`
`
`Exhibit B
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 2 of 21 PageID 350
`
`US008201968B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Maxik et a].
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`LOW PROFILE LIGHT
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`2009/0086474 A1* 4/2009 Chou .......................... .. 362/230
`2009/0141506 A1* 6/2009 Lan et al. .................... .. 362/351
`
`EP
`WO
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`1950491 A1
`7/2008
`2008137732 A1
`11/2008
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`EP International Search Report for Application No. 101744498;
`Dated Dec. 14, 2010.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Primary Examiner * Ali Alavi
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm * Cantor Colburn LLP
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A luminaire includes a heat spreader and a heat sink thermally
`coupled to and disposed diametrically outboard of the heat
`spreader, an outer optic securely retained relative to at least
`one of the heat spreader and the heat sink, and a light source
`disposed in thermal communication With the heat spreader,
`the light source having a plurality of light emitting diodes
`(LEDs). The heat spreader, the heat sink and the outer optic,
`in combination, have an overall height H and an overall out
`side dimension D such that the ratio of H/D is equal to or less
`than 0.25. The combination de?ned by the heat spreader, the
`heat sink and the outer optic, is so dimensioned as to: cover an
`opening de?ned by a nominally sized four-inch can light
`?xture; and, cover an opening de?ned by a nominally sized
`four-inch electrical junction box.
`
`23 Claims, 13 Drawing Sheets
`
`(54)
`
`(75)
`
`(73)
`
`Inventors: Fredric S. Maxik, Indialantic, FL (US);
`Raymond A. Reynolds, Satellite Beach,
`FL (US); Addy S. Widjaj a, Palm Bay,
`FL (US); Mark Penley Boomgaarden,
`Indian Harbour Beach, FL (US); Robert
`Rafael Soler, Cocoa Beach, FL (US);
`James L. Schellack, Cocoa Beach, FL
`(Us)
`Assignee: Lighting Science Group Corporation,
`Satellite Beach, FL (US)
`
`(*)
`
`Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 98 days.
`
`(21)
`
`(22)
`
`(65)
`
`(60)
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`(58)
`
`Appl. N0.: 12/775,310
`
`Filed:
`
`May 6, 2010
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2011/0080727 A1
`
`Apr. 7, 2011
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`Provisional application No. 61/248,665, ?led on Oct.
`5, 2009.
`
`Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`F21V 1/00
`(2006.01)
`F21 V29/00
`US. Cl. ....... .. 362/235; 362/294; 362/147; 362/373
`Field of Classi?cation Search ................ .. 362/ 147,
`362/148, 149, 150, 404, 294, 373, 547, 365
`See application ?le for complete search history.
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 3 of 21 PageID 351
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 1 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`FIG. 1
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 4 of 21 PageID 352
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 2 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`FIG. 3
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 5 of 21 PageID 353
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 3 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`115
`
`FIG. 5
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 6 of 21 PageID 354
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 4 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`FIG. 9
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 7 of 21 PageID 355
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 5 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`145
`
`FIG. 10
`
`FIG. 11
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 8 of 21 PageID 356
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 6 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`100”\
`
`205
`
`105
`200
`% \
`wjzé
`
`200
`215 g 1423260
`EV
`/ / r4
`‘
`
`"
`
`110
`
`FIG. 12
`
`FIG. 13
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 9 of 21 PageID 357
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 7 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`A: 6N.“
`
`n ~ ENE
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 10 of 21 PageID 358
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 8 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`100"\
`
`FIG. 19
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 11 of 21 PageID 359
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 9 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`140'
`
`105
`
`FIG. 22
`
`FIG. 23
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 12 of 21 PageID 360
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 10 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`145'“
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 13 of 21 PageID 361
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 11 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`omv
`
`mww
`
`RN .wbw
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 14 of 21 PageID 362
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19 2012
`
`Sheet 12 0f 13
`
`M H mm
`
`L
`
`FIG. 28
`
`FIG. 29
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 15 of 21 PageID 363
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2012
`
`Sheet 13 0113
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`FIG. 30
`
`
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`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 16 of 21 PageID 364
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`1
`LOW PROFILE LIGHT
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application claims the bene?t of US. Provisional
`Application Ser. No. 61/248,665, ?led Oct. 5, 2009, Which is
`incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present disclosure relates generally to lighting, par
`ticularly to loW pro?le lighting, and more particularly to loW
`pro?le doWnlighting for retro?t applications.
