Exhibit 3)
`
`Incorporated the First Amended Complaint (Dkt. 25) of November 27, 2019
`Included claim charts
`
`
`
`••
`
`January 31, 2020 Disclosures (Dkt. 270-9, Exhibit 9)
`
`•
`
`•
`
`Philips Provided Extensive Responses
`
`Provided additional disclosure on performance of method
`
`Fitbit performs when it demonstrates, tests, etc.
`Fitbit Users perform when they purchase
`
`
`
`••
`
`•
`
`•Re-explained joint infringement from the complaint
`
`
`
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 42 of 67
`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 42 of 67
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`Case 1:19-cv-11586-FDS Document 352 Filed 03/15/22 Page 43 of 67
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