`Light ?xtures come in many shapes and siZes, With some
`being con?gured for neW Work installations While others are
`con?gured for old Work installations. NeW Work installations
`are not limited to as many constraints as old Work installa
`tions, Which must take into account the type of electrical
`?xture/enclosure or junction box existing behind a ceiling or
`Wall panel material. With recessed ceiling lighting, sheet
`metal can-type light ?xtures are typically used, While surface
`mounted ceiling and Wall lighting typically use metal or plas
`tic junction boxes of a variety of siZes and depths. With the
`advent of LED (light emitting diode) lighting, there is a great
`need to not only provide neW Work LED light ?xtures, but to
`also provide LED light ?xtures that are suitable for old Work
`applications, thereby enabling retro?t installations. One Way
`of providing old Work LED lighting is to con?gure an LED
`luminaire in such a manner as to utiliZe the volume of space
`available Within an existing ?xture (can-type ?xture or junc
`tion box). HoWever, such con?gurations typically result in
`unique designs for each type and siZe of ?xture. Accordingly,
`there is a need in the art for an LED lighting apparatus that
`overcomes these drawbacks.
`This background information is provided to reveal infor
`mation believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance to
`the present invention. No admission is necessarily intended,
`nor should be construed, that any of the preceding informa
`tion constitutes prior art against the present invention.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`2
`to receive AC voltage from an electrical supply line and to
`deliver DC voltage to the plurality of LEDs, the poWer con
`ditioner being so dimensioned as to ?t Within at least one of:
`a nominally siZed four-inch can light ?xture; and, a nominally
`siZed four-inch electrical junction box.
`An embodiment of the invention includes a luminaire hav
`ing a heat spreader, a heat sink thermally coupled to and
`disposed diametrically outboard of the heat spreader, an outer
`optic securely retained relative to at least one of the heat
`spreader and the heat sink, a light source disposed in thermal
`communication With the heat spreader, and an electrical sup
`ply line disposed in electrical communication With the light
`source. The heat spreader, heat sink and outer optic, in com
`bination, have an overall height H and an overall outside
`dimension D such that the ratio of H/D is equal to or less than
`0.25. The de?ned combination is so dimensioned as to: cover
`an opening de?ned by a nominally siZed four-inch can light
`?xture; and, cover an opening de?ned by a nominally siZed
`four-inch electrical junction box.
`An embodiment of the invention includes a luminaire hav
`ing a housing With a light unit and a trim unit. The light unit
`includes a light source, and the trim unit is mechanically
`separable from the light unit. A means for mechanically sepa
`rating the trim unit from the light unit provides a thermal
`conduction path therebetWeen. The light unit has suf?cient
`thermal mass to spread heat generated by the light source to
`the means for mechanically separating, and the trim unit has
`suf?cient thermal mass to serve as a heat sink to dissipate heat
`generated by the light source.
`An embodiment of the invention includes a luminaire for
`retro?t connection to an installed light ?xture having a con
`cealed in-use housing. The luminaire includes a housing hav
`ing a light unit and a trim unit, the light unit having a light
`source, and the trim unit being mechanically separable from
`the light unit. The trim unit de?nes a heat sinking thermal
`management element, con?gured to dissipate heat generated
`by the light source, that is completely 100% external of the
`concealed in-use housing of the installed light ?xture.
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`45
`
`50
`
`An embodiment of the invention includes a luminaire hav
`ing a heat spreader and a heat sink thermally coupled to and
`disposed diametrically outboard of the heat spreader, an outer
`optic securely retained relative to at least one of the heat
`spreader and the heat sink, and a light source disposed in
`thermal communication With the heat spreader, the light
`source having a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The
`heat spreader, the heat sink and the outer optic, in combina
`tion, have an overall height H and an overall outside dimen
`sion D such that the ratio of H/D is equal to or less than 0.25.
`The combination de?ned by the heat spreader, the heat sink
`and the outer optic, is so dimensioned as to: cover an opening
`de?ned by a nominally siZed four-inch can light ?xture; and,
`cover an opening de?ned by a nominally siZed four-inch
`electrical junction box.
`An embodiment of the invention includes a luminaire hav
`ing a heat spreader and a heat sink thermally coupled to and
`disposed diametrically outboard of the heat spreader. An
`outer optic is securely retained relative to at least one of the
`heat spreader and the heat sink. A light source is disposed in
`thermal communication With the heat spreader, the light
`source having a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs). A
`65
`poWer conditioner is disposed in electrical communication
`With the light source, the poWer conditioner being con?gured
`
`55
`
`60
`
`Referring to the exemplary draWings Wherein like elements
`are numbered alike in the accompanying Figures, abbreviated
`in each illustration as “Fig.”:
`FIG. 1 depicts an isometric top vieW of a luminaire in
`accordance With an embodiment of the invention;
`FIG. 2 depicts a top vieW of the luminaire of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 3 depicts a bottom vieW of the luminaire of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 4 depicts a side vieW of the luminaire of FIG. 1;
`FIG. 5 depicts a top vieW of a heat spreader assembly, a heat
`sink, and an outer optic in accordance With an embodiment of
`the invention;
`FIG. 6 depicts an isometric vieW of the heat spreader of
`FIG. 5;
`FIG. 7 depicts a partial isometric vieW of the heat sink of
`FIG. 5;
`FIG. 8 depicts a top vieW of an alternative heat spreader
`assembly in accordance With an embodiment of the invention;
`FIG. 9 depicts a top vieW of another alternative heat
`spreader assembly in accordance With an embodiment of the
`invention;
`FIG. 10 depicts a top vieW of yet another alternative heat
`spreader assembly in accordance With an embodiment of the
`invention;
`FIG. 11 depicts a bottom vieW of a heat spreader having a
`poWer conditioner in accordance With an embodiment of the
`invention;
`
`
`
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`
`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`3
`FIG. 12 depicts a section vieW of a luminaire in accordance
`With an embodiment of the invention;
`FIG. 13 depicts a bottom vieW of a heat sink having
`recesses in accordance With an embodiment of the invention;
`FIGS. 14-18 depict isometric vieWs of existing electrical
`can-type light ?xtures and electrical junction boxes for use in
`accordance With an embodiment of the invention;
`FIGS. 19-21 depict a side vieW, top vieW and bottom vieW,
`respectively, of a luminaire similar but alternative to that of
`FIGS. 2-4, in accordance With an embodiment of the inven
`tion;
`FIGS. 22-23 depict top and bottom vieWs, respectively, of
`a heat spreader having an alternative poWer conditioner in
`accordance With an embodiment of the invention;
`FIG. 24-26 depict in isometric, top and side vieWs, respec
`tively, an alternative re?ector to that depicted in FIGS. 10 and
`12;
`FIG. 27 depicts an exploded assembly vieW of an alterna
`tive luminaire in accordance With an embodiment of the
`invention;
`FIG. 28 depicts a side vieW of the luminaire of FIG. 27;
`FIG. 29 depicts a back vieW of the luminaire of FIG. 27;
`and
`FIG. 30 depicts a cross section vieW of the luminaire of
`FIG. 27, and more particularly depicts a cross section vieW of
`the outer optic used in accordance With an embodiment of the
`invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`Although the folloWing detailed description contains many
`speci?cs for the purposes of illustration, anyone of ordinary
`skill in the art Will appreciate that many variations and alter
`ations to the folloWing details are Within the scope of the
`invention. Accordingly, the folloWing preferred embodiments
`of the invention are set forth Without any loss of generality to,
`and Without imposing limitations upon, the claimed inven
`tion.
`An embodiment of the invention, as shoWn and described
`by the various ?gures and accompanying text, provides a loW
`pro?le doWnlight, more generally referred to as a luminaire,
`having an LED light source disposed on a heat spreader,
`Which in turn is thermally coupled to a heat sink that also
`serves as the trim plate of the luminaire. The luminaire is
`con?gured and dimensioned for retro?t installation on stan
`dard can-type light ?xtures used for recessed ceiling lighting,
`and on standard ceiling or Wall junction boxes (J -boxes) used
`for ceiling or Wall mounted lighting. The luminaire is also
`suitable for neW Work installation.
`While embodiments of the invention described and illus
`trated herein depict an example luminaire for use as a doWn
`light When disposed upon a ceiling, it Will be appreciated that
`embodiments of the invention also encompass other lighting
`applications, such as a Wall sconce for example.
`While embodiments of the invention described and illus
`trated herein depict example poWer conditioners having visu
`ally de?ned siZes, it Will be appreciated that embodiments of
`the invention also encompass other poWer conditioners hav
`ing other siZes as long as the poWer conditioners fall Within
`the ambit of the invention disclosed herein.
`Referring to FIGS. 1-26 collectively, a luminaire 100
`includes a heat spreader 105, a heat sink 110 thermally
`coupled to and disposed diametrically outboard of the heat
`spreader, an outer optic 115 securely retained relative to at
`least one of the heat spreader 105 and the heat sink 110, a light
`source 120 disposed in thermal communication With the heat
`spreader 105, and an electrical supply line 125 disposed in
`
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`40
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`50
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`55
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`60
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`65
`
`4
`electrical communication With the light source 120. To pro
`vide for a loW pro?le luminaire 100, the combination of the
`heat spreader 105, heat sink 110 and outer optic 115, have an
`overall height H and an overall outside dimension D such that
`the ratio of H/D is equal to or less than 0.25. In an example
`embodiment, height H is 1 .5-inches, and outside dimension D
`is a diameter of 7-inches. Other dimensions for H and D are
`contemplated such that the combination of the heat spreader
`105, heat sink 110 and outer optic 115, are con?gured and
`siZed so as to; (i) cover an opening de?ned by an industry
`standard can-type light ?xture having nominal siZes from
`three-inches to six-inches (see FIGS. 14 and 15 for example);
`and, (ii) cover an opening de?ned by an industry standard
`electrical junction box having nominal siZes from three
`inches to six-inches (see FIGS. 16 and 17 for example). Since
`can-type light ?xtures and ceiling/Wall mount junction boxes
`are designed for placement behind a ceiling or Wall material,
`an example luminaire has the back surface of the heat
`spreader 105 substantially planar With the back surface of the
`heat sink 110, thereby permitting the luminaire 100 to sit
`substantially ?ush on the surface of the ceiling/Wall material.
`Alternatively, small standoffs 200 (see FIG. 12 for example)
`may be used to promote air movement around the luminaire
`100 for improved heat transfer to ambient, Which Will be
`discussed further beloW. Securement of the luminaire 100 to
`a junction box may be accomplished by using suitable fas
`teners through appropriately spaced holes 150 (see FIG. 8 for
`example), and securement of the luminaire 100 to a can-type
`?xture may be accomplished by using extension springs 205
`fastened at one end to the heat spreader 105 (see FIG. 12 for
`example) and then hooked at the other end onto an interior
`detail of the can-type ?xture.
`In an embodiment, the light source 120 includes a plurality
`of light emitting diodes (LEDs) (also herein referred to as an
`LED chip package), Which is represented by the “checkered
`box” in FIGS. 5, 6 and 8-10. In application, the LED chip
`package generates heat at the junction of each LED die. To
`dissipate this heat, the LED chip package is disposed in
`suitable thermal communication With the heat spreader 105,
`Which in an embodiment is made using aluminum, and the
`heat spreader is disposed in suitable thermal communication
`With the heat sink 110, Which in an embodiment is also made
`using aluminum. To provide for suitable heat transfer from
`the heat spreader 105 to the heat sink 110, an embodiment
`employs a plurality of interconnecting threads 130, 135,
`Which When tightened provide suitable surface area for heat
`transfer thereacross.
`Embodiments of luminaire 100 may be poWered by DC
`voltage, While other embodiments may be poWered by AC
`voltage. In a DC-poWered embodiment, the electrical supply
`lines 125, Which receive DC voltage from a DC supply, are
`directly connected to the plurality of LEDs 120. Holes 210
`(see FIG. 9 for example) in the heat spreader 105 permit
`passage of the supply lines 125 from the back side of the heat
`spreader 105 to the front side. In an AC-poWered embodi
`ment, a suitable poWer conditioner 140, 160, 165 (see FIGS.
`8, 9 and 11 for example) is used.
`In an embodiment, and With reference to FIG. 8, poWer
`conditioner 140 is disposed on the heat spreader 105 on a
`same side of the heat spreader as the plurality of LEDs 120. In
`an embodiment, the poWer conditioner 140 is an electronic
`circuit board having electronic components con?gured to
`receive AC voltage from the electrical supply line 125 and to
`deliver DC voltage to the plurality of LEDs through appro
`priate electrical connections on either the front side or the
`back side of the heat spreader 105, With holes through the heat
`
`
`
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`US 8,201,968 B2
`
`5
`spreader or insulated electrical traces across the surface of the
`heat spreader being used as appropriate for the purposes.
`In an alternative embodiment, and With reference to FIG. 9,
`an arc-shaped electronic-circuit-board-mounted poWer con
`ditioner 160 may be used in place of the localiZed poWer
`conditioner 140 illustrated in FIG. 8, thereby utilizing a larger
`available area of the heat spreader 105 Without detracting
`from the lighting e?iciency of luminaire 100.
`In a further embodiment, and With reference to FIG. 11, a
`block-type poWer conditioner 165 (electronics contained
`Within a housing) may be used on the back surface of the heat
`spreader 105, Where the block-type poWer conditioner 165 is
`con?gured and siZed to ?t Within the interior space of an
`industry-standard nominally siZed can-type light ?xture or an
`industry-standard nominally siZed Wall/ceiling junction box.
`Electrical connections betWeen the poWer conditioner 165
`and the LEDs 120 are made via Wires 170, Which may be
`contained Within the can ?xture or junction box, or may be
`self-contained Within the poWer conditioner housing. Electri
`cal Wires 175 receive AC voltage via electrical connections
`Within the can ?xture or junction box.
`Referring noW to FIGS. 8-10 and 12, an embodiment
`includes a re?ector 145 disposed on the heat spreader 105 so
`as to cover the poWer conditioner 140, 160, While permitting
`the plurality of LEDs 120 to be visible (i.e., uncovered)
`through an aperture 215 of the re?ector 145. Mounting holes
`155 in the re?ector 145 align With mounting holes 150 in the
`heat spreader 105 for the purpose discussed above. The
`re?ector 145 provides a re?ective covering that hides poWer
`conditioner 140, 160 from vieW When vieWed from the outer
`optic side of luminaire 100, While e?iciently re?ecting light
`from the LEDs 120 toWard the outer optic 115. FIG. 12
`illustrates a section vieW through luminaire 100, shoWing a
`stepped con?guration of the re?ector 145, With the poWer
`conditioner 140, 160 hidden inside a pocket (i.e., betWeen the
`re?ector 145 and the heat spreader 105), and With the LEDs
`120 visible through the aperture 215. In an embodiment, the
`outer optic is made using a glass-bead-impregnated-plastic
`material. In an embodiment the outer optic 115 is made of a
`suitable material to mask the presence of a pixilated light
`source 120 disposed at the center of the luminaire. In an
`embodiment, the half angle poWer of the luminaire, Where the
`light intensity of the light source When vieWed at the outer
`optic drops to 50% of its maximum intensity, is evident Within
`a central diameter of the outer optic that is equal to or greater
`than 50% of the outer diameter of the outer optic.
`While FIG. 10 includes a re?ector 145, it Will be appreci
`ated that not all embodiments of the invention disclosed
`herein may employ a re?ector 145, and that When a re?ector
`145 is employed it may be used for certain optical preferences
`or to mask the electronics of the poWer conditioner 140, 160.
`The re?ective surface of the re?ector 145 may be White,
`re?ective polished metal, or metal ?lm over plastic, for
`example, and may have surface detail for certain optical
`effects, such as color mixing or controlling light distribution
`and/ or focusing for example.
`Referring to FIG. 12, an embodiment includes an inner
`optic 180 disposed over the plurality of LEDs 120. Employ
`ing an inner optic 180 not only provides protection to the
`LEDs 120 during installation of the luminaire 100 to a can
`?xture or junction box, but also offers another means of
`color-mixing and/or diffusing and/or color-temperature-ad
`justing the light output from the LEDs 120. In alternative
`embodiments, the inner optic 180 may be a standalone ele
`ment, or integrally formed With the re?ector 145. In an
`embodiment, the LEDs 120 are encapsulated in a phosphor of
`a type suitable to produce a color temperature output of 2700
`
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`50
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`60
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`65
`
`6
`deg-Kelvin. Other LEDs With or Without phosphor encapsu
`lation may be used to produce other color temperatures as
`desired.
`Referring to FIG. 13, a back surface 185 of the heat sink
`110 includes a ?rst plurality of recesses 190 oriented in a ?rst
`direction, and a second plurality of recesses 195 oriented in a
`second opposing direction, each recess of the ?rst plurality
`and the second plurality having a shape that promotes local
`iZed air movement Within the respective recess due at least in
`part to localiZed air temperature gradients and resulting local
`iZed air pressure gradients. Without being held to any particu
`lar theory, it is contemplated that a teardrop-shaped recess
`190, 195 each having a narroW end and an opposing broad end
`Will generate localiZed air temperatures in the narroW end that
`are higher than localiZed air temperatures in the associated
`broad end, due to the difference of proximity of the surround
`ing “heated” Walls of the associated recess. It is contemplated
`that the presence of such air temperature gradients, With
`resulting air pressure gradients, Within a given recess 190,
`195 Will cause localiZed air movement Within the associated
`recess, Which in turn Will enhance the overall heat transfer of
`the thermal system (the thermal system being the luminaire
`100 as a Whole). By alternating the orientation of the recesses
`190, 195, such that the ?rst plurality of recesses 190 and the
`second plurality of recesses 195 are disposed in an alternating
`fashion around the circumference of the back 185 of the heat
`sink 1 1 0, it is contemplated that further enhancements in heat
`transfer Will be achieved, either by the packing density of
`recesses achievable by nesting one recess 190 adjacent the
`other 195, or by alternating the direction vectors of the local
`iZed air temperature/ pres sure gradients to enhance overall air
`movement. In an embodiment, the ?rst plurality of recesses
`190 have a ?rst depth into the back surface of the heat sink,
`and the second plurality of recesses 195 have a second depth
`into the back surface of the heat sink, the ?rst depth being
`different from the second depth, Which is contemplated to
`further enhance heat transfer.
`FIGS. 14-18 illustrate typical industry standard can-type
`light ?xtures for recessed lighting (FIGS. 14-15), and typical
`industry standard electrical junction boxes for ceiling or Wall
`mounted lighting (FIGS. 16-18). Embodiments of the inven
`tion are con?gured and siZed for use With such ?xtures of
`FIGS. 14-18.
`FIGS. 19-21 illustrate an alternative luminaire 100' having
`a different form factor (?at top, ?at outer optic, smaller
`appearance) as compared to luminaire 100 of FIGS. 1-4.
`FIGS. 22-23 illustrate alternative electronic poWer condi
`tioners 140', 165' having a different form factor as compared
`to poWer conditioners 140, 165 of FIGS. 8 and 11, respec
`tively. All alternative embodiments disclosed herein, either
`explicitly, implicitly or equivalently, are considered Within
`the scope of the invention.
`FIGS. 24-26 illustrate an alternative re?ector 145' to that
`illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 12, With FIG. 24 depicting an
`isometric vieW, FIG. 25 depicting a top vieW, and FIG. 26
`depicting a side vieW of alternative re?ector 145'. As illus
`trated, re?ector 145' is conically-shaped With a centrally dis
`posed aperture 215' for receiving the LED package 120. The
`cone of re?ector 145' has a shalloW form factor so as to ?t in
`the loW pro?le luminaire 100, 100'. Similar to re?ector 145,
`the re?ective surface of the re?ector 145' may be White,
`re?ective polished metal, or metal ?lm over plastic, for
`example, and may have surface detail for certain optical
`effects, such as color mixing or controlling light distribution
`and/ or focusing for example. As discussed herein With respect
`to re?ector 145, alternative re?ector 145' may or may not be
`employed as required to obtain the desired optical effects.
`
`
`
`Case 6:16-cv-00680-RBD-GJK Document 23-2 Filed 08/24/16 Page 19 of 21 PageID 367
`
`US 8,201,968 B2
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`20
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`7
`From the foregoing, it Will be appreciated that embodi
`ments of the invention also include a luminaire 100 With a
`housing (collectively referred to by reference numerals 105,
`110 and 115) having a light unit (collectively referred to by
`reference numerals 105 and 115) and a trim unit 110, the light
`unit including a light source 120, the trim unit being mechani
`cally separable from the light unit, a means for mechanically
`separating 130, 135 the trim unit from the light unit providing
`a thermal conduction path therebetWeen, the light unit having
`suf?cient thermal mass to spread heat generated by the light
`source to the means for mechanically separating, the trim unit
`having su?icient thermal mass to serve as a heat sink to
`dissipate heat generated by the light source.
`From the foregoing, it Will also be appreciated that embodi
`ments of the invention further include a luminaire 100 for
`retro?t connection to an installed light ?xture having a con
`cealed in-use housing (see FIGS. 14-18 for example), the
`luminaire including a housing 105, 110, 115 having a light
`unit 105, 115 and a trim unit 110, the light unit comprising a
`light source 120, the trim unit being mechanically separable
`from the light unit, the trim unit de?ning a heat sinking
`thermal management element con?gured to dissipate heat
`generated by the light source that is completely 100% exter
`nal of the concealed in-use housing of the installed light
`?xture. As used herein, the term “concealed in-use housing”
`refers to a housing that is hidden behind a ceiling or a Wall
`panel once the luminaire of the invention has been installed
`thereon.
`Reference is noW made to FIG. 27, Which depicts an
`exploded assembly vieW of an alternative luminaire 300 to
`that depicted in FIGS. 1-12. Similar to luminaire 100 (Where
`like elements are numbered alike, and similar elements are
`named alike but numbered differently), luminaire 300
`includes a heat spreader 305 integrally formed With a heat
`sink 310 disposed diametrically outboard of the heat spreader
`305 (the heat spreader 305 and heat sink 310 are collectively
`herein referred to as base 302), an outer optic 315 securely
`retained relative to at least one of the heat spreader 305 and
`the heat sink 310, a light source (LED) 120 disposed in
`thermal communication With the heat spreader 305, and an
`electrical supply line 125 disposed in electrical communica
`tion With the light source 120. The integrally formed heat
`spreader 305 and heat sink 310 provides for improved heat
`?oW from the LED 120 to the heat sink 310 as the heat ?oW
`path therebetWeen is continuous and uninterrupted as com
`pared to the luminaire 100 discussed above.
`To provide for a loW pro?le luminaire 300, the combination
`of the heat spreader 305, heat sink 310 and outer optic 315,
`have an overall height H and an overall outside dimension D
`such that the ratio of H/D is equal to or less than 0.25 (best
`50
`seen by reference to FIG. 28). In an example embodiment,
`height H is 1.5-inches, and outside dimension D is a diameter
`of 7-inches. Other dimensions for H and D are contemplated
`such that the combination of the heat spreader 305, heat sink
`310 and outer optic 315, are so con?gured and dimensioned
`as to; (i) cover an opening de?ned by an industry standard
`can-type light ?xture having nominal siZes from three-inches
`to six-inches (see FIGS. 14 and 15 for example); and, (ii)
`cover an opening de?ned by an industry standard electrical
`junction box having nominal siZes from three-inches to six
`inches (see FIGS. 16 and 17 for example). Since can-type
`light ?xtures and ceiling/Wall mount junction boxes are
`designed for placement behind a ceiling or Wall material, an
`example luminaire 300 has the back surface of the heat
`spreader 305 substantially planar With the back surface of the
`heat sink 310, thereby permitting the luminaire 300 to sit
`substantially ?ush on the surface of the ceiling/Wall material.
`
`40
`
`45
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`8
`Alternatively, small standoffs 200 (see FIG. 12 in combina
`tion With FIG. 27 for example) may be used to promote air
`movement around the luminaire 300 for improved heat trans
`fer to ambient, as discussed above.
`Securement of the luminaire 300 to a junction box (see
`FIGS. 16-18 for example) may be accomplished by using a
`bracket 400 and suitable fasteners 405 (four illustrated)
`through appropriately spaced holes 410 (four illustrated) in
`the bracket 400. Securement of the base 302 to the bracket
`400 is accomplished using suitable fasteners 415 (tWo illus
`trated) through appropriately spaced holes 420 (tWo used,
`diametrically opposing each other, but only one visible) in the
`base 302, and threaded holes 425 (tWo illustrated) in the
`bracket 400. Securement of the optic 315 to the base 302